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Lan IS, Liu J, Yang W, Zimmermann J, Ennis DB, Marsden AL. Validation of the Reduced Unified Continuum Formulation Against In Vitro 4D-Flow MRI. Ann Biomed Eng 2023; 51:377-393. [PMID: 35963921 PMCID: PMC11402517 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-022-03038-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
We previously introduced and verified the reduced unified continuum formulation for vascular fluid-structure interaction (FSI) against Womersley's deformable wall theory. Our present work seeks to investigate its performance in a patient-specific aortic setting in which assumptions of idealized geometries and velocity profiles are invalid. Specifically, we leveraged 2D magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and 4D-flow MRI to extract high-resolution anatomical and hemodynamic information from an in vitro flow circuit embedding a compliant 3D-printed aortic phantom. To accurately reflect experimental conditions, we numerically implemented viscoelastic external tissue support, vascular tissue prestressing, and skew boundary conditions enabling in-plane vascular motion at each inlet and outlet. Validation of our formulation is achieved through close quantitative agreement in pressures, lumen area changes, pulse wave velocity, and early systolic velocities, as well as qualitative agreement in late systolic flow structures. Our validated suite of FSI techniques offers a computationally efficient approach for numerical simulation of vascular hemodynamics. This study is among the first to validate a cardiovascular FSI formulation against an in vitro flow circuit involving a compliant vascular phantom of complex patient-specific anatomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid S Lan
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Clark Center E1.3 318 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305-5428, USA
| | - Ju Liu
- Department of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Data-Driven Fluid Mechanics and Engineering Applications, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiguang Yang
- Department of Pediatrics (Cardiology), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Judith Zimmermann
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Informatics, Technical University of Munich, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Daniel B Ennis
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Division of Radiology, Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Alison L Marsden
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Clark Center E1.3 318 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305-5428, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics (Cardiology), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
- Institute for Computational and Mathematical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
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Special Issue of the VPH2020 Conference: "Virtual Physiological Human: When Models, Methods and Experiments Meet the Clinic". Ann Biomed Eng 2022; 50:483-484. [PMID: 35334017 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-022-02943-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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