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Durodola SS, Akeremale OK, Ore OT, Bayode AA, Badamasi H, Olusola JA. A Review on Nanomaterial as Photocatalysts for Degradation of Organic Pollutants. J Fluoresc 2024; 34:501-514. [PMID: 37432581 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-023-03332-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Eliminating hazardous organic contaminants from water is a major concern today. Nanomaterials with their textural features, large surface area, electrical conductivity, and magnetic properties make them efficient for the removal and photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants. The reaction mechanisms of the photocatalytic oxidation of common organic pollutants were critically examined. A detailed review of articles published on photocatalytic degradation of hydrocarbons, pesticides, and dyes was presented therein. This review seeks to bridge information gaps on the reported nanomaterial as photocatalysts for the degradation of organic pollutants under sub-headings, nanomaterials, organic pollutants, degradation of organic pollutants, and mechanisms of photocatalytic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solomon S Durodola
- Department of Chemistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, 220005, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
| | - Olaniran K Akeremale
- Department of Science and Technology Education, Bayero University, 3011, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Odunayo T Ore
- Department of Chemistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, 220005, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Ajibola A Bayode
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Redeemer's University, P.M.B. 230, Ede, 232101, Nigeria
| | - Hamza Badamasi
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University Dutse, Dutse, Jigawa State, Nigeria
| | - Johnson Adedeji Olusola
- Department of Geography and Planning Science, Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
- Institute of Ecology and Environmental Studies, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, 220005, Nigeria
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Kubiak A, Grzegórska A, Gabała E, Zembrzuska J, Szybowicz M, Fuks H, Szymczyk A, Zielińska-Jurek A, Sikorski M, Jesionowski T. TiO2-C nanocomposite synthesized via facile surfactant-assisted method as a part of less energy-consuming LED-based photocatalytic system for environmental applications. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.114428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Yoon J, Kim J, Park S, Jeong YW, Lee C, Oh SG. Fabrication of Ag-doped ZnO/PAN composite nanofibers by electrospinning: Photocatalytic and antiviral activities. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2022; 39:1632-1640. [PMID: 35125591 PMCID: PMC8809213 DOI: 10.1007/s11814-021-1037-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Ag-doped ZnO nanoparticles (AZNs) were directly synthesized using sol-gel method to embed into polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers by electrospinning. The synthesized AZNs were optically and structurally characterized by UV-VIS spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, high resolution HR-TEM and XRD. The photocatalytic activity of the AZNs was examined by photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue to correlate with their antiviral efficacy in PAN nanofibers fabricated via electrospinning technique. The PAN nanofibers containing AZNs were characterized using SEM and EDS. Finally, antiviral activity of AZNs/PAN nanofibers was investigated by using virus ϕx174 under visible light irradiation. As a result, the antiviral efficacy of nanofibers increased as the concentration of Ag in AZNs increased. The results show that better antiviral efficacy was obtained in AZNs/PAN nanofibers prepared with AZNs of higher photocatalytic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsoo Yoon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763 Korea
| | - Joohyun Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Process (ICP), Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 Korea
| | - Soomin Park
- Sensor Lab, Smart Device Team, Samsung Research, Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Seoul, 06756 Korea
| | - Yong Won Jeong
- Sensor Lab, Smart Device Team, Samsung Research, Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Seoul, 06756 Korea
| | - Changha Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Process (ICP), Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 Korea
| | - Seong-Geun Oh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763 Korea
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Wołowicz A, Wawrzkiewicz M, Hubicki Z, Siwińska-Ciesielczyk K, Kubiak A, Jesionowski T. Enhanced removal of vanadium(V) from acidic streams using binary oxide systems of TiO2-ZrO2 and TiO2-ZnO type. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Design and Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of TiO2-Lanthanides Systems and Evaluation of Photocatalytic Activity under UV-LED Light Irradiation. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The TiO2-Eu and TiO2-La systems were successfully synthesized using the microwave method. Based on the results of X-ray diffraction analysis, it was found that regardless of the analyzed systems, two crystal structures were noted for the obtained samples: anatase and rutile. The analysis, such as XPS and EDS, proved that the doped lanthanum and europium nano-particles are present only on the TiO2 surface without disturbing the crystal lattice. In the synthesized systems, there were no significant changes in the bandgap energy. Moreover, all the obtained systems were characterized by high thermal stability. One of the key objectives of the work, and a scientific novelty, was the introduction of UV-LED lamps into the metronidazole photo-oxidation pathway. The results of the photo-oxidation study showed that the obtained TiO2 systems doped with selected lanthanides (Eu or La) show high efficiency in the removal of metronidazole, and at the same consuming nearly 10 times less electricity compared to conventional UV lamps (high-pressure mercury lamp). Liquid-chromatography mass-spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis of an intermediate solution showed the presence of fragments of the degraded molecule by m/z 114, 83, and 60, prompting the formulation of a plausible photodegradation pathway for metronidazole.
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Juliya A, Mujeeb VA, Sreenivasan K, Muraleedharan K. Enhanced H2 evolution via photocatalytic water splitting using mesoporous TiO2/RuO2/CuO ternary nanomaterial. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpap.2021.100076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
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Van Viet P, Hoang The Vinh T, Thi Ngoc Dung N, Minh Thi C. Facile ball-milling synthesis of TiO2 modified ZnO for efficient photocatalytic removal of atmospheric nitric oxide gas under solar light irradiation. Chem Phys Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2021.138642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Effects of Electrospinning Parameters on the Microstructure of PVP/TiO 2 Nanofibers. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11061616. [PMID: 34202986 PMCID: PMC8234784 DOI: 10.3390/nano11061616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide has excellent chemical, electrical, and optical properties, as well as good chemical stability. For that reason, it is widely used in many fields of study and industry, such as photocatalysts, organic solar cells, sensors, dental implants, and other applications. Many nanostructures of TiO2 have been reported, and electrospinning is an efficient practical technique that has a low cost and high efficiency. In various studies on improving performance, the researchers created nanofibers with suitable microstructures by changing various properties and the many process parameters that can be controlled. In this study, PVP/TiO2 nanofibers were fabricated by the electrospinning process. The diameters of the nanofibers were controlled by various parameters. To understand the effects on the diameter of the nanofibers, various process parameters were controlled: the molecular weight and concentration of the polymers, deionized water, applied voltage, fluid velocity, and concentration of titanium precursor. The average diameter of the PVP nanofibers was controlled in a range of 42.3 nm to 633.0 nm. The average diameter of the PVP/TiO2 nanofibers was also controlled in a range of 63.5 nm to 186.0 nm after heat treatment.
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Kitchamsetti N, Didwal PN, Mulani SR, Patil MS, Devan RS. Photocatalytic activity of MnTiO 3 perovskite nanodiscs for the removal of organic pollutants. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07297. [PMID: 34189324 PMCID: PMC8220322 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
MTO nanodiscs synthesized using the hydrothermal approach were explored for the photocatalytic removal of methylene blue (MB), rhodamine B (RhB), congo red (CR), and methyl orange (MO). The disc-like structures of ~16 nm thick and ~291 nm average diameter of stoichiometric MTO were rhombohedral in nature. The MTO nanodiscs delivered stable and recyclable photocatalytic activity under Xe lamp irradiation. The kinetic studies showed the 89.7, 80.4, 79.4, and 79.4 % degradation of MB, RhB, MO, and CR at the rate constants of 0.011(±0.001), 0.006(±0.001), 0.007(±0.0007), and 0.009 (±0.0001) min-1, respectively, after the 180 min of irradiation. The substantial function of photogenerated holes and hydroxide radicals pertaining to the dye removal phenomena is confirmed by radical scavenger trapping studies. Overall, the present studies provide a way to develop pristine and heterostructure perovskite for photocatalysts degradation of various organic wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narasimharao Kitchamsetti
- Department of Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore 453552, India
| | - Pravin N. Didwal
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, 77, Yongbongro, Bukgu, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Sameena R. Mulani
- Department of Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore 453552, India
| | - Madhuri S. Patil
- Department of Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore 453552, India
| | - Rupesh S. Devan
- Department of Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore 453552, India
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Turkten N, Bekbolet M. Photocatalytic performance of titanium dioxide and zinc oxide binary system on degradation of humic matter. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2020.112748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Kim WT, Na KH, Park DC, Yang WH, Choi WY. Photocatalytic Methylene Blue Degradation of Electrospun Ti-Zn Complex Oxide Nanofibers. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10071311. [PMID: 32635421 PMCID: PMC7407650 DOI: 10.3390/nano10071311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Photocatalysts are the most important technology in air pollution removal and the detoxification of organic materials. Doping and complexation are among the most used methods to improve the efficiency of photocatalysts. Titanium dioxide and zinc oxide nanomaterials are widely used materials for photocatalysts and the degradation of toxic materials. Their mixed structure can be fabricated by many methods and the structure affects their properties. Nanofibers are efficient materials for photocatalysts due to their vertically formed structure, which improves the charge separation of photoelectrons. We fabricated them by an electrospinning process. A precursor consisting of titanium 4-isopropoxide, zinc acetate dihydrate and polyvinylpyrrolidone was used as a spinning solution for a mixed structure of titanium dioxide and zinc oxide with different molar ratios. They were then calcined, crystallized by heat treatment and analyzed by thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) and energy-dispersive spectroscope (EDS). After annealing, the average diameters of the Ti-Zn complex oxide nanofibers were 237.6-278.6 nm with different salt ratios, and multiple crystalline structures were observed, namely TiO2, ZnO, ZnTiO3 and Zn2TiO4. We observed the photocatalytic performance of the samples and compared them according to the photodegradation of methylene blue. The methylene blue concentration decreased to 0.008-0.650 after three hours, compared to an initial concentration of 1, with different metal oxide structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Tae Kim
- Department of Advanced Materials Engineering, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Gangwon 25457, Korea; (W.-T.K.); (K.-H.N.)
| | - Kyeong-Han Na
- Department of Advanced Materials Engineering, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Gangwon 25457, Korea; (W.-T.K.); (K.-H.N.)
| | - Dong-Cheol Park
- WITH M-TECH Co., Ltd., Suwon, Gyeonggi 16229, Korea; (D.-C.P.); (W.-H.Y.)
| | - Wan-Hee Yang
- WITH M-TECH Co., Ltd., Suwon, Gyeonggi 16229, Korea; (D.-C.P.); (W.-H.Y.)
| | - Won-Youl Choi
- Department of Advanced Materials Engineering, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Gangwon 25457, Korea; (W.-T.K.); (K.-H.N.)
- Research Institute for Dental Engineering, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Gangwon 25457, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-33-640-2483
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Krishnan A, Aboobakar Shibli SM. Electroactive P-Ani/core-shell/TiO2/TiO2-WO3 employed surface engineering of Ni-P electrodes for alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction. J IND ENG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2020.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Optimization of the Technological Parameters for Obtaining Zn-Ti Based Composites to Increase the Performance of H2S Removal from Syngas. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8050562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The realization of some composite materials that allow the best removal of H2S from syngas was the main objective of this work. Thus, the optimization of the technological parameters for obtaining composites based on Zn-Ti was achieved. The paper studies the influence of calcination temperature on the characteristics of the binary ZnO-TiO2 system used to synthesize a composite material with suitable properties to be used subsequently for syngas treatment. The mineralogical and structural analyzes showed that starting with the calcination temperature of 700 °C the material synthetized is composed mainly of zinc orthotitanate which possess the corresponding characteristics to be finally used in the treatment of the syngas for its desulfurization. At this calcination temperature the material has a compact structure most likely due to sintering of the formed titanates. These composites have a texture that places them rather in the category of non-porous materials, the pore volume and their surface area obviously decreasing as the calcination temperature increases. A maximum sulfur removal degree of about 97% was obtained by using a composite synthetized at a temperature of 700 °C (ZT-700).
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Chen F, Yu C, Wei L, Fan Q, Ma F, Zeng J, Yi J, Yang K, Ji H. Fabrication and characterization of ZnTiO 3/Zn 2Ti 3O 8/ZnO ternary photocatalyst for synergetic removal of aqueous organic pollutants and Cr( VI) ions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 706:136026. [PMID: 31841856 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Highly efficient photocatalysts have great development prospects in wastewater treatment, especially in the degradation of organic pollutants and reduction of inorganic heavy metal ions. Herein, a Z-scheme ZnTiO3/Zn2Ti3O8/ZnO ternary photocatalyst was prepared by the solvothermal-calcination method and the influence of the content of tetrabutyl titanate precursor and different reaction temperature on the crystal phase structures, photoelectrochemical properties and photocatalytic activities of the samples were investigated. Due to its unique Z-scheme structure and suitable band gap position, which is favorable for the efficient migration and separation of photo-generated electrons and holes and the improvement of photocatalytic redox reaction capability, the samples show excellent performance for the degradation of organic pollutants and reduction of heavy metal Cr(VI) ions. Based on a series of characterization analyses, a possible Z-scheme photocatalytic mechanism is proposed. This work provides a simple preparation method for fabrication of multivariate heterojunction photocatalyst for degradation of organic pollutants and removal of heavy metal ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanyun Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong 525000, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hongqi Road, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Changlin Yu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong 525000, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hongqi Road, Ganzhou 341000, China.
| | - Longfu Wei
- School of Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong 525000, China
| | - Qizhe Fan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong 525000, China
| | - Fei Ma
- School of Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong 525000, China
| | - Julan Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, Hunan, China
| | - Junhui Yi
- School of Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong 525000, China
| | - Kai Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hongqi Road, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Hongbing Ji
- School of Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong 525000, China.
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Preparation and NH 3 Gas-Sensing Properties of Double-Shelled Hollow ZnTiO 3 Microrods. SENSORS 2019; 20:s20010046. [PMID: 31861747 PMCID: PMC6983216 DOI: 10.3390/s20010046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A novel double-shelled hollow (DSH) structure of ZnTiO3 microrods was prepared by self-templating route with the assistance of poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA) in an ethylene glycol (EG) solution, which was followed by calcining. Moreover, the NH3 gas-sensing properties of the DSH ZnTiO3 microrods were studied at room temperature. The morphology and composition of DSH ZnTiO3 microrods films were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD). The formation process of double-shelled hollow microrods was discussed in detail. The comparative gas-sensing results revealed that the DSH ZnTiO3 microrods had a higher response to NH3 gas at room temperature than those of the TiO2 solid microrods and DSH ZnTiO3 microrods did in the dark. More importantly, the DSH ZnTiO3 microrods exhibited a strong response to low concentrations of NH3 gas at room temperature.
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Hydrothermal-assisted synthesis of highly crystalline titania-copper oxide binary systems with enhanced antibacterial properties. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 104:109839. [PMID: 31500036 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.109839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Binary oxide systems containing TiO2 and CuO were synthesized using hydrothermal treatment and shown to have enhanced antibacterial properties. A detailed investigation was made of the effect of the molar ratio of components (TiO2:CuO = 7:3, 5:5, 3:7, 1:9) on the physicochemical parameters and antibacterial activity. Analysis of morphology (SEM, TEM and HRTEM) confirmed the presence of spherical and sheet-shaped particles. On the XRD patterns for the binary oxide materials, two crystalline forms (anatase and monoclinic CuO) were observed. It was found that an increase in CuO content led to a decrease in the BET surface area of the TiO2-CuO binary oxide systems. The synthesized TiO2-CuO materials exhibited very good antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus) and Gram-negative (Salmonella Enteritidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria. The obtained results show that TiO2-CuO oxide materials may have applications in the biomedical and food industries.
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