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Guo X, Zhang J, Feng Z, Ji J, Shen X, Hou X, Mei Z. The antiangiogenic effect of total saponins of Panax japonicus C.A. Meyer in rheumatoid arthritis is mediated by targeting the HIF-1α/VEGF/ANG-1 axis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 333:118422. [PMID: 38838922 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Traditional Chinese herbal medicine Panax japonicus C.A. Meyer has a long history in clinical treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Total saponins of Panax japonicus C.A. Meyer (TSPJs) were extracted from the root of Panax japonicus C.A. Meyer, and its anti-rheumatism mechanism is still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate whether TSPJs attenuated synovial angiogenesis in RA and explore the potential mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Potential TSPJs targets involving gene function were predicted by network pharmacology related databases. Bioinformatics analysis and molecular docking technology were used to predict the mechanism of TSPJs in the treatment of RA. The predicted results were validated by cell experiments and a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model. RESULTS Bioinformatics analysis results showed that TSPJs may inhibit RA-related angiogenesis through the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathways. In vitro, different doses of TSPJs showed a good inhibitory effect on the tube formation of EA.hy926 cells. The results of the cellular thermal shift assay indicated that TSPJs can bind to the HIF-1α, VEGFA, and angiopoietin-1 (ANG-1) proteins. In vivo, the administration of TSPJs alleviated the symptoms of CIA mice, including the arthritis index, hind paw thickness, and swollen joint count. The histological results demonstrated that TSPJs inhibited inflammation, angiogenesis, bone damage, and cartilage destruction. Furthermore, TSPJs decreased the number of vessels and the expression level of CD31. The mechanistic results revealed that TSPJs decreased the expression of HIF-1α, VEGFA, and ANG-1 in the serum or synovial tissues of CIA mice. CONCLUSION These results suggest that TSPJs effectively inhibit angiogenesis in RA, and the mechanism may be related to inhibiting the HIF-1α/VEGF/ANG-1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Guo
- Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Chinese Medicine Approved By State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, 443002, China; The Second Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 51006, China.
| | - Jinkai Zhang
- Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Chinese Medicine Approved By State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, 443002, China.
| | - Zhitao Feng
- Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Chinese Medicine Approved By State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, 443002, China; Institute of Rheumatology, The First College of Clinical Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, 443003, China.
| | - Jinyu Ji
- Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Chinese Medicine Approved By State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, 443002, China.
| | - Xiaolan Shen
- Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Chinese Medicine Approved By State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, 443002, China.
| | - Xiaoqiang Hou
- Institute of Rheumatology, The First College of Clinical Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, 443003, China.
| | - Zhigang Mei
- The Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China.
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Wang S, Yamakawa M, Santosa SM, Chawla N, Guo K, Montana M, Hallak JA, Han KY, Ema M, Rosenblatt MI, Chang JH, Azar DT. Quantification of Angiogenesis and Lymphangiogenesis in the Dual ex vivo Aortic and Thoracic Duct Assay. Protein Pept Lett 2020; 27:30-40. [PMID: 31553284 PMCID: PMC6978644 DOI: 10.2174/0929866526666190925145842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract: Background Lymphatic vessel formation (lymphangiogenesis) plays important roles in cancer metastasis, organ rejection, and lymphedema, but the underlying molecular events remain unclear. Furthermore, despite significant overlap in the molecular families involved in angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis, little is known about the crosstalk between these processes. The ex vivo aortic ring assay and lymphatic ring assay have enabled detailed studies of vessel sprouting, but harvesting and imaging clear thoracic duct samples remain challenging. Here we present a modified ex vivo dual aortic ring and thoracic duct assay using tissues from dual fluorescence reporter Prox1-GFP/Flt1-DsRed (PGFD) mice, which permit simultaneous visualization of blood and lymphatic endothelial cells. Objective To characterize the concurrent sprouting of intrinsically fluorescent blood and lymphatic vessels from harvested aorta and thoracic duct samples. Methods Dual aorta and thoracic duct specimens were harvested from PGFD mice, grown in six types of endothelial cell growth media (one control, five that each lack a specific growth factor), and visualized by confocal fluorescence microscopy. Linear mixed models were used to compare the extent of vessel growth and sprouting over a 28-day period. Results Angiogenesis occurred prior to lymphangiogenesis in our assay. The control medium generally induced superior growth of both vessel types compared with the different modified media formulations. The greatest decrease in lymphangiogenesis was observed in vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C)-devoid medium, suggesting the importance of VEGF-C in lymphangiogenesis. Conclusion The modified ex vivo dual aortic ring and thoracic duct assay represents a powerful tool for studying angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in concert.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangyong Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Michael Yamakawa
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Samuel M Santosa
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Neeraj Chawla
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Kai Guo
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Mario Montana
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Joelle A Hallak
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Kyu-Yeon Han
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Masatsugu Ema
- Department of Stem Cells and Human Disease Models, Shia University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Mark I Rosenblatt
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jin-Hong Chang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Dimitri T Azar
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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Shen Y, Chen BL, Zhang QX, Zheng YZ, Fu Q. Traditional uses, secondary metabolites, and pharmacology of Celastrus species - a review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 241:111934. [PMID: 31129308 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.111934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Plants of genus Celastrus (Celastraceae) have been widely used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and Indian medicine to treat cognitive dysfunction, epilepsy, insomnia, rheumatism, gout, and dyspepsia for thousands of years. AIM OF STUDY We critically summarized the current evidence on the botanic characterization and distribution, ethnopharmacology, secondary metabolites, pharmacological activities, qualitative and quantitative analysis, and toxicology of Celastrus species to provide perspectives for developing more attractive pharmaceuticals of plant origin. MATERIALS AND METHODS The relevant information on Celastrus species was gathered from worldwide accepted scientific databases via electronic search (Web of Science, SciFinder, PubMed, Elsevier, SpringerLink, Wiley Online, China Knowledge Resource Integrated, and Google Scholar). Information was also obtained from the literature and books as well as PhD and MSc dissertations. Plant names were validated by "The Plant List" (www.theplantlist.org). RESULTS Comprehensive analysis of the above mentioned databases and other sources confirmed that ethnomedical uses of plants of Celastrus genus had been recorded in China, India, and other countries in Southern Asia. The phytochemical investigation revealed the presence of β-dihydroagarofuranoids, diterpenoids, triterpenoids, tetraterpenes, phenylpropanoids, alkaloids, flavonoids, lignans, and others. The crude extracts and isolated constituents have exhibited a wide range of in vitro and in vivo pharmacological effects, including antitumor, cytotoxic, insecticidal, antimicrobial, anti-rheumatoid arthritis (RA), anti-inflammatory, anti-ageing and antioxidative, and neuroprotective activities. CONCLUSION Plants of genus Celastrus have been confirmed to show a strong potential for therapeutic and health-maintaining effects, in light of their long traditional use and the phytochemical and pharmacological studies summarized here. Currently, pharmacological studies of this genus mainly focus on Celastrus paniculatus Willd. and Celastrus orbiculatus Thunb. Therefore, more pharmacological investigations should be implemented to support traditional uses of other medicinal plants of the genus Celastrus. Moreover, studies on the toxicity, bioavailability, and pharmacokinetics, in addition to clinical trials, are indispensable for assessing the safety and efficacy of the secondary metabolites or extracts obtained from plants belonging to this genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Shen
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture Rural Affairs, College of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China
| | - Bi-Lian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture Rural Affairs, College of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China
| | - Qin-Xiu Zhang
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Yu-Zhong Zheng
- School of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou, 521041, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture Rural Affairs, College of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China.
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Wu H, Wu H, He Y, Gan Z, Xu Z, Zhou M, Liu S, Liu H. Synovitis in mice with inflammatory arthritis monitored with quantitative analysis of dynamic contrast-enhanced NIR fluorescence imaging using iRGD-targeted liposomes as fluorescence probes. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:1841-1850. [PMID: 29615837 PMCID: PMC5870656 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s155475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common inflammatory disorder characterized primarily by synovitis and pannus formation in multiple joints, causing joints destruction and irreversible disability in most cases. Early diagnosis and effective therapy monitoring of RA are of importance for achieving the favorable prognosis. METHODS We first prepared the targeted fluorescence probes, and then explored the feasibility of near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence molecular imaging to detect and evaluate the RA via the targeted fluorescence probes by quantitative analysis in this study. RESULTS The targeted fluorescence probes (indocyanine green-liposomes decorated with iRGD peptide [iLPs]) was successfully prepared. The quantitative analysis found that strong fluorescence signal was detected in inflamed paws and the fluorescence signal in iLPs group was 3.03-fold higher than that in non-targeted (indocyanine green-liposomes decorated without iRGD peptide [LPs]) group (P<0.01) at 15 min after injection, whereas the fluorescence signal from iLPs signal can almost not be observed in the non-inflamed paws, showing the high sensitivity and accuracy for arthritis by the NIR fluorescence imaging based on iLPs. CONCLUSION The NIR fluorescence imaging by iLPs may facilitate improved arthritis diagnosis and early assessment of the disease progression by providing an in vivo characterization of angiogenesis in inflammatory joint diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- Department of Ultrasonography, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haohan Wu
- Department of Ultrasonography, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanni He
- Department of Ultrasonography, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Gan
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhili Xu
- Department of Ultrasonography, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meijun Zhou
- Department of Ultrasonography, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sai Liu
- Department of Ultrasonography, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongmei Liu
- Department of Ultrasonography, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Toyama S, Oda R, Tokunaga D, Taniguchi D, Nakamura S, Asada M, Fujiwara H, Kubo T. A new assessment tool for ulnar drift in patients with rheumatoid arthritis using pathophysiological parameters of the metacarpophalangeal joint. Mod Rheumatol 2018; 29:113-118. [PMID: 29448870 DOI: 10.1080/14397595.2018.1442171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To establish a new assessment tool for ulnar drift (UD) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS We established an observational cohort of 67 patients (134 rheumatoid hands) beginning in 2004. Fifty-two patients (100 hands) had follow-up in 2009 and 37 patients (63 hands) completed follow-up in 2015. UD was evaluated with the Fearnley classification and our scoring method, which assesses four parameters of the metacarpophalangeal joint. Cluster analysis using UD parameters divided hands into groups. Changes in UD over time, correlation of the Fearnley stage and cluster with a functional assessment, and reliability of the parameters were analyzed. RESULTS UD increased and worsened over time according to the trend test. A dendrogram indicated five clusters would be appropriate. Both the Fearnley classification and cluster were associated with function; however, our method related to function more linearly (R-squared: 0.42). We found one type of hand in which bone destruction precedes the joint dislocation and one type in which joint dislocation progresses with little deviation during UD progression. CONCLUSION Our UD evaluation appeared to be simple and related to function. Additionally, it enables dividing UD hands into five stages. Thus, our assessment should be beneficial compared to the Fearnley classification in considering treatments of UD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Toyama
- a Department of Orthopaedics, Graduate School of Medical Science , Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine , Kyoto , Japan
| | - Ryo Oda
- a Department of Orthopaedics, Graduate School of Medical Science , Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine , Kyoto , Japan
| | - Daisaku Tokunaga
- a Department of Orthopaedics, Graduate School of Medical Science , Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine , Kyoto , Japan
| | - Daigo Taniguchi
- a Department of Orthopaedics, Graduate School of Medical Science , Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine , Kyoto , Japan
| | - Satoru Nakamura
- a Department of Orthopaedics, Graduate School of Medical Science , Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine , Kyoto , Japan
| | - Maki Asada
- a Department of Orthopaedics, Graduate School of Medical Science , Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine , Kyoto , Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Fujiwara
- a Department of Orthopaedics, Graduate School of Medical Science , Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine , Kyoto , Japan
| | - Toshikazu Kubo
- a Department of Orthopaedics, Graduate School of Medical Science , Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine , Kyoto , Japan
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Deng Q, Bai S, Gao W, Tong L. Pristimerin inhibits angiogenesis in adjuvant-induced arthritic rats by suppressing VEGFR2 signaling pathways. Int Immunopharmacol 2015; 29:302-313. [PMID: 26548348 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2015] [Revised: 10/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a progressive, inflammatory autoimmune disease. As RA progresses, the hyperplastic synovial pannus creates a hypoxic, inflammatory environment that induces angiogenesis. Further vascularization of the synovial tissue promotes pannus growth and continued infiltration of inflammatory leukocytes, thus perpetuating the disease. Pristimerin inhibits inflammation and tumor angiogenesis. The present study focused on the inhibition of angiogenesis by Pristimerin in adjuvant-induced arthritic rats and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Our results clearly demonstrate for the first time that Pristimerin significantly reduces vessel density in synovial membrane tissues of inflamed joints and reduces the expression of pro-angiogenic factors in sera, including TNF-α, Ang-1, and MMP-9. Pristimerin also decreased the expression of VEGF and p-VEGFR2 in the synovial membrane, whereas the total amount of VEGFR2 remained unchanged. Pristimerin suppressed the sprouting vessels of the aortic ring and inhibited VEGF-induced HFLS-RA migration in vitro. Pristimerin also inhibited VEGF-induced proliferation, migration and tube formation by HUVECs, blocked the autophosphorylation of VEGF-induced VEGFR2 and consequently downregulated the signaling pathways of activated PI3K, AKT, mTOR, ERK1/2, JNK, and p38 in VEGF-induced HUVECs. Our results indicate that Pristimerin suppressed synovial angiogenesis in our rat model and in vitro by interrupting the targeting of VEGFR2 activation. Therefore, Pristimerin has potential as an angiogenesis inhibitor in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiudi Deng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Shutong Bai
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Wanjiao Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Li Tong
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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Li SQ, Wan XD, Zhu S, Han HM, Xu ZS, Lu HJ. Establishment of a new animal model of azithromycin-induced liver injury and study the molecular pathological change during the process. Hum Exp Toxicol 2015. [PMID: 26205530 DOI: 10.1177/0960327115595684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study is to establish a new animal model of azithromycin (AZ)-induced liver injury and study the molecular pathological change during the process. First, mice were respectively injected intraperitoneally with AZ of different high doses. Our results showed that 800 mg/kg AZ injection significantly induced liver injury in the mice, which reflected an ideal process of liver injury and repair. In this study, we analyzed the molecular pathological changes during the process by hematoxylin and eosin staining, immunohistochemistry, Western blot, and quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in the liver of mice at 0, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h after 800 mg/kg injection. Our results showed that the expression of heat shock protein 70, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, vascular endothelial growth factor, caspase 3, and cytochrome P450 2E1 were significantly differently expressed during liver injury induced by 800 mg/kg AZ in mice. Our results will be conducive for further study of the pathogenesis and prevention of drug-induced liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-Q Li
- The Molecular Medicine Key Laboratory of Liver Injury and Repair, Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, People's Republic of China
| | - X-D Wan
- The Molecular Medicine Key Laboratory of Liver Injury and Repair, Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, People's Republic of China
| | - S Zhu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, China
| | - H-M Han
- The Molecular Medicine Key Laboratory of Liver Injury and Repair, Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Z-S Xu
- The Molecular Medicine Key Laboratory of Liver Injury and Repair, Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, People's Republic of China
| | - H-J Lu
- The Molecular Medicine Key Laboratory of Liver Injury and Repair, Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, People's Republic of China
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Li SQ, Wang DM, Zhu S, Ma Z, Li RF, Xu ZS, Han HM. The important role of ADAM8 in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma induced by diethylnitrosamine in mice. Hum Exp Toxicol 2015; 34:1053-72. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327114567767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This study focuses on investigating the concrete role of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 8 (ADAM8) in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Mice received anti-ADAM8 monoclonal antibody (mAb) of 100 μg/100 μl, 200 μg/100 μl or 300 μg/100 μl, respectively, in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or PBS intervention during the progression of HCC induced by diethylnitrosamine. The survival rate, body weight, and relative liver weight were determined in the mice. Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and α-fetoprotein (AFP) level, hematoxylin–eosin staining, the expression level of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), caspase 3 (Casp3), B cell leukemia 2 (Bcl2), B cell leukemia 2-associated X protein (Bax), protein p53 (P53), and ADAM8 were detected in the mice at the end of the 24th week. Our results showed that anti-ADAM8 mAb intervention effectively improved the survival rate, reduced the body weight loss and increased the relative liver weight in mice in a dose-dependent manner ( p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). Anti-ADAM8 mAb intervention also significantly lowered serum AST, ALT, and AFP levels ( p < 0.05 or p < 0.01), slowed the progression of HCC ( p < 0.05 or p < 0.01), induced the expression of Casp3, Bax, and P53 ( p < 0.05 or p < 0.01), and inhibited the expression of VEGF-A, PCNA, and Bcl2 in the liver of mice ( p < 0.05 or p < 0.01) in a dose-dependent manner compared with the mice receiving PBS intervention. Our study suggested that ADAM8 might promote the progression of HCC by regulating the expression of these factors. Anti-ADAM8 mAb intervention might be suitable as a potential method for HCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-Q Li
- The Molecular Medicine Key Laboratory of Liver Injury and Repair, Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - D-M Wang
- The Molecular Medicine Key Laboratory of Liver Injury and Repair, Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - S Zhu
- Department of Microbiology Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, People’s Republic of China
| | - Z Ma
- The Molecular Medicine Key Laboratory of Liver Injury and Repair, Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - R-F Li
- The Molecular Medicine Key Laboratory of Liver Injury and Repair, Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Z-S Xu
- The Molecular Medicine Key Laboratory of Liver Injury and Repair, Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - H-M Han
- The Molecular Medicine Key Laboratory of Liver Injury and Repair, Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, People’s Republic of China
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Datta-Mitra A, Riar NK, Raychaudhuri SP. Remission of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis during bevacizumab therapy for renal cell cancer. Indian J Dermatol 2014; 59:632. [PMID: 25484418 PMCID: PMC4248526 DOI: 10.4103/0019-5154.143574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Bevacizumab, a monoclonal antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), is employed for treatment of several cancers and retinopathies. Although previous reports of remission of psoriasis with bevacizumab do exist, but its current experience for psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is still limited. In this report, we describe a patient with metastatic renal cell cancer, psoriasis and PsA, who experienced a complete remission of psoriasis and PsA during bevacizumab therapy without any other management for psoriasis and PsA. We also found a flare up of his psoriatic disease after switching to other kinase inhibitors like sorafenib or sunitinib. This suggests that bevacizumab might have a promising future in the treatment of psoriasis and PsA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananaya Datta-Mitra
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California Davis, School of Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA ; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California Davis, VA Medical Centre Sacramento, Mather, CA 95655, USA
| | - Navdeep K Riar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hospital Medicine, University of California Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Siba P Raychaudhuri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California Davis, School of Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA ; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California Davis, VA Medical Centre Sacramento, Mather, CA 95655, USA
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Li SQ, Zhu S, Wan XD, Xu ZS, Ma Z. Neutralization of ADAM8 ameliorates liver injury and accelerates liver repair in carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver injury. J Toxicol Sci 2014; 39:339-51. [PMID: 24646716 DOI: 10.2131/jts.39.339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Although some studies have described the function of ADAM8 (a disintegrin and metalloprotease 8) related with rheumatoid arthritis, cancer and asthma, etc., the concrete role of ADAM8 in acute liver injury is still unknown. So mice respectively received anti-ADAM8 monoclonal antibody (mAb) of 100 μg/100 μl, 200 μg/100 μl or 300 μg/100 μl in PBS or PBS pre-injection. Then acute liver injury was induced in the mice by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄). Serum AST and ALT level, Haematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining, the expression level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were detected in the mice after CCl4 administration. Our results showed that anti-ADAM8 mAb pre-injection could effectively lower AST and ALT levels (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) and reduce liver injury (P < 0.05 or P <0.01), induce the expression of VEGF, CYP1A2 and PCNA (P <0.05 or P < 0.01) in dose-dependent manner compared with the control mice which received PBS pre-injection. In summary, our study suggested that ADAM8 might promote liver injury by inhibiting the proliferation of hepatocytes, angiogenesis and affecting the metabolism function of liver during acute liver injury induced by CCl₄. Anti-ADAM8 mAb injection might be suitable as a potential method for acute liver injury therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- San-Qiang Li
- The Molecular Medicine Key Laboratory of Liver Injury and Repair, Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, China
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Maretzky T, Blobel CP, Guaiquil V. Characterization of oxygen-induced retinopathy in mice carrying an inactivating point mutation in the catalytic site of ADAM15. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2014; 55:6774-82. [PMID: 25249606 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.14-14472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Retinal neovascularization is found in diseases such as macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, or retinopathy of prematurity and is usually caused by alterations in oxygen supply. We have previously described that mice lacking the membrane-anchored metalloproteinase ADAM15 (a Disintegrin and Metalloprotease 15) have decreased pathological neovascularization of the retina in the oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) model. The main purpose of the present study was to determine the contribution of the catalytic activity of ADAM15 to OIR. METHODS To address this question, we generated knock-in mice carrying an inactivating Glutamate to Alanine (E>A) point mutation in the catalytic site of ADAM15 (Adam15E>A mice) and subjected these animals to the OIR model and a heterotopic tumor model. Moreover, we used cell-based assays to determine whether ADAM15 can process cell surface receptors involved in angiogenesis. RESULTS We found that pathological neovascularization in the OIR model in Adam15E>A mice was comparable to that observed in wild type mice, but tumor implantation by heterotopically injected melanoma cells was reduced. In cell-based assays, overexpressed ADAM15 could process the FGFR2iiib, but was unable to process several receptors with roles in angiogenesis. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, these results suggest that the catalytic activity of ADAM15 is not crucial for its function in promoting pathological neovascularization in the mouse OIR model, most likely because of the very limited substrate repertoire of ADAM15. Instead, other noncatalytic functions of ADAM15 must be important for its role in the OIR model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten Maretzky
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, United States
| | - Carl P Blobel
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, United States Departments of Medicine and of Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology, Weill-Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, United States
| | - Victor Guaiquil
- The Margaret M. Dyson Vision Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Weill-Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, United States
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Significance of serum levels of angiopoietin-2 and its relationship to Doppler ultrasonographic findings in rheumatoid arthritis patients. EGYPTIAN RHEUMATOLOGIST 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejr.2013.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Maruotti N, Cantatore FP, Ribatti D. Putative effects of potentially anti-angiogenic drugs in rheumatic diseases. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2013; 70:135-40. [PMID: 24196651 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-013-1605-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A role for angiogenesis has been described in several rheumatic diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, systemic sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, vasculitides, and osteoarthritis, leading to the possibility that angiogenesis inhibition may be an additional useful therapeutic arm. While the role of anti-angiogenic therapy in rheumatoid arthritis has received attention, it is conceivable that the inhibition of pathological angiogenesis may also be a useful therapeutical approach in other rheumatic diseases. Numerous compounds, such as, for example, various interleukins, antibodies directed against angiogenic factors, peptides, estrogen metabolites, disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs, have been found to have anti-angiogenic properties. However, additional research is needed to obtain a clear understanding of the pathogenic mechanism of angiogenesis and the potential applications of anti-angiogenic therapy in rheumatic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Maruotti
- Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia Medical School, Foggia, Italy
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Khong TL, Thairu N, Larsen H, Dawson PM, Kiriakidis S, Paleolog EM. Identification of the angiogenic gene signature induced by EGF and hypoxia in colorectal cancer. BMC Cancer 2013; 13:518. [PMID: 24180698 PMCID: PMC4228238 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-13-518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is characterised by hypoxia, which activates gene transcription through hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF), as well as by expression of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and EGF receptors, targeting of which has been demonstrated to provide therapeutic benefit in CRC. Although EGF has been demonstrated to induce expression of angiogenic mediators, potential interactions in CRC between EGF-mediated signalling and the hypoxia/HIF pathway remain uncharacterised. METHODS PCR-based profiling was applied to identify angiogenic genes in Caco-2 CRC cells regulated by hypoxia, the hypoxia mimetic dimethyloxallylglycine (DMOG) and/or EGF. Western blotting was used to determine the role of HIF-1alpha, HIF-2alpha and MAPK cell signalling in mediating the angiogenic responses. RESULTS We identified a total of 9 angiogenic genes, including angiopoietin-like (ANGPTL) 4, ephrin (EFNA) 3, transforming growth factor (TGF) β1 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), to be upregulated in a HIF dependent manner in Caco-2 CRC cells in response to both hypoxia and the hypoxia mimetic dimethyloxallylglycine (DMOG). Stimulation with EGF resulted in EGFR tyrosine autophosphorylation, activation of p42/p44 MAP kinases and stabilisation of HIF-1α and HIF-2α proteins. However, expression of 84 angiogenic genes remained unchanged in response to EGF alone. Crucially, addition of DMOG in combination with EGF significantly increased expression of a further 11 genes (in addition to the 9 genes upregulated in response to either DMOG alone or hypoxia alone). These additional genes included chemokines (CCL-11/eotaxin-1 and interleukin-8), collagen type IV α3 chain, integrin β3 chain, TGFα and VEGF receptor KDR. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that although EGFR phosphorylation activates the MAP kinase signalling and promotes HIF stabilisation in CRC, this alone is not sufficient to induce angiogenic gene expression. In contrast, HIF activation downstream of hypoxia/DMOG drives expression of genes such as ANGPTL4, EFNA3, TGFβ1 and VEGF. Finally, HIF activation synergises with EGF-mediated signalling to additionally induce a unique sub-group of candidate angiogenic genes. Our data highlight the complex interrelationship between tumour hypoxia, EGF and angiogenesis in the pathogenesis of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ewa M Paleolog
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK.
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Raatz Y, Ibrahim S, Feldmann M, Paleolog EM. Gene expression profiling and functional analysis of angiogenic markers in murine collagen-induced arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2012; 14:R169. [PMID: 22817681 PMCID: PMC3580563 DOI: 10.1186/ar3922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2011] [Accepted: 07/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Dysregulated angiogenesis is implicated in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). To provide a more profound understanding of arthritis-associated angiogenesis, we evaluated the expression of angiogenesis-modulating genes at onset, peak and declining phases of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), a well-established mouse model for RA. Methods CIA was induced in DBA/1 mice with type II collagen. Functional capillary density in synovial tissue of knee joints was determined by intravital fluorescence microscopy. To assess the ability of arthritic joint homogenates to induce angiogenesis, an endothelial chemotaxis assay and an in vivo matrigel plug assay were employed. The temporal expression profile of angiogenesis-related genes in arthritic paws was analysed by quantitative real-time RT-PCR using an angiogenesis focused array as well as gene specific PCR. Finally, we investigated the therapeutic effect of a monoclonal antibody specifically blocking the binding of VEGF to neuropilin (NRP)-1. Results Although arthritic paw homogenates displayed angiogenic activity in vitro and in vivo, and synovia of arthritic paws appeared highly vascularised on histological examination, the functional capillary density in arthritic knee synovia was significantly decreased, whereas capillary diameter was increased. Of the 84 genes analysed, 41 displayed a differential expression in arthritic paws as compared to control paws. Most significant alterations were seen at the peak of clinical arthritis. Increased mRNA expression could be observed for VEGF receptors (Flt-1, Flk-1, Nrp-1, Nrp-2), as well as for midkine, hepatocyte growth factor, insulin-like growth factor-1 and angiopoietin-1. Signalling through NRP-1 accounted in part for the chemotactic activity for endothelial cells observed in arthritic paw homogenates. Importantly, therapeutic administration of anti-NRP1B antibody significantly reduced disease severity and progression in CIA mice. Conclusions Our findings confirm that the arthritic synovium in murine CIA is a site of active angiogenesis, but an altered balance in the expression of angiogenic factors seems to favour the formation of non-functional and dilated capillaries. Furthermore, our results validate NRP-1 as a key player in the pathogenesis of CIA, and support the VEGF/VEGF receptor pathway as a potential therapeutic target in RA.
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Kamperidis P, Kamalati T, Ferrari M, Jones M, Garrood T, Smith MD, Diez-Posada S, Hughes C, Finucane C, Mather S, Nissim A, George AJT, Pitzalis C. Development of a novel recombinant biotherapeutic with applications in targeted therapy of human arthritis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 63:3758-67. [PMID: 21953304 DOI: 10.1002/art.30650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To isolate recombinant antibodies with specificity for human arthritic synovium and to develop targeting reagents with joint-specific delivery capacity for therapeutic and/or diagnostic applications. METHODS In vivo single-chain Fv (scFv) antibody phage display screening using a human synovial xenograft model was used to isolate antibodies specific to the microvasculature of human arthritic synovium. Single-chain Fv antibody tissue-specific reactivity was assessed by immunostaining of synovial tissues from normal controls and from patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, normal human tissue arrays, and tissues from other patients with inflammatory diseases displaying neovasculogenesis. In vivo scFv antibody tissue-specific targeting capacity was examined in the human synovial xenograft model using both (125)I-labeled and biotinylated antibody. RESULTS We isolated a novel recombinant human antibody, scFv A7, with specificity for the microvasculature of human arthritic synovium. We showed that in vivo, this antibody could efficiently target human synovial microvasculature in SCID mice transplanted with human arthritic synovial xenografts. Our results demonstrated that scFv A7 antibody had no reactivity with the microvasculature or with other cellular components found in a comprehensive range of normal human tissues including normal human synovium. Further, we showed that the reactivity of the scFv A7 antibody was not a common feature of neovasculogenesis associated with chronic inflammatory conditions. CONCLUSION Here we report for the first time the identification of an scFv antibody, A7, that specifically recognizes an epitope expressed in the microvasculature of human arthritic synovium and that has the potential to be developed as a joint-specific pharmaceutical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Kamperidis
- Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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Akhavani MA, Paleolog EM, Kang N. Muscle hypoxia in rheumatoid hands: does it play a role in ulnar drift? J Hand Surg Am 2011; 36:677-85. [PMID: 21463729 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2011.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2010] [Revised: 01/23/2011] [Accepted: 01/24/2011] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The cause of ulnar drift in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is unknown. It may occur because of external forces applied to the fingers during normal use. Alternatively, it may arise after changes in the internal forces on the anatomy of the digits owing to alterations in the supporting structures of the joints or their control mechanisms, or both. Intrinsic muscle tightness, which is commonly seen in RA hands, may be the result of adaptive shortening or a direct consequence of RA. Previous studies carried out by our group have shown that joints, tendons, and associated synovium in RA hands are consistently hypoxic. Therefore, we formed the hypothesis that there is a difference in hand/forearm muscle oxygen tension in RA versus non-RA. METHODS We measured tissue oxygen levels in the intrinsic muscles of the hands and forearm muscles of 29 patients with a diagnosis of RA, who were undergoing elective surgery. We measured oxygen levels using a microelectrode technique. A total of 31 patients without RA undergoing elective surgery served as matched controls. RESULTS Our results show that the intrinsic muscles of RA patients are significantly more hypoxic than in non-RA controls. Moreover, there is a trend in the RA group for increasing hypoxia in a radial-to-ulnar direction when comparing the different intrinsic muscle groups. We also demonstrate that forearm and thenar and hypothenar muscles are significantly more hypoxic in RA versus non-RA patients. CONCLUSIONS The intrinsic muscle weakness, intrinsic tightness, and muscle wasting observed in RA may not be due to disuse atrophy resulting from joint disease. From our data, we speculate that these changes may be the result of direct muscular involvement in RA leading to muscle hypoxia.
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Angiogenesis as a therapeutic target in arthritis in 2011: learning the lessons of the colorectal cancer experience. Angiogenesis 2011; 14:223-34. [DOI: 10.1007/s10456-011-9208-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2010] [Accepted: 03/13/2011] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Semerano L, Clavel G, Assier E, Denys A, Boissier MC. Blood vessels, a potential therapeutic target in rheumatoid arthritis? Joint Bone Spine 2010; 78:118-23. [PMID: 20851025 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2010.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2010] [Accepted: 06/23/2010] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
New micro-vessels formation within synovium and macro-vessels endothelial damage with atheroma are two major features of rheumatoid arthritis, the former related to the articular involvement of the disease, the latter to its main systemic complication. The similarities between pannus development and solid tumors growth, and the efficacy of anti-angiogenic treatments in oncology, opened the perspective of directly targeting angiogenesis in arthritis. Nevertheless, despite the success of different anti-angiogenic therapeutic strategies in many arthritis experimental models, the application in human disease is still lacking. Recent data suggest that synovial neoangiogenesis and macro-vessels endothelial damage might be two linked phenomena. While synovial angiogenesis seems to be detrimental to endothelial damage repair, even anti-angiogenic treatments might paradoxically aggravate macro-vascular disease, especially in the context of uncontrolled inflammation. These elements induce to further explore the interconnections between inflammation and angiogenesis on one side and between micro- and macro-vascular diseases on the other, in order to establish the proper way to therapeutically target blood vessels in rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Semerano
- Department of Rheumatology, Avicenne Hospital, AP-HP, Bobigny, France.
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Cutolo M, Villaggio B, Pizzorni C, Paolino S, Moretti S, Gallo F, Bonassi S, Sulli A, Seriolo B, Montagna P, Soldano S. Inflammatory gene profile in early rheumatoid arthritis and modulation by leflunomide and prednisone treatment. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2010; 1193:15-21. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.05297.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kennedy A, Ng CT, Biniecka M, Saber T, Taylor C, O'Sullivan J, Veale DJ, Fearon U. Angiogenesis and blood vessel stability in inflammatory arthritis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 62:711-21. [DOI: 10.1002/art.27287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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ADAM8 is a negative regulator of retinal neovascularization and of the growth of heterotopically injected tumor cells in mice. J Mol Med (Berl) 2010; 88:497-505. [PMID: 20119708 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-010-0591-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2009] [Revised: 12/11/2009] [Accepted: 12/25/2009] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
ADAM8 is a member of the "a disintegrin and metalloproteinase" (ADAM) family of membrane-anchored metalloproteinases. ADAM8-deficient mice have no evident spontaneous developmental or pathological defects, and little is currently known about the role of ADAM8 in disease. Here, we investigated the contribution of ADAM8 to pathological neovascularization in mice using an oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) model and heterotopical injection of tumor cells. We found an increase in retinal re-vascularization but fewer neovascular tufts in the OIR model and increased growth of heterotopically injected tumor cells in Adam8-/- mice compared with wild-type controls. These results suggest that ADAM8 functions to limit both of these processes in wild-type mice. In cell-based assays, overexpression of ADAM8 increased the ectodomain shedding of several co-expressed membrane proteins with roles in angiogenesis (CD31, Tie-2, Flk-1, Flt-1, EphrinB2, EphB4, VE-cadherin, KL-1, E-selectin, and neuregulin-1beta2). Thus, dysregulated expression of ADAM8 in endothelial cells in vivo could potentially increase the processing of these and other substrate proteins. Taken together, our findings suggest that inhibiting ADAM8 could be useful for promoting re-vascularization and thereby preventing formation of neovascular tufts in proliferative retinopathies. On the other hand, blocking ADAM8 could be detrimental in the context of rapidly growing tumors.
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Weskamp G, Mendelson K, Swendeman S, Le Gall S, Ma Y, Lyman S, Hinoki A, Eguchi S, Guaiquil V, Horiuchi K, Blobel CP. Pathological neovascularization is reduced by inactivation of ADAM17 in endothelial cells but not in pericytes. Circ Res 2010; 106:932-40. [PMID: 20110534 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.109.207415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Pathological neovascularization is a critical component of diseases such as proliferative retinopathies, cancer and rheumatoid arthritis, yet much remains to be learned about the underlying causes. Previous studies showed that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A activates the membrane-anchored metalloproteinase ADAM17 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17) in endothelial cells, thereby stimulating crosstalk between VEGF receptor 2 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase. These findings raised interesting questions about the role of ADAM17 in angiogenesis and neovascularization in vivo. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to inactivate ADAM17 in endothelial cells or in pericytes to determine how this affects developmental angiogenesis, pathological retinal neovascularization and heterotopic tumor growth. METHODS AND RESULTS We generated animals in which floxed ADAM17 was removed by Tie2-Cre in endothelial cells, or by smooth muscle (sm) Cre in smooth muscle cells and pericytes. There were no evident developmental defects in either conditional knockout strain, but pathological retinal neovascularization and growth of heterotopically injected tumor cells was reduced in Adam17flox/flox/Tie2-Cre mice, although not in Adam17flox/flox/sm-Cre mice. Moreover, lack of ADAM17 in endothelial cells decreased ex vivo chord formation, and this could be largely restored by addition of the ADAM17 substrate HB-EGF (heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor). Finally we found that ADAM17 is important for the VEGF receptor 2 stimulated processing of several receptors with known functions in endothelial cell biology. CONCLUSIONS These results provide the first evidence for a role for ADAM17 in pathological neovascularization in vivo. Because ADAM17 does not appear to be required for normal developmental angiogenesis or vascular homeostasis, it could emerge as a good target for treatment of pathological neovascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisela Weskamp
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, Caspary Research Building, Room 426, Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 E 70th St, New York, NY 10021, USA
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Shankar J, Thippegowda PB, Kanum SA. Inhibition of HIF-1alpha activity by BP-1 ameliorates adjuvant induced arthritis in rats. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2009; 387:223-8. [PMID: 19664474 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.01.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2009] [Accepted: 01/15/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory, angiogenic disease. Inflamed synovitis is a hallmark of RA which is hypoxic in nature. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), one of the key regulators of angiogenesis, is overexpressed in the pathogenesis of RA. VEGF expression is regulated by hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha), a master regulator of homeostasis which plays a pivotal role in hypoxia-induced angiogenesis. In this study we show that synthetic benzophenone analogue, 2-benzoyl-phenoxy acetamide (BP-1) can act as a novel anti-arthritic agent in an experimental adjuvant induced arthritis (AIA) rat model by targeting VEGF and HIF-1alpha. BP-1 administered hypoxic endothelial cells and arthritic animals clearly showed down regulation of VEGF expression. Further, BP-1 inhibits nuclear translocation of HIF-1alpha, which in turn suppresses transcription of the VEGF gene. These results suggest a further possible clinical application of the BP-1 derivative as an anti-arthritic agent in association with conventional chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Shankar
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, USA
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Li X, Yonenaga Y, Seki T. Shortened ALK1 regulatory fragment maintains a specific activity in arteries feeding ischemic tissues. Gene Ther 2009; 16:1034-41. [DOI: 10.1038/gt.2009.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Hypoxia upregulates angiogenesis and synovial cell migration in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2009; 11:R64. [PMID: 19426483 PMCID: PMC2714109 DOI: 10.1186/ar2689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2008] [Revised: 03/18/2009] [Accepted: 05/08/2009] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterised by invasion of cartilage, bone and tendon by inflamed synovium. Previous studies in our laboratory have shown that hypoxia is a feature of RA synovitis. In the present study, we investigated the consequences of hypoxia on angiogenesis and synovial fibroblast migration in RA. METHODS Synovial tissue was harvested from RA patients, and synovial membrane cells were cultured under conditions either of hypoxia (1% oxygen) or normoxia (21% oxygen). Protein levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and angiogenic factors were measured, while RNA was extracted for PCR quantification of MMPs/tissue inhibitors of MMP (TIMPs) and angiogenic factors. Migration of RA synovial fibroblasts through collagen, and the effect of RA synovial cell supernatants in an in vitro angiogenesis assay, were utilised to determine the functional relevance of changes in mRNA/protein. RESULTS We observed upregulation under hypoxic conditions of MMPs responsible for collagen breakdown, specifically collagenase MMP-8, and the gelatinases MMP-2 and MMP-9, at both mRNA and protein levels. Increased MT1-MMP mRNA was also observed, but no effect on TIMP-1 or TIMP-2 was detected. RA fibroblast migration across collagen was significantly increased under hypoxic conditions, and was dependent on MMP activity. Furthermore, expression of angiogenic stimuli, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and VEGF/placental growth factor heterodimer, was also increased. Crucially, we show for the first time that hypoxia increased the angiogenic drive of RA cells, as demonstrated by enhanced blood vessel formation in an in vitro angiogenesis assay. CONCLUSIONS Hypoxia may be responsible for rendering RA synovial lining proangiogenic and proinvasive, thus leading to the debilitating features characteristic of RA.
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Abstract
Pathological ocular neovascularization, caused by diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, or retinopathy of prematurity, is a leading cause of blindness, yet much remains to be learned about its underlying causes. Here we used oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) and laser-induced choroidal neovascularization (CNV) to assess the contribution of the metalloprotease-disintegrin ADAM9 to ocular neovascularization in mice. Pathological neovascularization in both the OIR and CNV models was significantly reduced in Adam9(-/-) mice compared to wild-type controls. In addition, the level of ADAM9 expression was strongly increased in endothelial cells in pathological vascular tufts in the OIR model. Moreover, tumor growth from heterotopically injected B16F0 melanoma cells was reduced in Adam9(-/-) mice compared to controls. In cell-based assays, the overexpression of ADAM9 enhanced the ectodomain shedding of EphB4, Tie-2, Flk-1, CD40, VCAM, and VE-cadherin, so the enhanced expression of ADAM9 could potentially affect pathological neovascularization by increasing the shedding of these and other membrane proteins from endothelial cells. Finally, we provide the first evidence for the upregulation of ADAM9-dependent shedding by reactive oxygen species, which in turn are known to play a critical role in OIR. Collectively, these results suggest that ADAM9 could be an attractive target for the prevention of proliferative retinopathies, CNV, and cancer.
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Abstract
Neurotrophins were christened in consideration of their actions on the nervous system and, for a long time, they were the exclusive interest of neuroscientists. However, more recently, this family of proteins has been shown to possess essential cardiovascular functions. During cardiovascular development, neurotrophins and their receptors are essential factors in the formation of the heart and critical regulator of vascular development. Postnatally, neurotrophins control the survival of endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, and cardiomyocytes and regulate angiogenesis and vasculogenesis, by autocrine and paracrine mechanisms. Recent studies suggest the capacity of neurotrophins, via their tropomyosin-kinase receptors, to promote therapeutic neovascularization in animal models of hindlimb ischemia. Conversely, the neurotrophin low-affinity p75(NTR) receptor induces apoptosis of endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells and impairs angiogenesis. Finally, nerve growth factor looks particularly promising in treating microvascular complications of diabetes or reducing cardiomyocyte apoptosis in the infarcted heart. These seminal discoveries have fuelled basic and translational research and thus opened a new field of investigation in cardiovascular medicine and therapeutics. Here, we review recent progress on the molecular signaling and roles played by neurotrophins in cardiovascular development, function, and pathology, and we discuss therapeutic potential of strategies based on neurotrophin manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Caporali
- Division of Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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Jin P, Zhang J, Sumariwalla PF, Ni I, Jorgensen B, Crawford D, Phillips S, Feldmann M, Shepard HM, Paleolog EM. Novel splice variants derived from the receptor tyrosine kinase superfamily are potential therapeutics for rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2008; 10:R73. [PMID: 18593464 PMCID: PMC2575619 DOI: 10.1186/ar2447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2008] [Revised: 06/25/2008] [Accepted: 07/01/2008] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite the advent of biological therapies for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, there is a compelling need to develop alternative therapeutic targets for nonresponders to existing treatments. Soluble receptors occur naturally in vivo, such as the splice variant of the cell surface receptor for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)--a key regulator of angiogenesis in rheumatoid arthritis. Bioinformatics analyses predict that the majority of human genes undergo alternative splicing, generating proteins--many of which may have regulatory functions. The objective of the present study was to identify alternative splice variants (ASV) from cell surface receptor genes, and to determine whether the novel proteins encoded exert therapeutic activity in an in vivo model of arthritis. METHODS To identify novel splice variants, we performed RT-PCR using an mRNA pool representing major human tissue types and tumors. Novel ASV were identified by alignment of each cloned sequence to its respective genomic sequence in comparison with full-length transcripts. To test whether these ASV have biologic activity, we characterized a subset of them for ligand binding, and for efficacy in an animal model of arthritis. The in vivo study was accomplished using adenoviruses expressing secreted ASV. RESULTS We cloned 60 novel human ASV from 21 genes, encoding cell surface receptors--many of which are known to be important in the regulation of angiogenesis. The ASV were characterized by exon extension, intron retention and alternative exon utilization. Efficient expression and secretion of selected ASV--corresponding to VEGF receptor type 1, VEGF receptor type 2, VEGF receptor type 3, angiopoietin receptor Tie1, Met (receptor for hepatocyte growth factor), colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor, platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta, fibroblast growth factor receptor 1, Kit, and RAGE--was demonstrated, together with binding to their cognate ligands. Importantly, ASV derived from VEGF receptor type 1 and Tie1, and to a lesser extent from VEGF receptor type 2 and fibroblast growth factor receptor 1, reduced clinical signs of arthritis in vivo. The reduction was paralleled by decreased joint inflammation and destruction. CONCLUSION The present study shows that unique ASV derived from receptors that play key roles in angiogenesis--namely, VEGF receptor type 1 and, for the first time, Tie1--can markedly reduce arthritis severity. More broadly, our results demonstrate that ASV are a source of novel proteins with therapeutic potential in diseases in which angiogenesis and cellular hyperplasia play a central role, such as rheumatoid arthritis.
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MESH Headings
- Angiopoietin-1/metabolism
- Animals
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/drug therapy
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Disease Models, Animal
- Endothelium, Vascular/cytology
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- Humans
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred DBA
- Neovascularization, Physiologic/physiology
- Protein Binding/physiology
- Protein Isoforms/metabolism
- Protein Isoforms/therapeutic use
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/metabolism
- Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/therapeutic use
- Receptor, TIE-1/metabolism
- Receptor, TIE-1/therapeutic use
- Severity of Illness Index
- Umbilical Veins/cytology
- Umbilical Veins/metabolism
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1/metabolism
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1/therapeutic use
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Jin
- Receptor BioLogix, Inc., Palo Alto, CA 94303, USA
| | - Juan Zhang
- Receptor BioLogix, Inc., Palo Alto, CA 94303, USA
| | - Percy F Sumariwalla
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W6 8LH, UK
| | - Irene Ni
- Receptor BioLogix, Inc., Palo Alto, CA 94303, USA
| | | | - Damian Crawford
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W6 8LH, UK
| | | | - Marc Feldmann
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W6 8LH, UK
| | | | - Ewa M Paleolog
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W6 8LH, UK
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