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Necrotizing Enterocolitis: The Role of Hypoxia, Gut Microbiome, and Microbial Metabolites. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032471. [PMID: 36768793 PMCID: PMC9917134 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a life-threatening disease that predominantly affects very low birth weight preterm infants. Development of NEC in preterm infants is accompanied by high mortality. Surgical treatment of NEC can be complicated by short bowel syndrome, intestinal failure, parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease, and neurodevelopmental delay. Issues surrounding pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment of NEC remain unclear. This review summarizes data on prenatal risk factors for NEC, the role of pre-eclampsia, and intrauterine growth retardation in the pathogenesis of NEC. The role of hypoxia in NEC is discussed. Recent data on the role of the intestinal microbiome in the development of NEC, and features of the metabolome that can serve as potential biomarkers, are presented. The Pseudomonadota phylum is known to be associated with NEC in preterm neonates, and the role of other bacteria and their metabolites in NEC pathogenesis is also discussed. The most promising approaches for preventing and treating NEC are summarized.
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Wang SH, Cheng JY, Tsai HH, Lo TC, Hung JT, Lin CC, Lee CW, Ho YH, Kuo HH, Yu AL, Yu J. Conformational alteration in glycan induces phospholipase Cβ1 activation and angiogenesis. J Biomed Sci 2022; 29:105. [PMID: 36517806 PMCID: PMC9753400 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-022-00889-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In endothelial cells, phospholipase C (PLC) β1-activated Ca2+ is a crucial second messenger for the signaling pathways governing angiogenesis. PLCβ1 is inactivated by complexing with an intracellular protein called translin-associated factor X (TRAX). This study demonstrates specific interactions between Globo H ceramide (GHCer) and TRAX, which highlight a new angiogenic control through PLCβ1 activation. METHODS Globo-series glycosphingolipids (GSLs), including GHCer and stage-specific embryonic antigen-3 ceramide (SSEA3Cer), were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Biacore for their binding with TRAX. Angiogenic activities of GSLs in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were evaluated. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was used to study conformations of GSLs and their molecular interactions with TRAX. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) analysis of HUVECs by confocal microscopy was used to validate the release of PLCβ1 from TRAX. Furthermore, the in vivo angiogenic activity of extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing GHCer was confirmed using subcutaneous Matrigel plug assay in mice. RESULTS The results of ELISA and Biacore analysis showed a stable complex between recombinant TRAX and synthetic GHCer with KD of 40.9 nM. In contrast, SSEA3Cer lacking a fucose residue of GHCer at the terminal showed ~ 1000-fold decrease in the binding affinity. These results were consistent with their angiogenic activities in HUVECs. The MD simulation indicated that TRAX interacted with the glycan moiety of GHCer at amino acid Q223, Q219, L142, S141, and E216. At equilibrium the stable complex maintained 4.6 ± 1.3 H-bonds. TRAX containing double mutations with Q223A and Q219A lost its ability to interact with GHCer in both MD simulation and Biacore assays. Removal of the terminal fucose from GHCer to become SSEA3Cer resulted in decreased H-bonding to 1.2 ± 1.0 by the MD simulation. Such specific H-bonding was due to the conformational alteration in the whole glycan which was affected by the presence or absence of the fucose moiety. In addition, ELISA, Biacore, and in-cell FRET assays confirmed the competition between GHCer and PLCβ1 for binding to TRAX. Furthermore, the Matrigel plug assay showed robust vessel formation in the plug containing tumor-secreted EVs or synthetic GHCer, but not in the plug with SSEA3Cer. The FRET analysis also indicated the disruption of colocalization of TRAX and PLCβ1 in cells by GHCer derived from EVs. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the fucose residue in GHCer dictated the glycan conformation for its complexing with TRAX to release TRAX-sequestered PLCβ1, leading to Ca2+ mobilization in endothelial cells and enhancing angiogenesis in tumor microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Hung Wang
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333 Taiwan
| | - Jing-Yan Cheng
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333 Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Hui Tsai
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333 Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chi Lo
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333 Taiwan
| | - Jung-Tung Hung
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333 Taiwan
| | - Chun-Cheng Lin
- grid.38348.340000 0004 0532 0580Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Wei Lee
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333 Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsuan Ho
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333 Taiwan
| | - Huan-Hsien Kuo
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333 Taiwan
| | - Alice L. Yu
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333 Taiwan ,grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Department of Pediatrics, University of California in San Diego, San Diego, CA USA
| | - John Yu
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333 Taiwan ,grid.28665.3f0000 0001 2287 1366Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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Keren A, Bertolini M, Keren Y, Ullmann Y, Paus R, Gilhar A. Human organ rejuvenation by VEGF-A: Lessons from the skin. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabm6756. [PMID: 35749494 PMCID: PMC9232104 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abm6756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Transplanting aged human skin onto young SCID/beige mice morphologically rejuvenates the xenotransplants. This is accompanied by angiogenesis, epidermal repigmentation, and substantial improvements in key aging-associated biomarkers, including ß-galactosidase, p16ink4a, SIRT1, PGC1α, collagen 17A, and MMP1. Angiogenesis- and hypoxia-related pathways, namely, vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) and HIF1A, are most up-regulated in rejuvenated human skin. This rejuvenation cascade, which can be prevented by VEGF-A-neutralizing antibodies, appears to be initiated by murine VEGF-A, which then up-regulates VEGF-A expression/secretion within aged human skin. While intradermally injected VEGF-loaded nanoparticles suffice to induce a molecular rejuvenation signature in aged human skin on old mice, VEGF-A treatment improves key aging parameters also in isolated, organ-cultured aged human skin, i.e., in the absence of functional skin vasculature, neural, or murine host inputs. This identifies VEGF-A as the first pharmacologically pliable master pathway for human organ rejuvenation in vivo and demonstrates the potential of our humanized mouse model for clinically relevant aging research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aviad Keren
- Skin Research Laboratory, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Marta Bertolini
- Monasterium Laboratory, Skin and Hair Research Solutions GmbH, Münster, Germany
| | - Yaniv Keren
- Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Yehuda Ullmann
- Skin Research Laboratory, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ralf Paus
- Monasterium Laboratory, Skin and Hair Research Solutions GmbH, Münster, Germany
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- CUTANEON–Skin & Hair Innovations, Hamburg, Germany
- Corresponding author. (A.G.); (R.P.)
| | - Amos Gilhar
- Skin Research Laboratory, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
- Corresponding author. (A.G.); (R.P.)
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Anti-Angiogenic Property of Free Human Oligosaccharides. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11060775. [PMID: 34064180 PMCID: PMC8224327 DOI: 10.3390/biom11060775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis, a fundamental process in human physiology and pathology, has attracted considerable attention owing to its potential as a therapeutic strategy. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptor (VEGFR) are deemed major mediators of angiogenesis. To date, inhibition of the VEGF-A/VEGFR-2 axis has been an effective strategy employed in the development of anticancer drugs. However, some limitations, such as low efficacy and side effects, need to be addressed. Several drug candidates have been discovered, including small molecule compounds, recombinant proteins, and oligosaccharides. In this review, we focus on human oligosaccharides as modulators of angiogenesis. In particular, sialylated human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) play a significant role in the inhibition of VEGFR-2-mediated angiogenesis. We discuss the structural features concerning the interaction between sialylated HMOs and VEGFR-2 as a molecular mechanism of anti-angiogenesis modulation and its effectiveness in vivo experiments. In the current state, extensive clinical trials are required to develop a novel VEGFR-2 inhibitor from sialylated HMOs.
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Saku A, Hirose K, Ito T, Iwata A, Sato T, Kaji H, Tamachi T, Suto A, Goto Y, Domino SE, Narimatsu H, Kiyono H, Nakajima H. Fucosyltransferase 2 induces lung epithelial fucosylation and exacerbates house dust mite-induced airway inflammation. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2019; 144:698-709.e9. [PMID: 31125592 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2019.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the pathognomonic features of asthma is epithelial hyperproduction of mucus, which is composed of a series of glycoproteins; however, it remains unclear how glycosylation is induced in lung epithelial cells from asthmatic patients and how glycan residues play a role in the pathogenesis of asthma. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to explore comprehensive epithelial glycosylation status induced by allergic inflammation and reveal its possible role in the pathogenesis of asthma. METHODS We evaluated the glycosylation status of lung epithelium using a lectin microarray. We next searched for molecular mechanisms underlying epithelial glycosylation. We also examined whether epithelial glycosylation is involved in induction of allergic inflammation. RESULTS On allergen inhalation, lung epithelial cells were heavily α(1,2)fucosylated by fucosyltransferase 2 (Fut2), which was induced by the IL-13-signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 pathway. Importantly, Fut2-deficient (Fut2-/-) mice, which lacked lung epithelial fucosylation, showed significantly attenuated eosinophilic inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness in house dust mite (HDM)-induced asthma models. Proteome analyses and immunostaining of the HDM-challenged lung identified that complement C3 was accumulated in fucosylated areas. Indeed, Fut2-/- mice showed significantly reduced levels of C3a and impaired accumulation of C3a receptor-expressing monocyte-derived dendritic cells in the lung on HDM challenge. CONCLUSION Fut2 induces epithelial fucosylation and exacerbates airway inflammation in asthmatic patients in part through C3a production and monocyte-derived dendritic cell accumulation in the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiko Saku
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Koichi Hirose
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Takashi Ito
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Arifumi Iwata
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takashi Sato
- Glycoscience and Glycotechnology Research Group, Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kaji
- Glycoscience and Glycotechnology Research Group, Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Tamachi
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akira Suto
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Goto
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Steven E Domino
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Hisashi Narimatsu
- Glycoscience and Glycotechnology Research Group, Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kiyono
- International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Division of Mucosal Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nakajima
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
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Du Y, Lu C, Morgan RL, Stinson WA, Campbell PL, Cealey E, Fu W, Lepore NJ, Hervoso JL, Cui H, Urquhart AG, Lawton JN, Chung KC, Fox DA, Amin MA. Angiogenic and Arthritogenic Properties of the Soluble Form of CD13. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 203:360-369. [PMID: 31189572 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1801276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Aminopeptidase N/CD13 is expressed by fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) and monocytes (MNs) in inflamed human synovial tissue (ST). This study examined the role of soluble CD13 (sCD13) in angiogenesis, MN migration, phosphorylation of signaling molecules, and induction of arthritis. The contribution of sCD13 was examined in angiogenesis and MN migration using sCD13 and CD13-depleted rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovial fluids (SFs). An enzymatically inactive mutant CD13 and intact wild-type (WT) CD13 were used to determine whether its enzymatic activity contributes to the arthritis-related functions. CD13-induced phosphorylation of signaling molecules was determined by Western blotting. The effect of sCD13 on cytokine secretion from RA ST and RA FLS was evaluated. sCD13 was injected into C57BL/6 mouse knees to assess its arthritogenicity. sCD13 induced angiogenesis and was a potent chemoattractant for MNs and U937 cells. Inhibitors of Erk1/2, Src, NF-κB, Jnk, and pertussis toxin, a G protein-coupled receptor inhibitor, decreased sCD13-stimulated chemotaxis. CD13-depleted RA SF induced significantly less MN migration than sham-depleted SF, and addition of mutant or WT CD13 to CD13-depleted RA SF equally restored MN migration. sCD13 and recombinant WT or mutant CD13 had similar effects on signaling molecule phosphorylation, indicating that the enzymatic activity of CD13 had no role in these functions. CD13 increased the expression of proinflammatory cytokines by RA FLS, and a CD13 neutralizing Ab inhibited cytokine secretion from RA ST organ culture. Mouse knee joints injected with CD13 exhibited increased circumference and proinflammatory mediator expression. These data support the concept that sCD13 plays a pivotal role in RA and acute inflammatory arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Du
- Division of Rheumatology, Clinical Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109.,Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.,National Center for Clinical Laboratories/Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Chenyang Lu
- Division of Rheumatology, Clinical Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Rachel L Morgan
- Division of Rheumatology, Clinical Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - William A Stinson
- Division of Rheumatology, Clinical Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Phillip L Campbell
- Division of Rheumatology, Clinical Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Ellen Cealey
- Division of Rheumatology, Clinical Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Wenyi Fu
- Division of Rheumatology, Clinical Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109.,Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110022, China; and
| | - Nicholas J Lepore
- Division of Rheumatology, Clinical Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Jonatan L Hervoso
- Division of Rheumatology, Clinical Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Huadong Cui
- Division of Rheumatology, Clinical Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109.,Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110022, China; and
| | - Andrew G Urquhart
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, A. Alfred Taubman Health Care Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Jeffrey N Lawton
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, A. Alfred Taubman Health Care Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Kevin C Chung
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, A. Alfred Taubman Health Care Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - David A Fox
- Division of Rheumatology, Clinical Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109;
| | - Mohammad A Amin
- Division of Rheumatology, Clinical Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
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Lai TY, Chen IJ, Lin RJ, Liao GS, Yeo HL, Ho CL, Wu JC, Chang NC, Lee ACL, Yu AL. Fucosyltransferase 1 and 2 play pivotal roles in breast cancer cells. Cell Death Discov 2019; 5:74. [PMID: 30854233 PMCID: PMC6403244 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-019-0145-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
FUT1 and FUT2 encode alpha 1, 2-fucosyltransferases which catalyze the addition of alpha 1, 2-linked fucose to glycans. Glycan products of FUT1 and FUT2, such as Globo H and Lewis Y, are highly expressed on malignant tissues, including breast cancer. Herein, we investigated the roles of FUT1 and FUT2 in breast cancer. Silencing of FUT1 or FUT2 by shRNAs inhibited cell proliferation in vitro and tumorigenicity in mice. This was associated with diminished properties of cancer stem cell (CSC), including mammosphere formation and CSC marker both in vitro and in xenografts. Silencing of FUT2, but not FUT1, significantly changed the cuboidal morphology to dense clusters of small and round cells with reduced adhesion to polystyrene and extracellular matrix, including laminin, fibronectin and collagen. Silencing of FUT1 or FUT2 suppressed cell migration in wound healing assay, whereas FUT1 and FUT2 overexpression increased cell migration and invasion in vitro and metastasis of breast cancer in vivo. A decrease in mesenchymal like markers such as fibronectin, vimentin, and twist, along with increased epithelial like marker, E-cadherin, was observed upon FUT1/2 knockdown, while the opposite was noted by overexpression of FUT1 or FUT2. As expected, FUT1 or FUT2 knockdown reduced Globo H, whereas FUT1 or FUT2 overexpression showed contrary effects. Exogenous addition of Globo H-ceramide reversed the suppression of cell migration by FUT1 knockdown but not the inhibition of cell adhesion by FUT2 silencing, suggesting that at least part of the effects of FUT1/2 knockdown were mediated by Globo H. Our results imply that FUT1 and FUT2 play important roles in regulating growth, adhesion, migration and CSC properties of breast cancer, and may serve as therapeutic targets for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai-Yu Lai
- Institute of Stem cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - I-Ju Chen
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ruey-Jen Lin
- Institute of Stem cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Guo-Shiou Liao
- Tri-service General Hospital, Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ling Yeo
- Institute of Stem cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Liang Ho
- Tri-service General Hospital, Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Chine Wu
- Institute of Stem cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Nai-Chuan Chang
- Institute of Stem cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Andy Chi-Lung Lee
- Institute of Stem cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Alice L. Yu
- Institute of Stem cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California in San Diego, San Diego, USA
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FUT4 is involved in PD-1-related immunosuppression and leads to worse survival in patients with operable lung adenocarcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2018; 145:65-76. [PMID: 30357521 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-018-2761-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE As an important glycosyltransferase, fucosyltransferase IV (FUT4) is abnormally upregulated in different types of cancers, but its clinical role remains inexplicit. This work aimed to determine the predictive ability of FUT4 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) after curative resection, as well as to explore the role of a possible FUT4 molecular mechanism on LUAD malignant behavior. METHODS A total of 273 LUAD patients after curative resection with complete clinicopathological and RNAseq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort were collected. Correlation of FUT4 with overall survival (OS) was analyzed based on TCGA and further validated by online "Kaplan-Meier Plotter" database and IHC in 70 LUAD patients recruited in the First Hospital of China Medical University cohort. Multivariate Cox regression analysis and 1000 bootstrapping were performed to verify the predictive value of FUT4. Gene set enrichment assay (GSEA) was performed to investigate the biological characteristics. Correlation between PD-1 and FUT4 was analyzed based on TCGA cohort and validated by IHC on cohort from our hospital. RESULTS Increased FUT4 expression led to reduced overall survival (OS) of LUAD patients based on TCGA (p = 0.006 and 0.001 for dichotomous and trichotomous modeling, respectively) and externally validated in KMPLOTTER (p = 0.01) and by IHC based on cohort from our hospital (p = 0.005 and p = 0.019 for dichotomous and trichotomous modeling, respectively). FUT4 overexpression was an independent high risk factor for OS along with advanced pT stage and pTNM stage (p = 0.001, p = 0.037, and p < 0.001, respectively). GSEA revealed that FUT4 overexpression might correlate with shortened survival of LUAD patients by promoting cell proliferation via ERBB signaling, and suppressing immune response-related pathways. FUT4 expression positively correlated with PD-1 in TCGA (p = 0.026) and validated by IHC on cohort from our hospital (p = 0.029). CONCLUSIONS Increased FUT4 expression led to reduced OS in operable LUAD. FUT4 showed significant correlation with immune response and PD-1 expression.
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O'Brien MJ, Shu Q, Stinson WA, Tsou PS, Ruth JH, Isozaki T, Campbell PL, Ohara RA, Koch AE, Fox DA, Amin MA. A unique role for galectin-9 in angiogenesis and inflammatory arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2018; 20:31. [PMID: 29433546 PMCID: PMC5809993 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-018-1519-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Galectin-9 (Gal-9) is a mammalian lectin secreted by endothelial cells that is highly expressed in rheumatoid arthritis synovial tissues and synovial fluid. Roles have been proposed for galectins in the regulation of inflammation and angiogenesis. Therefore, we examined the contribution of Gal-9 to angiogenesis and inflammation in arthritis. Methods To determine the role of Gal-9 in angiogenesis, we performed human dermal microvascular endothelial cell (HMVEC) chemotaxis, Matrigel tube formation, and mouse Matrigel plug angiogenesis assays. We also examined the role of signaling molecules in Gal-9-induced angiogenesis by using signaling inhibitors and small interfering RNA (siRNA). We performed monocyte (MN) migration assays in a modified Boyden chamber and assessed the arthritogenicity of Gal-9 by injecting Gal-9 into mouse knees. Results Gal-9 significantly increased HMVEC migration, which was decreased by inhibitors of extracellular signal-regulating kinases 1/2 (Erk1/2), p38, Janus kinase (Jnk), and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. Gal-9 HMVEC-induced tube formation was reduced by Erk1/2, p38, and Jnk inhibitors, and this was confirmed by siRNA knockdown. In mouse Matrigel plug assays, plugs containing Gal-9 induced significantly higher angiogenesis, which was attenuated by a Jnk inhibitor. Gal-9 also induced MN migration, and there was a marked increase in MN ingress when C57BL/6 mouse knees were injected with Gal-9 compared with the control, pointing to a proinflammatory role for Gal-9. Conclusions Gal-9 mediates angiogenesis, increases MN migration in vitro, and induces acute inflammatory arthritis in mice, suggesting a novel role for Gal-9 in angiogenesis, joint inflammation, and possibly other inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin J O'Brien
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, 4368 BSRB, 109 Zina Pitcher Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2200, USA
| | - Qiang Shu
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, 4368 BSRB, 109 Zina Pitcher Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2200, USA.,Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen, China.,Rheumatology Department, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - W Alexander Stinson
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, 4368 BSRB, 109 Zina Pitcher Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2200, USA
| | - Pei-Suen Tsou
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, 4368 BSRB, 109 Zina Pitcher Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2200, USA
| | - Jeffrey H Ruth
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, 4368 BSRB, 109 Zina Pitcher Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2200, USA
| | - Takeo Isozaki
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, 4368 BSRB, 109 Zina Pitcher Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2200, USA
| | - Phillip L Campbell
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, 4368 BSRB, 109 Zina Pitcher Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2200, USA
| | - Ray A Ohara
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, 4368 BSRB, 109 Zina Pitcher Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2200, USA
| | - Alisa E Koch
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, 4368 BSRB, 109 Zina Pitcher Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2200, USA.,Department of Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - David A Fox
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, 4368 BSRB, 109 Zina Pitcher Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2200, USA
| | - M Asif Amin
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, 4368 BSRB, 109 Zina Pitcher Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2200, USA.
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10
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Maroni L, Hohenester SD, van de Graaf SFJ, Tolenaars D, van Lienden K, Verheij J, Marzioni M, Karlsen TH, Oude Elferink RPJ, Beuers U. Knockout of the primary sclerosing cholangitis-risk gene Fut2 causes liver disease in mice. Hepatology 2017; 66:542-554. [PMID: 28056490 DOI: 10.1002/hep.29029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The etiopathogenesis of primary sclerosing cholangitis is unknown. Genetic variants of fucosyltransferase 2 (FUT2) have been identified in genome-wide association studies as risk factors for primary sclerosing cholangitis. We investigated the role of Fut2 in murine liver pathophysiology by studying Fut2-/- mice. Fut2-/- mice were viable and fertile, had lower body weight than wild-type (wt) littermates and gray fur. Half of the Fut2-/- mice showed serum bile salt levels 40 times higher than wt (Fut2-/-high ), whereas the remainder were normocholanemic (Fut2-/-low ). Fut2-/- mice showed normal serum liver tests, bile flow, biliary bile salt secretion, fecal bile salt loss, and expression of major hepatocellular bile salt transporters and cytochrome P450 7a1, the key regulator of bile salt synthesis, indicating that elevated serum bile salts in Fut2-/-high mice were not explained by cholestasis. Fut2-/-high mice, but not Fut2-/-low mice, were sensitive to hydrophobic bile salt feeding (0.3% glycochenodeoxycholate); they rapidly lost weight and showed elevation of serum liver tests (alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase) and areas of liver parenchymal necrosis. Histomorphological evaluation revealed the presence of paraportal shunting vessels, increased numbers of portal vascular structures, wall thickening of some portal arteries, and periductal fibrosis in Fut2-/-high mice more than Fut2-/-low mice and not wt mice. Unconjugated bilirubin and ammonia were or tended to be elevated in Fut2-/-high mice only. Portosystemic shunting was demonstrated by portal angiography, which disclosed virtually complete portosystemic shunting in Fut2-/-high mice, discrete portosystemic shunting in Fut2-/-low mice, and no shunting in wt littermates. CONCLUSION Liver pathology in Fut2-/- mice is dominated by consequences of portosystemic shunting resulting in microcirculatory disturbances, mild (secondary) periductal fibrosis, and sensitivity toward human bile salt toxicity. (Hepatology 2017;66:542-554).
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Maroni
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology and Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Gastroenterology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Simon D Hohenester
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology and Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Medicine II, University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Stan F J van de Graaf
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology and Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dagmar Tolenaars
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology and Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Krijn van Lienden
- Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joanne Verheij
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marco Marzioni
- Department of Gastroenterology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Tom H Karlsen
- Norwegian PSC Research Center and Section for Gastroenterology, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Division of Cancer Medicine, Surgery and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ronald P J Oude Elferink
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology and Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ulrich Beuers
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology and Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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11
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Amin MA, Campbell PL, Ruth JH, Isozaki T, Rabquer BJ, Alex Stinson W, O'Brien M, Edhayan G, Ohara RA, Vargo J, Domino SE, Koch AE. A key role for Fut1-regulated angiogenesis and ICAM-1 expression in K/BxN arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2015; 74:1459-66. [PMID: 24665114 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-204814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Angiogenesis contributes to the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. Fucosyltransferases (Futs) are involved in angiogenesis and tumour growth. Here, we examined the role of Fut1 in angiogenesis and K/BxN serum transfer arthritis. METHODS We examined Fut1 expression in human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HMVECs) by quantitative PCR. We performed a number of angiogenesis assays to determine the role of Fut1 using HMVECs, Fut1 null (Fut1(-/-)), and wild type (wt) endothelial cells (ECs) and mice. K/BxN serum transfer arthritis was performed to determine the contribution of Fut1-mediated angiogenesis in Fut1(-/-) and wt mice. A static adhesion assay was implemented with RAW264.7 (mouse macrophage cell line) and mouse ECs. Quantitative PCR, immunofluorescence and flow cytometry were performed with Fut1(-/-) and wt ECs for adhesion molecule expression. RESULTS Tumour necrosis factor-α induced Fut1 mRNA and protein expression in HMVECs. HMVECs transfected with Fut1 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide and Fut1(-/-) ECs formed significantly fewer tubes on Matrigel. Fut1(-/-) mice had reduced angiogenesis in Matrigel plug and sponge granuloma angiogenesis assays compared with wt mice. Fut1(-/-) mice were resistant to K/BxN serum transfer arthritis and had decreased angiogenesis and leucocyte ingress into inflamed joints. Adhesion of RAW264.7 cells to wt mouse ECs was significantly reduced when Fut1 was lacking. Fut1(-/-) ECs had decreased intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression at mRNA and protein levels compared with wt ECs. ICAM-1 was also decreased in Fut1(-/-) arthritic ankle cryosections compared with wt ankles. CONCLUSIONS Fut1 plays an important role in regulating angiogenesis and ICAM-1 expression in inflammatory arthritis.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Arthritis, Experimental/metabolism
- Arthritis, Experimental/pathology
- Arthritis, Experimental/physiopathology
- Cell Adhesion/physiology
- Cell Line
- Cells, Cultured
- Disease Models, Animal
- Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- Endothelium, Vascular/pathology
- Fucosyltransferases/deficiency
- Fucosyltransferases/genetics
- Fucosyltransferases/physiology
- Humans
- Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1/metabolism
- Macrophages/drug effects
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Macrophages/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/physiopathology
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/pharmacology
- Galactoside 2-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad A Amin
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Phillip L Campbell
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jeffrey H Ruth
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Takeo Isozaki
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Bradley J Rabquer
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - W Alex Stinson
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Martin O'Brien
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Gautam Edhayan
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Ray A Ohara
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jonathon Vargo
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Steven E Domino
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Alisa E Koch
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA Veteran's Administration, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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12
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Cheng JY, Wang SH, Lin J, Tsai YC, Yu J, Wu JC, Hung JT, Lin JJ, Wu YY, Yeh KT, Yu AL. Globo-H Ceramide Shed from Cancer Cells Triggers Translin-Associated Factor X-Dependent Angiogenesis. Cancer Res 2014; 74:6856-66. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-1651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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13
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Isozaki T, Amin MA, Ruth JH, Campbell PL, Tsou PS, Ha CM, Stinson WA, Domino SE, Koch AE. Fucosyltransferase 1 mediates angiogenesis in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2014; 66:2047-58. [PMID: 24692243 PMCID: PMC4426876 DOI: 10.1002/art.38648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the role of α(1,2)-linked fucosylation of proteins by fucosyltransferase 1 (FUT1) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) angiogenesis. METHODS Analysis of α(1,2)-linked fucosylated proteins in synovial tissue (ST) samples was performed by immunohistologic staining. Expression of α(1,2)-linked fucosylated angiogenic chemokine in synovial fluid (SF) was determined by immunoprecipitation and lectin blotting. To determine the angiogenic role of α(1,2)-linked fucosylated proteins in RA, we performed human dermal microvascular endothelial cell (HMVEC) chemotaxis and Matrigel assays using sham-depleted and α(1,2)-linked fucosylated protein-depleted RA SF samples. To examine the production of proangiogenic chemokines by FUT1 in HMVECs, cells were transfected with FUT1 sense or antisense oligonucleotides, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed. We then studied mouse lung endothelial cell (EC) chemotaxis using wild-type and FUT1 gene-deficient mouse lung ECs. RESULTS RA ST endothelial cells showed high expression of α(1,2)-linked fucosylated proteins compared to normal ST. The expression of α(1,2)-linked fucosylated monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1)/CCL2 was significantly elevated in RA SF compared with osteoarthritis SF. Depletion of α(1,2)-linked fucosylated proteins in RA SF induced less HMVEC migration and tube formation than occurred in sham-depleted RA SF. We found that blocking FUT1 expression in ECs resulted in decreased MCP-1/CCL2 and RANTES/CCL5 production. Finally, we showed that FUT1 regulates EC migration in response to vascular endothelial cell growth factor. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that α(1,2)-linked fucosylation by FUT1 may be an important new target for angiogenic diseases such as RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeo Isozaki
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Mohammad A. Amin
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Jeffrey H. Ruth
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | | | - Pei-Suen Tsou
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Christine M. Ha
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - W. Alex Stinson
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Steven E. Domino
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Alisa E. Koch
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
- VA Medical Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI
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