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Liu S, Zhou Y, Feng Y, Peng Q, Li Y, He C, Fang Z, Xiao Y, Fang W. A cost-saving, safe, and highly efficient natural mediator for laccase application on aflatoxin detoxification. Food Chem 2024; 455:139862. [PMID: 38833866 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Laccase mediators possess advantage of oxidizing substrates with high redox potentials, such as aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). High costs of chemically synthesized mediators limit laccase industrial application. In this study, thin stillage extract (TSE), a byproduct of corn-based ethanol fermentation was investigated as the potential natural mediator of laccases. Ferulic acid, p-coumaric acid, and vanillic acid were identified as the predominant phenolic compounds of TSE. With the assistance of 0.05 mM TSE, AFB1 degradation activity of novel laccase Glac1 increased by 17 times. The promoting efficiency of TSE was similar to ferulic acid, but superior to vanillic acid and p-coumaric acid, with 1.2- and 1.3-fold increases, respectively. After Glac1-TSE treatment, two oxidation products were identified. Ames test showed AFB1 degradation products lost mutagenicity. Meanwhile, TSE also showed 1.3-3.0 times promoting effect on laccase degradation activity in cereal flours. Collectively, a safe and highly efficient natural mediator was obtained for aflatoxin detoxification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenglong Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Jianghuai Agricultural product Fine processing and resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang Road West, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yan Feng
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Qixia Peng
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Yurong Li
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Cheng He
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Zemin Fang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Yazhong Xiao
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China.
| | - Wei Fang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China.
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Gan Z, Zhang X, Li M, Li X, Zhang X, Wang C, Xiao Y, Liu J, Fang Z. Seryl-tRNA Synthetase Shows a Noncanonical Activity of Upregulating Laccase Transcription in Trametes hirsuta AH28-2 Exposed to Copper Ion. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0076823. [PMID: 37395668 PMCID: PMC10433817 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00768-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The function of Seryl-tRNA synthetase in fungi during gene transcription regulation beyond translation has not been reported. Here, we report a seryl-tRNA synthetase, ThserRS, which can negatively regulate laccase lacA transcription in Trametes hirsuta AH28-2 under exposure to copper ion. ThserRS was obtained through yeast one-hybrid screening using a bait sequence of lacA promoter (-502 to -372 bp). ThserRS decreased while lacA increased at the transcription level in T. hirsuta AH28-2 in the first 36 h upon CuSO4 induction. Then, ThserRS was upregulated, and lacA was downregulated. ThserRS overexpression in T. hirsuta AH28-2 resulted in a decrement in lacA transcription and LacA activity. By comparison, ThserRS silencing led to increased LacA transcripts and activity. A minimum of a 32-bp DNA fragment containing two putative xenobiotic response elements could interact with ThserRS, with a dissociation constant of 919.9 nM. ThserRS localized in the cell cytoplasm and nucleus in T. hirsuta AH28-2 and was heterologously expressed in yeast. ThserRS overexpression also enhanced mycelial growth and oxidative stress resistance. The transcriptional level of several intracellular antioxidative enzymes in T. hirsuta AH28-2 was upregulated. Our results demonstrate a noncanonical activity of SerRS that acts as a transcriptional regulation factor to upregulate laccase expression at an early stage after exposure to copper ions. IMPORTANCE Seryl-tRNA synthetase is well known for the attachment of serine to the corresponding cognate tRNA during protein translation. In contrast, its functions beyond translation in microorganisms are underexplored. We performed in vitro and cell experiments to show that the seryl-tRNA synthetase in fungi with no UNE-S domain at the carboxyl terminus can enter the nucleus, directly interact with the promoter of the laccase gene, and negatively regulate the fungal laccase transcription early upon copper ion induction. Our study deepens our understanding of the Seryl-tRNA synthetase noncanonical activities in microorganisms. It also demonstrates a new transcription factor for fungal laccase transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Gan
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xueping Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Mengke Li
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xing Li
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xinlei Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Chenkai Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yazhong Xiao
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Juanjuan Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zemin Fang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Dörnte B, Peng C, Fang Z, Kamran A, Yulvizar C, Kües U. Selection markers for transformation of the sequenced reference monokaryon Okayama 7/#130 and homokaryon AmutBmut of Coprinopsis cinerea. Fungal Biol Biotechnol 2020; 7:15. [PMID: 33062286 PMCID: PMC7552465 DOI: 10.1186/s40694-020-00105-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Two reference strains have been sequenced from the mushroom Coprinopsis cinerea, monokaryon Okayama 7/#130 (OK130) and the self-compatible homokaryon AmutBmut. An adenine-auxotrophy in OK130 (ade8-1) and a para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA)-auxotrophy in AmutBmut (pab1-1) offer selection markers for transformations. Of these two strains, homokaryon AmutBmut had been transformed before to PABA-prototrophy and with the bacterial hygromycin resistance marker hph, respectively. RESULTS Gene ade8 encodes a bifunctional enzyme with an N-terminal glycinamide ribonucleotide synthase (GARS) and a C-terminal aminoimidazole ribonucleotide synthase (AIRS) domain required for steps 2 and 5 in the de novo biosynthesis of purines, respectively. In OK130, a missense mutation in ade8-1 rendered residue N231 for ribose recognition by the A loop of the GARS domain into D231. The new ade8 + vector pCcAde8 complements the auxotrophy of OK130 in transformations. Transformation rates with pCcAde8 in single-vector and co-transformations with ade8 +-selection were similarly high, unlike for trp1 + plasmids which exhibit suicidal feedback-effects in single-vector transformations with complementation of tryptophan synthase defects. As various other plasmids, unselected pCcAde8 helped in co-transformations of trp1 strains with a trp1 +-selection vector to overcome suicidal effects by transferred trp1 +. Co-transformation rates of pCcAde8 in OK130 under adenine selection with nuclear integration of unselected DNA were as high as 80% of clones. Co-transformation rates of expressed genes reached 26-42% for various laccase genes and up to 67% with lcc9 silencing vectors. The bacterial gene hph can also be used as another, albeit less efficient, selection marker for OK130 transformants, but with similarly high co-transformation rates. We further show that the pab1-1 defect in AmutBmut is due to a missense mutation which changed the conserved PIKGT motif for chorismate binding in the C-terminal PabB domain to PIEGT in the mutated 4-amino-4-deoxychorismate synthase. CONCLUSIONS ade8-1 and pab1-1 auxotrophic defects in C. cinerea reference strains OK130 and AmutBmut for complementation in transformation are described. pCcAde8 is a new transformation vector useful for selection in single and co-transformations of the sequenced monokaryon OK130 which was transformed for the first time. The bacterial gene hph can also be used as an additional selection marker in OK130, making in combination with ade8 + successive rounds of transformation possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Dörnte
- Molecular Wood Biotechnology and Technical Mycology, Büsgen-Institute, University of Goettingen, Büsgenweg 2, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Can Peng
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601 China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, 230601 China
| | - Zemin Fang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601 China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, 230601 China
| | - Aysha Kamran
- Molecular Wood Biotechnology and Technical Mycology, Büsgen-Institute, University of Goettingen, Büsgenweg 2, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
- Present Address: Institute for Microbiology and Genetics, University of Goettingen, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Cut Yulvizar
- Molecular Wood Biotechnology and Technical Mycology, Büsgen-Institute, University of Goettingen, Büsgenweg 2, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Ursula Kües
- Molecular Wood Biotechnology and Technical Mycology, Büsgen-Institute, University of Goettingen, Büsgenweg 2, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
- Goettingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
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Cui FJ, Wu XH, Tao TL, Zan XY, Sun WJ, Mu DS, Yang Y, Wu D. Functions of a Glucan Synthase Gene GFGLS in Mycelial Growth and Polysaccharide Production of Grifola frondosa. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:8875-8883. [PMID: 31347830 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b03569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Glucan synthase (GLS) gene is known to be involved in the fungal biosynthesis of cell wall, differentiation, and growth. In the present study, a glucan synthase gene (GFGLS) in the edible mushroom Grifola frondosa with a full sequence of 5927 bp encoding a total of 1781 amino acids was cloned and characterized for the first time. GFGLSp is a membrane protein containing two large transmembrane domains connected with a hydrophilic cytoplasmic domain. With a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual, a GFGLS-silencing transformant iGFGLS-3 had the lowest GFGLS transcriptional expression level (26.1%) with a shorter length and thinner appearance of the mycelia, as well as decreased mycelial biomass and exo-polysaccharide production of 5.02 and 0.38 g/L, respectively. Further analysis indicated that GFGLS silence influenced slightly the monosaccharide compositions and ratios of mycelial and exo-polysaccharide. These findings suggest that GFGLS could affect mycelial growth and polysaccharide production by downregulating the glucan synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Jie Cui
- School of Food and Biological Engineering , Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang 212013 , P. R. China
- Jiangxi Provincial Engineering and Technology Center for Food Additives Bio-production , Dexing 334221 , P. R. China
| | - Xi-Hong Wu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering , Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang 212013 , P. R. China
| | - Ting-Lei Tao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering , Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang 212013 , P. R. China
| | - Xin-Yi Zan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering , Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang 212013 , P. R. China
| | - Wen-Jing Sun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering , Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang 212013 , P. R. China
- Jiangxi Provincial Engineering and Technology Center for Food Additives Bio-production , Dexing 334221 , P. R. China
| | - Da-Shuai Mu
- College of Marine Science , Shandong University (Weihai) , Weihai 264209 , P. R. China
| | - Yan Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi , Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Shanghai 201403 , P. R. China
| | - Di Wu
- National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi , Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Shanghai 201403 , P. R. China
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