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Xu Y, Bian S, Shang L, Wang X, Bai X, Zhang W. Phytochemistry, pharmacological effects and mechanism of action of volatile oil from Panax ginseng C.A.Mey: a review. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1436624. [PMID: 39193331 PMCID: PMC11347760 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1436624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Panax ginseng (P. ginseng), a traditional and highly valued botanical drug, has been used for thousands of years and is known around the world for its uses in food, medicine, and healthcare. The comprehensive study of P. ginseng is crucial for the quality assurance of medicinal materials and optimal resource utilization. Despite being present in trace amounts, P. ginseng volatile oil has a wide range of chemical metabolites with important medicinal potential. The volatile oil has shown promise in defending the cardiovascular system, as well as in terms of its ability of antibacterial, anti-aging, anti-platelet coagulation, anti-inflammatory, support the nervous system nutritionally, and shield it from harm. Due to its low composition and lack of thorough investigation, P. ginseng volatile oil's therapeutic applicability is still restricted although it exhibited many benefits. This review aims to provide insights into the chemical composition, extraction processes, pharmacological effects, and mechanisms of action of P. ginseng volatile oil, and to provide theoretical support and guidelines for future research and clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Xu
- Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Shuai Bian
- Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - LiYing Shang
- Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Xueyuan Bai
- Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
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Zhan J, Huang L, Niu L, Lu W, Sun C, Liu S, Ding Z, Li E. Regulation of CD73 on NAD metabolism: Unravelling the interplay between tumour immunity and tumour metabolism. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:387. [PMID: 39090604 PMCID: PMC11292923 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01755-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
CD73, a cell surface-bound nucleotidase, serves as a crucial metabolic and immune checkpoint. Several studies have shown that CD73 is widely expressed on immune cells and plays a critical role in immune escape, cell adhesion and migration as a costimulatory molecule for T cells and a factor in adenosine production. However, recent studies have revealed that the protumour effects of CD73 are not limited to merely inhibiting the antitumour immune response. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a vital bioactive molecule in organisms that plays essential regulatory roles in diverse biological processes within tumours. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that CD73 is involved in the transport and metabolism of NAD, thereby regulating tumour biological processes to promote growth and proliferation. This review provides a holistic view of CD73-regulated NAD + metabolism as a complex network and further highlights the emerging roles of CD73 as a novel target for cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhao Zhan
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
- HuanKui Academy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Le Huang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
- HuanKui Academy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Liyan Niu
- HuanKui Academy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Wenhui Lu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Chengpeng Sun
- HuanKui Academy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi province, China
| | - Zijun Ding
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Enliang Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, China.
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Neha, Ranjan P, Das P. Calcimycin mediates apoptosis in breast and cervical cancer cell lines by inducing intracellular calcium levels in a P2RX4-dependent manner. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2024; 1868:130535. [PMID: 38103757 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2023.130535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calcimycin (A23187) is a polyether antibiotic and divalent cation ionophore, extracted from Streptomyces chartrecensis. With wide variety of antimicrobial activities, it also exhibits cytotoxicity of tumor cells. Calcimycin exhibit therapeutic potential against tumor cell growth; however, the molecular mechanism remains to be fully elucidated. Present study explores the mechanism of calcimycin-induced apoptosis cancer cell lines. METHODS Apoptotic induction in a dose-dependent manner were recorded with MTT assays, Phase contrast imaging, wound healing assay, fluorescence imaging by DAPI and AO/EB staining and FACS using cell line model. Mitochondrial potential was analyzed by TMRM assay as Ca2+ signaling is well known to be influenced and synchronized by mitochondria also. RESULTS Calcimycin induces apoptosis in dose dependent manner, also accompanied by increased intracellular calcium-level and expression of purinergic receptor-P2RX4, a ligand-gated ion channel. CONCLUSION Calcimycin tends to increase the intracellular calcium level, mRNA expression of ATP receptor P2RX4, and phosphorylation of p38. Blocking of either intracellular calcium by BAPTA-AM, P2RX4 expression by antagonist 5-BDBD, and phospho-p38 by SB203580, abrogated the apoptotic activity of calcimycin. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Taken together, these results show that calcimycin induces apoptosis in P2RX4 and ATP mediated intracellular Ca2+ and p38 MAPK mediated pathway in both the cancer cell lines. This study explored a new mode of action for calcimycin in cancer that could be potentially employed in future studies for cancer therapeutic research. This study disentangles that the calcimycin-induced apoptotic cell death is P2RX4 and ATP involved, intracellular Ca2+ and p38 MAPK mediated pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha
- Centre for Genetic Disorders, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221,005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Prashant Ranjan
- Centre for Genetic Disorders, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221,005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Parimal Das
- Centre for Genetic Disorders, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221,005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Hajibabaie F, Abedpoor N, Mohamadynejad P. Types of Cell Death from a Molecular Perspective. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1426. [PMID: 37998025 PMCID: PMC10669395 DOI: 10.3390/biology12111426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
The former conventional belief was that cell death resulted from either apoptosis or necrosis; however, in recent years, different pathways through which a cell can undergo cell death have been discovered. Various types of cell death are distinguished by specific morphological alterations in the cell's structure, coupled with numerous biological activation processes. Various diseases, such as cancers, can occur due to the accumulation of damaged cells in the body caused by the dysregulation and failure of cell death. Thus, comprehending these cell death pathways is crucial for formulating effective therapeutic strategies. We focused on providing a comprehensive overview of the existing literature pertaining to various forms of cell death, encompassing apoptosis, anoikis, pyroptosis, NETosis, ferroptosis, autophagy, entosis, methuosis, paraptosis, mitoptosis, parthanatos, necroptosis, and necrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Hajibabaie
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord 88137-33395, Iran;
- Department of Physiology, Medicinal Plants Research Center, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan 81551-39998, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord 88137-33395, Iran
| | - Navid Abedpoor
- Department of Physiology, Medicinal Plants Research Center, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan 81551-39998, Iran
- Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan 81551-39998, Iran
| | - Parisa Mohamadynejad
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord 88137-33395, Iran;
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord 88137-33395, Iran
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Shah MA, Abuzar SM, Ilyas K, Qadees I, Bilal M, Yousaf R, Kassim RMT, Rasul A, Saleem U, Alves MS, Khan H, Blundell R, Jeandet P. Ginsenosides in cancer: Targeting cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 382:110634. [PMID: 37451663 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Despite the existence of extensive clinical research and novel therapeutic treatments, cancer remains undefeated and the significant cause of death worldwide. Cancer is a disease in which growth of cells goes out of control, being also able to invade other parts of the body. Cellular division is strictly controlled by multiple checkpoints like G1/S and G2/M which, when dysregulated, lead to uncontrollable cell division. The current remedies which are being utilized to combat cancer are monoclonal antibodies, chemotherapy, cryoablation, and bone marrow transplant etc. and these have also been greatly disheartening because of their serious adverse effects like hypotension, neuropathy, necrosis, leukemia relapse and many more. Bioactive compounds derived from natural products have marked the history of the development of novel drug therapies against cancer among which ginsenosides have no peer as they target several signaling pathways, which when abnormally regulated, lead to cancer. Substantial research has reported that ginsenosides like Rb1, Rb2, Rb3, Rc, Rd, Rg3, Rh2 etc. can prevent and treat cancer by targeting different pathways and molecules by induction of autophagy, neutralizing ROS, induction of cancerous cell death by controlling the p53 pathway, modulation of miRNAs by decreasing Smad2 expression, regulating Bcl-2 expression by normalizing the NF-Kb pathway, inhibition of inflammatory pathways by decreasing the production of cytokines like IL-8, causing cell cycle arrest by restricting cyclin E1 and CDC2, and induction of apoptosis during malignancy by decreasing β-catenin levels etc. In this review, we have analyzed the anti-cancer therapeutic potential of various ginsenoside compounds in order to consider their possible use in new strategies in the fight against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Syed Muhammad Abuzar
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Kainat Ilyas
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Irtaza Qadees
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Momna Bilal
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rimsha Yousaf
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Uzma Saleem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Maria Silvana Alves
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Bioactivity, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Renald Blundell
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malta, Msida, MSD2080, Malta; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking, University of Malta, MSD2080 Imsida, Malta
| | - Philippe Jeandet
- University of Reims, Research Unit Induced Resistance and Plant Bioprotection USC INRAe 1488 Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, 51100, Reims, France.
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Pathways Affected by Falcarinol-Type Polyacetylenes and Implications for Their Anti-Inflammatory Function and Potential in Cancer Chemoprevention. Foods 2023; 12:foods12061192. [PMID: 36981118 PMCID: PMC10048309 DOI: 10.3390/foods12061192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyacetylene phytochemicals are emerging as potentially responsible for the chemoprotective effects of consuming apiaceous vegetables. There is some evidence suggesting that polyacetylenes (PAs) impact carcinogenesis by influencing a wide variety of signalling pathways, which are important in regulating inflammation, apoptosis, cell cycle regulation, etc. Studies have shown a correlation between human dietary intake of PA-rich vegetables with a reduced risk of inflammation and cancer. PA supplementation can influence cell growth, gene expression and immunological responses, and has been shown to reduce the tumour number in rat and mouse models. Cancer chemoprevention by dietary PAs involves several mechanisms, including effects on inflammatory cytokines, the NF-κB pathway, antioxidant response elements, unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway, growth factor signalling, cell cycle progression and apoptosis. This review summarises the published research on falcarinol-type PA compounds and their mechanisms of action regarding cancer chemoprevention and also identifies some gaps in our current understanding of the health benefits of these PAs.
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Ni B, Song X, Shi B, Wang J, Sun Q, Wang X, Xu M, Cao L, Zhu G, Li J. Research progress of ginseng in the treatment of gastrointestinal cancers. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1036498. [PMID: 36313365 PMCID: PMC9603756 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1036498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer has become one of the major causes of human death. Several anticancer drugs are available; howeve their use and efficacy are limited by the toxic side effects and drug resistance caused by their continuous application. Many natural products have antitumor effects with low toxicity and fewer adverse effects. Moreover, they play an important role in enhancing the cytotoxicity of chemotherapeutic agents, reducing toxic side effects, and reversing chemoresistance. Consequently, natural drugs are being applied as potential therapeutic options in the field of antitumor treatment. As natural medicinal plants, some components of ginseng have been shown to have excellent efficacy and a good safety profile for cancer treatment. The pharmacological activities and possible mechanisms of action of ginseng have been identified. Its broad range of pharmacological activities includes antitumor, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-stress, anti-fibrotic, central nervous system modulating, cardioprotective, and immune-enhancing effects. Numerous studies have also shown that throuth multiple pathways, ginseng and its active ingredients exert antitumor effects on gastrointestinal (GI) tract tumors, such as esophageal, gastric, colorectal, liver, and pancreatic cancers. Herein, we introduced the main components of ginseng, including ginsenosides, polysaccharides, and sterols, etc., and reviewed the mechanism of action and research progress of ginseng in the treatment of various GI tumors. Futhermore, the pathways of action of the main components of ginseng are discussed in depth to promote the clinical development and application of ginseng in the field of anti-GI tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoyi Ni
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaotong Song
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bolun Shi
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Qianhui Sun
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinmiao Wang
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Manman Xu
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Luchang Cao
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Jie Li
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jie Li,
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Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide Protects Corneal Epithelial Cells against UV-B-Induced Apoptosis via ROS/JNK Pathway Inhibition. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12073435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PACAP is widely expressed throughout the body. It exerts a beneficial role in the eye, including the cornea. The corneal epithelium is regularly exposed to diverse types of insults, including ultraviolet B (UV-B) radiation. Previously, we showed the protective role played by PACAP in counteracting UV-B ray insults in human corneal endothelial cells; however, its involvement in corneal epithelium protection against ROS induced by UV-B radiation, and the underlying mechanisms, remain to be determined. Here, we demonstrated that the peptide treatment reduced UV-B-induced ROS generation by playing an anti-apoptotic role via JNK-signaling pathway inhibition. Overall, our results can provide guidance in the therapeutic use of PACAP for the treatment of epithelial corneal damage.
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Zhou R, Hu Z, Pan J, Wang J, Pei Y. Current research status of alkaloids against breast cancer. CHINESE J PHYSIOL 2022; 65:12-20. [DOI: 10.4103/cjp.cjp_89_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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10
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Tang S, Xu B, Li J, Zhong M, Hong Z, Zhao W, Zeng T, He X. Ozone induces BEL7402 cell apoptosis by increasing reactive oxygen species production and activating JNK. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1257. [PMID: 34532394 PMCID: PMC8421928 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-3233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Oxidative stress is an important factor in the modulation of both tumorigenesis and anticancer responses. Ozone (O3) is a strong oxidant that causes redox reactions and exerts anticancer effects in various types of cancer cells. However, the pathways involved in O3-induced cell death are not well understood. Methods In vitro human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) BEL7402 cells were treated with various O3 concentrations to evaluate O3 cytotoxicity by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and flow cytometry. The regulatory mechanisms were analyzed by western blot analysis. In vivo, an HCC model was established to evaluate the inhibition of HCC with O3 treatment. Results In vitro cells treated with O3 exhibited a round and small morphology with nuclear shrinkage and fragmentation. The CCK-8 assay confirmed the potent cytotoxic activity of O3 against BEL7402 cells (IC50 value of 5 µg/mL). Acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) staining revealed apoptosis of BEL7402 cells after O3 treatment. Flow cytometry analysis showed that S phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis increased with O3 exposure. In addition, O3 exposure reduced the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Western blot analysis showed that O3 exposure reduced B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2) expression and increased cleaved poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP), cytochrome C (Cyt-C), caspase-3, caspase-9, and p-JNK expression. In vivo, treatment with intratumor injection O3 (20 µg/mL) inhibited HCC growth. Conclusions Overall, our findings showed that O3 induces BEL7402 cell apoptosis via the intrinsic mitochondria-dependent pathway. Therefore, O3 has therapeutic potential for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuiying Tang
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bihong Xu
- Interventional Radiology and Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Department of Pathology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jincheng Li
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meifeng Zhong
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziyang Hong
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Zeng
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofeng He
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Suryani L, Foo JKR, Cardilla A, Dong Y, Muthukumaran P, Hassanbhai A, Wen F, Simon DT, Iandolo D, Yu N, Ng KW, Teoh SH. Effects of Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Intensity on Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Bioelectricity 2021. [DOI: 10.1089/bioe.2021.0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Luvita Suryani
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jyong Kiat Reuben Foo
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Angelysia Cardilla
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yibing Dong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Padmalosini Muthukumaran
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ammar Hassanbhai
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Feng Wen
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Daniel T. Simon
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Donata Iandolo
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
- UMR5510 MATEIS, CNRS, INSA-Lyon, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
- Mines Saint-Etienne, INSERM, U1059 SAINBIOSE, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Na Yu
- National Dental Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kee Woei Ng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Environmental Chemistry & Materials Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute (NEWRI), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Swee-Hin Teoh
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Singapore, Singapore
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Sarkar MK, Kar A, Jayaraman A, Kar Mahapatra S, Vadivel V. Vitexin isolated from Prosopis cineraria leaves induce apoptosis in K-562 leukemia cells via inhibition of the BCR-ABL-Ras-Raf pathway. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 74:103-111. [PMID: 34109977 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgab085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Leukemia is one of the severe cancer types all around the globe. Even though some chemotherapeutic drugs are available for treating leukemia, they have various side effects. As an alternative approach, herbal drugs are focused on current research to overcome leukemia. The present work was conducted to investigate the antileukemic mechanism of active phytochemical vitexin, which was isolated from ethno-medicine (Prosopis cineraria leaf) used by traditional healers of West Bengal, India. METHODS Antiproliferative mechanisms of selected phyto-compound against K-562 cells were evaluated using cellular uptake, morphological changes, DNA fragmentation, mitochondrial membrane potential and signaling pathways analysis. KEY FINDINGS Vitexin exhibited cytotoxicity by reducing mitochondrial membrane potential (32.40%) and causing DNA fragmentation (84.15%). The western blotting study indicated inhibition of cell survival proteins (BCR, ABL, H-RAS, N-RAS, K-RAS and RAF) and expression of apoptotic proteins (p38, BAX and caspase-9) in leukemia cells upon treatment with vitexin. CONCLUSIONS Based on the results, presently investigated phyto-compound vitexin could be considered for developing safe and natural drugs to treat leukemia after conducting suitable preclinical and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monaj Kumar Sarkar
- Chemical Biology Lab (ASK-II-409), School of Chemical and Biotechnology (SCBT), SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Amrita Kar
- Medicinal Chemistry and Immunology Lab (ASK-II-406), School of Chemical and Biotechnology (SCBT), SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Adithyan Jayaraman
- Medicinal Chemistry and Immunology Lab (ASK-II-406), School of Chemical and Biotechnology (SCBT), SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Santanu Kar Mahapatra
- Medicinal Chemistry and Immunology Lab (ASK-II-406), School of Chemical and Biotechnology (SCBT), SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Vellingiri Vadivel
- Chemical Biology Lab (ASK-II-409), School of Chemical and Biotechnology (SCBT), SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
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Xie J, Chen MH, Ying CP, Chen MY. Neferine induces p38 MAPK/JNK1/2 activation to modulate melanoma proliferation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:1643. [PMID: 33490155 PMCID: PMC7812205 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-7201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background Melanoma is a malignant skin cancer that has a poor prognosis in advanced patients. The aim of the present study was to investigate the antitumor role of neferine in melanoma. Methods A375 and C32 cells were selected as research vectors in vitro. Cell counting Kit-8, 5-ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine staining, transwell, and flow cytometry assay were used to examined cell malignant phenotypes. Mitochondrial dysfunction was detected by 5,50,6,60-tetrachloro-1,10,3,30-tetraethyl-imidacarbocyanine iodide staining and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was measured using oxidation sensitive fluorescent probe. The phosphorylation activity of p38 and Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) 1/2 were examined by Western blot. A xenograft model was established via the subcutaneous injection of A375 cells into the right flank of BALB/c mice in vivo. Results Neferine (2.5, 5, or 10 µM) treatment inhibited proliferation, invasion, and enhanced apoptotic rate of A375 and C32 cells. Neferine treatment induced abnormal changes in mitochondrial membrane potential. Further studies showed that neferine could significantly increase the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) content, decreased the superoxide dismutase (SOD) level. Neferine (5, 10, or 20 mg/kg) obviously suppressed the weight and size of the xenograft tumor, the number of apoptotic cells in vivo, and the expression of Ki67+ and survivin+ decreased. Notably, neferine also activated the phosphorylation of p38 and JNK1/2. Conclusions Neferine inhibits the proliferative and invasion ability of melanoma cells and promotes their apoptosis, ameliorating the malignant progression of melanoma, likely achieved by upregulating the phosphorylation levels of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and JNK1/2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xie
- Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Ming-Hui Chen
- Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Chuan-Peng Ying
- Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Ming-Yi Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
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14
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Liu J, Que K, Liu Y, Zang C, Wen J. Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Regulates the TRPA1 Expression in Human Odontoblast-Like Cells. J Pain Res 2020; 13:1655-1664. [PMID: 32753941 PMCID: PMC7352379 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s255288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily A, member 1 (TRPA1) is a promiscuous chemical nociceptor involved in the perception of cold hypersensitivity, mechanical hyperalgesia and inflammatory pain in human odontoblasts (HODs). Here, we aimed to study the underlying mechanism in which inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α regulated the expression of TRPA1 channel at both cellular and subcellular levels. Materials and Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to confirm the expression of TRPA1 channel in HODs. Dental pulp cells were induced and differentiated to HOD-like cells and used in succedent experiments. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay and Western blotting were used to examine the expression changes of TRPA1 channel with the presence and absence of TNF-α and TNF receptor (TNFR) inhibitor, R 7050. Finally, immunoelectron microscopy (IEM) and quantitative analysis were performed to directly display the TNF-α-regulated distribution change of TRPA1 channel in HOD-like cells. Results TRPA1 channel was positively expressed in the cell bodies and processes of HODs. The expression TRPA1 channel was significantly up-regulated by high concentration of TNF-α, which could be suppressed by R 7050. Under IEM, TNF-α treatment could increase the expression of TRPA1 in the ER membrane, cytoplasm and mitochondria. Conclusion Our study demonstrated that TRPA1 expression in HOD-like cells was evidently upregulated by TNF-α, presumably via TNFR1. TNF-α induced significant increasement in the intracellular distributions of TRPA1 proteins, with increases in the cytoplasm, ER membrane, and mitochondria, to actively participate in noxious external stimuli perception and transduction of hyperalgesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Department of Endodontics, College of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Kehua Que
- Department of Endodontics, College of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangqiu Liu
- Department of Endodontics, College of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengcheng Zang
- Department of Endodontics, College of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wen
- Department of Endodontics, College of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Lotus Dental Clinic, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
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15
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Bioactive C 17 and C 18 Acetylenic Oxylipins from Terrestrial Plants as Potential Lead Compounds for Anticancer Drug Development. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25112568. [PMID: 32486470 PMCID: PMC7321150 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25112568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioactive C17 and C18 acetylenic oxylipins have shown to contribute to the cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, and potential anticancer properties of terrestrial plants. These acetylenic oxylipins are widely distributed in plants belonging to the families Apiaceae, Araliaceae, and Asteraceae, and have shown to induce cell cycle arrest and/or apoptosis of cancer cells in vitro and to exert a chemopreventive effect on cancer development in vivo. The triple bond functionality of these oxylipins transform them into highly alkylating compounds being reactive to proteins and other biomolecules. This enables them to induce the formation of anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective phase 2 enzymes via activation of the Keap1–Nrf2 signaling pathway, inhibition of proinflammatory peptides and proteins, and/or induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress, which, to some extent, may explain their chemopreventive effects. In addition, these acetylenic oxylipins have shown to act as ligands for the nuclear receptor PPARγ, which play a central role in growth, differentiation, and apoptosis of cancer cells. Bioactive C17 and C18 acetylenic oxylipins appear, therefore, to constitute a group of promising lead compounds for the development of anticancer drugs. In this review, the cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects of C17 and C18 acetylenic oxylipins from terrestrial plants are presented and their possible mechanisms of action and structural requirements for optimal cytotoxicity are discussed.
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16
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Erdogan S, Turkekul K. Neferine inhibits proliferation and migration of human prostate cancer stem cells through p38 MAPK/JNK activation. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13253. [PMID: 32394497 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are one of the significant causes of cancer treatment failure and metastasis, as they have significant chemo-and radio-resistance leading to tumor recurrence. Here we investigated the possible anticancer properties of neferine, a natural alkaloid, on human prostate cancer (PCa) cells and their stem cells. CD44+ CSCs were isolated from androgen-insensitive PC3 cells by magnetic-activated cell sorting system (MACS). Neferine dose-and time-dependently inhibited the viability of PC3 and CSCs as well as androgen-sensitive LNCaP cells through inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G1 phase. Neferine was shown to downregulate the expression of Bcl-2 and CDK4, and upregulate caspase 3, clePARP, p21, p27, and p53. The treatment significantly inhibits the migration of CSCs. Neferine induces JNK and p38 MAPK phosphorylation, and downregulates PI3K and NF-ĸβ signaling. In conclusion, neferine may have a therapeutic effect inhibiting the PCa cell proliferation as well as by eliminating CSCs. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Neferine is an alkaloid found in the seed embryo of Nelumbo nucifera and has recently been shown to have anticancer effects on various human cancer cells. More than 90% of cancer-related deaths develop after metastasis, and CSCs are considered to be largely responsible for the cell migration and invasion. It has been shown that treatment of neferine kills not only PCa cells but also CSCs, and may contribute to the prevention of progression of PCa and metastasis by inhibiting cell proliferation and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suat Erdogan
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Kader Turkekul
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
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17
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Zhang T, Liu C, Ma S, Gao Y, Wang R. Protective Effect and Mechanism of Action of Rosmarinic Acid on Radiation-Induced Parotid Gland Injury in Rats. Dose Response 2020; 18:1559325820907782. [PMID: 32127788 PMCID: PMC7036515 DOI: 10.1177/1559325820907782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The parotid glands are damaged by oxidative stress and a series of
pathophysiological changes after irradiation. Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a natural
antioxidant that provides a radioprotective effect against harmful damage from
ionizing radiation. The present study aims to explore the protective effects of
RA on radiation-induced parotid gland injury and its underlying mechanism.
Sprague-Dawley rats were irradiated with 15 Gy X-ray and treated with different
concentrations of RA (30, 60, and 120 mg/kg) or amifostine (AMI, 250 mg/kg).
Saliva secretion function, oxidative stress, apoptosis, the inflammatory
response, and fibrosis were determined by the measurement of the salivary flow
rate, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, transferase-mediated DUTP Nick end
labeling, Western blot, quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction, and
hematoxylin and eosin staining. Here, we show that RA treatment significantly
attenuated reactive oxygen species by a direct hindrance effect and the indirect
activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator
1-alpha/nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4 signaling.
Rosmarinic acid not only reduced apoptosis by inhibiting p53/jun N-terminal
kinase activation but also reduced parotid gland tissue fibrosis by
downregulating inflammatory factor levels. Compared to AMI, RA has the obvious
advantages of late efficacy and convenient usage. Moreover, 60 mg/kg is the
minimum effective dose of RA. Therefore, RA can potentially be applied as a
therapeutic radioprotective agent to treat radiation-induced parotid gland
injury in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Shanshan Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yirong Gao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Rensheng Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Cr(VI) induces ROS-mediated mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis in neuronal cells via the activation of Akt/ERK/AMPK signaling pathway. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 65:104795. [PMID: 32061800 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.104795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)), a well-known toxic industrial and environmental pollutant, has been shown to cause serious toxic and health effects. However, limited information is available on Cr(VI)-induced neurotoxic potential, with the underlying toxicological mechanisms remain mostly unclear. The present study demonstrated that the mitochondria-dependent apoptosis pathway was involved in Cr(VI)-induced SH-SY5Y cell (the human neuroblastoma cell line) death, which was accompanied by the appearance of cell shrinkage, increased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) depolarization and cytochrome c release, and the activation of caspase cascades and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Cr(VI) treatment also increased the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Pretreatment of SH-SY5Y cells with antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) effectively attenuated ROS production and reversed these Cr(VI)-induced cytotoxicity and apoptotic responses. Furthermore, exposure to Cr(VI) significantly increased the phosphorylation levels of Akt, extracellular regulated kinase (ERK)1/2, and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)α. NAC and the pharmacological inhibitor of Akt (LY294002), ERK1/2 (PD980590), and AMPKα (Compound C) markedly abrogated the Cr(VI)-induced activation of Akt, ERK1/2, and AMPKα signal, respectively, with the concomitant inhibition of mitochondrial dysfunction and caspase activation. Additionally, all these inhibitors suppressed Cr(VI)-induced phosphorylation of Akt, ERK1/2, and AMPKα and of each other. Collectively, these results suggest that Cr(VI) exerts its cytotoxicity on neuronal cells by inducing mitochondria-dependent apoptosis through the interdependent activation of Akt, ERK1/2, and AMPKα, which are mainly mediated by ROS generation.
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19
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Suryani L, Too JH, Hassanbhai AM, Wen F, Lin DJ, Yu N, Teoh SH. Effects of Electromagnetic Field on Proliferation, Differentiation, and Mineralization of MC3T3 Cells. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2020; 25:114-125. [PMID: 30661463 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2018.0364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT We present the study about how the parameters of pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) stimulus affected calvarial osteoblast precursor cell in terms of growth, viability, and differentiation. This research provides insight and foundation to clinical application of noninvasive therapy using PEMF to improve bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luvita Suryani
- 1 School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.,2 Centre for Developmental Biology, Tissue Engineering, Regenerative Medicine and Innovation, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jian Hui Too
- 3 National Dental Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ammar Mansoor Hassanbhai
- 1 School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.,2 Centre for Developmental Biology, Tissue Engineering, Regenerative Medicine and Innovation, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Feng Wen
- 1 School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.,2 Centre for Developmental Biology, Tissue Engineering, Regenerative Medicine and Innovation, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Daryl Jimian Lin
- 1 School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Na Yu
- 3 National Dental Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,4 Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Swee-Hin Teoh
- 1 School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.,2 Centre for Developmental Biology, Tissue Engineering, Regenerative Medicine and Innovation, Singapore, Singapore.,5 Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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20
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Liu L, Zhu H, Wu W, Shen Y, Lin X, Wu Y, Liu L, Tang J, Zhou Y, Sun F, Lin HW. Neoantimycin F, a Streptomyces-Derived Natural Product Induces Mitochondria-Related Apoptotic Death in Human Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1042. [PMID: 31619992 PMCID: PMC6760012 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptomyces-derived natural products have been become a major focus of anti-tumor drug discovery studies. Neoantimycin F (NAT-F), was isolated from Streptomyces conglobatus by our group. Here, we examined the anti-cancer activities and its underlying molecular mechanisms implicated in NAT-F-induced apoptosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Our results showed that NAT-F exerted excellent growth-inhibitory activity against PC9 and H1299 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. NAT-F-induced cell cycle arrest at S and G0/G1 phase in PC9 and H1299 cells, respectively. Further investigation revealed that the key proteins (including cyclinD1, cyclinE1, cyclinB1, CDK2, and CDK4) were involved in the cell regulation by NAT-F. Additionally, NAT-F significantly increased the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), induced DNA damage, nuclear condensation, and cell apoptosis in both cell lines. Moreover, loss of the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was markedly induced by NAT-F. Additional results revealed that NAT-F could up-regulate pro-apoptotic protein Bax and down-regulate anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, Mcl-1, and Bcl-xL, resulting in cytochrome c release from mitochondria and sequential activation of caspase-9 and -3, as well as the cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase. Meanwhile, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), p38 MAPK (p38), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway were also involved in anti-cancer activity of NAT-F in NSCLC cells. Taken together, these findings indicated that NAT-F possessed anti-proliferative effect and induced apoptosis in NSCLC cells in vitro and may be conducive to promote the development of novel anti-NSCLC agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyun Liu
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongrui Zhu
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Liaoning, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaoyao Shen
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Lin
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Liu
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Tang
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongjun Zhou
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Sun
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hou-Wen Lin
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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21
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Zhang W, Wang X, Yu M, Li JA, Meng H. The c-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling pathway in epilepsy: activation, regulation, and therapeutics. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2019; 38:492-498. [PMID: 31038026 DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2019.1590410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Epilepsy affects approximately 50-70 million people worldwide and 30-40% of patients do not benefit from medication. Therefore, it is necessary to identify novel targets for epileptic treatments. c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) is a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family that activates diverse substrates, such as transcriptional factors, adaptor proteins, and signaling proteins, and has a wide variety of functions in both physiological and pathological conditions. The excessive activation of JNK is found not only in the acute phase of epilepsy, but also in the chronic phase, which potentiates it as a promising target in epilepsy control. In this review, we discuss the activation of the JNK pathway in epilepsy and its role in neuronal death, astrocyte activation, and mossy fiber sprouting (MFS) based on recent updates. Finally, we briefly introduce the current agents that target JNK signaling to control epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuqiong Zhang
- a Department of Neurology and Neuroscience center , The First Hospital of Jilin University , Changchun , P. R. China
| | - Xue Wang
- a Department of Neurology and Neuroscience center , The First Hospital of Jilin University , Changchun , P. R. China
| | - Miaomiao Yu
- a Department of Neurology and Neuroscience center , The First Hospital of Jilin University , Changchun , P. R. China
| | - Jia-Ai Li
- a Department of Neurology and Neuroscience center , The First Hospital of Jilin University , Changchun , P. R. China
| | - Hongmei Meng
- a Department of Neurology and Neuroscience center , The First Hospital of Jilin University , Changchun , P. R. China
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22
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Ahmad R, Vaali-Mohammed MA, Elwatidy M, Al-Obeed O, Al-Khayal K, Eldehna WM, Abdel-Aziz HA, Alafeefy A, Abdulla M. Induction of ROS‑mediated cell death and activation of the JNK pathway by a sulfonamide derivative. Int J Mol Med 2019; 44:1552-1562. [PMID: 31364730 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of colorectal cancer in developed nations can be attributed to dietary habits, smoking, a sedentary lifestyle and obesity. Several treatment regimens are available for primary and metastatic colorectal cancer; however, these treatment options have had limited impact on cure and disease‑free survival, and novel agents need to be developed for treating colorectal cancer. Thus, the objective of this study was to explore the anticancer mechanism of a benzo(1,3)dioxol‑based derivative of sulfonamide. The compound's inhibitory effect on cell proliferation was determined using the MTT assay and the xCelligence RTDP machine. Alternations in the expression of Bcl‑2 and inhibitor of apoptosis protein families were detected by western blotting. Apoptotic marker protein expression, including cytochrome c and cleaved poly(ADP‑ribose)polymerase was measured in the cytosolic extract of cells. Apoptosis and necrosis were detected by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), and activation of caspase‑3 and caspase‑7 were measured using flow cytometry. Activation of the JNK pathway was detected by western blotting. We investigated the molecular mechanism of action of the sulfonamide derivative on colorectal cancer cells and found that the compound possesses a potent anticancer effect, which is primarily exerted by inducing apoptosis and necrosis. Interestingly, this compound exhibited little antiproliferative effect against the normal colonic epithelial cell line FHC. Furthermore, our results showed that the compound could significantly increase ROS production. Apoptosis induction could be attenuated by the free oxygen radical scavenger N‑acetyl cysteine (NAC), indicating that the antiproliferative effect of this compound on colorectal cancer cells is at least partially dependent on the redox balance. In addition, JNK signaling was activated by treatment with this derivative, which led to the induction of apoptosis. On the contrary, a JNK inhibitor could suppress the cell death induced by this compound. Our findings thus suggested a novel anticancer mechanism of a benzo(1,3)dioxol‑based derivative of sulfonamide for colorectal cancer cells and may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of colorectal cancer; however, further investigation is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehan Ahmad
- Colorectal Research Chair, Department of Surgery, King Khaled University Hospital, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11472, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mansoor-Ali Vaali-Mohammed
- Colorectal Research Chair, Department of Surgery, King Khaled University Hospital, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11472, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Elwatidy
- CMRC, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11472, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Al-Obeed
- Colorectal Research Chair, Department of Surgery, King Khaled University Hospital, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11472, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khayal Al-Khayal
- Colorectal Research Chair, Department of Surgery, King Khaled University Hospital, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11472, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wagdy M Eldehna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33511, Egypt
| | - Hatem A Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Applied Organic Chemistry, National Research Center, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Alafeefy
- Department of Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University, Kuantan 25200, Malaysia
| | - Maha Abdulla
- Colorectal Research Chair, Department of Surgery, King Khaled University Hospital, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11472, Saudi Arabia
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23
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Xu B, Xing R, Huang Z, Yin S, Li X, Zhang L, Ding L, Wang P. Excessive mechanical stress induces chondrocyte apoptosis through TRPV4 in an anterior cruciate ligament-transected rat osteoarthritis model. Life Sci 2019; 228:158-166. [PMID: 31055086 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Chondrocyte apoptosis is the most common pathological feature of cartilage in osteoarthritis (OA). Excessive mechanical stress can induce chondrocyte apoptosis and destroy cartilage tissue. Transient receptor potential channel vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) is a mechanosensitive ion channel that mediates chondrocyte response to mechanical stress. Here, we investigated the potential role of TRPV4 in chondrocyte apoptosis induced by excessive mechanical stress. MAIN METHODS Using a rat OA anterior cruciate-ligament transection (ALCT) model, we detected immunolocalization of calmodulin protein and mRNA and protein levels of TRPV4, calmodulin, and cleaved caspase-8 in articular cartilage. Primary chondrocytes were isolated and cultured in vitro, and Fluo-4AM staining was used to assess intracellular Ca2+ levels in order to evaluate TRPV4-mediated Ca2+ influx. Flow cytometry and western blot were performed to detect apoptosis and apoptosis-related protein levels in chondrocytes, respectively. KEY FINDINGS TRPV4 was upregulated in ALCT-induced OA articular cartilage, and we found that administration of a TRPV4 inhibitor attenuated cartilage degeneration. Additionally, TRPV4 specifically mediated extracellular Ca2+ influx, leading to chondrocyte apoptosis in vitro, which was inhibited by transfection of TRPV4 small-interfering RNA or administration of a TRPV4 inhibitor. Moreover, increased Ca2+ influx triggered apoptosis by upregulating FAS-associated protein with death domain and cleaved caspase-3, -6, -7, and -8 levels, with these effects abolished by TRPV4 knockdown or TRPV4 inhibition. SIGNIFICANCE These results indicated that TRPV4 was upregulated in OA articular cartilage, and that excessive mechanical stress might induce chondrocyte apoptosis via TRPV4-mediated Ca2+ influx, suggesting TRPV4 as a potential drug target in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Xu
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China; Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China; Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Runlin Xing
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China; Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Zhengquan Huang
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China; Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Songjiang Yin
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China; Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xiaochen Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China; Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China; Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Liang Ding
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China; Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Peimin Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China; Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China.
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Yeh Y, Liang C, Chen M, Tsai F, Lin Y, Lee M, Wu J, Kuo C. Apoptotic effects of hsian-tsao ( Mesona procumbens Hemsley) on hepatic stellate cells mediated by reactive oxygen species and ERK, JNK, and caspase-3 pathways. Food Sci Nutr 2019; 7:1891-1898. [PMID: 31139404 PMCID: PMC6526671 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is an important step in the progress of liver fibrosis. Fibrosis can be impeded by HSC reversion to a quiescent state or HSC clearance through apoptosis. To investigate the apoptotic effects of hsian-tsao (Mesona procumbens Hemsl) on human HSCs, the expression levels of cleaved caspase-3, p38, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) were assessed using Western blotting, and the caspase-3 activity was measured using caspase-3/CPP32 colorimetric assay kit. Hsian-tsao extract (HTE) increased the activity of caspase-3 and the level of activated caspase-3, indicating the activation of apoptosis. The intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level increased in a dose-dependent manner. This increase was prevented by an antioxidant, suggesting that HTE induces ROS accumulation. In addition, we found that HTE induced the phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases JNK and p38. These collective data indicate that HTE induces apoptosis via ROS production through the p38, JNK, and caspase-3-dependent pathways. HTE may decrease HSC activation in liver fibrosis and may have a therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung‐Hsiang Yeh
- Division of GastroenterologyChang Bing Show Chwan Memorial HospitalChanghuaTaiwan
| | - Chun‐Ya Liang
- Department of Medical Research and DevelopmentChang Bing Show Chwan Memorial HospitalChanghuaTaiwan
| | - Mao‐Liang Chen
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi HospitalBuddhist Tzu Chi Medical FoundationNew Taipei CityTaiwan
| | - Fu‐Ming Tsai
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi HospitalBuddhist Tzu Chi Medical FoundationNew Taipei CityTaiwan
| | - Yi‐Ying Lin
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi HospitalBuddhist Tzu Chi Medical FoundationNew Taipei CityTaiwan
| | - Ming‐Cheng Lee
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi HospitalBuddhist Tzu Chi Medical FoundationNew Taipei CityTaiwan
| | - Jiunn‐Sheng Wu
- Division of Infectious DiseasesTaipei Tzu Chi HospitalBuddhist Tzu Chi Medical FoundationNew Taipei CityTaiwan
| | - Chan‐Yen Kuo
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi HospitalBuddhist Tzu Chi Medical FoundationNew Taipei CityTaiwan
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Lee JH, Leem DG, Chung KS, Kim KT, Choi SY, Lee KT. Panaxydol Derived from Panax ginseng Inhibits G 1 Cell Cycle Progression in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer via Upregulation of Intracellular Ca 2+ Levels. Biol Pharm Bull 2019; 41:1701-1707. [PMID: 30381670 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b18-00447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Panaxydol, a polyacetylenic compound derived from Panax ginseng has been reported to suppress the growth of cancer cells. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying cell cycle arrest by this compound in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are unknown. Our study found that panaxydol treatment induced cell cycle arrest at G1 phase in NSCLC cells. The cell cycle arrest was accompanied by down-regulation of the protein expression of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 2, CDK4, CDK6, cyclin D1 and cyclin E, and decrease in the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma (Rb) protein. Furthermore, up-regulation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (CDKI) p21CIP1/WAF1 and p27KIP1 was observed in panaxydol-treated NSCLC cells. In addition, panaxydol also induced accumulation of intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i). (Acetyloxy)methyl 2-({2-[(acetyloxy)methoxy]-2-oxoethyl}[2-(2-{2-[bis({2-[(acetyloxy)methoxy]-2-oxoethyl})amino]phenoxy}ethoxy)phenyl]amino)acetate (BAPTA-AM), the Ca2+ chelator, attenuated not only panaxydol-induced accumulation of [Ca2+]i, but also G1 cell cycle arrest and decrease of CDK6 and cyclin D1 protein expression level. These results demonstrated that the anti-proliferative effects of panaxydol were caused by cell cycle arrest, which is closely linked to the up-regulation of [Ca2+]i and represents a promising approach for the treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Hun Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University.,Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University
| | - Dong Gyu Leem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University.,Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University
| | - Kyung-Sook Chung
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University
| | - Kyung-Tack Kim
- Traditional Food Research Center, Korea Food Research Institute
| | - Sang Yoon Choi
- Traditional Food Research Center, Korea Food Research Institute
| | - Kyung-Tae Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University.,Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University
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26
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Yin S, Zhang L, Ding L, Huang Z, Xu B, Li X, Wang P, Mao J. Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (trpa1) mediates il-1β-induced apoptosis in rat chondrocytes via calcium overload and mitochondrial dysfunction. JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION-LONDON 2018; 15:27. [PMID: 30564065 PMCID: PMC6296079 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-018-0204-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background Chondrocyte apoptosis is a central feature in the progression of osteoarthritis (OA), and would be triggered by sustained elevation of intracellular calcium ion (Ca2+), also known as a cellular second messenger. Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) is a membrane-associated cation channel, and the activation of which causes an influx of cation ions, in particularly Ca2+, into the activated cells. Therefore, we investigate the potential role of TRPA1 in mediating Ca2+ influx to promote chondrocyte apoptosis in OA. Methods The expression of TRPA1 in interleukin (IL)-1β-treated rat chondrocytes was assessed by Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blot (WB), and the functionality of TRPA1 channel by Ca2+ influx measurements. Meanwhile, the chondrocyte apoptosis in IL-1β-treated cells was measured by TUNEL assay and flow cytometry. The measurement of mitochondrial membrane potential and apoptosis-associated proteins after inhibition of TRPA1 were also performed in IL-1β-treated rat chondrocytes. Results After being induced by IL-1β, the gene and protein expression of TRPA1 was increased in the dose-dependent manner. Meanwhile, Ca2+ influx mediated by TRPA1 in rat chondrocytes was also enhanced. Pharmacological inhibition of TRPA1 downregulated the apoptotic rate in IL-1β-treated rat chondrocytes. In addition, the membrane potential depolarization was improved and significantly increased expression of apoptosis-associated proteins also reduced by the TRPA1 antagonist. Conclusions We found the IL-1β caused the increased functional expression of TRPA1, the activation of which involved IL-1β-induced apoptosis in rat chondrocytes. The potential mechanism may be linked to the intracellular calcium overload mediated by TRPA1 and attendant mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songjiang Yin
- Departments of orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of TCM, Road Hanzhong 155#, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Departments of orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of TCM, Road Hanzhong 155#, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Liang Ding
- Departments of orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of TCM, Road Hanzhong 155#, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhengquan Huang
- Departments of orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of TCM, Road Hanzhong 155#, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bo Xu
- Departments of orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of TCM, Road Hanzhong 155#, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - XiaoChen Li
- Departments of orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of TCM, Road Hanzhong 155#, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Peimin Wang
- Departments of orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of TCM, Road Hanzhong 155#, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jun Mao
- Departments of orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of TCM, Road Hanzhong 155#, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
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Dioscin inhibits colon cancer cells' growth by reactive oxygen species-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction and p38 and JNK pathways. Anticancer Drugs 2018; 29:234-242. [PMID: 29389802 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Dioscin is a natural steroid saponin derived from several plants that shows potent anticancer effects against a variety of cancer cells. Here, we investigated the antitumor effect of dioscin against human colon cancer cells and evaluated the molecular mechanism involved in this process. The cell cytotoxicity was studied by the MTT assay and BrdU incorporation. The proapoptotic mechanism of dioscin was characterized by flow cytometry analysis. A western blot and an immunofluorescence staining were used to investigate how dioscin induces apoptosis in vitro. In our study, dioscin could significantly inhibit the growth of colon cancer cells in a time-dependent and dose-dependent manner. Dioscin induces apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, promoting the disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential, Bax translocation to the mitochondria, cytochrome C release to cytosol, activations of caspase-9/3, PARP cleavage, and subsequent apoptosis. Dioscin-induced apoptosis was accompanied by sustained phosphorylation of JNK, p38-MAPK. N-acetyl-L-cysteine, a scavenger of ROS, significantly reversed dioscin-induced cell death and activation of JNK and p38. Collectively, the data indicate that the induction of apoptosis by dioscin is mediated through ROS proteins, which are critical upstream signals for JNK/p38-MAPK activation.
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Wu Z, Zheng X, Meng L, Fang X, He Y, Li D, Zheng C, Zhang H. α-Tocopherol, especially α-tocopherol phosphate, exerts antiapoptotic and angiogenic effects on rat bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells under high-glucose and hypoxia conditions. J Vasc Surg 2018; 67:1263-1273.e1. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2017.02.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Dibromoacetic acid induced Cl.Ly1 + 2/−9 T-cell apoptosis and activation of MAPKs signaling cascades. Toxicol In Vitro 2018; 47:156-164. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2017.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Costunolide enhances doxorubicin-induced apoptosis in prostate cancer cells via activated mitogen-activated protein kinases and generation of reactive oxygen species. Oncotarget 2017; 8:107701-107715. [PMID: 29296199 PMCID: PMC5746101 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The management of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is challenging, attributable to a lack of efficacious therapies. Chemotherapy is one of the most important treatments for CRPC. Doxorubicin has been extensively used in many different tumors and is often combined with other drugs to enhance effects and reduce toxicity. Costunolide is a natural sesquiterpene lactone with anti-cancer properties. In this study, we first demonstrated that the combination of costunolide and doxorubicin induced apoptosis significantly more than either drug alone in prostate cancer cell lines. Costunolide combined with doxorubicin induced mitochondria-mediated apoptosis through a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and modulation of Bcl-2 family proteins. We found that this drug combination significantly increased the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as phosphorylation of c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases, which play upstream roles in mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. Further studies showed that N-acetyl cysteine blocked JNK and p38 phosphorylation, suggesting that ROS were upstream activators of JNK and p38. However, a JNK inhibitor, but not a p38 inhibitor, blocked the increase in ROS observed in cells treated with a combination of costunolide and doxorubicin, suggesting that ROS and JNK could activate each other. In vivo, inhibition of tumor growth and induction of apoptosis were greater in mice treated with the costunolide and doxorubicin combination than in mice treated with either drug alone, without an increase in toxicity. Therefore, we suggested that costunolide in combination with doxorubicin was a new potential chemotherapeutic strategy for treating prostate cancer.
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Wang Y, Xia C, Lun Z, Lv Y, Chen W, Li T. Crosstalk between p38 MAPK and caspase-9 regulates mitochondria-mediated apoptosis induced by tetra-α-(4-carboxyphenoxy) phthalocyanine zinc photodynamic therapy in LoVo cells. Oncol Rep 2017; 39:61-70. [PMID: 29115534 PMCID: PMC5783605 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.6071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is considered to be an advancing antitumor technology. PDT using hydrophilic/lipophilic tetra-α-(4-carboxyphenoxy) phthalocyanine zinc (TαPcZn-PDT) has exhibited antitumor activity in Bel-7402 hepatocellular cancer cells. However, the manner in which p38 MAPK and caspase-9 are involved in the regulation of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in the TαPcZn-PDT-treated LoVo human colon carcinoma cells remains unclear. Therefore, in the present study, a siRNA targeting p38 MAPK (siRNA-p38 MAPK) and the caspase-9 specific inhibitor z-LEHD-fmk were used to examine the crosstalk between p38 MAPK and caspase-9 during mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in the TαPcZn-PDT-treated LoVo cells. The findings revealed that the TαPcZn-PDT treatment of LoVo cells resulted in the induction of apoptosis, the formation of p38 MAPK/caspase-9 complexes, the activation of p38 MAPK, caspase-9, caspase-3 and Bid, the downregulation of Bcl-2, the reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), the upregulation of Bax and the release of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) and cytochrome c (Cyto c). By contrast, siRNA-p38 MAPK or z-LEHD-fmk both attenuated the effects of TαPcZn-PDT in the LoVo cells. Furthermore, the results revealed that siRNA-p38 MAPK had more significant inhibitory effects on apoptosis and mitochondria compared with the effects of z-LEHD-fmk in TαPcZn-PDT-treated LoVo cells. These findings indicated that p38 MAPK plays the major regulatory role in the crosstalk between p38 MAPK and caspase-9 and that direct interaction between p38 MAPK and caspase-9 may regulate mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in the TαPcZn-PDT-treated LoVo cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161006, P.R. China
| | - Chunhui Xia
- Department of Basic Medicine, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161006, P.R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Lun
- Department of Basic Medicine, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161006, P.R. China
| | - Yanxin Lv
- Department of Basic Medicine, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161006, P.R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161006, P.R. China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Basic Medicine, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161006, P.R. China
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The quinone-based derivative, HMNQ induces apoptotic and autophagic cell death by modulating reactive oxygen species in cancer cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:99637-99648. [PMID: 29245930 PMCID: PMC5725121 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
8-Hydroxy-2-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (HMNQ), a natural compound isolated from the bark of Juglans sinensis Dode, displays cytotoxic activity against various human cancer cells. However, the molecular mechanism of the anticancer effect is unclear. In this study, we examined the cytotoxic mechanism of HMNQ at the molecular level in human cancer cells. Cells were treated with HMNQ in a dose- or time-dependent manner. HMNQ treatment inhibited cell viability, colony formation and cell migration, indicating that HMNQ induced cancer cell death. HMNQ-treated cells resulted in apoptotic cell death through PARP-1 cleavage, Bax upregulation and Bcl-2 downregulation. HMNQ was also observed to induce autophagy by upregulating Beclin-1 and LC3. Furthermore, HMNQ induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, which was attenuated by the ROS scavengers, NAC and GSH. Finally, HMNQ increased expression of JNK phosphorylation and the JNK inhibitor SP600125 rescued HMNQ-induced cell death, suggesting that the cytotoxicity of HMNQ is mediated by the JNK signaling pathway. Taken together, our findings show that HMNQ exhibits anticancer activity through induction of ROS-mediated apoptosis and autophagy in human cancer cells. These data suggest the potential value of HMNQ as a natural anticancer drug.
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Al-Khayal K, Alafeefy A, Vaali-Mohammed MA, Mahmood A, Zubaidi A, Al-Obeed O, Khan Z, Abdulla M, Ahmad R. Novel derivative of aminobenzenesulfonamide (3c) induces apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells through ROS generation and inhibits cell migration. BMC Cancer 2017; 17:4. [PMID: 28049506 PMCID: PMC5210304 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-3005-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the 3rd most common type of cancer worldwide. New anti-cancer agents are needed for treating late stage colorectal cancer as most of the deaths occur due to cancer metastasis. A recently developed compound, 3c has shown to have potent antitumor effect; however the mechanism underlying the antitumor effect remains unknown. METHODS 3c-induced inhibition of proliferation was measured in the absence and presence NAC using MTT in HT-29 and SW620 cells and xCELLigence RTCA DP instrument. 3c-induced apoptotic studies were performed using flow cytometry. 3c-induced redox alterations were measured by ROS production using fluorescence plate reader and flow cytometry and mitochondrial membrane potential by flow cytometry; NADPH and GSH levels were determined by colorimetric assays. Bcl2 family protein expression and cytochrome c release and PARP activation was done by western blotting. Caspase activation was measured by ELISA. Cell migration assay was done using the real time xCELLigence RTCA DP system in SW620 cells and wound healing assay in HT-29. RESULTS Many anticancer therapeutics exert their effects by inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, we demonstrate that 3c-induced inhibition of cell proliferation is reversed by the antioxidant, N-acetylcysteine, suggesting that 3c acts via increased production of ROS in HT-29 cells. This was confirmed by the direct measurement of ROS in 3c-treated colorectal cancer cells. Additionally, treatment with 3c resulted in decreased NADPH and glutathione levels in HT-29 cells. Further, investigation of the apoptotic pathway showed increased release of cytochrome c resulting in the activation of caspase-9, which in turn activated caspase-3 and -6. 3c also (i) increased p53 and Bax expression, (ii) decreased Bcl2 and BclxL expression and (iii) induced PARP cleavage in human colorectal cancer cells. Confirming our observations, NAC significantly inhibited induction of apoptosis, ROS production, cytochrome c release and PARP cleavage. The results further demonstrate that 3c inhibits cell migration by modulating EMT markers and inhibiting TGFβ-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Samd3. CONCLUSIONS Our findings thus demonstrate that 3c disrupts redox balance in colorectal cancer cells and support the notion that this agent may be effective for the treatment of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khayal Al-Khayal
- Colorectal Research Center, Department of Surgery, King Khalid University Hospital College of Medicine, King Saud University, PO BOX 7805 (37), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Alafeefy
- Department of Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University, P.O. Box 141, 25710, Kuantan, Malaysia
| | - Mansoor-Ali Vaali-Mohammed
- Colorectal Research Center, Department of Surgery, King Khalid University Hospital College of Medicine, King Saud University, PO BOX 7805 (37), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amer Mahmood
- Stem Cell Unit, Department of Anatomy, King Khalid University Hospital College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Zubaidi
- Colorectal Research Center, Department of Surgery, King Khalid University Hospital College of Medicine, King Saud University, PO BOX 7805 (37), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Al-Obeed
- Colorectal Research Center, Department of Surgery, King Khalid University Hospital College of Medicine, King Saud University, PO BOX 7805 (37), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zahid Khan
- Genome Research Chair, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Abdulla
- Colorectal Research Center, Department of Surgery, King Khalid University Hospital College of Medicine, King Saud University, PO BOX 7805 (37), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rehan Ahmad
- Colorectal Research Center, Department of Surgery, King Khalid University Hospital College of Medicine, King Saud University, PO BOX 7805 (37), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Lv X, Song DM, Niu YH, Wang BS. Inhibition of heme oxygenase-1 enhances the chemosensitivity of laryngeal squamous cell cancer Hep-2 cells to cisplatin. Apoptosis 2016; 21:489-501. [PMID: 26801320 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-016-1216-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
It has been previously reported that cisplatin is a well-known anticancer drug being used against a wide range of malignancies including head and neck, ovarian and non-small cell lung carcinoma, and demonstrated its anticancer activity by reacting with DNA or changing cell structure, immune response, reactive oxygen species level (ROS). In this research we proved that cisplatin induced cell injuries and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression in laryngeal squamous cell cancer Hep-2 cells through ROS generation. The induction of HO-1 clearly protected Hep-2 cells from cisplatin-induced cell death and ROS reaction, and the inhibitor of HO-1 enhanced the cell death and ROS generation induced by cisplatin. Furthermore, the HO-1 expression induced by cisplatin was strongly inhibited by the knockdown of nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor-2 (Nrf-2), and the oxidative damages induced by cisplatin were significantly enhanced. Therefore, it may be concluded that the inhibition of HO-1 or the knockdown of Nrf-2 significantly enhanced cisplatin's anticancer effects on Hep-2 cells. In clinic, with the overexpression of HO-1 in laryngeal squamous cancer tissues, the combination of cisplatin with the inhibitor of HO-1 or Nrf-2 siRNA may act as a new method to the treatment of laryngeal squamous cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Lv
- Department of Otolaryngology and Allergy, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dong-mei Song
- Department of Otolaryngology and Allergy, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-hao Niu
- Department of Otolaryngology and Allergy, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Bao-shan Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology and Allergy, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei, People's Republic of China. .,Hebei Medical University, No. 361, Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
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Thomas SC, Sharma H, Rawat P, Verma AK, Leekha A, Kumar V, Tyagi A, Gurjar BS, Iqbal Z, Talegaonkar S. Synergistic anticancer efficacy of Bendamustine Hydrochloride loaded bioactive Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles: In-vitro, ex-vivo and in-vivo evaluation. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 146:852-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Zhang C, Lu T, Wang GD, Ma C, Zhou YF. Costunolide, an active sesquiterpene lactone, induced apoptosis via ROS-mediated ER stress and JNK pathway in human U2OS cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 80:253-259. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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Mao J, Li S, Zhong J, Wang B, Jin J, Gao Z, Yang H, Bian Q. Total synthesis of panaxydol and its stereoisomers as potential anticancer agents. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Petersen KE, Rakipovski G, Raun K, Lykkesfeldt J. Does Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Ameliorate Oxidative Stress in Diabetes? Evidence Based on Experimental and Clinical Studies. Curr Diabetes Rev 2016; 12:331-358. [PMID: 26381142 PMCID: PMC5101636 DOI: 10.2174/1573399812666150918150608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) has shown to influence the oxidative stress status in a number of in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies. Well-known effects of GLP-1 including better glycemic control, decreased food intake, increased insulin release and increased insulin sensitivity may indirectly contribute to this phenomenon, but glucose-independent effects on ROS level, production and antioxidant capacity have been suggested to also play a role. The potential 'antioxidant' activity of GLP-1 along with other proposed glucose-independent modes of action related to ameliorating redox imbalance remains a controversial topic but could hold a therapeutic potential against micro- and macrovascular diabetic complications. This review discusses the presently available knowledge from experimental and clinical studies on the effects of GLP-1 on oxidative stress in diabetes and diabetes-related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jens Lykkesfeldt
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
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Kim HS, Lim JM, Kim JY, Kim Y, Park S, Sohn J. Panaxydol, a component ofPanax ginseng, induces apoptosis in cancer cells through EGFR activation and ER stress and inhibits tumor growth in mouse models. Int J Cancer 2015; 138:1432-41. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hee Suk Kim
- Department of Biochemisty; Korea University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
- Korea Institute of Molecular Medicine and Nutrition; Seoul Korea
| | - Jang Mi Lim
- Department of Biochemisty; Korea University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
- Korea Institute of Molecular Medicine and Nutrition; Seoul Korea
| | - Joo Young Kim
- Department of Biochemisty; Korea University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
- Korea Institute of Molecular Medicine and Nutrition; Seoul Korea
| | - Yongjin Kim
- Department of Biochemisty; Korea University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
- Korea Institute of Molecular Medicine and Nutrition; Seoul Korea
| | - Serkin Park
- Department of Biochemisty; Korea University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
- Korea Institute of Molecular Medicine and Nutrition; Seoul Korea
| | - Jeongwon Sohn
- Department of Biochemisty; Korea University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
- Korea Institute of Molecular Medicine and Nutrition; Seoul Korea
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Chen H, Gao W, Yang Y, Guo S, Wang H, Wang W, Zhang S, Zhou Q, Xu H, Yao J, Tian Z, Li B, Cao W, Zhang Z, Tian Y. Inhibition of VDAC1 prevents Ca²⁺-mediated oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by 5-aminolevulinic acid mediated sonodynamic therapy in THP-1 macrophages. Apoptosis 2015; 19:1712-26. [PMID: 25342393 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-014-1045-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound combined with endogenous protoporphyrin IX derived from 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA-SDT) is known to induce apoptosis in multiple cancer cells and macrophages. Persistent retention of macrophages in the plaque has been implicated in the pathophysiology and progression of atherosclerosis. Here we investigated the effects of inhibition of voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1) on ALA-SDT-induced THP-1 macrophages apoptosis. Cells were pre-treated with VDAC1 inhibitor 4,4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid (DIDS) disodium salt for 1 h or downregulated VDAC1 expression by small interfering RNA and exposed to ultrasound. Cell viability was assessed by MTT assay, and cell apoptosis along with necrosis was evaluated by Hoechst 33342/propidium iodide staining and flow cytometry. Levels of cytochrome c release was assessed by confocal microscope and Western blot. The levels of full length caspases, caspase activation, and VDAC isoforms were analyzed by Western blot. Intracellular reactive oxygen species generation, mitochondrial membrane permeability, and intracellular Ca(2+) [Ca(2+)]i levels were measured with fluorescent probes. We confirmed that the pharmacological inhibition of VDAC1 by DIDS notably prevented ALA-SDT-induced cell apoptosis in THP-1 macrophages. Additionally, DIDS significantly inhibited intracellular ROS generation and apoptotic biochemical changes such as inner mitochondrial membrane permeabilization, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, cytochrome c release and activation of caspase-3 and caspase-9. Moreover, ALA-SDT elevated the [Ca(2+)]i levels and it was also notably reduced by DIDS. Furthermore, both of intracellular ROS generation and cell apoptosis were predominately inhibited by Ca(2+) chelating reagent BAPTA-AM. Intriguingly, ALA-treatment markedly augmented VDAC1 protein levels exclusively, and the downregulation of VDAC1 expression by specific siRNA also significantly abolished cell apoptosis. Altogether, these results suggest that VDAC1 plays a crucial role in ALA-SDT-induced THP-1 macrophages apoptosis, and targeting VDAC1 is a potential way regulating macrophages apoptosis, a finding that may be relevant to therapeutic strategies against atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Cardiovascular Institute, Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
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2-Methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (MNQ) induces apoptosis of A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells via oxidation-triggered JNK and p38 MAPK signaling pathways. Life Sci 2015; 135:158-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Revised: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Zhang X, Wang X, Wu T, Li B, Liu T, Wang R, Liu Q, Liu Z, Gong Y, Shao C. Isoliensinine induces apoptosis in triple-negative human breast cancer cells through ROS generation and p38 MAPK/JNK activation. Sci Rep 2015. [PMID: 26219228 PMCID: PMC4518223 DOI: 10.1038/srep12579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Isoliensinine, liensinine and neferine are major bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids in the seed embryo of lotus (Nelumbo nucifera), and exhibit potential anti-cancer activity. Here, we explored the effects of these alkaloids on triple-negative breast cancer cells and found that among the three alkaloids isoliensinine possesses the most potent cytotoxic effect, primarily by inducing apoptosis. Interestingly, isoliensinine showed a much lower cytotoxicity against MCF-10A, a normal human breast epithelial cell line. Further studies showed that isoliensinine could significantly increase the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in triple-negative breast cancer cells, but not in MCF-10A cells. The isoliensinine-induced apoptosis could be attenuated by radical oxygen scavenger N-acetyl cysteine, suggesting that the cytotoxic effect of isoliensinine on cancer cells is at least partially achieved by inducing oxidative stress. We found that both p38 MAPK and JNK signaling pathways were activated by isoliensinine treatment and contributed to the induction of apoptosis. Furthermore, inhibitors or specific siRNAs of p38 MAPK and JNK could attenuate apoptosis induced by isoliensinine. However, only the p38 inhibitor or p38-specific siRNA blocked the elevation of ROS in isoliensinine-treated cells. Our findings thus revealed a novel antitumor effect of isoliensinine on breast cancer cells and may have therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xiyao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Tingting Wu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Boxuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Tianqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Physiology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Qiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Zhaojian Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Yaoqin Gong
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Changshun Shao
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
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Chen CY, Li ZL, Chung KT, Lu FJ, Chen CH. Liriodenine enhances the apoptosis effect of valproic acid in human colon cancer cells through oxidative stress upregulation and Akt inhibition. Process Biochem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2014.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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ONTD induces apoptosis of human hepatoma Bel-7402 cells via a MAPK-dependent mitochondrial pathway and the depletion of intracellular glutathione. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2013; 45:2632-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2013.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2013] [Revised: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 08/31/2013] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Crocetti S, Beyer C, Schade G, Egli M, Fröhlich J, Franco-Obregón A. Low intensity and frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields selectively impair breast cancer cell viability. PLoS One 2013; 8:e72944. [PMID: 24039828 PMCID: PMC3770670 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Accepted: 07/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A common drawback of many anticancer therapies is non-specificity in action of killing. We investigated the potential of ultra-low intensity and frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) to kill breast cancer cells. Our criteria to accept this technology as a potentially valid therapeutic approach were: 1) cytotoxicity to breast cancer cells and; 2) that the designed fields proved innocuous to healthy cell classes that would be exposed to the PEMFs during clinical treatment. METHODS MCF7 breast cancer cells and their normal counterparts, MCF10 cells, were exposed to PEMFs and cytotoxic indices measured in order to design PEMF paradigms that best kill breast cancer cells. The PEMF parameters tested were: 1) frequencies ranging from 20 to 50 Hz; 2) intensities ranging from 2 mT to 5 mT and; 3) exposure durations ranging from 30 to 90 minutes per day for up to three days to determine the optimum parameters for selective cancer cell killing. RESULTS We observed a discrete window of vulnerability of MCF7 cells to PEMFs of 20 Hz frequency, 3 mT magnitude and exposure duration of 60 minutes per day. The cell damage accrued in response to PEMFs increased with time and gained significance after three days of consecutive daily exposure. By contrast, the PEMFs parameters determined to be most cytotoxic to breast cancer MCF-7 cells were not damaging to normal MCF-10 cells. CONCLUSION Based on our data it appears that PEMF-based anticancer strategies may represent a new therapeutic approach to treat breast cancer without affecting normal tissues in a manner that is non-invasive and can be potentially combined with existing anti-cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Crocetti
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Institute of Biomechanics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christian Beyer
- Electromagnetic Fields and Microwave Electronics Laboratory, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Grit Schade
- Amphasys AG, Technopark Luzern, Root D4, Switzerland
| | - Marcel Egli
- The Center of Competence in Aerospace Biomedical Science and Technology, Lucerne University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Hergiswil, Switzerland
| | - Jürg Fröhlich
- Electromagnetic Fields and Microwave Electronics Laboratory, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alfredo Franco-Obregón
- Institute of Biomechanics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Surgery, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- * E-mail:
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Grape seed extract triggers apoptosis in Caco-2 human colon cancer cells through reactive oxygen species and calcium increase: extracellular signal-regulated kinase involvement. Br J Nutr 2013; 110:797-809. [PMID: 23433299 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114512006095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Grape seed extract (GSE) from Italia, Palieri and Red Globe cultivars inhibits cell growth and induces apoptosis in Caco-2 human colon cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. In order to investigate the mechanism(s) supporting the apoptotic process, we analysed reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, intracellular Ca2+ handling and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation. Upon exposure to GSE, ROS and intracellular Ca2+ levels increased in Caco-2 cells, concomitantly with ERK inactivation. As ERK activity is thought to be essential for promoting survival pathways, inhibition of this kinase is likely to play a relevant role in GSE-mediated anticancer effects. Indeed, pretreatment with N-acetyl cysteine, a ROS scavenger, reversed GSE-induced apoptosis, and promoted ERK phosphorylation. This effect was strengthened by ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid-mediated inhibition of extracellular Ca2+ influx. ROS and Ca2+ influx inhibition, in turn, increased ERK phosphorylation, and hence almost entirely suppressed GSE-mediated apoptosis. These data suggested that GSE triggers a previously unrecognised ERK-based mechanism, involving both ROS production and intracellular Ca2+ increase, eventually leading to apoptosis in cancer cells.
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Abstract
Background: Breast cancer, a heterogeneous disease has been broadly classified into oestrogen receptor positive (ER+) or oestrogen receptor negative (ER−) tumour types. Each of these tumours is dependent on specific signalling pathways for their progression. While high levels of survivin, an anti-apoptotic protein, increases aggressive behaviour in ER− breast tumours, oxidative stress (OS) promotes the progression of ER+ breast tumours. Mechanisms and molecular targets by which OS promotes tumourigenesis remain poorly understood. Results: DETA-NONOate, a nitric oxide (NO)-donor induces OS in breast cancer cell lines by early re-localisation and downregulation of cellular survivin. Using in vivo models of HMLEHRAS xenografts and E2-induced breast tumours in ACI rats, we demonstrate that high OS downregulates survivin during initiation of tumourigenesis. Overexpression of survivin in HMLEHRAS cells led to a significant delay in tumour initiation and tumour volume in nude mice. This inverse relationship between survivin and OS was also observed in ER+ human breast tumours. We also demonstrate an upregulation of NADPH oxidase-1 (NOX1) and its activating protein p67, which are novel markers of OS in E2-induced tumours in ACI rats and as well as in ER+ human breast tumours. Conclusion: Our data, therefore, suggest that downregulation of survivin could be an important early event by which OS initiates breast tumour formation.
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Shi M, Zhang T, Sun L, Luo Y, Liu DH, Xie ST, Song XY, Wang GF, Chen XL, Zhou BC, Zhang YZ. Calpain, Atg5 and Bak play important roles in the crosstalk between apoptosis and autophagy induced by influx of extracellular calcium. Apoptosis 2012; 18:435-51. [DOI: 10.1007/s10495-012-0786-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Chen CH, Chen SJ, Su CC, Yen CC, Tseng TJ, Jinn TR, Tang FC, Chen KL, Su YC, Lee KI, Hung DZ, Huang CF. Chloroacetic acid induced neuronal cells death through oxidative stress-mediated p38-MAPK activation pathway regulated mitochondria-dependent apoptotic signals. Toxicology 2012; 303:72-82. [PMID: 23103613 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2012.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2012] [Revised: 10/16/2012] [Accepted: 10/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Chloroacetic acid (CA), a toxic chlorinated analog of acetic acid, is widely used in chemical industries as an herbicide, detergent, and disinfectant, and chemical intermediates that are formed during the synthesis of various products. In addition, CA has been found as a by-product of chlorination disinfection of drinking water. However, there is little known about neurotoxic injuries of CA on the mammalian, the toxic effects and molecular mechanisms of CA-induced neuronal cell injury are mostly unknown. In this study, we examined the cytotoxicity of CA on cultured Neuro-2a cells and investigated the possible mechanisms of CA-induced neurotoxicity. Treatment of Neuro-2a cells with CA significantly reduced the number of viable cells (in a dose-dependent manner with a range from 0.1 to 3mM), increased the generation of ROS, and reduced the intracellular levels of glutathione depletion. CA also increased the number of sub-G1 hypodiploid cells; increased mitochondrial dysfunction (loss of MMP, cytochrome c release, and accompanied by Bcl-2 and Mcl-1 down-regulation and Bax up-regulation), and activated the caspase cascades activations, which displayed features of mitochondria-dependent apoptosis pathway. These CA-induced apoptosis-related signals were markedly prevented by the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC). Moreover, CA activated the JNK and p38-MAPK pathways, but did not that ERK1/2 pathway, in treated Neuro-2a cells. Pretreatment with NAC and specific p38-MAPK inhibitor (SB203580), but not JNK inhibitor (SP600125) effectively abrogated the phosphorylation of p38-MAPK and attenuated the apoptotic signals (including: decrease in cytotoxicity, caspase-3/-7 activation, the cytosolic cytochrome c release, and the reversed alteration of Bcl-2 and Bax mRNA) in CA-treated Neuro-2a cells. Taken together, these data suggest that oxidative stress-induced p38-MAPK activated pathway-regulated mitochondria-dependent apoptosis plays an important role in CA-caused neuronal cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hung Chen
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
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The apoptotic volume decrease is an upstream event of MAP kinase activation during Staurosporine-induced apoptosis in HeLa cells. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:9363-9379. [PMID: 22942770 PMCID: PMC3430301 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13079363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2012] [Revised: 07/18/2012] [Accepted: 07/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent cell shrinkage, called apoptotic volume decrease (AVD), is a pivotal event of apoptosis. Activation of the volume-sensitive outwardly rectifying Cl− channel (VSOR) is involved in the AVD induction. On the other hand, activation of the MAP kinase (MAPK) cascade is also known to play a critical role in apoptosis. In the present study, we investigated the relationship between the AVD induction and the stress-responsive MAPK cascade activation during the apoptosis process induced by staurosporine (STS) in HeLa cells. STS was found to induce AVD within 2–5 min and phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 MAPK after over 20–30 min. VSOR blockers suppressed not only STS-induced AVD but also phosphorylation of JNK and p38 as well as activation of caspase-3/7. Moreover, a p38 inhibitor, SB203580, and a JNK inhibitor, SP600125, failed to affect STS-induced AVD, whereas these compounds reduced STS-induced activation of caspase-3/7. Also, treatment with ASK1-specific siRNA suppressed STS-induced caspase-3/7 activation without affecting the AVD induction. Furthermore, sustained osmotic cell shrinkage per se was found to trigger phosphorylation of JNK and p38, caspase activation, and cell death. Thus, it is suggested that activation of p38 and JNK is a downstream event of AVD for the STS-induced apoptosis of HeLa cells.
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