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Sung E, Park J, Lee H, Song G, Lim W. Bifenthrin induces cell death in bovine mammary epithelial cells via ROS generation, calcium ion homeostasis disruption, and MAPK signaling cascade alteration. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 196:105637. [PMID: 37945236 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Bifenthrin is one of the widely used synthetic pyrethroid insecticides, employed for various purposes worldwide. As lipophilic pyrethroids can easily bind to soil particles, which is why their residues are detected in various environments. Consequently, the toxicity of bifenthrin to non-target organisms can be regarded as an environmental concern. The toxic effects of bifenthrin have been studied in various animal models and cell lines; however, its toxic effects on cattle remain unclear. In particular, gaining insights into the toxic effects of bifenthrin on the mammary lactation system is crucial for the dairy industry. Therefore, we proceeded to investigate the toxic effects of bifenthrin on the bovine mammary epithelial cells (MAC-T cells). We established that bifenthrin inhibited cell proliferation and triggered apoptosis in MAC-T cells. Additionally, bifenthrin induced mitochondrial dysfunction and altered inflammatory gene expression by disrupting mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and generating excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS). We also demonstrated that bifenthrin disrupted both cytosolic and mitochondrial calcium ion homeostasis. Furthermore, bifenthrin altered mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascades and downregulated casein-related genes. Collectively, we confirmed the multiple toxic effects of bifenthrin on MAC-T cells, which could potentially reduce milk yield and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunho Sung
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Junho Park
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojun Lee
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Whasun Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Mahoney H, Cantin J, Xie Y, Brinkmann M, Giesy JP. Perfluoroethylcyclohexane sulphonate, an emerging perfluoroalkyl substance, disrupts mitochondrial membranes and the expression of key molecular targets in vitro. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 257:106453. [PMID: 36848694 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Perfluoroethylcyclohexane sulphonate (PFECHS) is an emerging, replacement perfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) with little information available on the toxic effects or potencies with which to characterize its potential impacts on aquatic environments. This study aimed to characterize effects of PFECHS using in vitro systems, including rainbow trout liver cells (RTL-W1 cell line) and lymphocytes separated from whole blood. It was determined that exposure to PFECHS caused minor acute toxic effects for most endpoints and that little PFECHS was concentrated into cells with a mean in vitro bioconcentration factor of 81 ± 25 L/kg. However, PFECHS was observed to affect the mitochondrial membrane and key molecular receptors, such as the peroxisome proliferator receptor, cytochrome p450-dependent monooxygenases, and receptors involved in oxidative stress. Also, glutathione-S-transferase was significantly down-regulated at a near environmentally relevant exposure concentration of 400 ng/L. These results are the first to report bioconcentration of PFECHS, as well as its effects on the peroxisome proliferator and glutathione-S-transferase receptors, suggesting that even with little bioconcentration, PFECHS has potential to cause adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Mahoney
- Toxicology Center, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - Jenna Cantin
- Toxicology Center, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - Yuwei Xie
- Toxicology Center, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - Markus Brinkmann
- Toxicology Center, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B3, Canada; School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, 117 Science Pl, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C8, Canada; Global Institute for Water Security, University of Saskatchewan, 11 Innovation Blvd, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C8, Canada; Centre for Hydrology, University of Saskatchewan, 121 Research Dr, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C8, Canada.
| | - John P Giesy
- Toxicology Center, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B3, Canada; Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C8, Canada; Department of Integrative Biology and Center for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, One Bear Place #97266, Waco, TX 76798-7266, USA
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3
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Karki P, Angardi V, Mier JC, Orman MA. A Transient Metabolic State in Melanoma Persister Cells Mediated by Chemotherapeutic Treatments. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 8:780192. [PMID: 35155562 PMCID: PMC8829428 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.780192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistence is a transient state that poses an important health concern in cancer therapy. The mechanisms associated with persister phenotypes are highly diverse and complex, and many aspects of persister cell physiology remain to be explored. We applied a melanoma cell line and panel of chemotherapeutic agents to show that melanoma persister cells are not necessarily preexisting dormant cells; in fact, they may be induced by cancer chemotherapeutics. Our metabolomics analysis and phenotype microarray assays further demonstrated a transient upregulation in Krebs cycle metabolism in persister cells. We also verified that targeting electron transport chain activity can significantly reduce melanoma persister levels. The reported metabolic remodeling feature seems to be a conserved characteristic of melanoma persistence, as it has been observed in various melanoma persister subpopulations derived from a diverse range of chemotherapeutics. Elucidating a global metabolic mechanism that contributes to persister survival and reversible switching will ultimately foster the development of novel cancer therapeutic strategies.
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4
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Wu L, Liu X, Cao KX, Ni ZH, Li WD, Chen ZP. Synergistic antitumor effects of rhein and doxorubicin in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. J Cell Biochem 2018; 121:4009-4021. [PMID: 30378155 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the synergistic antitumor activity of rhein and doxorubicin (DOX) and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms in hepatocellular SMMC-7721 and HepG2 cells. Cell growth curves, caspase-3 activity, and intracellular DOX accumulation were observed using an IncuCyte real-time video imaging system. Combination index was used to calculate synergistic potential of rhein and DOX. Cell apoptosis was detected by the Annexin V-FITC/PI apoptosis kit. Lactate dehydrogenase and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels were assessed using an assay kit. Oxygen consumption rates (OCR) and extracellular acidification rates were assessed by the Seahorse XFe96 Extracellular Flux Analyzer. Mitochondrial inner membrane potential (ΔΨm) was monitored with JC-1 fluorescence. Western blot analysis was used to detect the level of P-glycoprotein. Synergistic antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects were exerted by the combination of rhein at 10 μM and DOX at 2 μM in SMMC-7721 and HepG2 cells. Rhein could influenced the accumulation of DOX in both cells, which was associated with remarkably decreased mitochondrial energy metabolism and ATP levels. Rhein could reduce ΔΨm in both cells. mPTP, opener atractyloside (ATR) could accelerate the loss of ΔΨm, and further suppress the OCR induced by rhein. In contrast, the mPTP blocker cyclosporin A (Cs A) inhibited the loss of ΔΨm and the OCR induced by rhein. Our data indicate that a decline in mitochondrial energy metabolism was responsible for the synergistic antitumor effects of rhein and DOX in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Reduction of ΔΨm and opening of mPTP inhibited the exchange of ATP/adenosine diphosphate between mitochondrial matrix and cytoplasm is the important mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Engineering Center of State Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ke Xin Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zi Hui Ni
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Dong Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Engineering Center of State Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhi Peng Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Engineering Center of State Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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5
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Multitalented EspB of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) enters cells autonomously and induces programmed cell death in human monocytic THP-1 cells. Int J Med Microbiol 2018; 308:387-404. [PMID: 29550166 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) subvert host cell signaling pathways by injecting effector proteins via a Type 3 Secretion System (T3SS). The T3SS-dependent EspB protein is a multi-functional effector protein, which contributes to adherence and translocator pore formation and after injection exhibits several intracellular activities. In addition, EspB is also secreted into the environment. Effects of secreted EspB have not been reported thus far. As a surrogate for secreted EspB we employed recombinant EspB (rEspB) derived from the prototype EPEC strain E2348/69 and investigated the interactions of the purified protein with different human epithelial and immune cells including monocytic THP-1 cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, U-937, epithelial T84, Caco-2, and HeLa cells. To assess whether these proteins might exert a cytotoxic effect we monitored the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) as well as propidium iodide (PI) uptake. For comparison, we also investigated several homologs of EspB such as IpaD of Shigella, and SipC, SipD, SseB, and SseD of Salmonella as purified recombinant proteins. Interestingly, cytotoxicity was only observed in THP-1 cells and macrophages, whereas epithelial cells remained unaffected. Cell fractionation and immune fluorescence experiments showed that rEspB enters cells autonomously, which suggests that EspB might qualify as a novel cell-penetrating effector protein (CPE). Using specific organelle tracers and inhibitors of signaling pathways we found that rEspB destroys the mitochondrial membrane potential - an indication of programmed cell death induction in THP-1 cells. Here we show that EspB not only constitutes an essential part of the T3SS-nanomachine and contributes to the arsenal of injected effector proteins but, furthermore, that secreted (recombinant) EspB autonomously enters host cells and selectively induces cell death in immune cells.
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6
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Jantas D, Piotrowski M, Lason W. An Involvement of PI3-K/Akt Activation and Inhibition of AIF Translocation in Neuroprotective Effects of Undecylenic Acid (UDA) Against Pro-Apoptotic Factors-Induced Cell Death in Human Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y Cells. J Cell Biochem 2016; 116:2882-95. [PMID: 26012840 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Undecylenic acid (UDA), a naturally occurring 11-carbon unsaturated fatty acid, has been used for several years as an economical antifungal agent and a nutritional supplement. Recently, the potential usefulness of UDA as a neuroprotective drug has been suggested based on the ability of this agent to inhibit μ-calpain activity. In order to verify neuroprotective potential of UDA, we tested protective efficacy of this compound against cell damage evoked by pro-apoptotic factors (staurosporine and doxorubicin) and oxidative stress (hydrogen peroxide) in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. We showed that UDA partially protected SH-SY5Y cells against the staurosporine- and doxorubicin-evoked cell death; however, this effect was not connected with its influence on caspase-3 activity. UDA decreased the St-induced changes in mitochondrial and cytosolic AIF level, whereas in Dox-model it affected only the cytosolic AIF content. Moreover, UDA (1-40 μM) decreased the hydrogen peroxide-induced cell damage which was connected with attenuation of hydrogen peroxide-mediated necrotic (PI staining, ADP/ATP ratio) and apoptotic (mitochondrial membrane potential, caspase-3 activation, AIF translocation) changes. Finally, we demonstrated that an inhibitor of PI3-K/Akt (LY294002) but not MAPK/ERK1/2 (U0126) pathway blocked the protection mediated by UDA in all tested models of SH-SY5Y cell injury. These in vitro data point to UDA as potentially effective neuroprotectant the utility of which should be further validated in animal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danuta Jantas
- Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Marek Piotrowski
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Wladyslaw Lason
- Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
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7
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Lofrumento DD, La Piana G, Palmitessa V, Abbrescia DI, Lofrumento NE. Stimulation by pro-apoptotic valinomycin of cytosolic NADH/cytochrome c electron transport pathway-Effect of SH reagents. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 76:12-8. [PMID: 27129925 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2016.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis are both characterised by the presence of cytochrome c (cyto-c) in the cytosol. We present data on the extra-mitochondrial NADH oxidation catalysed by exogenous (cytosolic) cyto-c, as a possible answer to the paradox of apoptosis being an energy-dependent program but characterized by the impairment of the respiratory chain. The reduction of molecular oxygen induced by the cytosolic NADH/cyto-c pathway is coupled to the generation of an electrochemical proton gradient available for ATP synthesis. Original findings show that SH reagents inhibit the NADH/cyto-c system with a conformational change mechanism. The mitochondrial integrity-test of sulfite oxidase unequivocally demonstrates that this enzyme (120kDa) can be released outside but exogenous cyto-c (12.5kDa) does not permeate into mitochondria. Valinomycin at 2nM stimulates both the energy-dependent reversible mitochondrial swelling and the NADH/cyto-c oxidation pathway. The pro-apoptotic activity of valinomycin, as well as to the dissipation of membrane potential, can be also ascribed to the increased activity of the NADH/cyto-c oxidation pathway useful as an additional source of energy for apoptosis. It can be speculated that the activation of the NADH/cyto-c system coupled to valinomycin-induced mitochondrial osmotic swelling may represent a strategy to activate apoptosis in confined solid tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Domenico Lofrumento
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Gianluigi La Piana
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Valeria Palmitessa
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Nicola Elio Lofrumento
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
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8
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Hibbitts A, O'Mahony AM, Forde E, Nolan L, Ogier J, Desgranges S, Darcy R, MacLoughlin R, O'Driscoll CM, Cryan SA. Early-stage development of novel cyclodextrin-siRNA nanocomplexes allows for successful postnebulization transfection of bronchial epithelial cells. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv 2015; 27:466-77. [PMID: 24665866 DOI: 10.1089/jamp.2013.1045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Successful delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) to the lungs remains hampered by poor intracellular delivery, vector-mediated cytotoxicity, and an inability to withstand nebulization. Recently, a novel cyclodextrin (CD), SC12CDClickpropylamine, consisting of distinct lipophilic and cationic subunits, has been shown to transfect a number of cell types. However, the suitability of this vector for pulmonary siRNA delivery has not been assessed to date. To address this, a series of high-content analysis (HCA) and postnebulization assays were devised to determine the potential for CD-siRNA delivery to the lungs. METHODS SC12CDClickpropylamine-siRNA mass ratios (MRs) were examined for size and zeta potential. In-depth analysis of nanocomplex uptake and toxicity in Calu-3 bronchial epithelial cells was examined using IN Cell(®) HCA assays. Nebulized SC12CDClickpropylamine nanocomplexes were assessed for volumetric median diameter (VMD) and fine particle fraction (FPF) and compared with saline controls. Finally, postnebulization stability was determined by comparing luciferase knockdown elicited by SC12CDClickpropylamine nanocomplexes before and after nebulization. RESULTS SC12CDClickpropylamine-siRNA complexation formed cationic nanocomplexes of ≤200 nm in size depending on the medium and led to significantly higher levels of siRNA associated with Calu-3 cells compared with RNAiFect-siRNA-treated cells at all MRs (p<0.001, n=3×4), with evidence of toxicity only at MRs 50-100. Nebulization of SC12CDClickpropylamine nanocomplexes using the Aeroneb(®) Pro resulted in VMDs of ∼4 μm and FPFs of ∼57% at all MRs. SC12CDClickpropylamine-siRNA-mediated luciferase knockdown was found to be 39.8±3.6% at MR=20 before and 35.6±4.55% after nebulization, comparable to results observed using unnebulized commercial transfection reagent, RNAiFect. CONCLUSIONS SC12CDClickpropylamine nanocomplexes can be effectively nebulized for pulmonary delivery of siRNA using Aeroneb technology to mediate knockdown in airway cells. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study examining the suitability of SC12CDClickpropylamine-siRNA nanocomplexes for pulmonary delivery. Furthermore, this work provides an integrated nanomedicine-device combination for future in vitro and in vivo preclinical and clinical studies of inhaled siRNA therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hibbitts
- 1 School of Pharmacy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland , Dublin, Ireland
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9
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Brazhe NA, Evlyukhin AB, Goodilin EA, Semenova AA, Novikov SM, Bozhevolnyi SI, Chichkov BN, Sarycheva AS, Baizhumanov AA, Nikelshparg EI, Deev LI, Maksimov EG, Maksimov GV, Sosnovtseva O. Probing cytochrome c in living mitochondria with surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. Sci Rep 2015; 5:13793. [PMID: 26346634 PMCID: PMC4561893 DOI: 10.1038/srep13793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Selective study of the electron transport chain components in living mitochondria is essential for fundamental biophysical research and for the development of new medical diagnostic methods. However, many important details of inter- and intramembrane mitochondrial processes have remained in shadow due to the lack of non-invasive techniques. Here we suggest a novel label-free approach based on the surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) to monitor the redox state and conformation of cytochrome c in the electron transport chain in living mitochondria. We demonstrate that SERS spectra of living mitochondria placed on hierarchically structured silver-ring substrates provide exclusive information about cytochrome c behavior under modulation of inner mitochondrial membrane potential, proton gradient and the activity of ATP-synthetase. Mathematical simulation explains the observed enhancement of Raman scattering due to high concentration of electric near-field and large contact area between mitochondria and nanostructured surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadezda A. Brazhe
- Department of Biophysics, Biological Faculty, Moscow State University, Leninskie gory 1/12, Moscow, 119234, Russia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Copenhagen University, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen, DK-2200, Denmark
| | - Andrey B. Evlyukhin
- Laser Zentrum Hannover e. V., Hollerihallee 8, D-30419 Hannover, Germany
- Department of Technology and Innovation, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, DK-5230 Denmark
| | - Eugene A. Goodilin
- Department of Nanomaterials, Faculty of Material Sciences, Moscow State University, Moscow, Leninskie gory 1/73, 119991, Russia
- Department of Inorganic chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Moscow State University, Moscow, Leninskie gory 1/3, 119991, Russia
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Leninskiy prospekt, 119992, Russia
| | - Anna A. Semenova
- Department of Nanomaterials, Faculty of Material Sciences, Moscow State University, Moscow, Leninskie gory 1/73, 119991, Russia
| | - Sergey M. Novikov
- Department of Technology and Innovation, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, DK-5230 Denmark
| | - Sergey I. Bozhevolnyi
- Department of Technology and Innovation, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, DK-5230 Denmark
| | - Boris N. Chichkov
- Laser Zentrum Hannover e. V., Hollerihallee 8, D-30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Asya S. Sarycheva
- Department of Nanomaterials, Faculty of Material Sciences, Moscow State University, Moscow, Leninskie gory 1/73, 119991, Russia
| | - Adil A. Baizhumanov
- Department of Biophysics, Biological Faculty, Moscow State University, Leninskie gory 1/12, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - Evelina I. Nikelshparg
- Department of Biophysics, Biological Faculty, Moscow State University, Leninskie gory 1/12, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - Leonid I. Deev
- Department of Biophysics, Biological Faculty, Moscow State University, Leninskie gory 1/12, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - Eugene G. Maksimov
- Department of Biophysics, Biological Faculty, Moscow State University, Leninskie gory 1/12, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - Georgy V. Maksimov
- Department of Biophysics, Biological Faculty, Moscow State University, Leninskie gory 1/12, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - Olga Sosnovtseva
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Copenhagen University, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen, DK-2200, Denmark
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10
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Kamalian L, Chadwick AE, Bayliss M, French NS, Monshouwer M, Snoeys J, Park BK. The utility of HepG2 cells to identify direct mitochondrial dysfunction in the absence of cell death. Toxicol In Vitro 2015; 29:732-40. [PMID: 25746382 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2015.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Revised: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Drug-induced mitochondrial dysfunction has been hypothesized to be an important determining factor in the onset of drug-induced liver injury. It is essential to develop robust screens with which to identify drug-induced mitochondrial toxicity and to dissect its role in hepatotoxicity. In this study we have characterised a mechanistically refined HepG2 model, using a panel of selected hepatotoxicants and non-hepatotoxicants. We have demonstrated that acute metabolic modification, via glucose-deprivation over a 4 h period immediately prior to compound addition, is sufficient to allow the identification of drugs which induce mitochondrial dysfunction, in the absence of cell death over a short exposure (2-8 h) using a plate-based screen to measure cellular ATP content and cytotoxicity. These effects were verified by measuring changes in cellular respiration, via oxygen consumption and extracellular acidification rates. Overall, these studies demonstrate the utility of HepG2 cells for the identification of mitochondrial toxins which act directly on the electron transport chain and that the dual assessment of ATP content alongside cytotoxicity provides an enhanced mechanistic understanding of the causes of toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laleh Kamalian
- MRC Centre for Drug Safety Science, The Department of Clinical and Molecular Pharmacology, The University of Liverpool, Ashton Street, Liverpool L69 3GE, UK
| | - Amy E Chadwick
- MRC Centre for Drug Safety Science, The Department of Clinical and Molecular Pharmacology, The University of Liverpool, Ashton Street, Liverpool L69 3GE, UK.
| | - Mark Bayliss
- MRC Centre for Drug Safety Science, The Department of Clinical and Molecular Pharmacology, The University of Liverpool, Ashton Street, Liverpool L69 3GE, UK
| | - Neil S French
- MRC Centre for Drug Safety Science, The Department of Clinical and Molecular Pharmacology, The University of Liverpool, Ashton Street, Liverpool L69 3GE, UK
| | - Mario Monshouwer
- Pharmacokinetics Dynamics and Metabolism, Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Jan Snoeys
- Pharmacokinetics Dynamics and Metabolism, Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium
| | - B Kevin Park
- MRC Centre for Drug Safety Science, The Department of Clinical and Molecular Pharmacology, The University of Liverpool, Ashton Street, Liverpool L69 3GE, UK
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11
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Staedler D, Passemard S, Magouroux T, Rogov A, Maguire CM, Mohamed BM, Schwung S, Rytz D, Jüstel T, Hwu S, Mugnier Y, Le Dantec R, Volkov Y, Gerber-Lemaire S, Prina-Mello A, Bonacina L, Wolf JP. Cellular uptake and biocompatibility of bismuth ferrite harmonic advanced nanoparticles. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2015; 11:815-24. [PMID: 25652898 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2014.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2014] [Revised: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Bismuth Ferrite (BFO) nanoparticles (BFO-NP) display interesting optical (nonlinear response) and magnetic properties which make them amenable for bio-oriented diagnostic applications as intra- and extra membrane contrast agents. Due to the relatively recent availability of this material in well dispersed nanometric form, its biocompatibility was not known to date. In this study, we present a thorough assessment of the effects of in vitro exposure of human adenocarcinoma (A549), lung squamous carcinoma (NCI-H520), and acute monocytic leukemia (THP-1) cell lines to uncoated and poly(ethylene glycol)-coated BFO-NP in the form of cytotoxicity, haemolytic response and biocompatibility. Our results support the attractiveness of the functional-BFO towards biomedical applications focused on advanced diagnostic imaging. FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR Bismuth Ferrite nanoparticles (BFO-NP) have been recently successfully introduced as photodynamic tools and imaging probes. However, how these nanoparticles interact with various cells at the cellular level remains poorly understood. In this study, the authors performed in vitro experiments to assess the effects of uncoated and PEG-coated BFO-NP in the form of cytotoxicity, haemolytic response and biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Staedler
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, EPFL, Batochime, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Solène Passemard
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, EPFL, Batochime, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thibaud Magouroux
- GAP-Biophotonics, Université de Genève, 22 Chemin de Pinchat, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - Andrii Rogov
- GAP-Biophotonics, Université de Genève, 22 Chemin de Pinchat, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - Ciaran Manus Maguire
- Nanomedicine Laboratory and Molecular Imaging Group, School of Medicine, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Trinity College, D8, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Bashir M Mohamed
- Nanomedicine Laboratory and Molecular Imaging Group, School of Medicine, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Trinity College, D8, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Daniel Rytz
- FEE Gmbh, Struthstrasse 2, 55743 Idar-Oberstein, Germany
| | - Thomas Jüstel
- Fachbereich Chemieingenieurwesen, Fachhochschule Münster, Stegerwaldstrasse 39, 48565 Steinfurt, Germany
| | - Stéphanie Hwu
- GAP-Biophotonics, Université de Genève, 22 Chemin de Pinchat, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Yuri Volkov
- Nanomedicine Laboratory and Molecular Imaging Group, School of Medicine, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Trinity College, D8, Dublin, Ireland; AMBER Centre and CRANN Institute, Trinity College, D2, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sandrine Gerber-Lemaire
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, EPFL, Batochime, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Adriele Prina-Mello
- Nanomedicine Laboratory and Molecular Imaging Group, School of Medicine, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Trinity College, D8, Dublin, Ireland; AMBER Centre and CRANN Institute, Trinity College, D2, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Luigi Bonacina
- GAP-Biophotonics, Université de Genève, 22 Chemin de Pinchat, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland.
| | - Jean-Pierre Wolf
- GAP-Biophotonics, Université de Genève, 22 Chemin de Pinchat, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
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12
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Zhao G, Yu YM, Shoup TM, Elmaleh DR, Bonab AA, Tompkins RG, Fischman AJ. Membrane potential-dependent uptake of 18F-triphenylphosphonium--a new voltage sensor as an imaging agent for detecting burn-induced apoptosis. J Surg Res 2014; 188:473-9. [PMID: 24582214 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2014.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Revised: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial dysfunction has been closely related to many pathologic processes, such as cellular apoptosis. Alterations in organelle membrane potential are associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. A fluorine-18 labeled phosphonium compound: (18)F-triphenylphosphonium ((18)F-TPP) was prepared to determine its potential use as a mitochondria-targeting radiopharmaceutical to evaluate cellular apoptosis. METHODS Studies were conducted in both ex vivo cell lines and in vivo using a burned animal model. Uptake of (18)F-TPP was assessed in PC-3 cells by gamma counting under the following conditions: graded levels of extracellular potassium concentrations, incubation with carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone and staurosporine. Apoptosis was studied in a burn animal model using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling staining and simultaneous assessment of (18)F-TPP uptake by biodistribution. RESULTS We found that stepwise membrane depolarization by potassium (K) resulted in a linear decrease in (18)F-TPP uptake, with a slope of 0.62 ± 0.08 and a correlation coefficient of 0.936 ± 0.11. Gradually increased concentrations of m-chlorophenylhydrazone lead to decreased uptake of (18)F-TPP. Staurosporine significantly decreased the uptake of (18)F-TPP in PC-3 cells from 14.2 ± 3.8% to 5.6 ± 1.3% (P < 0.001). Burn-induced significant apoptosis (sham: 4.4 ± 1.8% versus burn: 24.6 ± 6.7 %; P < 0.005) and a reduced uptake of tracer in the spleens of burn-injured animals as compared with sham burn controls (burn: 1.13 ± 0.24% versus sham: 3.28 ± 0.67%; P < 0.005). Biodistribution studies demonstrated that burn-induced significant reduction in (18)F-TPP uptake in spleen, heart, lung, and liver, which were associated with significantly increased apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS (18)F-TPP is a promising new voltage sensor for detecting mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in various tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaofeng Zhao
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Shriners Hospitals for Children, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yong-Ming Yu
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Shriners Hospitals for Children, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Timothy M Shoup
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Shriners Hospitals for Children, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David R Elmaleh
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Shriners Hospitals for Children, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ali A Bonab
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Shriners Hospitals for Children, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ronald G Tompkins
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Shriners Hospitals for Children, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alan J Fischman
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Shriners Hospitals for Children, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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13
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Iacobazzi RM, Annese C, Azzariti A, D’Accolti L, Franco M, Fusco C, La Piana G, Laquintana V, Denora N. Antitumor potential of conjugable valinomycins bearing hydroxyl sites: in vitro studies. ACS Med Chem Lett 2013; 4:1189-92. [PMID: 24900628 DOI: 10.1021/ml400300q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Following our pioneering studies on the direct and efficient introduction of derivatizable hydroxyl handles into the valinomycin (VLM, 1) structure, a K(+)-ionophore with potent antitumor activity, the ensuing conjugable analogues (HyVLMs 2, 3, and 4) have herein been compared to the parent macrocycle for their potential antiproliferative effects on a panel of cancer cell lines, namely, human MCF-7, A2780, and HepG2, as well as rat C6 cells. On the basis of IC50 values, we find that hydroxyl analogues 3 and 4 are only moderately less active than 1, while analogue 2 experiences a heavily diminished activity. Cytofluorimetric analyses of MCF-7 cells treated with HyVLMs suggest that the latter depolarize mitochondria, thus retaining the typical VLM behavior. It is likely that C6 cells, for which the exceptionally potent cytotoxicity of VLM has never reported previously, follow the same fate, as evidenced by alteration of mitochondrial morphology upon incubation with each ionophore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa M. Iacobazzi
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari “A. Moro”, via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Cosimo Annese
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari “A. Moro”, via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
- CNR-Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici (ICCOM), Bari Section, via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Amalia Azzariti
- Istituto tumori IRCCS ″Giovanni Paolo II″, viale Flacco 65, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Lucia D’Accolti
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari “A. Moro”, via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
- CNR-Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici (ICCOM), Bari Section, via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Massimo Franco
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari “A. Moro”, via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Caterina Fusco
- CNR-Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici (ICCOM), Bari Section, via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Gianluigi La Piana
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Biotecnologie e Biofarmaceutica, Università degli Studi di Bari “A. Moro” via Orabona
4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Valentino Laquintana
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari “A. Moro”, via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Nunzio Denora
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari “A. Moro”, via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
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14
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Annese C, Abbrescia DI, Catucci L, D'Accolti L, Denora N, Fanizza I, Fusco C, La Piana G. Site-dependent biological activity of valinomycin analogs bearing derivatizable hydroxyl sites. J Pept Sci 2013; 19:751-7. [DOI: 10.1002/psc.2571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Revised: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cosimo Annese
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Università degli Studi di Bari A. Moro; via Orabona 4 70126 Bari Italy
- CNR-Istituto dei Composti Organometallici (ICCOM), Bari section; via Orabona 4 70126 Bari Italy
| | - Daniela I. Abbrescia
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Biotecnologie e Biofarmaceutica; Università degli Studi di Bari A. Moro; via Orabona 4 70126 Bari Italy
| | - Lucia Catucci
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Università degli Studi di Bari A. Moro; via Orabona 4 70126 Bari Italy
| | - Lucia D'Accolti
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Università degli Studi di Bari A. Moro; via Orabona 4 70126 Bari Italy
- CNR-Istituto dei Composti Organometallici (ICCOM), Bari section; via Orabona 4 70126 Bari Italy
| | - Nunzio Denora
- Dipartimento di Farmacia - Scienze del Farmaco; Università degli Studi di Bari A. Moro; via Orabona 4 70126 Bari Italy
| | - Immacolata Fanizza
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Biotecnologie e Biofarmaceutica; Università degli Studi di Bari A. Moro; via Orabona 4 70126 Bari Italy
| | - Caterina Fusco
- CNR-Istituto dei Composti Organometallici (ICCOM), Bari section; via Orabona 4 70126 Bari Italy
| | - Gianluigi La Piana
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Biotecnologie e Biofarmaceutica; Università degli Studi di Bari A. Moro; via Orabona 4 70126 Bari Italy
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15
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Klein B, Wörndl K, Lütz-Meindl U, Kerschbaum HH. Perturbation of intracellular K(+) homeostasis with valinomycin promotes cell death by mitochondrial swelling and autophagic processes. Apoptosis 2012; 16:1101-17. [PMID: 21877215 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-011-0642-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Perturbation of cellular K(+) homeostasis is a common motif in apoptosis but it is unknown whether a decrease in intracellular K(+) alone is sufficient to replicate apoptotic hallmarks. We investigated, which mode of cell death is induced by decreasing the intracellular K(+) concentration using valinomycin, a highly K(+)-selective ionophore. Valinomycin treatment induced mitochondrial swelling and minor nuclear changes in cell lines (BV-2, C6, HEK 293), and in primary mouse microglia and astrocytes. In the microglial cell line BV-2, we identified and quantified three phenotypes in valinomycin-exposed cells. The first and most prevalent phenotype (62 ± 2%) was characterized by swollen mitochondria and no chromatin condensation, and the second (25 ± 3%) by swollen mitochondria and slight chromatin condensation. Only the third phenotype (11 ± 4%) fulfilled criteria of apoptosis by having normal-sized mitochondria and strongly condensed chromatin. Valinomycin-induced swelling of mitochondria was not altered by the adenine nucleotide translocase inhibitor bongkrekic acid (BA), the pan caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK, changing extracellular K(+) or Cl(-) concentrations, or the membrane-permeable Ca(2+) chelator BAPTA-AM. Only co-exposure of cells to valinomycin and the Ca(2+) ionophore ionomycin in high K(+) Cl(-)-free extracellular solution suppressed mitochondrial swelling. Ionomycin alone caused shrinkage of mitochondria. Additionally, valinomycin promoted autophagic processes, which were further enhanced by preincubation with BA or with Z-VAD-FMK. Valinomycin-dependent chromatin condensation was inhibited by BA, Z-VAD-FMK, BAPTA-AM, and ionomycin. Our findings demonstrate that mitochondrial swelling and autophagy are common features of valinomycin-exposed cells. Accordingly, valinomycin promotes an autophagic cell death mode, but not apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Klein
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunnerstr. 34, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
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16
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Abbrescia DI, La Piana G, Lofrumento NE. Malate-aspartate shuttle and exogenous NADH/cytochrome c electron transport pathway as two independent cytosolic reducing equivalent transfer systems. Arch Biochem Biophys 2012; 518:157-63. [PMID: 22239987 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2011.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2011] [Revised: 12/23/2011] [Accepted: 12/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In mammalian cells aerobic oxidation of glucose requires reducing equivalents produced in glycolytic phase to be channelled into the phosphorylating respiratory chain for the reduction of molecular oxygen. Data never presented before show that the oxidation rate of exogenous NADH supported by the malate-aspartate shuttle system (reconstituted in vitro with isolated liver mitochondria) is comparable to the rate obtained on activation of the cytosolic NADH/cytochrome c electron transport pathway. The activities of these two reducing equivalent transport systems are independent of each other and additive. NADH oxidation induced by the malate-aspartate shuttle is inhibited by aminooxyacetate and by rotenone and/or antimycin A, two inhibitors of the respiratory chain, while the NADH/cytochrome c system remains insensitive to all of them. The two systems may simultaneously or mutually operate in the transfer of reducing equivalents from the cytosol to inside the mitochondria. In previous reports we suggested that the NADH/cytochrome c system is expected to be functioning in apoptotic cells characterized by the presence of cytochrome c in the cytosol. As additional new finding the activity of reconstituted shuttle system is linked to the amount of α-ketoglutarate generated inside the mitochondria by glutamate dehydrogenase rather than by aspartate aminotransferase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Isabel Abbrescia
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
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