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Rivi V, Benatti C, Colliva C, Radighieri G, Brunello N, Tascedda F, Blom JMC. Lymnaea stagnalis as model for translational neuroscience research: From pond to bench. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 108:602-616. [PMID: 31786320 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to illustrate how a reductionistic, but sophisticated, approach based on the use of a simple model system such as the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis (L. stagnalis), might be useful to address fundamental questions in learning and memory. L. stagnalis, as a model, provides an interesting platform to investigate the dialog between the synapse and the nucleus and vice versa during memory and learning. More importantly, the "molecular actors" of the memory dialogue are well-conserved both across phylogenetic groups and learning paradigms, involving single- or multi-trials, aversion or reward, operant or classical conditioning. At the same time, this model could help to study how, where and when the memory dialog is impaired in stressful conditions and during aging and neurodegeneration in humans and thus offers new insights and targets in order to develop innovative therapies and technology for the treatment of a range of neurological and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Rivi
- Dept. of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - C Benatti
- Dept. of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Centre of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - C Colliva
- Dept. of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Centre of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - G Radighieri
- Dept. of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - N Brunello
- Dept. of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - F Tascedda
- Dept. of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Centre of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - J M C Blom
- Dept. of Education and Human Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Centre of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
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Totani Y, Aonuma H, Oike A, Watanabe T, Hatakeyama D, Sakakibara M, Lukowiak K, Ito E. Monoamines, Insulin and the Roles They Play in Associative Learning in Pond Snails. Front Behav Neurosci 2019; 13:65. [PMID: 31001093 PMCID: PMC6454038 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2019.00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Molluscan gastropods have long been used for studying the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying learning and memory. One such gastropod, the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis, exhibits long-term memory (LTM) following both classical and operant conditioning. Using Lymnaea, we have successfully elucidated cellular mechanisms of learning and memory utilizing an aversive classical conditioning procedure, conditioned taste aversion (CTA). Here, we present the behavioral changes following CTA training and show that the memory score depends on the duration of food deprivation. Then, we describe the relationship between the memory scores and the monoamine contents of the central nervous system (CNS). A comparison of learning capability in two different strains of Lymnaea, as well as the filial 1 (F1) cross from the two strains, presents how the memory scores are correlated in these populations with monoamine contents. Overall, when the memory scores are better, the monoamine contents of the CNS are lower. We also found that as the insulin content of the CNS decreases so does the monoamine contents which are correlated with higher memory scores. The present review deepens the relationship between monoamine and insulin contents with the memory score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Totani
- Department of Biology, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Aonuma
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Japan
| | - Akira Oike
- Department of Biology, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takayuki Watanabe
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Dai Hatakeyama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Manabu Sakakibara
- Research Organization for Nano and Life Innovation, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken Lukowiak
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Etsuro Ito
- Department of Biology, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
- Research Organization for Nano and Life Innovation, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Nikitin VP, Solntseva SV, Kozyrev SA, Nikitin PV, Shevelkin AV. NMDA or 5-HT receptor antagonists impair memory reconsolidation and induce various types of amnesia. Behav Brain Res 2018; 345:72-82. [PMID: 29499285 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2017] [Revised: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Elucidation of amnesia mechanisms is one of the central problems in neuroscience with immense practical application. Previously, we found that conditioned food presentation combined with injection of a neurotransmitter receptor antagonist or protein synthesis inhibitor led to amnesia induction. In the present study, we investigated the time course and features of two amnesias: induced by impairment of memory reconsolidation using an NMDA glutamate receptor antagonist (MK-801) and a serotonin receptor antagonist (methiothepin, MET) on snails trained with food aversion conditioning. During the early period of amnesia (<10th day), the unpaired presentation of conditioned stimuli (CS) or unconditioned stimuli (US) in the same training context did not have an effect on both types of amnesia. Retraining an on 1st or 3rd day of amnesia induction facilitated memory formation, i.e. the number of CS + US pairings was lower than at initial training. On the 10th or 30th day after the MET/reminder, the number of CS + US pairings did not change between initial training and retraining. Retraining on the 10th or 30th day following the MK-801/reminder in the same or a new context of learning resulted in short, but not long-term, memory, and the number of CS + US pairings was higher than at the initial training. This type of amnesia was specific to the CS we used at initial training, since long-term memory for another kind of CS could be formed in the same snails. The attained results suggest that disruption of memory reconsolidation using antagonists of serotonin or NMDA glutamate receptors induced amnesias with different abilities to form long-term memory during the late period of development.
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Affiliation(s)
- V P Nikitin
- P.K. Anokhin Institute of Normal Physiology, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - S V Solntseva
- P.K. Anokhin Institute of Normal Physiology, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - S A Kozyrev
- P.K. Anokhin Institute of Normal Physiology, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - P V Nikitin
- P.K. Anokhin Institute of Normal Physiology, Moscow, Russian Federation; Burdenko Neurosurgical Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - A V Shevelkin
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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Aonuma H, Totani Y, Kaneda M, Nakamura R, Watanabe T, Hatakeyama D, Dyakonova VE, Lukowiak K, Ito E. Effects of 5-HT and insulin on learning and memory formation in food-deprived snails. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2018; 148:20-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2017.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Nikitin VP, Solntseva SV, Kozyrev SA. Involvement of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 in the Mechanisms of Conditioned Food Aversion Memory Reconsolidation. Bull Exp Biol Med 2017; 162:413-417. [PMID: 28239792 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-017-3628-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Experiments were performed on the snails trained in conditioned food aversion for 3 days. Injection of TDZD-8 (glycogen synthase kinase-3 inhibitor, 2 mg/kg) in combination with reminder (presentation of a conditioned food stimulus) led to memory impairment developing 3 days after inhibitor/reminder exposure and followed by spontaneous recovery in 10 days. Injections of TDZD-8 in a dose of 4 or 20 mg/kg before reminder were shown to cause amnesia that persisted for more than 10 days. Memory recovery during repeated training was observed at the earlier period than after initial training. The impairment of memory reconsolidation by TDZD-8 after training of snails for 1 day was less pronounced than under standard training conditions (3 days). The effect of a glycogen synthase kinase-3 inhibitor during memory reconsolidation is probably followed by impairment of memory retrieval and/or partial loss, which can be compensated spontaneously or after repeated training.
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Affiliation(s)
- V P Nikitin
- P. K. Anokhin Research Institute of Normal Physiology, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - S V Solntseva
- P. K. Anokhin Research Institute of Normal Physiology, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - S A Kozyrev
- P. K. Anokhin Research Institute of Normal Physiology, Moscow, Russian Federation
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Different components of conditioned food aversion memory. Brain Res 2016; 1642:104-113. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2016.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Flavell CR, Lambert EA, Winters BD, Bredy TW. Mechanisms governing the reactivation-dependent destabilization of memories and their role in extinction. Front Behav Neurosci 2013; 7:214. [PMID: 24421762 PMCID: PMC3872723 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2013.00214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The extinction of learned associations has traditionally been considered to involve new learning, which competes with the original memory for control over behavior. However, a recent resurgence of interest in reactivation-dependent amnesia has revealed that the retrieval of fear-related memory (with what is essentially a brief extinction session) can result in its destabilization. This review discusses some of the cellular and molecular mechanisms that are involved in the destabilization of a memory following its reactivation and/or extinction, and investigates the evidence that extinction may involve both new learning as well as a partial destabilization-induced erasure of the original memory trace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte R Flavell
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Elliot A Lambert
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Boyer D Winters
- Department of Psychology, University of Guelph Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Timothy W Bredy
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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