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Shanazz K, Nalloor R, Lucas R, Vazdarjanova A. Neuroinflammation is a susceptibility factor in developing a PTSD-like phenotype. Front Behav Neurosci 2023; 17:1112837. [PMID: 37064304 PMCID: PMC10090279 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2023.1112837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionPost-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a psychological disorder that occurs after a traumatic event in a subset of exposed individuals. This implies the existence of susceptibility factors that foster the development of PTSD. Susceptibility factors are present before trauma and can contribute to the development and maintenance of PTSD after trauma. Manipulation of susceptibility factors may decrease the probability of developing PTSD. A putative susceptibility factor is inflammation. Patients with PTSD have been documented to have a higher pro-inflammatory profile compared to non-PTSD subjects. In addition, they are more likely to develop and die from cardiovascular disease which has a strong inflammation component. It is not known, however, whether inflammation plays a role in developing PTSD or whether reducing inflammation can prevent PTSD.MethodsWe used the Revealing Individual Susceptibility to a PTSD-like phenotype (RISP) model to behaviorally classify male rats as resilient or susceptible before trauma and tested their serum and prefrontal cortical (mPFC) levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα, IL-10, IFN IFNγ, and KC/GRO to determine whether inflammation represents a putative susceptibility factor for PTSD.ResultsWe found elevated IL-6 levels in the mPFC, but not serum, of susceptible rats compared to resilient animals before trauma. Serum and mPFC levels were not correlated in any of the cytokines/chemokines. Rats with high anxiety-like behavior had elevated IL-6 and IL-10 mPFC levels. Acoustic startle responses were not associated with cytokine/chemokine levels.DiscussionNeuroinflammation, rather than systemic inflammation exists in susceptible male rats before trauma and is thus a putative susceptibility factor for PTSD. Thus, susceptibility appears neurogenic in its pathogenesis. The lack of differences between susceptible and resilient rats in serum cytokine/chemokine levels infers that peripheral markers will not be useful in determining susceptibility. Chronic neuroinflammation appears more broadly associated with anxiety rather than startle responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadijah Shanazz
- VA Research Service, Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, United States
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Rebecca Nalloor
- VA Research Service, Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, United States
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Rudolf Lucas
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Almira Vazdarjanova
- VA Research Service, Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, United States
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
- *Correspondence: Almira Vazdarjanova,
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2
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Lipopolysaccharide Exposure Differentially Alters Plasma and Brain Inflammatory Markers in Adult Male and Female Rats. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12080972. [PMID: 35892413 PMCID: PMC9331770 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12080972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Humans and rodents have sexually dimorphic immune responses, which could influence the brain’s response to a systemic inflammatory insult. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a stimulator of the innate immune system and is routinely used in animal models to study blood–brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction under inflammatory conditions. Therefore, we examined whether inflammatory response to LPS and the associated BBB disruption differed in male and female adult rats. Rats were treated with saline or two injections of 1 mg/kg LPS and studied 24 h after the second LPS injection. Plasma isolated from trunk blood and brain tissue homogenates of the prefrontal cortex (PFC), dorsal striatum (DS), hippocampus, and cerebellum were analyzed for cytokines and chemokines using a 9-plex panel from Meso Scale Discovery. BBB disruption was analyzed with tight junction proteins claudin-5 and VE-cadherin via Western blotting and VEGF by ELISA. This allowed us to compare sex differences in the levels of individual cytokines as well as associations among cytokines and expression of tight junction proteins between the plasma and specific brain regions. Higher levels of interferon-γ, interleukin-10 (IL-10), IL-13, IL-4, CXCL-1, and VEGF in the plasma were revealed compared to the brain homogenates, and higher levels of TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-5 in the PFC were seen compared with plasma and other brain regions in males. Females showed higher levels of plasma CXCL1 and VEGF compared to males, and males showed higher levels of PFC TNFα, IL-6, IL-4, and VEGF compared to females. LPS induced significant increases in plasma cytokines and VEGF in both sexes. LPS did not significantly alter cytokines in brain tissue homogenates, however, it increased chemokines in the PFC, DS, and hippocampus. In the PFC, LPS produced BBB disruption, which is evident as reduced expression of claudin-5 in males and reduced expression of VE-cadherin in both sexes. Taken together, our results reveal significant sex differences in pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine levels in plasma and brain that were associated with BBB disruption after LPS, and validate the use of multiplex assay for plasma and brain tissue samples.
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3
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Cui YH, Zhou SF, Liu Y, Wang S, Li F, Dai RP, Hu ZL, Li CQ. Injection of Anti-proBDNF Attenuates Hippocampal-Dependent Learning and Memory Dysfunction in Mice With Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:665757. [PMID: 34354558 PMCID: PMC8329425 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.665757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a risk factor for cognitive and memory dysfunction; however, the mechanism remains unclear. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) was reported to have a positive effect on cognition and emotion regulation, but the study of its precursor, proBDNF, has been limited. This study aimed to elucidate the effects and associated mechanisms of hippocampal proBDNF in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced SAE mouse model. In this study, we found that the mice exhibited cognitive dysfunction on day 7 after LPS injection. The expression of proBDNF and its receptor, p75NTR, was also increased in the hippocampus, while the levels of BDNF and its receptor, TrkB, were decreased. A co-localization study showed that proBDNF and p75NTR were mainly co-localized with neurons. Furthermore, LPS treatment reduced the expression of NeuN, Nissl bodies, GluR4, NR1, NR2A, and NR2B in the hippocampus of SAE mice. Furthermore, an intrahippocampal or intraperitoneal injection of anti-proBDNF antibody was able to ameliorate LPS-induced cognitive dysfunction and restore the expression of NeuN, Nissl bodies, GluR4, NR1, NR2A, NR2B, and PSD95. These results indicated that treatment with brain delivery by an intrahippocampal and systemic injection of mAb-proBDNF may represent a potential therapeutic strategy for treating patients with SAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Hui Cui
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shi-Fen Zhou
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Department of Medical Research Center and Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ru-Ping Dai
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhao-Lan Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chang-Qi Li
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
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4
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McCormick CM, Smith K, Baumbach JL, de Lima APN, Shaver M, Hodges TE, Marcolin ML, Ismail N. Adolescent social instability stress leads to immediate and lasting sex-specific changes in the neuroendocrine-immune-gut axis in rats. Horm Behav 2020; 126:104845. [PMID: 32846188 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2020.104845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Social instability stress (SS; daily 1 h isolation and change of cage partner from postnatal day (P) 30-45) in adolescence produces elevations in corticosterone during the procedure in male and female rats, but no lasting changes in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) responses to psychological stressors, although deficits in social and cognitive function are evident in adulthood. Here we investigated the effects of SS in corticosterone response to an immune challenge (lipopolysaccharide, LPS, 0.1 mg/kg), on gene expression in the hippocampus, and on gut microbiota, when tested soon- (P46) or long- (P70) after SS. The temporal pattern of corticosterone release after LPS differed between SS and control rats irrespective of the time since SS exposure in females, whereas in males, SS did not alter corticosterone release after LPS. Expression of genes in the hippocampus relevant to immune and HPA function differed between saline-treated SS and control rats depending on sex and time tested, but with lasting consequences of SS in both sexes. LPS-treatment altered hippocampal gene expression, with bigger effects of LPS evident in control than in SS female rats, and the opposite in male rats. Further, effects sometimes depended on the age at time of LPS treatment. SS and control rats differed in both fecal and colon microbiome composition in all but P46 males, and stress history, sex, and age influenced the effects of an immune challenge on the gut microbiome. In sum, adolescent stress history has consequences for immune function into adulthood that may involve effects on the gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl M McCormick
- Department of Psychology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada; Centre for Neuroscience, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada.
| | - Kevin Smith
- Department of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Jennet L Baumbach
- Department of Psychology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
| | | | - Madeleine Shaver
- Centre for Neuroscience, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Travis E Hodges
- Department of Psychology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Marina L Marcolin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Nafissa Ismail
- Department of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
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5
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Abramova AY, Pertsov SS, Alekseeva IV, Nikenina EV, Kozlov AY, Chekhlov VV, Chukhnina ME. Blood Cytokine Concentration in Rats during Antigenic Treatment after a Single Long-Term Stress Exposure. Bull Exp Biol Med 2020; 168:713-717. [PMID: 32328940 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-020-04786-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We studied changes in the blood cytokine profile of rats 3 h, 1 day, and 8 days after acute stress on the model of 24-h immobilization followed by LPS administration (100 μg/kg intraperitoneally). The concentration of proinflammatory cytokines (particularly of IL-1β and TNFα) significantly decreased at the early stage after stress exposure and physiological saline injection, but increased in the follow-up period and practically did not differ or even surpassed the control level by the end of observations. Under these conditions, the blood content of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 increased most significantly on day 1 of the post-stress period. Restraint stress followed by LPS administration was accompanied by a decrease in the level of proinflammatory cytokines at the early (IFNγ and TNFα) and late stages (IL-1β) of the experiment. Directed modulation of the immune status in animals after acute stress was followed by a significant increase in the content of IL-10 on days 1 and 8, as well as by a tendency toward elevation of IL-4 concentration by the end of the study. The directionality and degree of changes in the cytokine profile of mammalian tissues depend on the type of extreme exposure, duration of the post-stress period, and specific effects of exogenous pathogenic factors in the whole body.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Yu Abramova
- P. K. Anokhin Research Institute of Normal Physiology, Moscow, Russia. .,A. I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
| | - S S Pertsov
- P. K. Anokhin Research Institute of Normal Physiology, Moscow, Russia.,A. I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - I V Alekseeva
- P. K. Anokhin Research Institute of Normal Physiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - E V Nikenina
- P. K. Anokhin Research Institute of Normal Physiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - A Yu Kozlov
- P. K. Anokhin Research Institute of Normal Physiology, Moscow, Russia.,A. I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - V V Chekhlov
- A. I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - M E Chukhnina
- A. I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
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6
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Releasing Behavior of Lipopolysaccharide from Gelatin Modulates Inflammation, Cellular Senescence, and Bone Formation in Critical-Sized Bone Defects in Rat Calvaria. MATERIALS 2019; 13:ma13010095. [PMID: 31878096 PMCID: PMC6981995 DOI: 10.3390/ma13010095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a well-known strong inducer of inflammation. However, there is little information regarding how LPS-release behavior affects cellular senescence at the affected area. In this paper, we demonstrate that a vacuum-heating technique (dehydrothermal treatment) can be utilized to prepare an LPS sustained-release gelatin sponge (LS-G). LPS sustained release from gelatin leads to the long-term existence of senescent cells in critical-sized bone defects in rat calvaria. Three types of gelatin sponges were prepared in this study: a medical-grade gelatin sponge with extremely low LPS levels (MG), LS-G, and a LPS rapid-release gelatin sponge (LR-G). Histological (H-E) and immunohistochemical (COX-2, p16, and p21) staining were utilized to evaluate inflammatory reactions and cellular senescence one to three weeks after surgery. Soft X-ray imaging was utilized to estimate new bone formation in the defects. The LR-G led to stronger swelling and COX-2 expression in defects compared to the MG and LS-G at 1 week. Despite a small inflammatory reaction, LS-G implantation led to the long-term existence of senescent cells and hampered bone formation compared to the MG and LR-G. These results suggest that vacuum heating is a viable technique for preparing different types of materials for releasing bacterial components, which is helpful for developing disease models for elucidating cellular senescence and bone regeneration.
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7
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Alekseeva IV, Abramova AY, Kozlov AY, Koplik EV, Pertsov AS, Lyadov DA, Nikenina EV, Pertsov SS. State of Stress-Marker Organs in Rats after a Single Exposure to Long-Term Stress and Treatment with Lipopolysaccharide. Bull Exp Biol Med 2019; 167:624-627. [PMID: 31606806 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-019-04584-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
We studied the effect of LPS on the state of stress-marker organs in rats at various periods after a single exposure to long-term stress on the model of 24-h immobilization. The animals were intraperitoneally injected with LPS in a dose of 100 μg/kg immediately after the negative emotiogenic exposure. Changes in physiological parameters were evaluated 3 h, 1 day, and 8 days after immune stimulation. Acute stress was accompanied by a decrease in the weight of the thymus during all stages of the post-stress period. An increase in the relative weight of theadrenal glands in animals under these conditions was observed only on day 8 after restraint stress. The induction of immune reactions due to systemic treatment with LPS was shown to prevent involution of the spleen in the late stage after a single exposure to long-term stress (day 8). Hypertrophy of the adrenal glands, which serves as one of the typical reactions of mammals to negative emotiogenic factors, was not revealed during the post-stress period after antigenic stimulation. These data hold much promise for the development of new approaches to the use of immunoactive substances to prevent or reduce the severity of physiological changes after emotiogenic loads.
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Affiliation(s)
- I V Alekseeva
- P. K. Anokhin Research Institute of Normal Physiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - A Yu Abramova
- P. K. Anokhin Research Institute of Normal Physiology, Moscow, Russia
- A. I. Evdokimov Moscow State Medical and Dental University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - A Yu Kozlov
- P. K. Anokhin Research Institute of Normal Physiology, Moscow, Russia
- A. I. Evdokimov Moscow State Medical and Dental University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - E V Koplik
- P. K. Anokhin Research Institute of Normal Physiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - A S Pertsov
- I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - D A Lyadov
- P. K. Anokhin Research Institute of Normal Physiology, Moscow, Russia
- I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - E V Nikenina
- P. K. Anokhin Research Institute of Normal Physiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - S S Pertsov
- P. K. Anokhin Research Institute of Normal Physiology, Moscow, Russia.
- A. I. Evdokimov Moscow State Medical and Dental University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
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8
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Cytokine Content in the Hypothalamus and Hippocampus of C57Bl/6J Mice with Depressive-Like Behavior. Bull Exp Biol Med 2019; 167:11-16. [PMID: 31177464 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-019-04450-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The content of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the hypothalamus, hippocampus, and blood serum of C57Bl/6J mice with depressive-like behavior induced by 20-day social stress was analyzed in 4 h after immune stimulation with LPS (250 μg/kg). These animals are characterized by a tendency to an increase in the blood content of IL-6 and a decrease in the level of IL-10. Changes in cytokine content in the brain of mice with depressive-like state developed under these conditions were observed only in the hippocampus: the levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα, and IL-10 increased and the content of IFNγ decreased in comparison the corresponding parameters in the controls (not exposed to social stress) and aggressive animals. No changes in the levels of IL-2, IL-4, and IL-17 were revealed in the hypothalamus and hippocampus.
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9
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Cellular and behavioral effects of lipopolysaccharide treatment are dependent upon neurokinin-1 receptor activation. J Neuroinflammation 2018; 15:60. [PMID: 29486768 PMCID: PMC6389133 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-018-1098-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Several psychiatric conditions are affected by neuroinflammation and neuroimmune activation. The transcription factor nuclear factor kappa light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NFkB) plays a major role in inflammation and innate immunity. The neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R) is the primary endogenous target of the neuroactive peptide substance P, and some data suggests that NK1R stimulation may influence NFkB activity. Both NK1R and NFkB have been shown to play a functional role in complex behaviors including stress responsivity, depression, and addiction. In this study, we test whether NFkB activity in the brain (stimulated by lipopolysaccharide administration) is dependent upon the NK1R. Methods Adult male Wistar rats were treated systemically with the NK1R antagonist L822429 followed by administration of systemic lipopolysaccharide (LPS, a strong activator of NFkB). Hippocampal extracts were used to assess expression of proinflammatory cytokines and NFkB-DNA-binding potential. For behavioral studies, rats were trained to consume 1% (w/v) sucrose solution in a continuous access two-bottle choice model. After establishment of baseline, animals were treated with L822429 and LPS and sucrose preference was measured 12 h post-treatment. Results Systemic LPS treatment causes a significant increase in proinflammatory cytokine expression and NFkB-DNA-binding activity within the hippocampus. These increases are attenuated by systemic pretreatment with the NK1R antagonist L822429. Systemic LPS treatment also led to the development of anhedonic-like behavior, evidenced by decreased sucrose intake in the sucrose preference test. This behavior was significantly attenuated by systemic pretreatment with the NK1R antagonist L822429. Conclusions Systemic LPS treatment induced significant increases in NFkB activity, evidenced by increased NFkB-DNA binding and by increased proinflammatory cytokine expression in the hippocampus. LPS also induced anhedonic-like behavior. Both the molecular and behavioral effects of LPS treatment were significantly attenuated by systemic NK1R antagonism, suggesting that NK1R stimulation lies upstream of NFkB activation following systemic LPS administration and is at least in part responsible for NFkB activation.
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10
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Kalenova LF, Kolyvanova SS, Bazhin AS, Besedin IM, Mel'nikov VP. Effects of Secondary Metabolites of Permafrost Bacillus sp. on Cytokine Synthesis by Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells. Bull Exp Biol Med 2017; 163:235-238. [PMID: 28726195 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-017-3774-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
We studied the effects of secondary metabolites of Bacillus sp. isolated from late Neogene permafrost on secretion of proinflammatory (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-8, IL-2, and IFNγ) and antiinflammatory (IL-4 and IL-10) cytokines by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. It was found that metabolites of Bacillus sp. produced more potent effect on cytokine secretion than mitogen phytohemagglutinin and metabolites of Bacillus cereus, medicinal strain IP5832. Activity of metabolites depended on the temperature of bacteria incubation. "Cold" metabolites of Bacillus sp. (isolated at -5°C) primarily induced Th1-mediated secretion of IFNγ, while "warm" metabolites (obtained at 37°C) induced Th2-mediated secretion of IL-4. The results suggest that Bacillus sp. metabolites are promising material for the development of immunomodulating drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- L F Kalenova
- Tyumen State University, Tyumen, Russia. .,Tyumen Research Center, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tyumen, Russia.
| | - S S Kolyvanova
- Tyumen State University, Tyumen, Russia.,Tyumen Research Center, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tyumen, Russia
| | - A S Bazhin
- Tyumen Research Center, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tyumen, Russia
| | - I M Besedin
- Tyumen Research Center, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tyumen, Russia
| | - V P Mel'nikov
- Tyumen State University, Tyumen, Russia.,Tyumen Research Center, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tyumen, Russia
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11
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Ong LK, Page S, Briggs GD, Guan L, Dun MD, Verrills NM, Dunkley PR, Dickson PW. Peripheral Lipopolysaccharide Challenge Induces Long-Term Changes in Tyrosine Hydroxylase Regulation in the Adrenal Medulla. J Cell Biochem 2017; 118:2096-2107. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Kooi Ong
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy and Hunter Medical Research Institute; University of Newcastle; Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia
| | - Scott Page
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy and Hunter Medical Research Institute; University of Newcastle; Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia
| | - Gabrielle D. Briggs
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy and Hunter Medical Research Institute; University of Newcastle; Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia
| | - Liying Guan
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy and Hunter Medical Research Institute; University of Newcastle; Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia
| | - Matthew D. Dun
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy and Hunter Medical Research Institute; University of Newcastle; Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia
| | - Nicole M. Verrills
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy and Hunter Medical Research Institute; University of Newcastle; Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia
| | - Peter R. Dunkley
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy and Hunter Medical Research Institute; University of Newcastle; Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia
| | - Phillip W. Dickson
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy and Hunter Medical Research Institute; University of Newcastle; Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia
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12
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Li DD, Pang HG, Song JN, Huang H, Zhang M, Zhao YL, Sun P, Zhang BF, Ma XD. The rapid lipopolysaccharide-induced release of matrix metalloproteinases 9 is suppressed by simvastatin. Cell Biol Int 2015; 39:788-98. [PMID: 25612169 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
A rapid increase in matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) expression by stimulated leukocytes is common in many diseases. Recent evidence suggests that the beneficial effects of statins are mediated in part by the suppression of MMP-9 release. In this study, we investigated the effect of statin on MMP-9 expression and its antagonist, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in LPS-stimulated leukocytes. Rat neutrophils and monocytes were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the presence of simvastatin. MMP-9 secretion and mRNA expression were analyzed using ELISA and RT-PCR, respectively. Total MMP-9 protein production was measured by Western blot analysis. Potential signal transduction pathways responsible for MMP-9 production were investigated using luciferase reporter assays (NF-κB), pull-down assays (RhoA), and pharmacological inhibition. Our data show that MMP-9 and TIMP-1 expression are differentially induced by LPS in neutrophils and monocytes. We showed that rapid MMP-9 release occurred mainly via secretion from intracellular stores. Moreover, we showed that statin significantly suppressed LPS-induced MMP-9 release and mRNA expression in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. We also evaluated that simvastain postponed the rapid LPS-induced MMP-9 release for about 20 min. In conclusion, we demonstrated that the suppressive effect of simvastatin on LPS-stimulated MMP-9 release does not occur via the NF-κB pathway and the MAPKs pathway, but via the RhoA/ROCK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Dong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hong-Gang Pang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jin-Ning Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huan Huang
- Department of Imaging Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yong-Lin Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Peng Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bin-Fei Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xu-Dong Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Correlation Dependencies between Nociceptive Sensitivity and Cytokine Level in Biological Fluids of Rats after Administration of Lipopolysaccharide. Bull Exp Biol Med 2014; 157:539-44. [DOI: 10.1007/s10517-014-2609-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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