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Lin YC, Zhang M, Chang YJ, Kuo TH. Comparisons of lifespan and stress resistance between sexes in Drosophila melanogaster. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18178. [PMID: 37576293 PMCID: PMC10415617 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Animals exhibit different extents of sexual dimorphism in a variety of phenotypes. Sex differences in longevity, one of the most complex life history traits, have also been reported. Although lifespan regulation has been studied extensively in the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, the sex differences in lifespan have not been consistent in previous studies. To explore this issue, we revisited this question by examining the lifespan and stress resistance of both sexes among 15 inbred strains. We first found positive correlations between males and females from the same strain in terms of lifespan and resistance to starvation and desiccation stress. Although the lifespan difference between male and female flies varied greatly depending on the strain, males across all strains collectively had a longer lifespan. In contrast, females showed better resistance to starvation and desiccation stress. We also observed greater variation in lifespan and resistance to starvation and desiccation stress in females. Unexpectedly, there was no notable correlation observed between lifespan and the three types of stress resistance in either males or females. Overall, our study provides new data regarding sexual dimorphism in fly lifespan and stress resistance; this information may promote the investigation of mechanisms underlying longevity in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chiao Lin
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - MingYang Zhang
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | | | - Tsung-Han Kuo
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Department of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
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2
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Niveditha S, Shivanandappa T. Potentiation of paraquat toxicity by inhibition of the antioxidant defenses and protective effect of the natural antioxidant, 4-hydroxyisopthalic acid in Drosophila melanogaster. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 259:109399. [PMID: 35753646 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2022.109399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to pesticides such as paraquat (PQ) is known to induce oxidative stress-mediated damage, which is implicated in neurodegenerative diseases. The antioxidant enzymes are part of the endogenous defense mechanisms capable of protecting against oxidative damage, and down-regulation of these enzymes results in elevated oxidative stress. In this study, we have evaluated the protective action of 4-hydroxyisophthalic acid (DHA-I), a novel bioactive molecule from the roots of D. hamiltonii, against PQ toxicity and demonstrated the protective role of endogenous antioxidant enzymes under the condition of oxidative stress using Drosophila model. The activity of the major antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and catalase, was suppressed either by RNAi-mediated post transcriptional gene silencing or chemical inhibition. With the decreased in vivo activity of either SOD1 or catalase, Drosophila exhibited hypersensitivity to PQ toxicity, demonstrating the essential role of antioxidant enzymes in the mechanism of defense against PQ-induced oxidative stress. Dietary supplementation of DHA-I increased the resistance of Drosophila depleted in either SOD1 or catalase to PQ toxicity. Enhanced survival of flies against PQ toxicity indicates the protective role of DHA-I against oxidative stress-mediated damage under the condition of compromised antioxidant defenses.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Niveditha
- Neurobiology laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru 570006, Karnataka, India
| | - T Shivanandappa
- Neurobiology laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru 570006, Karnataka, India.
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3
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Malacrida S, De Lazzari F, Mrakic-Sposta S, Vezzoli A, Zordan MA, Bisaglia M, Menti GM, Meda N, Frighetto G, Bosco G, Dal Cappello T, Strapazzon G, Reggiani C, Gussoni M, Megighian A. Lifespan and ROS levels in different Drosophila melanogaster strains after 24 h hypoxia exposure. Biol Open 2022; 11:275522. [PMID: 35616023 PMCID: PMC9253781 DOI: 10.1242/bio.059386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
During recent decades, model organisms such as Drosophila melanogaster have made it possible to study the effects of different environmental oxygen conditions on lifespan and oxidative stress. However, many studies have often yielded controversial results usually assigned to variations in Drosophila genetic background and differences in study design. In this study, we compared longevity and ROS levels in young, unmated males of three laboratory wild-type lines (Canton-S, Oregon-R and Berlin-K) and one mutant line (Sod1n1) as a positive control of redox imbalance, under both normoxic and hypoxic (2% oxygen for 24 h) conditions. Lifespan was used to detect the effects of hypoxic treatment and differences were analysed by means of Kaplan–Meier survival curves and log-rank tests. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to measure ROS levels and analysis of variance was used to estimate the effects of hypoxic treatment and to assess ROS differences between strains. We observed that the genetic background is a relevant factor involved in D. melanogaster longevity and ROS levels. Indeed, as expected, in normoxia Sod1n1 are the shortest-lived, while the wild-type strains, despite a longer lifespan, show some differences, with the Canton-S line displaying the lowest mortality rate. After hypoxic stress these variances are amplified, with Berlin-K flies showing the highest mortality rate and most evident reduction of lifespan. Moreover, our analysis highlighted differential effects of hypoxia on redox balance/unbalance. Canton-S flies had the lowest increase of ROS level compared to all the other strains, confirming it to be the less sensitive to hypoxic stress. Sod1n1 flies displayed the highest ROS levels in normoxia and after hypoxia. These results should be used to further standardize future Drosophila research models designed to investigate genes and pathways that may be involved in lifespan and/or ROS, as well as comparative studies on specific mutant strains. Summary: In our study Drosophila melanogaster was used to evaluate the effects of different environmental oxygen conditions on survival and ROS levels in three wild-type and one mutant strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandro Malacrida
- Institute of Mountain Emergency Medicine, Eurac Research, Via Ipazia 2, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Federica De Lazzari
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK.,Physiology, Genetics and Behaviour Unit, Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Simona Mrakic-Sposta
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), 20162 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Vezzoli
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), 20162 Milan, Italy
| | - Mauro A Zordan
- Physiology, Genetics and Behaviour Unit, Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Bisaglia
- Physiology, Genetics and Behaviour Unit, Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Giulio Maria Menti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Nicola Meda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Giovanni Frighetto
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, 610 Charles Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095-7239, USA
| | - Gerardo Bosco
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Tomas Dal Cappello
- Institute of Mountain Emergency Medicine, Eurac Research, Via Ipazia 2, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Giacomo Strapazzon
- Institute of Mountain Emergency Medicine, Eurac Research, Via Ipazia 2, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Carlo Reggiani
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Maristella Gussoni
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies "G. Natta"-SCITEC, National Research Council, CNR-SCITEC, Via A. Corti 12, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Aram Megighian
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy; Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, via Orus 2/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
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4
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Arsac JN, Sedru M, Dartiguelongue M, Vulin J, Davoust N, Baron T, Mollereau B. Chronic Exposure to Paraquat Induces Alpha-Synuclein Pathogenic Modifications in Drosophila. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11613. [PMID: 34769043 PMCID: PMC8584077 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the progressive accumulation of neuronal intracellular aggregates largely composed of alpha-Synuclein (αSyn) protein. The process of αSyn aggregation is induced during aging and enhanced by environmental stresses, such as the exposure to pesticides. Paraquat (PQ) is an herbicide which has been widely used in agriculture and associated with PD. PQ is known to cause an increased oxidative stress in exposed individuals but the consequences of such stress on αSyn conformation remains poorly understood. To study αSyn pathogenic modifications in response to PQ, we exposed Drosophila expressing human αSyn to a chronic PQ protocol. We first showed that PQ exposure and αSyn expression synergistically induced fly mortality. The exposure to PQ was also associated with increased levels of total and phosphorylated forms of αSyn in the Drosophila brain. Interestingly, PQ increased the detection of soluble αSyn in highly denaturating buffer but did not increase αSyn resistance to proteinase K digestion. These results suggest that PQ induces the accumulation of toxic soluble and misfolded forms of αSyn but that these toxic forms do not form fibrils or aggregates that are detected by the proteinase K assay. Collectively, our results demonstrate that Drosophila can be used to study the effect of PQ or other environmental neurotoxins on αSyn driven pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Noël Arsac
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (Anses) Laboratory of Lyon, Neurodegenerative Diseases Unit, University of Lyon, F-69342 Lyon, France; (J.-N.A.); (M.D.); (J.V.)
| | - Marianne Sedru
- Laboratory of Biology and Modelling of the Cell, UMR5239 CNRS/ENS de Lyon, INSERM U1210, UMS 3444 Biosciences Lyon Gerland, University of Lyon, F-69342 Lyon, France; (M.S.); (N.D.)
| | - Mireille Dartiguelongue
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (Anses) Laboratory of Lyon, Neurodegenerative Diseases Unit, University of Lyon, F-69342 Lyon, France; (J.-N.A.); (M.D.); (J.V.)
| | - Johann Vulin
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (Anses) Laboratory of Lyon, Neurodegenerative Diseases Unit, University of Lyon, F-69342 Lyon, France; (J.-N.A.); (M.D.); (J.V.)
| | - Nathalie Davoust
- Laboratory of Biology and Modelling of the Cell, UMR5239 CNRS/ENS de Lyon, INSERM U1210, UMS 3444 Biosciences Lyon Gerland, University of Lyon, F-69342 Lyon, France; (M.S.); (N.D.)
| | - Thierry Baron
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (Anses) Laboratory of Lyon, Neurodegenerative Diseases Unit, University of Lyon, F-69342 Lyon, France; (J.-N.A.); (M.D.); (J.V.)
| | - Bertrand Mollereau
- Laboratory of Biology and Modelling of the Cell, UMR5239 CNRS/ENS de Lyon, INSERM U1210, UMS 3444 Biosciences Lyon Gerland, University of Lyon, F-69342 Lyon, France; (M.S.); (N.D.)
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5
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Negroni MA, Stoldt M, Oster M, Rupp AS, Feldmeyer B, Foitzik S. Social organization and the evolution of life-history traits in two queen morphs of the ant Temnothorax rugatulus. J Exp Biol 2021; 224:238088. [PMID: 33658241 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.232793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
During the evolution of social insects, not only did life-history traits diverge, with queens becoming highly fecund and long lived compared with their sterile workers, but also individual traits lost their importance compared with colony-level traits. In solitary animals, fecundity is largely influenced by female size, whereas in eusocial insects, colony size and queen number can affect the egg-laying rate. Here, we focused on the ant Temnothorax rugatulus, which exhibits two queen morphs varying in size and reproductive strategy, correlating with their colony's social organization. We experimentally tested the influence of social structure, colony and body size on queen fecundity and investigated links between body size, metabolic rate and survival under paraquat-induced oxidative stress. To gain insight into the molecular physiology underlying the alternative reproductive strategies, we analysed fat body transcriptomes. Per-queen egg production was lower in polygynous colonies when fecundity was limited by worker care. Colony size was a determinant of fecundity rather than body size or queen number, highlighting the super-organismal properties of these societies. The smaller microgynes were more frequently fed by workers and exhibited an increase in metabolic activity, yet they were similarly resistant to oxidative stress. Small queens differentially expressed metabolic genes in the fat body, indicating that shifts in molecular physiology and resource availability allow microgyne queens to compensate for their small size with a more active metabolism without paying increased mortality costs. We provide novel insights into how life-history traits and their associations were modified during social evolution and adapted to queen reproductive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo A Negroni
- Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Marah Stoldt
- Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Marie Oster
- Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ann-Sophie Rupp
- Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Barbara Feldmeyer
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Molecular Ecology, Senckenberg, 60325 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Susanne Foitzik
- Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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6
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Li N, Flanagan BA, Partridge M, Huang EJ, Edmands S. Sex differences in early transcriptomic responses to oxidative stress in the copepod Tigriopus californicus. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:759. [PMID: 33143643 PMCID: PMC7607713 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-07179-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Patterns of gene expression can be dramatically different between males and females of the same species, in part due to genes on sex chromosomes. Here we test for sex differences in early transcriptomic response to oxidative stress in a species which lacks heteromorphic sex chromosomes, the copepod Tigriopus californicus. Results Male and female individuals were separately exposed to control conditions and pro-oxidant conditions (hydrogen peroxide and paraquat) for periods of 3 hours and 6 hours. Variance partitioning showed the greatest expression variance among individuals, highlighting the important information that can be obscured by the common practice of pooling individuals. Gene expression variance between sexes was greater than that among treatments, showing the profound effect of sex even when males and females share the same genome. Males exhibited a larger response to both pro-oxidants, differentially expressing more than four times as many genes, including up-regulation of more antioxidant genes, heat shock proteins and protease genes. While females differentially expressed fewer genes, the magnitudes of fold change were generally greater, indicating a more targeted response. Although females shared a smaller fraction of differentially expressed genes between stressors and time points, expression patterns of antioxidant and protease genes were more similar between stressors and more GO terms were shared between time points. Conclusions Early transcriptomic responses to the pro-oxidants H2O2 and paraquat in copepods revealed substantial variation among individuals and between sexes. The finding of such profound sex differences in oxidative stress response, even in the absence of sex chromosomes, highlights the importance of studying both sexes and the potential for developing sex-specific strategies to promote optimal health and aging in humans. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-020-07179-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, 3616 Trousdale Parkway, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.
| | - Ben A Flanagan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, 3616 Trousdale Parkway, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - MacKenzie Partridge
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, 3616 Trousdale Parkway, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Elaine J Huang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, 3616 Trousdale Parkway, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Suzanne Edmands
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, 3616 Trousdale Parkway, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
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7
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Luo Q, Liu J, Wang H, Zhou Y, Liu X, Liu Z. Structural characterization of ginseng oligopeptides and anti-aging potency evaluation in Caenorhabditis elegans. RSC Adv 2020; 10:39485-39494. [PMID: 35515402 PMCID: PMC9057432 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra06093c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The functions of ginseng polysaccharide have been widely explored, yet, the antiaging activity of ginseng oligopeptides (GOPs) has not been well explored. In the current study, seven novel GOPs were isolated, and their antiaging activity was explored in a Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) model. Of interest, all the GOPs showed lifespan extending effects in C. elegans models. Out of the GOPs treatments, 0.75 mM GOP-1 (EHGEYE) prolonged the N2 nematodes lifespan by 42.5%. Additionally, GOP-1 had a strong free radical-scavenging activity, and up-regulated the survival of the N2 C. elegans under oxidative and thermal stresses. Further study revealed that GOP-1 up-regulated the transcription factor daf-16 and jnk-1 expressions, thus we inferred that GOP-1 promotes the lifespan and stress resistances through a JNK-1-DAF-16 pathway. The current study revealed that the ginseng oligopeptides are potential antiaging agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine Shenzhen 518071 China +86 755-86671911
| | - Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine Shenzhen 518071 China +86 755-86671911
| | - Huailing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine Shenzhen 518071 China +86 755-86671911
| | - Yi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine Shenzhen 518071 China +86 755-86671911
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine Shenzhen 518071 China +86 755-86671911
| | - Zhigang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine Shenzhen 518071 China +86 755-86671911
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8
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Li N, Arief N, Edmands S. Effects of oxidative stress on sex-specific gene expression in the copepod Tigriopus californicus revealed by single individual RNA-seq. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2019; 31:100608. [PMID: 31325755 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2019.100608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress reflects the imbalance of pro-oxidants and antioxidants. Prolonged oxidative stress can induce cellular damage, diseases and aging, and the effects may be sex-specific. Tigriopus californicus has recently been proposed as an alternative model system for sex-specific studies due to the absence of sex chromosomes. In this study, we used comparative transcriptomic analyses to assess sex-specific transcriptional responses to oxidative stress. Male and female individuals were maintained separately in one of three treatments: 1) control conditions with an algae diet, 2) pro-oxidant (H2O2) conditions with an algae diet or 3) decreased antioxidant conditions (reduced carotenoids due to a yeast diet). Single individual RNA-seq was then conducted for twenty-four libraries using Ligation Mediated RNA sequencing (LM-Seq). Variance in gene expression was partitioned into 62.3% between sexes, 26.85% among individuals and 10.85% among treatments. Within each of the three treatments, expression was biased toward females. However, compared to the control treatment, males in both pro-oxidant and decreased antioxidant treatments differentially expressed more genes while females differentially expressed fewer genes but with a greater magnitude of fold change. As the first study of copepods to apply single individual RNA-seq, the findings will contribute to a better understanding of transcriptomic variation among individuals as well as sex-specific response mechanisms to oxidative stress in the absence of sex chromosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, 3616 Trousdale Parkway, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
| | - Natasha Arief
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, 3616 Trousdale Parkway, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
| | - Suzanne Edmands
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, 3616 Trousdale Parkway, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
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9
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Cao H, Luo Q, Wang H, Liu Z, Li G, Liu J. Structural characterization of peptides fromLocusta migratoria manilensis(Meyen, 1835) and anti-aging effect inCaenorhabditis elegans. RSC Adv 2019; 9:9289-9300. [PMID: 35517704 PMCID: PMC9061974 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra00089e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Locusts are a kind of agricultural pest rich in protein and widely eaten by people, yet, the nutritional and antioxidant activities of locust peptide have never been explored. In the current study, the locust peptides (LPs) were isolated from the Locusta migratoria manilensis (Meyen, 1835) and the anti-aging effects on Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) were evaluated. The mean lifespan of C. elegans was significantly extended using LPs with a concentration of 1.0 mg mL−1. Out of the 23 peptides, LP-1, a pentapeptide with The-Phe-Lys-His-Gly sequence, with a concentration of 2.5 mg mL−1 significantly extended the lifespan of the worms by 23.5%. Additionally, LP-1 was observed to be a strong free radical-scavenger which can improve the survival of the C. elegans under oxidative stress, thermal stress and UV radiation. Furthermore, the LP-1 can up-regulate the expression of the transcription factor DAF-16 and jnk-1, suggesting that LP-1 may promote the C. elegans lifespan and stress resistance through a JNK-1-DAF-16 pathway. This study will be significant for the development of locusts and improvement of functional insect peptide production. Locusts are a kind of agricultural pest rich in protein and widely eaten by people, yet, the nutritional and antioxidant activities of locust peptide have never been explored.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Cao
- The Research Center of Allergy & Immunology
- Shenzhen University School of Medicine
- Shenzhen
- PR China
| | - Qiang Luo
- The Research Center of Allergy & Immunology
- Shenzhen University School of Medicine
- Shenzhen
- PR China
| | - Huailing Wang
- The Research Center of Allergy & Immunology
- Shenzhen University School of Medicine
- Shenzhen
- PR China
- Department of Allergy
| | - Zhigang Liu
- The Research Center of Allergy & Immunology
- Shenzhen University School of Medicine
- Shenzhen
- PR China
- Department of Allergy
| | - Guoqiang Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- Foshan University
- Foshan 528000
- PR China
| | - Jie Liu
- The Research Center of Allergy & Immunology
- Shenzhen University School of Medicine
- Shenzhen
- PR China
- Department of Allergy
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10
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Bacopa monnieri alleviates paraquat induced toxicity in Drosophila by inhibiting jnk mediated apoptosis through improved mitochondrial function and redox stabilization. Neurochem Int 2018; 121:98-107. [PMID: 30296463 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Paraquat (PQ) is an organic chemical compound and a member of redox active family of heterocycles. In spite of its high toxicities, it is used as one of the potent herbicide throughout the world. Though its toxic manifestations are observed in different organs, its principal toxic effect is manifested in the brain leading to the development of Parkinsonian symptoms. PQ exposure adversely affects dopaminergic (DA-ergic) neuron-rich region in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNPC) of brain in the animal models of Parkinson's disease (PD), thereby mimicking PD like symptoms. Currently, lack of a potential drug to counter the toxic effect of PQ makes the management difficult. Bacopa monnieri extract (BME) has been shown to have promising effect against neurodegenerative disorders. Therefore, the present study evaluated the role of BME against PQ induced toxicity in Drosophila model of PD, the results of which are reproducible in higher animal models including human subjects. Here, we showed that BME treatment attenuates acute PQ induced toxicity in Drosophila by decreasing mortality and improving climbing ability. BME functions by optimizing redox equilibrium, mitochondrial function and depreciating apoptosis level. The underlying mechanisms were attributed to optimization of active JNK and cleaved Caspase-3 activity along with transcriptional stabilization of the genes regulating oxidative stress and apoptosis (jnk, caspase-3, damb and nrf-2). These results showed therapeutic efficacy of BME against PQ toxicity in the brain. Our results pave the way for further detailed analysis of BME to combat the development of Parkinson's like symptoms following exposure to PQ toxicity in the brain of higher animal models.
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11
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Dasari V, Srivastava S, Khan S, Mishra RK. Epigenetic factors Polycomb (Pc) and Suppressor of zeste (Su(z)2) negatively regulate longevity in Drosophila melanogaster. Biogerontology 2017; 19:33-45. [PMID: 29177687 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-017-9737-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The process of aging is a hallmark of the natural life span of all organisms and individuals within a population show variability in the measures of age related performance. Longevity and the rate of aging are influenced by several factors such as genetics, nutrition, stress, and environment. Many studies have focused on the genes that impact aging and there is increasing evidence that epigenetic factors regulate these genes to control life span. Polycomb (PcG) and trithorax (trxG) protein complexes maintain the expression profiles of developmentally important genes and regulate many cellular processes. Here, we report that mutations of PcG and trxG members affect the process of aging in Drosophila melanogaster, with perturbations mostly associated with retardation in aging. We find that mutations in polycomb repressive complex (PRC1) components Pc and Su(z)2 increase fly survival. Using an inducible UAS-GAL4 system, we show that this effect is tissue-specific; knockdown in fat body, but not in muscle or brain tissues, enhances life span. We hypothesize that these two proteins influence life span via pathways independent of their PRC1 functions, with distinct effects on response to oxidative stress. Our observations highlight the role of global epigenetic regulators in determining life span.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasanthi Dasari
- CSIR - Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Surabhi Srivastava
- CSIR - Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Shagufta Khan
- CSIR - Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Rakesh K Mishra
- CSIR - Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500007, India.
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12
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Sex differences in oxidative stress resistance in relation to longevity in Drosophila melanogaster. J Comp Physiol B 2017; 187:899-909. [PMID: 28261744 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-017-1061-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Gender differences in lifespan and aging are known across species. Sex differences in longevity within a species can be useful to understand sex-specific aging. Drosophila melanogaster is a good model to study the problem of sex differences in longevity since females are longer lived than males. There is evidence that stress resistance influences longevity. The objective of this study was to investigate if there is a relationship between sex differences in longevity and oxidative stress resistance in D. melanogaster. We observed a progressive age-dependent decrease in the activity of SOD and catalase, major antioxidant enzymes involved in defense mechanisms against oxidative stress in parallel to the increased ROS levels over time. Longer-lived females showed lower ROS levels and higher antioxidant enzymes than males as a function of age. Using ethanol as a stressor, we have shown differential susceptibility of the sexes to ethanol wherein females exhibited higher resistance to ethanol-induced mortality and locomotor behavior compared to males. Our results show strong correlation between sex differences in oxidative stress resistance, antioxidant defenses and longevity. The study suggests that higher antioxidant defenses in females may confer resistance to oxidative stress, which could be a factor that influences sex-specific aging in D. melanogaster.
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13
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Sengupta S, Rath U, Yao C, Zavortink M, Wang C, Girton J, Johansen KM, Johansen J. Digitor/dASCIZ Has Multiple Roles in Drosophila Development. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0166829. [PMID: 27861562 PMCID: PMC5115829 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study we provide evidence that the spindle matrix protein Skeletor in Drosophila interacts with the human ASCIZ (also known as ATMIN and ZNF822) ortholog, Digitor/dASCIZ. This interaction was first detected in a yeast two-hybrid screen and subsequently confirmed by pull-down assays. We also confirm a previously documented function of Digitor/dASCIZ as a regulator of Dynein light chain/Cut up expression. Using transgenic expression of a mCitrine-labeled Digitor construct, we show that Digitor/dASCIZ is a nuclear protein that is localized to interband and developmental puff chromosomal regions during interphase but redistributes to the spindle region during mitosis. Its mitotic localization and physical interaction with Skeletor suggest the possibility that Digitor/dASCIZ plays a direct role in mitotic progression as a member of the spindle matrix complex. Furthermore, we have characterized a P-element insertion that is likely to be a true null Digitor/dASCIZ allele resulting in complete pupal lethality when homozygous, indicating that Digitor/dASCIZ is an essential gene. Phenotypic analysis of the mutant provided evidence that Digitor/dASCIZ plays critical roles in regulation of metamorphosis and organogenesis as well as in the DNA damage response. In the Digitor/dASCIZ null mutant larvae there was greatly elevated levels of γH2Av, indicating accumulation of DNA double-strand breaks. Furthermore, reduced levels of Digitor/dASCIZ decreased the resistance to paraquat-induced oxidative stress resulting in increased mortality in a stress test paradigm. We show that an early developmental consequence of the absence of Digitor/dASCIZ is reduced third instar larval brain size although overall larval development appeared otherwise normal at this stage. While Digitor/dASCIZ mutant larvae initiate pupation, all mutant pupae failed to eclose and exhibited various defects in metamorphosis such as impaired differentiation, incomplete disc eversion, and faulty apoptosis. Altogether we provide evidence that Digitor/dASCIZ is a nuclear protein that performs multiple roles in Drosophila larval and pupal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saheli Sengupta
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Uttama Rath
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Changfu Yao
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Michael Zavortink
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Chao Wang
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Jack Girton
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Kristen M. Johansen
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
- * E-mail: (JJ); (KMJ)
| | - Jørgen Johansen
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
- * E-mail: (JJ); (KMJ)
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14
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Gleixner E, Ripp F, Gorr TA, Schuh R, Wolf C, Burmester T, Hankeln T. Knockdown of Drosophila hemoglobin suggests a role in O2 homeostasis. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2016; 72:20-30. [PMID: 27001071 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Almost all insects are equipped with a tracheal system, which appears to be sufficient for O2 supply even in phases of high metabolic activity. Therefore, with the exception of a few species dwelling in hypoxic habitats, specialized respiratory proteins had been considered unnecessary in insects. The recent discovery and apparently universal presence of intracellular hemoglobins in insects has remained functionally unexplained. The fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster harbors three different globin genes (referred to as glob1-3). Glob1 is the most highly expressed globin and essentially occurs in the tracheal system and the fat body. To better understand the functions of insect globins, the levels of glob1 were modulated in Drosophila larvae and adults by RNAi-mediated knockdown and transgenic over-expression. No effects on the development were observed in flies with manipulated glob1 levels. However, the knockdown of glob1 led to a significantly reduced survival rate of adult flies under hypoxia (5% and 1.5% O2). Surprisingly, the glob1 knockdown flies also displayed increased resistance towards the reactive oxygen species-forming agent paraquat, which may be explained by a restricted availability of O2 resulting in decreased formation of harmful O2(-). In summary, our results suggest an important functional role of glob1 in O2 homeostasis, possibly by enhancing O2 supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Gleixner
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, University of Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Fabian Ripp
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, University of Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas A Gorr
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland; Regenerative Medicine Program, University and University Hospital Zurich, CH-8901 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Reinhard Schuh
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christian Wolf
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, University of Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Thorsten Burmester
- Institute of Zoology and Zoological Museum, Biocenter Grindel, University of Hamburg, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Thomas Hankeln
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, University of Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
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15
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Díaz S, Martín-González A, Cubas L, Ortega R, Amaro F, Rodríguez-Martín D, Gutiérrez JC. High resistance of Tetrahymena thermophila to paraquat: Mitochondrial alterations, oxidative stress and antioxidant genes expression. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 144:909-917. [PMID: 26432532 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Revised: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Díaz
- Dpto. Microbiología-III, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense, C/.José Antonio Novais 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Martín-González
- Dpto. Microbiología-III, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense, C/.José Antonio Novais 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Liliana Cubas
- Dpto. Microbiología-III, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense, C/.José Antonio Novais 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ruth Ortega
- Dpto. Microbiología-III, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense, C/.José Antonio Novais 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Amaro
- Dpto. Microbiología-III, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense, C/.José Antonio Novais 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Rodríguez-Martín
- Dpto. Microbiología-III, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense, C/.José Antonio Novais 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan-Carlos Gutiérrez
- Dpto. Microbiología-III, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense, C/.José Antonio Novais 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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16
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Gruber H, Wessels W, Boynton P, Xu J, Wohlgemuth S, Leeuwenburgh C, Qi W, Austad SN, Schaible R, Philipp EER. Age-related cellular changes in the long-lived bivalve A. islandica. AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2015; 37:90. [PMID: 26318854 PMCID: PMC5005836 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-015-9831-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
One of the biggest challenges to studying causes and effects of aging is identifying changes in cells that are related to senescence instead of simply the passing of chronological time. We investigated two populations of the longest living non-colonial metazoan, Arctica islandica, with lifespans that differed sixfolds. Of four investigated parameters (nucleic acid oxidation, protein oxidation, lipid oxidation, and protein instability), only nucleic acid oxidation increased with age and correlated with relative lifespan. Nucleic acid oxidation levels increased significantly faster and were significantly higher in the shorter-lived than the longer-lived population. In contrast, neither protein oxidation, lipid oxidation, nor protein stability changed over time. Protein resistance to unfolding stress when treated with urea was significantly lower overall in the shorter-lived population, and lipid peroxidation levels were higher in the longer-lived population. With the exception of nucleic acid oxidation, damage levels of A. islandica do not change with age, indicating excellent cellular maintenance in both populations. Since correlations between nucleic acid oxidation and age have also been shown previously in other organisms, and nucleic acid oxidation accumulation rate correlates with relative age in both investigated populations, nucleic acid oxidation may reflect intrinsic aging mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heike Gruber
- Max-Planck-Institute for Evolutionary Biology, August-Thienemann Str. 2, 24306, Plön, Germany,
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Barnes VL, Bhat A, Unnikrishnan A, Heydari AR, Arking R, Pile LA. SIN3 is critical for stress resistance and modulates adult lifespan. Aging (Albany NY) 2015; 6:645-60. [PMID: 25133314 PMCID: PMC4169859 DOI: 10.18632/aging.100684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Coordinate control of gene activity is critical for fitness and longevity of an organism. The SIN3 histone deacetylase (HDAC) complex functions as a transcriptional repressor of many genes. SIN3-regulated genes include those that encode proteins affecting multiple aspects of mitochondrial function, such as energy production and stress responsiveness, important for health maintenance. Here we used Drosophila melanogaster as a model organism to examine the role of SIN3 in the regulation of fitness and longevity. Adult flies with RNA interference (RNAi) induced knockdown expression of Sin3A have reduced climbing ability; an activity that likely requires fully functional mitochondria. Additionally, compared to wild type, adult Sin3A knockdown flies were more sensitive to oxidative stress. Interestingly, media supplementation with the antioxidant glutathione largely restored fly tolerance to oxidative stress. Although Sin3A knockdown flies exhibited decreased longevity compared to wild type, no significant changes in expression of many well-categorized aging genes were observed. We found, however, that Sin3A knockdown corresponded to a significant reduction in expression of genes encoding proteins involved in the de novo synthesis of glutathione. Taken together, the data support a model whereby SIN3 regulates a gene expression program required for proper mitochondrial function and effective stress response during adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie L Barnes
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, 48202, USA
| | - Abhineeth Bhat
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, 48202, USA
| | - Archana Unnikrishnan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, 48202,USA
| | - Ahmad R Heydari
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, 48202,USA
| | - Robert Arking
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, 48202, USA
| | - Lori A Pile
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, 48202, USA
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18
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Chankova SG, Dimova EG, Mitrovska Z, Miteva D, Mokerova DV, Yonova PA, Yurina NP. Antioxidant and HSP70B responses in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii genotypes with different resistance to oxidative stress. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2014; 101:131-137. [PMID: 24507138 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2013.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2013] [Revised: 11/13/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Today, the information from model species that differ in their resistance to oxidative stress and the determination of suitable plant markers for screening stress-resistant genotypes are essential for better understanding of plant stress responses and for selection. Here we aimed to assess the differences in antioxidant and HSP70B responses to paraquat treatment between genotypes susceptible and resistant to oxidative stress. Four genotypes of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii were chosen as a model of plant cells: two susceptible genotypes: wild type and paraquat-sensitive; and two paraquat-resistant genotypes: with high and moderate resistance. Varying responses to paraquat treatment were found depending on the genotype and paraquat concentrations. High paraquat concentrations (>50μM) were shown to be very stressful for all C. reinhardtii genotypes, leading to inhibition of enzyme activity. Only the paraquat-sensitive genotype responded to low-level paraquat treatment with a marked enhancement of SOD, CAT, GST activities. The lack of statistically significant response measured as SOD, CAT, GST activities in WT and resistant genotypes could be considered as an indication of absence of strong oxidative stress. This could relate to higher levels of endogenous SOD and CAT activities characteristic of moderately and highly paraquat-resistant genotypes. The response to lower paraquat concentrations evaluated as HSP70B accumulation was proportional to the level of genotype susceptibility to PQ. New evidence is provided that low-level oxidative stress impacts the antioxidant and HSP70B responses differently depending on the genotype resistance. In light of the still unresolved challenge for identification of reliable characters for screening of genotype resistance/susceptibility to oxidative stress, our study demonstrates that HSP70B accumulation could be used as an early marker for induced oxidative stress in the studied genotypes. The obtained results that the most pronounced differences in the antioxidant and HSP70B response were found between the two susceptible genotypes provoke us to convey future experiments with other susceptible genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephka G Chankova
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2 Gagarin Street, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | - Evgeniya G Dimova
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2 Gagarin Street, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | - Zhana Mitrovska
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2 Gagarin Street, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | - Daniela Miteva
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2 Gagarin Street, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | - Dariya V Mokerova
- A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr., 33, Moscow 119071, Russia.
| | - Petranka A Yonova
- Bulgaria Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad G. Bonchev Street, Building 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | - Nadezhda P Yurina
- A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr., 33, Moscow 119071, Russia.
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19
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Wit J, Kristensen TN, Sarup P, Frydenberg J, Loeschcke V. Laboratory selection for increased longevity in Drosophila melanogaster reduces field performance. Exp Gerontol 2013; 48:1189-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2013.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Revised: 07/19/2013] [Accepted: 07/25/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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20
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Hosamani R. Acute exposure of Drosophila melanogaster to paraquat causes oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2013; 83:25-40. [PMID: 23564607 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Paraquat (PQ; 1, 1'-dimethyl-4-4'-bipyridinium), an herbicide and model neurotoxicant, is identified to be one of the prime risk factors in Parkinson's disease (PD). In the Drosophila system, PQ is commonly used to measure acquired resistance against oxidative stress (PQ resistance test). Despite this, under acute PQ exposure, data on the oxidative stress response and associated impact on mitochondria among flies is limited. Accordingly, in this study, we measured markers of oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunctions among adult male flies (8-10 days old) exposed to varying concentrations of PQ (10, 20, and 40 mM in 5% sucrose solution) employing a conventional filter disc method for 24 h. PQ exposure resulted in significant elevation in the levels of oxidative stress biomarkers (malondialdehyde: 43% increase: hydroperoxide: 32-39% increase), with concomitant enhancement in reduced glutathione and total thiol levels in cytosol. Higher activity of antioxidant enzymes were also evident along with increased free iron levels. Furthermore, PQ exposure caused a concentration-dependent increase in mitochondrial superoxide generation and activity of manganese-superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD). The activity levels of complex I-III, complex II-III, and Mg+2 adinosine triphosphatase (ATPase) were also decreased significantly. A robust diminution in the activity of succinate dehydrogenase and moderate decline in the citrate synthase activity suggested a specific effect on citric acid cycle enzymes. Collectively, these data suggest that acute PQ exposure causes significant oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction among flies in vivo. It is suggested that in various experimental settings, while conducting the "PQ resistance stress test" incorporation of selected biochemical end points is likely to enhance the quality of the data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravikumar Hosamani
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Central Food Technological Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Mysore, India.
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21
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Lazarević J, Đorđević M, Stojković B, Tucić N. Resistance to prooxidant agent paraquat in the short- and long-lived lines of the seed beetle (Acanthoscelides obtectus). Biogerontology 2013; 14:141-52. [DOI: 10.1007/s10522-013-9417-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Moskalev A, Plyusnina E, Shaposhnikov M, Shilova L, Kazachenok A, Zhavoronkov A. The role of D-GADD45 in oxidative, thermal and genotoxic stress resistance. Cell Cycle 2012; 11:4222-41. [PMID: 23095639 PMCID: PMC3524218 DOI: 10.4161/cc.22545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a relationship between various cellular stress factors and aging. In earlier studies, we demonstrated that overexpression of the D-GADD45 gene increases the life span of Drosophila melanogaster. In this study, we investigate the relationship between D-GADD45 activity and resistance to oxidative, genotoxic and thermal stresses as well as starvation. In most cases, flies with constitutive and conditional D-GADD45 overexpression in the nervous system were more stress-resistant than ones without overexpression. At the same time, most of the studied stress factors increased D-GADD45 expression in the wild-type strain. The lifespan-extending effect of D-GADD45 overexpression was also retained after exposure to chronic and acute gamma-irradiation, with doses of 40 сGy and 30 Gy, respectively. However, knocking out D-GADD45 resulted in a significant reduction in lifespan, lack of radiation hormesis and radioadaptive response. A dramatic decrease in the spontaneous level of D-GADD45 expression was observed in the nervous system as age progressed, which may be one of the causes of the age-related deterioration of organismal stress resistance. Thus, D-GADD45 expression is activated by most of the studied stress factors, and D-GADD45 overexpression resulted in an increase of stress resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Moskalev
- Laboratory of Molecular Radiobiology and Gerontology, Institute of Biology, Komi Science Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Russia.
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23
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Ungvari Z, Sosnowska D, Mason JB, Gruber H, Lee SW, Schwartz TS, Brown MK, Storm NJ, Fortney K, Sowa J, Byrne AB, Kurz T, Levy E, Sonntag WE, Austad SN, Csiszar A, Ridgway I. Resistance to genotoxic stresses in Arctica islandica, the longest living noncolonial animal: is extreme longevity associated with a multistress resistance phenotype? J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2012; 68:521-9. [PMID: 23051979 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/gls193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bivalve molluscs are newly discovered models of successful aging. Here, we test the hypothesis that extremely long-lived bivalves are not uniquely resistant to oxidative stressors (eg, tert-butyl hydroperoxide, as demonstrated in previous studies) but exhibit a multistress resistance phenotype. We contrasted resistance (in terms of organismal mortality) to genotoxic stresses (including topoisomerase inhibitors, agents that cross-link DNA or impair genomic integrity through DNA alkylation or methylation) and to mitochondrial oxidative stressors in three bivalve mollusc species with dramatically differing life spans: Arctica islandica (ocean quahog), Mercenaria mercenaria (northern quahog), and the Atlantic bay scallop, Argopecten irradians irradians (maximum species life spans: >500, >100, and ~2 years, respectively). With all stressors, the short-lived A i irradians were significantly less resistant than the two longer lived species. Arctica islandica were consistently more resistant than M mercenaria to mortality induced by oxidative stressors as well as DNA methylating agent nitrogen mustard and the DNA alkylating agent methyl methanesulfonate. The same trend was not observed for genotoxic agents that act through cross-linking DNA. In contrast, M mercenaria tended to be more resistant to epirubicin and genotoxic stressors, which cause DNA damage by inhibiting topoisomerases. To our knowledge, this is the first study comparing resistance to genotoxic stressors in bivalve mollusc species with disparate longevities. In line with previous studies of comparative stress resistance and longevity, our data extends, at least in part, the evidence for the hypothesis that an association exists between longevity and a general resistance to multiplex stressors, not solely oxidative stress. This work also provides justification for further investigation into the interspecies differences in stress response signatures induced by a diverse array of stressors in short-lived and long-lived bivalves, including pharmacological agents that elicit endoplasmic reticulum stress and cellular stress caused by activation of innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltan Ungvari
- 1Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Donald W. Reynolds Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
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24
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Moskalev AA, Smit-McBride Z, Shaposhnikov MV, Plyusnina EN, Zhavoronkov A, Budovsky A, Tacutu R, Fraifeld VE. Gadd45 proteins: relevance to aging, longevity and age-related pathologies. Ageing Res Rev 2012; 11:51-66. [PMID: 21986581 PMCID: PMC3765067 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2011.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2011] [Revised: 09/25/2011] [Accepted: 09/27/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The Gadd45 proteins have been intensively studied, in view of their important role in key cellular processes. Indeed, the Gadd45 proteins stand at the crossroad of the cell fates by controlling the balance between cell (DNA) repair, eliminating (apoptosis) or preventing the expansion of potentially dangerous cells (cell cycle arrest, cellular senescence), and maintaining the stem cell pool. However, the biogerontological aspects have not thus far received sufficient attention. Here we analyzed the pathways and modes of action by which Gadd45 members are involved in aging, longevity and age-related diseases. Because of their pleiotropic action, a decreased inducibility of Gadd45 members may have far-reaching consequences including genome instability, accumulation of DNA damage, and disorders in cellular homeostasis - all of which may eventually contribute to the aging process and age-related disorders (promotion of tumorigenesis, immune disorders, insulin resistance and reduced responsiveness to stress). Most recently, the dGadd45 gene has been identified as a longevity regulator in Drosophila. Although further wide-scale research is warranted, it is becoming increasingly clear that Gadd45s are highly relevant to aging, age-related diseases (ARDs) and to the control of life span, suggesting them as potential therapeutic targets in ARDs and pro-longevity interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey A Moskalev
- Group of Molecular Radiobiology and Gerontology, Institute of Biology, Komi Science Center of Russian Academy of Sciences.
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25
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No evidence of elevated germline mutation accumulation under oxidative stress in Caenorhabditis elegans. Genetics 2011; 189:1439-47. [PMID: 21979932 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.111.133660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Variation in rates of molecular evolution has been attributed to numerous, interrelated causes, including metabolic rate, body size, and generation time. Speculation concerning the influence of metabolic rate on rates of evolution often invokes the putative mutagenic effects of oxidative stress. To isolate the effects of oxidative stress on the germline from the effects of metabolic rate, generation time, and other factors, we allowed mutations to accumulate under relaxed selection for 125 generations in two strains of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, the canonical wild-type strain (N2) and a mutant strain with elevated steady-state oxidative stress (mev-1). Contrary to our expectation, the mutational decline in fitness did not differ between N2 and mev-1. This result suggests that the mutagenic effects of oxidative stress in C. elegans are minor relative to the effects of other types of mutations, such as errors during DNA replication. However, mev-1 MA lines did go extinct more frequently than wild-type lines; some possible explanations for the difference in extinction rate are discussed.
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Ranjini MS, Hosamani R, Muralidhara, Ramachandra NB. Differential susceptibility of a few members of thenasuta–albomicanscomplex ofDrosophilato paraquat-induced lethality and oxidative stress. Genome 2011; 54:829-35. [PMID: 21961920 DOI: 10.1139/g11-049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The evolution of karyotypically stabilized short-lived (SL) and long-lived (LL) cytoraces in the laboratory have been established and validated through our previous lifespan studies. In the present investigation, we examined the possible reason(s) for the differential longevity among selected members of SL and LL cytoraces, employing the well known paraquat (PQ) resistance bioassay. Exposure of these races to varying concentrations of PQ revealed relatively higher resistance among LL cytoraces than SL cytoraces, as evident by the lower incidence of mortality. Biochemical analysis for endogenous markers of oxidative stress revealed that LL-2 cytorace exhibited lower reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels, higher activity levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and coupled with higher levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) compared with the levels found in SL-2 cytorace. These findings suggest that the higher susceptibility of SL cytoraces to PQ challenge may be, at least in part, related to the higher endogenous levels of oxidative stress markers. Although the precise mechanisms responsible for the longer longevity among LL cytoraces of the nasuta–albomicans complex of Drosophila merits further investigation, our data suggest that the relatively longer lifespan may be related to the status of endogenous markers that renders them more resistant towards oxidative-stress-mediated lethality, as evident in the PQ assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mysore S. Ranjini
- Unit on Evolution and Genetics Laboratory, Department of Studies in Zoology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570 006, India
| | - Ravikumar Hosamani
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysore 570020, India
| | - Muralidhara
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysore 570020, India
| | - Nallur B. Ramachandra
- Unit on Evolution and Genetics Laboratory, Department of Studies in Zoology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570 006, India
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LOSDAT S, HELFENSTEIN F, SALADIN V, RICHNER H. Higher in vitro resistance to oxidative stress in extra-pair offspring. J Evol Biol 2011; 24:2525-30. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2011.02374.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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KIM SY, NOGUERA JC, MORALES J, VELANDO A. Heritability of resistance to oxidative stress in early life. J Evol Biol 2010; 23:769-75. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2010.01942.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Melvin RG, Van Voorhies WA, Ballard JWO. Working harder to stay alive: metabolic rate increases with age in Drosophila simulans but does not correlate with life span. JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2007; 53:1300-6. [PMID: 17915248 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2007.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2007] [Revised: 07/06/2007] [Accepted: 07/10/2007] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The hypothesis that metabolic rate is inversely correlated with life span has long been debated. Another area of controversy has been the relationship between metabolic rate and aging. In most molecular studies key aspects of cellular metabolism have been shown to decline with age. Less attention has been focused on metabolic rate as an organism ages. We studied the survival of three Drosophila simulans fly lines and measured whole organism metabolic rate, mitochondrial DNA copy number and walking speed. Metabolic rate as assayed by CO(2) production did not correlate with median lifespan but increased by 0.43-1.14%/d. In contrast, mitochondrial DNA copy number decreased by 0.56-1.06%/d. Physical activity, as assayed by mean walking speed, did not change with age but was positively correlated with mitochondrial DNA copy number. One explanation for these data is that metabolic rate was increased, in the face of a reduced mitochondrial DNA copy number and capacity for oxidative metabolism, to maintain a constant bioenergetic demand (physical activity). Alternatively, metabolic rate may increase to provide energy for the repair of cellular damage or due to a shift in metabolic substrate use over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard G Melvin
- Ramaciotti Centre for Gene Function Analysis, School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
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Baldal EA, Baktawar W, Brakefield PM, Zwaan BJ. Methuselah life history in a variety of conditions, implications for the use of mutants in longevity research. Exp Gerontol 2006; 41:1126-35. [PMID: 17064868 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2006.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2006] [Revised: 08/23/2006] [Accepted: 08/24/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The laboratory has yielded many long-lived mutants of several model-organisms in the past few years. Many of the resulting claims for extended longevity have been nuanced or shown to be restricted to specific conditions, including environments and genetic backgrounds. Here, we test whether the long-lived mutant fruit fly methuselah (mth(1)) displays its apparent superiority in longevity and stress resistance in different environments, at different ages and in correlated traits. The results demonstrate that stress resistance at different times in life is not consistently higher in the mutant relative to its progenitor strain (w(1118)). Furthermore, the mth(1) genotype only leads to an increase in longevity in an environment where reproduction is not stimulated. Also, virgin and mated life span were compared and showed that mating negatively affects life span, especially in the mth(1) individuals. This reduced the life span enhancing effect of the mutation to zero. This apparent environment and mating dependent trade-off between longevity and reproduction supports the disposable soma theory of ageing. We conclude that these data can only provide limited information on natural variation. The data show the need to uncover the full complexity of variation in such traits in natural environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Baldal
- Institute of Biology, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9516, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
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Baldal EA, Brakefield PM, Zwaan BJ. MULTITRAIT EVOLUTION IN LINES OFDROSOPHILA MELANOGASTERSELECTED FOR INCREASED STARVATION RESISTANCE: THE ROLE OF METABOLIC RATE AND IMPLICATIONS FOR THE EVOLUTION OF LONGEVITY. Evolution 2006. [DOI: 10.1111/j.0014-3820.2006.tb01222.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Vermeulen CJ, Cremers TIFH, Westerink BHC, Van De Zande L, Bijlsma R. Changes in dopamine levels and locomotor activity in response to selection on virgin lifespan in Drosophila melanogaster. Mech Ageing Dev 2006; 127:610-7. [PMID: 16620916 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2006.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2005] [Revised: 01/23/2006] [Accepted: 02/23/2006] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Among various other mechanisms, genetic differences in the production of reactive oxygen species are thought to underlie genetic variation for longevity. Here we report on possible changes in ROS production related processes in response to selection for divergent virgin lifespan in Drosophila. The selection lines were observed to differ significantly in dopamine levels and melanin pigmentation, which is associated with dopamine levels at eclosion. These findings confirm that variation in dopamine levels is associated with genetic variation for longevity. Dopamine has previously been implied in ROS production and in the occurrence of age-related neurodegenerative diseases. In addition, we propose a possible proximate mechanism by which dopamine levels affect longevity in Drosophila: We tested if increased dopamine levels were associated with a "rate-of-living" syndrome of increased activity and respiration levels, thus aggravating the level of oxidative stress. Findings on locomotor activity and oxygen consumption of short-lived flies were in line with expectations. However, the relation is not straightforward, as flies of the long-lived lines did not show any consistent differences in pigmentation or dopamine levels with respect to the control lines. Moreover, long-lived flies also had increased locomotor activity, but showed no consistent differences in respiration rate. This strongly suggests that the response for increased and decreased lifespan may be obtained by different mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Vermeulen
- Evolutionary Genetics, University of Groningen, NL-9751 NN, Haren, The Netherlands.
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Baldal EA, Brakefield PM, Zwaan BJ. MULTITRAIT EVOLUTION IN LINES OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER SELECTED FOR INCREASED STARVATION RESISTANCE: THE ROLE OF METABOLIC RATE AND IMPLICATIONS FOR THE EVOLUTION OF LONGEVITY. Evolution 2006. [DOI: 10.1554/05-693.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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