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Ma T, Zong H, Lu X, Zhuge B. Synthesis of pinene in the industrial strain Candida glycerinogenes by modification of its mevalonate pathway. J Microbiol 2022; 60:1191-1200. [PMID: 36279103 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-022-2344-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Terpenes have many applications and are widely found in nature, but recent progress in synthetic biology has enabled the use of microorganisms as chassis cells for the synthesis of these compounds. Candida glycerinogenes (C. glycerinogenes) is an industrial strain that may be developed as a chassis for the synthesis of terpenes since it has a tolerance to hyperosmolality and high sugar, and has a complete mevalonate (MVA) pathway. However, monoterpenes such as pinene are highly toxic, and the tolerance of C. glycerinogenes to pinene was investigated. We also measured the content of mevalonate and squalene to evaluate the strength of the MVA pathway. To determine terpene synthesis capacity, a pathway for the synthesis of pinene was constructed in C. glycerinogenes. Pinene production was improved by overexpression, gene knockdown and antisense RNA inhibition. Pinene production was mainly enhanced by strengthening the upstream MVA pathway and inhibiting the production of by-products from the downstream pathway. With these strategies, yield could be increased by almost 16 times, to 6.0 mg/L. Overall, we successfully constructed a pinene synthesis pathway in C. glycerinogenes and enhanced pinene production through metabolic modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, P. R. China
- Lab of Industrial Microorganism & Research and Design Center for Polyols, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Hong Zong
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, P. R. China
- Lab of Industrial Microorganism & Research and Design Center for Polyols, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Xinyao Lu
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, P. R. China
- Lab of Industrial Microorganism & Research and Design Center for Polyols, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Bin Zhuge
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, P. R. China.
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, P. R. China.
- Lab of Industrial Microorganism & Research and Design Center for Polyols, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, P. R. China.
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2
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Adebami GE, Kuila A, Ajunwa OM, Fasiku SA, Asemoloye MD. Genetics and metabolic engineering of yeast strains for efficient ethanol production. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.13798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Arindam Kuila
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology Banasthali University Vanasthali India
| | - Obinna M. Ajunwa
- Department of Microbiology Modibbo Adama University of Technology Yola Nigeria
| | - Samuel A. Fasiku
- Department of Biological Sciences Ajayi Crowther University Oyo Nigeria
| | - Michael D. Asemoloye
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin China
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3
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Uncoupling glucose sensing from GAL metabolism for heterologous lactose fermentation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biotechnol Lett 2021; 43:1607-1616. [PMID: 33937967 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-021-03136-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Development of a system for direct lactose to ethanol fermentation provides a market for the massive amounts of underutilized whey permeate made by the dairy industry. For this system, glucose and galactose metabolism were uncoupled in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by deleting two negative regulatory genes, GAL80 and MIG1, and introducing the essential lactose hydrolase LAC4 and lactose transporter LAC12, from the native but inefficient lactose fermenting yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus. RESULTS Previously, integration of the LAC4 and LAC12 genes into the MIG1 and NTH1 loci was achieved to construct strain AY-51024M. Low rates of lactose conversion led us to generate the Δmig1Δgal80 diploid mutant strain AY-GM from AY-5, which exhibited loss of diauxic growth and glucose repression, subsequently taking up galactose for consumption at a significantly higher rate and yielding higher ethanol concentrations than strain AY-51024M. Similarly, in cheese whey permeate powder solution (CWPS) during three, repeated, batch processes in a 5L bioreactor containing either 100 g/L or 150 g/L lactose, the lactose uptake and ethanol productivity rates were both significantly greater than that of AY-51024M, while the overall fermentation times were considerably lower. CONCLUSIONS Using the Cre-loxp system for deletion of the MIG1 and GAL80 genes to relieve glucose repression, and LAC4 and LAC12 overexpression to increase lactose uptake and conversion provides an efficient basis for yeast fermentation of whey permeate by-product into ethanol.
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Zazulya A, Semkiv M, Dmytruk K, Sibirny A. Adaptive Evolution for the Improvement of Ethanol Production During Alcoholic Fermentation with the Industrial Strains of Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae. CYTOL GENET+ 2020. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452720050059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Isolation and Investigation of Potential Non- Saccharomyces Yeasts to Improve the Volatile Terpene Compounds in Korean Muscat Bailey A Wine. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8101552. [PMID: 33050030 PMCID: PMC7601120 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8101552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Muscat Bailey A (MBA) grape, one of the most prominent grape cultivars in Korea, contains considerable amounts of monoterpene alcohols that have very low odor thresholds and significantly affect the perception of wine aroma. To develop a potential wine starter for Korean MBA wine, nine types of non-Saccharomyces yeasts were isolated from various Korean food materials, including nuruk, Sémillon grapes, persimmons, and Muscat Bailey A grapes, and their physiological, biochemical, and enzymatic properties were investigated and compared to the conventional wine fermentation strain, Saccharomyces cerevisiae W-3. Through API ZYM analysis, Wickerhamomyces anomalus JK04, Hanseniaspora vineae S7, Hanseniaspora uvarum S8, Candida railenensis S18, and Metschnikowia pulcherrima S36 were revealed to have β-glucosidase activity. Their activities were quantified by culturing in growth medium composed of different carbon sources: 2% glucose, 1% glucose + 1% cellobiose, and 2% cellobiose. W. anomalus JK04 and M. pulcherrima S36 showed the highest β-glucosidase activities in all growth media; thus, they were selected and utilized for MBA wine fermentation. MBA wines co-fermented with non-Saccharomyces yeasts (W. anomalus JK04 or M. pulcherrima S36) and S. cerevisiae W-3 showed significantly increased levels of linalool, citronellol, and geraniol compared to MBA wine fermented with S. cerevisiae W-3 (control). In a sensory evaluation, the flavor, taste, and overall preference scores of the co-fermented wines were higher than those for the control wine, suggesting that W. anomalus JK04 and M. pulcherrima S36 are favorable wine starters for improving Korean MBA wine quality.
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Cheng HJ, Sun YH, Chang HW, Cui FF, Xue HJ, Shen YB, Wang M, Luo JM. Compatible solutes adaptive alterations in Arthrobacter simplex during exposure to ethanol, and the effect of trehalose on the stress resistance and biotransformation performance. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2020; 43:895-908. [PMID: 31993798 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-020-02286-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Ethanol-tolerant Arthrobacter simplex is desirable since ethanol facilitates hydrophobic substrates dissolution on an industrial scale. Herein, alterations in compatible solutes were investigated under ethanol stress. The results showed that the amount of trehalose and glycerol increased while that of glutamate and proline decreased. The trehalose protectant role was verified and its concentration was positively related to the degree of cell tolerance. otsA, otsB and treS, three trehalose biosynthesis genes in A. simplex, also enhanced Escherichia coli stress tolerance, but the increased tolerance was dependent on the type and level of the stress. A. simplex strains accumulating trehalose showed a higher productivity in systems containing more ethanol and substrate because of better viability. The underlying mechanisms of trehalose were involved in better cell integrity, higher membrane stability, stronger reactive oxygen species scavenging capacity and higher energy level. Therefore, trehalose was a general protectant and the upregulation of its biosynthesis by genetic modification enhanced cell stress tolerance, consequently promoted productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Jin Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology (Tianjin University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Lab of Industrial Microbiology, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, 89 PO Box, No 29, St No13 Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Hua Sun
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology (Tianjin University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Lab of Industrial Microbiology, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, 89 PO Box, No 29, St No13 Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - Han-Wen Chang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology (Tianjin University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Lab of Industrial Microbiology, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, 89 PO Box, No 29, St No13 Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang-Fang Cui
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology (Tianjin University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Lab of Industrial Microbiology, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, 89 PO Box, No 29, St No13 Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Jie Xue
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology (Tianjin University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Lab of Industrial Microbiology, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, 89 PO Box, No 29, St No13 Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Bing Shen
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology (Tianjin University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Lab of Industrial Microbiology, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, 89 PO Box, No 29, St No13 Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology (Tianjin University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Lab of Industrial Microbiology, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, 89 PO Box, No 29, St No13 Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Mei Luo
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology (Tianjin University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Lab of Industrial Microbiology, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, 89 PO Box, No 29, St No13 Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China. .,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China.
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Pusa T, Ferrarini MG, Andrade R, Mary A, Marchetti-Spaccamela A, Stougie L, Sagot MF. MOOMIN - Mathematical explOration of 'Omics data on a MetabolIc Network. Bioinformatics 2019; 36:514-523. [PMID: 31504164 PMCID: PMC9883724 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btz584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Analysis of differential expression of genes is often performed to understand how the metabolic activity of an organism is impacted by a perturbation. However, because the system of metabolic regulation is complex and all changes are not directly reflected in the expression levels, interpreting these data can be difficult. RESULTS In this work, we present a new algorithm and computational tool that uses a genome-scale metabolic reconstruction to infer metabolic changes from differential expression data. Using the framework of constraint-based analysis, our method produces a qualitative hypothesis of a change in metabolic activity. In other words, each reaction of the network is inferred to have increased, decreased, or remained unchanged in flux. In contrast to similar previous approaches, our method does not require a biological objective function and does not assign on/off activity states to genes. An implementation is provided and it is available online. We apply the method to three published datasets to show that it successfully accomplishes its two main goals: confirming or rejecting metabolic changes suggested by differentially expressed genes based on how well they fit in as parts of a coordinated metabolic change, as well as inferring changes in reactions whose genes did not undergo differential expression. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION github.com/htpusa/moomin. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taneli Pusa
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. or
| | - Mariana Galvão Ferrarini
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive, UMR 5558, CNRS, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne 69622, France,Univ Lyon, INSA-Lyon, INRA, BF2i, UMR0203, F-69621, Villeurbanne 69622, France
| | - Ricardo Andrade
- INRIA Grenoble Rhône-Alpes, Montbonnot-Saint-Martin 38334, France,Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive, UMR 5558, CNRS, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne 69622, France
| | - Arnaud Mary
- INRIA Grenoble Rhône-Alpes, Montbonnot-Saint-Martin 38334, France,Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive, UMR 5558, CNRS, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne 69622, France
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8
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Ishchuk OP, Ahmad KM, Koruza K, Bojanovič K, Sprenger M, Kasper L, Brunke S, Hube B, Säll T, Hellmark T, Gullstrand B, Brion C, Freel K, Schacherer J, Regenberg B, Knecht W, Piškur J. RNAi as a Tool to Study Virulence in the Pathogenic Yeast Candida glabrata. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1679. [PMID: 31396189 PMCID: PMC6667738 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The yeast Candida glabrata is a major opportunistic pathogen causing mucosal and systemic infections in humans. Systemic infections caused by this yeast have high mortality rates and are difficult to treat due to this yeast’s intrinsic and frequently adapting antifungal resistance. To understand and treat C. glabrata infections, it is essential to investigate the molecular basis of C. glabrata virulence and resistance. We established an RNA interference (RNAi) system in C. glabrata by expressing the Dicer and Argonaute genes from Saccharomyces castellii (a budding yeast with natural RNAi). Our experiments with reporter genes and putative virulence genes showed that the introduction of RNAi resulted in 30 and 70% gene-knockdown for the construct-types antisense and hairpin, respectively. The resulting C. glabrata RNAi strain was used for the screening of a gene library for new virulence-related genes. Phenotypic profiling with a high-resolution quantification of growth identified genes involved in the maintenance of cell integrity, antifungal drugs, and ROS resistance. The genes identified by this approach are promising targets for the treatment of C. glabrata infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olena P Ishchuk
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Systems and Synthetic Biology, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | | | | | - Marcel Sprenger
- Department of Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Hans Knöll Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Lydia Kasper
- Department of Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Hans Knöll Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Sascha Brunke
- Department of Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Hans Knöll Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Bernhard Hube
- Department of Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Hans Knöll Institute, Jena, Germany.,Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Torbjörn Säll
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | | | - Christian Brion
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Genomics and Microbiology, Strasbourg University, Strasbourg, France
| | - Kelle Freel
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Genomics and Microbiology, Strasbourg University, Strasbourg, France
| | - Joseph Schacherer
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Genomics and Microbiology, Strasbourg University, Strasbourg, France
| | - Birgitte Regenberg
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Wolfgang Knecht
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Lund Protein Production Platform, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jure Piškur
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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9
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Development of air-blast dried non-Saccharomyces yeast starter for improving quality of Korean persimmon wine and apple cider. Int J Food Microbiol 2019; 290:193-204. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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10
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Effect of Trehalose and Glycerol on the Resistance of Recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae Strains to Desiccation, Freeze-Thaw and Osmotic Stresses. SCIENCE AND INNOVATION 2018. [DOI: 10.15407/scine14.06.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
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11
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Yang F, Lu X, Zong H, Ji H, Zhuge B. Gene expression profiles of Candida glycerinogenes under combined heat and high-glucose stresses. J Biosci Bioeng 2018; 126:464-469. [PMID: 29724569 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Low cell tolerance is a basic issue in high-glucose fermentation under high temperature to economically obtain high product titer. Candida glycerinogenes, an industrial yeast, has excellent tolerance to the combined heat and high-glucose stress than Saccharomycescerevisiae. The potential mechanism responsible for the high tolerance was illustrated here. The transcription of the potential stress-responsive genes in two strains were varied under single stress (heat or high-glucose), especially the ribosome-related genes. Unlike S. cerevisiae, C. glycerinogenes up-regulated 17 genes, including most of the single stress responsive genes, and genes Avt1 and Pfk1 under the combined stress, indicating a more systematic stress-responsive system in C. glycerinogenes. Further down-regulating the 17 potential key responsive genes indicated that genes Dip5, Gpd1, Pfk1, Hxt4, Hxt6, and Ino4 are important for cell tolerance to the combined stress. Furthermore, most of the ribosomal function related genes, such as Mrt4, Nug1, Nop53, Rpa190, Rex4, and Nsr1, play important role in cell tolerance. Therefore, the wider responsive gene spectrum and the activated expression of ribosomal function related genes might be key and prerequisite factors for the excellent tolerance to the combined stress of C. glycerinogenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Xinyao Lu
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Hong Zong
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Hao Ji
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Bin Zhuge
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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12
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Qiu Z, Jiang R. Improving Saccharomyces cerevisiae ethanol production and tolerance via RNA polymerase II subunit Rpb7. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2017; 10:125. [PMID: 28515784 PMCID: PMC5433082 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-017-0806-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Classical strain engineering methods often have limitations in altering multigenetic cellular phenotypes. Here we try to improve Saccharomyces cerevisiae ethanol tolerance and productivity by reprogramming its transcription profile through rewiring its key transcription component RNA polymerase II (RNAP II), which plays a central role in synthesizing mRNAs. This is the first report on using directed evolution method to engineer RNAP II to alter S. cerevisiae strain phenotypes. RESULTS Error-prone PCR was employed to engineer the subunit Rpb7 of RNAP II to improve yeast ethanol tolerance and production. Based on previous studies and the presumption that improved ethanol resistance would lead to enhanced ethanol production, we first isolated variant M1 with much improved resistance towards 8 and 10% ethanol. The ethanol titers of M1 was ~122 g/L (96.58% of the theoretical yield) under laboratory very high gravity (VHG) fermentation, 40% increase as compared to the control. DNA microarray assay showed that 369 genes had differential expression in M1 after 12 h VHG fermentation, which are involved in glycolysis, alcoholic fermentation, oxidative stress response, etc. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to demonstrate the possibility of engineering eukaryotic RNAP to alter global transcription profile and improve strain phenotypes. Targeting subunit Rpb7 of RNAP II was able to bring differential expression in hundreds of genes in S. cerevisiae, which finally led to improvement in yeast ethanol tolerance and production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilong Qiu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459 Singapore
| | - Rongrong Jiang
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459 Singapore
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13
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Guan N, Li J, Shin HD, Du G, Chen J, Liu L. Microbial response to environmental stresses: from fundamental mechanisms to practical applications. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:3991-4008. [PMID: 28409384 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8264-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Environmental stresses are usually active during the process of microbial fermentation and have significant influence on microbial physiology. Microorganisms have developed a series of strategies to resist environmental stresses. For instance, they maintain the integrity and fluidity of cell membranes by modulating their structure and composition, and the permeability and activities of transporters are adjusted to control nutrient transport and ion exchange. Certain transcription factors are activated to enhance gene expression, and specific signal transduction pathways are induced to adapt to environmental changes. Besides, microbial cells also have well-established repair mechanisms that protect their macromolecules against damages inflicted by environmental stresses. Oxidative, hyperosmotic, thermal, acid, and organic solvent stresses are significant in microbial fermentation. In this review, we summarize the modus operandi by which these stresses act on cellular components, as well as the corresponding resistance mechanisms developed by microorganisms. Then, we discuss the applications of these stress resistance mechanisms on the production of industrially important chemicals. Finally, we prospect the application of systems biology and synthetic biology in the identification of resistant mechanisms and improvement of metabolic robustness of microorganisms in environmental stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningzi Guan
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.,School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Jianghua Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Hyun-Dong Shin
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Guocheng Du
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Long Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China. .,Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
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14
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Lee SB, Choi WS, Jo HJ, Yeo SH, Park HD. Optimization of air-blast drying process for manufacturing Saccharomyces cerevisiae and non-Saccharomyces yeast as industrial wine starters. AMB Express 2016; 6:105. [PMID: 27822898 PMCID: PMC5099301 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-016-0278-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Wine yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae D8) and non-Saccharomyces wine yeasts (Hanseniaspora uvarum S6 and Issatchenkia orientalis KMBL5774) were studied using air-blast drying instead of the conventional drying methods (such as freeze and spray drying). Skim milk—a widely used protective agent—was used and in all strains, the highest viabilities following air-blast drying were obtained using 10% skim milk. Four excipients (wheat flour, nuruk, artichoke powder, and lactomil) were evaluated as protective agents for yeast strains during air-blast drying. Our results showed that 7 g lactomil was the best excipient in terms of drying time, powder form, and the survival rate of the yeast in the final product. Finally, 7 types of sugars were investigated to improve the survival rate of air-blast dried yeast cells: 10% trehalose, 10% sucrose, and 10% glucose had the highest survival rate of 97.54, 92.59, and 79.49% for S. cerevisiae D8, H. uvarum S6, and I. orientalis KMBL5774, respectively. After 3 months of storage, S. cerevisiae D8 and H. uvarum S6 demonstrated good survival rates (making them suitable for use as starters), whereas the survival rate of I. orientalis KMBL5774 decreased considerably compared to the other strains. Air-blast dried S. cerevisiae D8 and H. uvarum S6 showed metabolic activities similar to those of non-dried yeast cells, regardless of the storage period. Air-blast dried I. orientalis KMBL5774 showed a noticeable decrease in its ability to decompose malic acid after 3 months of storage at 4 °C.
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Hashim Z, Fukusaki E. Metabolomics-based prediction models of yeast strains for screening of metabolites contributing to ethanol stress tolerance. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/36/1/012046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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16
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Cray JA, Stevenson A, Ball P, Bankar SB, Eleutherio ECA, Ezeji TC, Singhal RS, Thevelein JM, Timson DJ, Hallsworth JE. Chaotropicity: a key factor in product tolerance of biofuel-producing microorganisms. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2015; 33:228-59. [PMID: 25841213 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2015.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Revised: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Fermentation products can chaotropically disorder macromolecular systems and induce oxidative stress, thus inhibiting biofuel production. Recently, the chaotropic activities of ethanol, butanol and vanillin have been quantified (5.93, 37.4, 174kJ kg(-1)m(-1) respectively). Use of low temperatures and/or stabilizing (kosmotropic) substances, and other approaches, can reduce, neutralize or circumvent product-chaotropicity. However, there may be limits to the alcohol concentrations that cells can tolerate; e.g. for ethanol tolerance in the most robust Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains, these are close to both the solubility limit (<25%, w/v ethanol) and the water-activity limit of the most xerotolerant strains (0.880). Nevertheless, knowledge-based strategies to mitigate or neutralize chaotropicity could lead to major improvements in rates of product formation and yields, and also therefore in the economics of biofuel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A Cray
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, MBC, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Andrew Stevenson
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, MBC, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Philip Ball
- 18 Hillcourt Road, East Dulwich, London SE22 0PE, UK
| | - Sandip B Bankar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Pune-Satara Road, Pune 411043, India
| | - Elis C A Eleutherio
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Quimica, Programa de Pós-graduação Bioquimica, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Thaddeus C Ezeji
- Department of Animal Sciences and Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center (OARDC), The Ohio State University, 305 Gerlaugh Hall, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, USA
| | - Rekha S Singhal
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, N.P. Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400019, India
| | - Johan M Thevelein
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Botany and Microbiology, KU Leuven and Department of Molecular Microbiology, VIB, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, Flanders, Leuven-Heverlee B-3001, Belgium
| | - David J Timson
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, MBC, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - John E Hallsworth
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, MBC, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK.
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Doğan A, Demirci S, Aytekin AÖ, Şahin F. Improvements of tolerance to stress conditions by genetic engineering in Saccharomyces cerevisiae during ethanol production. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2014; 174:28-42. [PMID: 24908051 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-014-1006-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, industrial yeast isolate, has been of great interest in recent years for fuel ethanol production. The ethanol yield and productivity depend on many inhibitory factors during the fermentation process such as temperature, ethanol, compounds released as the result of pretreatment procedures, and osmotic stress. An ideal strain should be able to grow under different stress conditions occurred at different fermentation steps. Development of tolerant yeast strains can be achieved by reprogramming pathways supporting the ethanol metabolism by regulating the energy balance and detoxicification processes. Complex gene interactions should be solved for an in-depth comprehension of the yeast stress tolerance mechanism. Genetic engineering as a powerful biotechnological tool is required to design new strategies for increasing the ethanol fermentation performance. Upregulation of stress tolerance genes by recombinant DNA technology can be a useful approach to overcome inhibitory situations. This review presents the application of several genetic engineering strategies to increase ethanol yield under different stress conditions including inhibitor tolerance, ethanol tolerance, thermotolerance, and osmotolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşegül Doğan
- Department of Genetics and BioEngineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Yeditepe University, 26 Ağustos Campus, Kayisdagi cad., Kayisdagi, TR-34755, Istanbul, Turkey,
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18
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Dmytruk KV, Sibirny AA. Metabolic engineering of the yeast Hansenula polymorpha for the construction of efficient ethanol producers. CYTOL GENET+ 2013. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452713060029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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19
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Wang PM, Zheng DQ, Chi XQ, Li O, Qian CD, Liu TZ, Zhang XY, Du FG, Sun PY, Qu AM, Wu XC. Relationship of trehalose accumulation with ethanol fermentation in industrial Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast strains. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 152:371-376. [PMID: 24316480 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2013] [Revised: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The protective effect and the mechanisms of trehalose accumulation in industrial Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains were investigated during ethanol fermentation. The engineered strains with more intercellular trehalose achieved significantly higher fermentation rates and ethanol yields than their wild strain ZS during very high gravity (VHG) fermentation, while their performances were not different during regular fermentation. The VHG fermentation performances of these strains were consistent with their growth capacity under osmotic stress and ethanol stress, the key stress factors during VHG fermentation. These results suggest that trehalose accumulation is more important for VHG fermentation of industrial yeast strains than regular one. The differences in membrane integrity and antioxidative capacity of these strains indicated the possible mechanisms of trehalose as a protectant under VHG condition. Therefore, trehalose metabolic engineering may be a useful strategy for improving the VHG fermentation performance of industrial yeast strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin-Mei Wang
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang Province, China; Institute of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Dao-Qiong Zheng
- Institute of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiao-Qin Chi
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Xiamen University Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen 361004, Fujian Province, China
| | - Ou Li
- Institute of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chao-Dong Qian
- Institute of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Tian-Zhe Liu
- Institute of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiao-Yang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Motor Vehicle Biofuel Technology, Nanyang 473000, Henan Province, China
| | - Feng-Guang Du
- State Key Laboratory of Motor Vehicle Biofuel Technology, Nanyang 473000, Henan Province, China
| | - Pei-Yong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Motor Vehicle Biofuel Technology, Nanyang 473000, Henan Province, China
| | - Ai-Min Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Motor Vehicle Biofuel Technology, Nanyang 473000, Henan Province, China
| | - Xue-Chang Wu
- Institute of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang Province, China.
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20
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Expression of TPS1 Gene from Saccharomycopsis fibuligera A11 in Saccharomyces sp. W0 Enhances Trehalose Accumulation, Ethanol Tolerance, and Ethanol Production. Mol Biotechnol 2013; 56:72-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s12033-013-9683-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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21
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Kim IS, Kim YS, Kim H, Jin I, Yoon HS. Saccharomyces cerevisiae KNU5377 stress response during high-temperature ethanol fermentation. Mol Cells 2013; 35:210-8. [PMID: 23512334 PMCID: PMC3887908 DOI: 10.1007/s10059-013-2258-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2012] [Revised: 11/07/2012] [Accepted: 11/08/2012] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Fuel ethanol production is far more costly to produce than fossil fuels. There are a number of approaches to cost-effective fuel ethanol production from biomass. We characterized stress response of thermotolerant Saccharomyces cerevisiae KNU5377 during glucose-based batch fermentation at high temperature (40°C). S. cerevisiae KNU5377 (KNU5377) transcription factors (Hsf1, Msn2/4, and Yap1), metabolic enzymes (hexokinase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, and alcohol dehydrogenase), antioxidant enzymes (thioredoxin 3, thioredoxin reductase, and porin), and molecular chaperones and its cofactors (Hsp104, Hsp82, Hsp60, Hsp42, Hsp30, Hsp26, Cpr1, Sti1, and Zpr1) are upregulated during fermentation, in comparison to S. cerevisiae S288C (S288C). Expression of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase increased significantly in KNU5377 cells. In addition, cellular hydroperoxide and protein oxidation, particularly lipid peroxidation of triosephosphate isomerase, was lower in KNU5377 than in S288C. Thus, KNU5377 activates various cell rescue proteins through transcription activators, improving tolerance and increasing alcohol yield by rapidly responding to fermentation stress through redox homeostasis and proteostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Il-Sup Kim
- Advanced Bio-resource Research Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701,
Korea
| | - Young-Saeng Kim
- Department of Biology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701,
Korea
| | - Hyun Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701,
Korea
| | - Ingnyol Jin
- Department of Microbiology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701,
Korea
| | - Ho-Sung Yoon
- Advanced Bio-resource Research Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701,
Korea
- Department of Biology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701,
Korea
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22
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Improve carbon metabolic flux in Saccharomyces cerevisiae at high temperature by overexpressed TSL1 gene. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 40:345-52. [PMID: 23377879 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-013-1233-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2012] [Accepted: 01/19/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
This study describes a novel strategy to improve the glycolysis flux of Saccharomyces cerevisiae at high temperature. The TSL1 gene-encoding regulatory subunit of the trehalose synthase complex was overexpressed in S. cerevisiae Z-06, which increased levels of trehalose synthase activity in extracts, enhanced stress tolerance and glucose consuming rate of the yeast cells. As a consequence, the final ethanol concentration of 185.5 g/L was obtained at 38 °C for 36 h (with productivity up to 5.2 g/L/h) in 7-L fermentor, and the ethanol productivity was 92.7 % higher than that of the parent strain. The results presented here provide a novel way to enhance the carbon metabolic flux at high temperature, which will be available for the purposes of producing other primary metabolites of commercial interest using S. cerevisiae as a host.
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23
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Li H, Ma ML, Luo S, Zhang RM, Han P, Hu W. Metabolic responses to ethanol in Saccharomyces cerevisiae using a gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry-based metabolomics approach. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2012; 44:1087-96. [PMID: 22504284 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2012.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2011] [Revised: 03/22/2012] [Accepted: 03/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
During the fermentation process, Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells are often inhibited by the accumulated ethanol, and the mechanism of the S. cerevisiae response to ethanol is not fully understood. In the current study, a systematic analytical approach was used to investigate the changes in the S. cerevisiae cell metabolome that were elicited by treatment with various concentrations of ethanol. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and a multivariate analysis were employed to investigate the ethanol-associated intracellular biochemical changes in S. cerevisiae. The intracellular metabolite profiles that were found upon treatment of the cells with different concentrations of ethanol were unique and could be distinguished with the aid of principal component analysis. Furthermore, partial least-squares-discriminant analysis revealed a group classification and pairwise discrimination between the control without ethanol and ethanol treated groups, and 29 differential metabolites with variable importance in the projection value greater than 1 were identified, which was also confirmed by the subsequent hierarchical cluster analysis. The metabolic relevance of these compounds in the response of S. cerevisiae to ethanol stress was investigated. Under ethanol stress, the glycolysis was inhibited and the use of carbon sources for fermentation was diminished, which might account for the growth inhibition of S. cerevisiae cells. It was suggested that S. cerevisiae cells change the levels of fatty acids, e.g., hexadecanoic, octadecanoic and palmitelaidic acids, to maintain the integrity of their plasma membrane through decreasing membrane fluidity in the medium containing ethanol. Moreover, the increased levels of some amino acids idemtified in the cells of ethanol-treated experimental group might also confer ethanol tolerance to S. cerevisiae. These results reveal that the metabolomics strategy is a powerful tool to gain insight into the molecular mechanism of a microorganism's cellular response to environmental stress factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
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24
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25
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Ma R, Zhang Y, Hong H, Lu W, Lin M, Chen M, Zhang W. Improved osmotic tolerance and ethanol production of ethanologenic Escherichia coli by IrrE, a global regulator of radiation-resistance of Deinococcus radiodurans. Curr Microbiol 2010; 62:659-64. [PMID: 20959988 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-010-9759-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2010] [Accepted: 09/03/2010] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Successful fermentations to produce ethanol using ethanologenic Escherichia coli require tolerance to high concentrations of sugars. Here we demonstrate that irrE, encoding a regulatory protein for radiation-resistance in Deinococcus radiodurans, conferred improved osmotic stress tolerance to E. coli. Expression of the gene protected E. coli cells against 25% glucose or xylose, acid shock. It also markedly improved cellular viability, the transcriptional levels of trehalose biosynthetic genes (otsBA) and trehalose content in the IrrE-expressing strain compared with the control strain. IrrE expression also enhanced the expression levels and enzymatic activities of PDC and ADHB as well as ethanol production. Our results suggest that IrrE could potentially be used to improve osmotic stress tolerance and ethanol production in ethanologenic strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqiang Ma
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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26
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Jia K, Zhang Y, Li Y. Systematic engineering of microorganisms to improve alcohol tolerance. Eng Life Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201000076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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27
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Ishchuk OP, Voronovsky AY, Abbas CA, Sibirny AA. Construction ofHansenula polymorphastrains with improved thermotolerance. Biotechnol Bioeng 2009; 104:911-9. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.22457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Garre E, Matallana E. The three trehalases Nth1p, Nth2p and Ath1p participate in the mobilization of intracellular trehalose required for recovery from saline stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2009; 155:3092-3099. [PMID: 19520725 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.024992-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Trehalose accumulation is a common response to several stresses in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This metabolite protects proteins and membrane lipids from structural damage and helps cells to maintain integrity. Based on genetic studies, degradation of trehalose has been proposed as a required mechanism for growth recovery after stress, and the neutral trehalase Nth1p as the unique degradative activity involved. Here we constructed a collection of mutants for several trehalose metabolism and transport genes and analysed their growth and trehalose mobilization profiles during experiments of saline stress recovery. The behaviour of the triple Deltanth1Deltanth2Deltaath1 and quadruple Deltanth1Deltanth2Deltaath1Deltaagt1 mutant strains in these experiments demonstrates the participation of the three known yeast trehalases Nth1p, Nth2p and Ath1p in the mobilization of intracellular trehalose during growth recovery after saline stress, rules out the participation of the Agt1p H(+)-disaccharide symporter, and allows us to propose the existence of additional new mechanisms for trehalose mobilization after saline stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Garre
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universitat de València, and Departamento de Biotecnología, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | - Emilia Matallana
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universitat de València, and Departamento de Biotecnología, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, CSIC, Valencia, Spain
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Zhao XQ, Bai FW. Mechanisms of yeast stress tolerance and its manipulation for efficient fuel ethanol production. J Biotechnol 2009; 144:23-30. [PMID: 19446584 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2009.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2009] [Revised: 04/28/2009] [Accepted: 05/06/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Yeast strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae have been extensively studied in recent years for fuel ethanol production, in which yeast cells are exposed to various stresses such as high temperature, ethanol inhibition, and osmotic pressure from product and substrate sugars as well as the inhibitory substances released from the pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass. An in-depth understanding of the mechanism of yeast stress tolerance contributes to breeding more robust strains for ethanol production, especially under very high gravity conditions. Taking advantage of the "omics" technology, the stress response and defense mechanism of yeast cells during ethanol fermentation were further explored, and the newly emerged tools such as genome shuffling and global transcription machinery engineering have been applied to breed stress resistant yeast strains for ethanol production. In this review, the latest development of stress tolerance mechanisms was focused, and improvement of yeast stress tolerance by both random and rational tools was presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Q Zhao
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, China
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30
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Abstract
The traditional use of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae in alcoholic fermentation has, over time, resulted in substantial accumulated knowledge concerning genetics, physiology, and biochemistry as well as genetic engineering and fermentation technologies. S. cerevisiae has become a platform organism for developing metabolic engineering strategies, methods, and tools. The current review discusses the relevance of several engineering strategies, such as rational and inverse metabolic engineering, evolutionary engineering, and global transcription machinery engineering, in yeast strain improvement. It also summarizes existing tools for fine-tuning and regulating enzyme activities and thus metabolic pathways. Recent examples of yeast metabolic engineering for food, beverage, and industrial biotechnology (bioethanol and bulk and fine chemicals) follow. S. cerevisiae currently enjoys increasing popularity as a production organism in industrial ("white") biotechnology due to its inherent tolerance of low pH values and high ethanol and inhibitor concentrations and its ability to grow anaerobically. Attention is paid to utilizing lignocellulosic biomass as a potential substrate.
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Hirasawa T, Yoshikawa K, Nakakura Y, Nagahisa K, Furusawa C, Katakura Y, Shimizu H, Shioya S. Identification of target genes conferring ethanol stress tolerance to Saccharomyces cerevisiae based on DNA microarray data analysis. J Biotechnol 2007; 131:34-44. [PMID: 17604866 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2007.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2006] [Revised: 04/26/2007] [Accepted: 05/07/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
During industrial production process using yeast, cells are exposed to the stress due to the accumulation of ethanol, which affects the cell growth activity and productivity of target products, thus, the ethanol stress-tolerant yeast strains are highly desired. To identify the target gene(s) for constructing ethanol stress tolerant yeast strains, we obtained the gene expression profiles of two strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, namely, a laboratory strain and a strain used for brewing Japanese rice wine (sake), in the presence of 5% (v/v) ethanol, using DNA microarray. For the selection of target genes for breeding ethanol stress tolerant strains, clustering of DNA microarray data was performed. For further selection, the ethanol sensitivity of the knockout mutants in each of which the gene selected by DNA microarray analysis is deleted, was also investigated. The integration of the DNA microarray data and the ethanol sensitivity data of knockout strains suggests that the enhancement of expression of genes related to tryptophan biosynthesis might confer the ethanol stress tolerance to yeast cells. Indeed, the strains overexpressing tryptophan biosynthesis genes showed a stress tolerance to 5% ethanol. Moreover, the addition of tryptophan to the culture medium and overexpression of tryptophan permease gene conferred ethanol stress tolerance to yeast cells. These results indicate that overexpression of the genes for trypophan biosynthesis increases the ethanol stress tolerance. Tryptophan supplementation to culture and overexpression of the tryptophan permease gene are also effective for the increase in ethanol stress tolerance. Our methodology for the selection of target genes for constructing ethanol stress tolerant strains, based on the data of DNA microarray analysis and phenotypes of knockout mutants, was validated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Hirasawa
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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32
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Current awareness on yeast. Yeast 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/yea.1316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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