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Qin G, Zhang L, Guo J, Fang S, E G, Zeng Y, Huang Y, Han Y. Combined Proteomic and Metabolomic Analysis Reveals Comprehensive Regulation of Somatostatin DNA Vaccine in Goats. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6888. [PMID: 39000000 PMCID: PMC11241611 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Somatostatin (SS) plays crucial regulatory roles in animal growth and reproduction by affecting the synthesis and secretion of growth hormone (GH). However, the mechanism by which SS regulates growth and development in goats is still unclear. In order to investigate the regulatory networks of the hypothalamus and pituitary in goats affected by SS DNA vaccines, in this study, we used a previously established oral attenuated Salmonella typhimurium SS DNA vaccine, X9241 (ptCS/2SS-asd), to treat wethers. We analyzed the protein changes in hypothalamic and pituitary tissues using a TMT-based proteomics approach. Additionally, we examined the metabolic profiles of the serum of control and immunized wethers through untargeted metabolomics using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Key signaling pathways were identified based on differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) and differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). Furthermore, the effect of critical DEPs on signaling pathways was confirmed through Western blotting (WB) experiments, which elucidated the mechanism of active SS immunization in wethers. A proteomics analysis revealed that the expression of 58 proteins in the hypothalamus and 124 in the pituitary gland was significantly altered following SS vaccine treatment (fold change > 1.2 or < 0.83, p < 0.05). In the hypothalamus, many DEPs were associated with gene ontology (GO) terms related to neuronal signaling. In contrast, most DEPs were associated with metabolic pathways. In the pituitary gland, the DEPs were largely related to immune and nutrient metabolism functions, with significant enrichment in KEGG pathways, particularly those involving the metabolic pathway, sphingolipid signaling, and the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway. A metabolomic analysis further showed that active SS immunization in wethers led to significant alterations in seven serum metabolites. Notably, the sphingolipid signaling pathway, secondary bile acid synthesis, sphingolipid metabolism, and lysine synthesis were significantly disrupted. SS vaccines induced marked changes in hypothalamic-pituitary proteins in wethers, facilitating alterations in their growth processes. This study not only provides insights into the mechanism of the SS gene in regulating GH secretion in wethers but also establishes a basis for hormone immunoregulation technology to enhance livestock production performance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yanguo Han
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, Chongqing Engineering Research Centre for Herbivores Resource Protection and Utilization, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (G.Q.); (L.Z.); (J.G.); (S.F.); (G.E.); (Y.Z.); (Y.H.)
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Luo X, Zu Z, Riaz H, Dan X, Yu X, Liu S, Guo A, Wen Y, Liang A, Yang L. Evaluation of a Novel DNA Vaccine Double Encoding Somatostatin and Cortistatin for Promoting the Growth of Mice. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12121490. [PMID: 35739827 PMCID: PMC9219454 DOI: 10.3390/ani12121490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal growth traits are directly linked with the economics of livestock species. A somatostatin DNA vaccine has been developed to improve the growth of animals. However, the growth-promoting effect is still unsatisfying. The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of a novel eukaryotic dual expression vaccine known as pIRES-S/CST14-S/2SS, which encodes the genes obtained by fusing somatostatin (SS) and cortistatin (CST) into hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). After transfection into GH3 cells with pIRES-S/CST14-S/2SS, green fluorescence signals were observed by fluorescence microscopy, suggesting the effective expression of CST and SS in GH3 cells using the IRES elements. Subsequently, both GH and PRL levels were found to be significantly lower in pIRES-S/CST14-S/2SS-treated cells as compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the antibody level, hormone secretion, and weight gain in the mice injected with novel recombinant plasmids were also evaluated. The anti-SS antibodies were detectable in all vaccine treated groups, resulting in significantly higher levels of GH secretion (p < 0.05). It is worth mentioning that pIRES-S/CST14-S/2SS (10 μg/100 μL) vaccinated mice exhibited a higher body weight gain in the second immunization period. This study increases the understanding of the relationship between somatostatin and cortistatin, and may help to develop an effective growth-promoting DNA vaccine in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Luo
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (X.L.); (Z.Z.); (X.D.); (S.L.)
- Hunan Institute of Animal and Veterinary Science, Changsha 410131, China
| | - Zhuoxin Zu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (X.L.); (Z.Z.); (X.D.); (S.L.)
| | - Hasan Riaz
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Sahiwal Campus, Islamabad 57000, Pakistan;
| | - Xingang Dan
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (X.L.); (Z.Z.); (X.D.); (S.L.)
| | - Xue Yu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, China;
| | - Shuanghang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (X.L.); (Z.Z.); (X.D.); (S.L.)
| | - Aizhen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
| | - Yilin Wen
- Yongzhou Vocational Technical College, Yongzhou 425100, China;
| | - Aixin Liang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (X.L.); (Z.Z.); (X.D.); (S.L.)
- National Center for International Research on Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (NCIRAGBR), Wuhan 430070, China
- Correspondence: (A.L.); (L.Y.)
| | - Liguo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (X.L.); (Z.Z.); (X.D.); (S.L.)
- National Center for International Research on Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (NCIRAGBR), Wuhan 430070, China
- Correspondence: (A.L.); (L.Y.)
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Roques E, Lessard M, Archambault D. The Cholera Toxin B Subunit (CTB) Fused to the Porcine Arterivirus Matrix M and GP5 Envelope Proteins Fails to Enhance the GP5-Specific Antibody Response in Pigs Immunized with Adenovectors. Mol Biotechnol 2015; 57:701-8. [PMID: 25801418 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-015-9861-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is an arterivirus of the Arteriviridae family. As the current commercial vaccines are incompletely protective effective against PRRSV infection, we developed a vaccine strategy using replicating but non-disseminating adenovectors (rAdVs) expressing the PRRSV M matrix protein in fusion with the neutralizing major epitope-carrying GP5 envelope protein (Roques et al. in Vet Res 44:17, 2013). Although production of GP5-specific antibodies (Abs) was observed, no PRRSV-specific neutralizing Abs (NAbs) were induced in pigs given the rAdVs expressing M-GP5 or M-GP5m (GP5m being a mutant form of GP5). Nevertheless, partial protection was observed in the M-GP5m-rAdV-inoculated pigs experimentally infected with PRRSV. Here, we determined the impact of the cholera toxin B subunit (CTB, known for its adjuvant effect) in fusion with the C-terminus of M-GP5m on the Ab response to PRRSV. Three-week-old pigs were immunized twice both intramuscularly and intranasally at 3-week intervals with rAdV-expressing the green fluorescent protein (rAdV-GFP), rAdV-M-GP5m, or rAdV-M-GP5m-CTB. Pigs immunized with rAdV-M-GP5m showed a high level of serum GP5-specific Abs (as determined by an indirect ELISA). In contrast, CTB in fusion with M-GP5m had an unexpected severe negative impact on GP5-specific Ab production. PRRSV-specific NAbs could not be detected in any pigs of all groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Roques
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Québec at Montréal, Succursale Centre-Ville, P.O. Box 8888, Montreal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada
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