1
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Reed JH, Seebeck FP. Reagent Engineering for Group Transfer Biocatalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202311159. [PMID: 37688533 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202311159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Biocatalysis has become a major driver in the innovation of preparative chemistry. Enzyme discovery, engineering and computational design have matured to reliable strategies in the development of biocatalytic processes. By comparison, substrate engineering has received much less attention. In this Minireview, we highlight the idea that the design of synthetic reagents may be an equally fruitful and complementary approach to develop novel enzyme-catalysed group transfer chemistry. This Minireview discusses key examples from the literature that illustrate how synthetic substrates can be devised to improve the efficiency, scalability and sustainability, as well as the scope of such reactions. We also provide an opinion as to how this concept might be further developed in the future, aspiring to replicate the evolutionary success story of natural group transfer reagents, such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and S-adenosyl methionine (SAM).
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Affiliation(s)
- John H Reed
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
- Molecular Systems Engineering, National Competence Center in Research, 4058, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Florian P Seebeck
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
- Molecular Systems Engineering, National Competence Center in Research, 4058, Basel, Switzerland
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2
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Doi K, Mitani A, Nakakita SI, Higuchi Y, Takegawa K. Characterization of novel endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidases from intestinal Barnesiella intestinihominis that hydrolyze multi-branched complex-type N-glycans. J Biosci Bioeng 2024; 137:101-107. [PMID: 38142217 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2023.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidases (ENGases) are enzymes that hydrolyze N-linked glycans. Many ENGases have been characterized, but few have been identified with hydrolytic activity towards multi-branched complex-type N-glycans. In this study, three candidate ENGases were identified from Barnesiella intestinihominis based on database searches and phylogenetic analysis. A domain search identified the N x E motif in all three candidates, suggesting that they were members of glycosyl hydrolase family 85 (GH85). The three candidate ENGases, named Endo-BIN1, Endo-BIN2, and Endo-BIN3, were expressed in Escherichia coli cells, and their hydrolytic activity towards N-glycans and glycoproteins was measured by high performance liquid chromatography analysis and SDS-PAGE analysis. All ENGases showed hydrolytic activity towards glycoproteins, but only Endo-BIN2 and Endo-BIN3 showed hydrolytic activity towards pyridylaminated N-glycans. The optimum pH of Endo-BIN1, Endo-BIN2, and End-BIN3 was pH 6.5, 4.0, and 7.0, respectively. We measured substrate specificities of Endo-BIN2 and Endo-BIN3 towards pyridylaminated N-glycans, and found that the two Endo-BIN enzymes showed similar substrate specificity, preferring bi-antennary complex-type N-glycans with galactose or α2,6-linked sialic acid residues at the non-reducing ends. Endo-BIN2 and Endo-BIN3 were also able to hydrolyze multi-branched complex-type N-glycans. SDS-PAGE analysis revealed that all Endo-BIN enzymes were capable of releasing complex-type N-glycans from glycoproteins such as rituximab, transferrin, and fetuin. We expect that B. intestinihominis possesses ENGases to facilitate the utilization of complex-type N-glycans from host cells. These findings will have applications in N-glycan remodeling of glycoproteins and the development of pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanako Doi
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Ai Mitani
- Fushimi Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Marugame, Kagawa 763-8605, Japan
| | | | - Yujiro Higuchi
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kaoru Takegawa
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
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3
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Tanaka T, Habuchi Y, Okuno R, Nishimura S, Tsuji S, Aso Y, Ohnuma T. The first report of enzymatic transglycosylation catalyzed by family GH84 N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase using a sugar oxazoline derivative as a glycosyl donor. Carbohydr Res 2023; 523:108740. [PMID: 36634517 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2023.108740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
O-Glycosylated N-acetyl-β-d-glucosamine-selective N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase (O-GlcNAcase), belonging to glycoside hydrolase family 84 (GH84), is known as a retaining glycosidase with the possibility of enzymatic transglycosylation. However, no enzymatic transglycosylation catalyzed by GH84 O-GlcNAcase has been reported. Here, enzymatic transglycosylation catalyzed by GH84 O-GlcNAcase was first reported. The enzymatic transglycosylation catalyzed by the GH84 O-GlcNAcase from Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (BtGH84 O-GlcNAcase) was attained using 1,2-oxazoline derivative of N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (GlcNAc oxazoline) as a glycosyl donor substrate. The β-linked N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (GlcNAc) derivative was enzymatically synthesized using N-(2-hydroxyethyl)acrylamide as an acceptor substrate. Interestingly, the β1,6-linked disaccharide derivative of GlcNAc was also obtained in the case of using the GlcNAc derivative with a triazole-linked acrylamide group as an acceptor substrate. Additionally, a one-pot chemo-enzymatic transglycosylation starting from unprotected GlcNAc through GlcNAc oxazoline successfully showed through the combination with the direct synthesis of GlcNAc oxazoline in water and the enzymatic transglycosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomonari Tanaka
- Department of Biobased Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan.
| | - Yoshiaki Habuchi
- Department of Biobased Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Rika Okuno
- Department of Biobased Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Shota Nishimura
- Department of Advanced Bioscience, Kindai University, 3327-204, Nakamachi, Nara, 631-8505, Japan
| | - Sotaro Tsuji
- Department of Biobased Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Yuji Aso
- Department of Biobased Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ohnuma
- Department of Advanced Bioscience, Kindai University, 3327-204, Nakamachi, Nara, 631-8505, Japan; Agricultural Technology and Innovation Research Institute (ATIRI), Kindai University, 3327-204, Nakamachi, Nara, 631-8505, Japan.
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4
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Liu H, Liang Z, Wang Y, Li Y, Wang Y, Guo X, Guan W, Zou W, Wu Z. Identification of the effect of N-glycan modification and its sialylation on proteolytic stability and glucose-stabilizing activity of glucagon-like peptide 1 by site-directed enzymatic glycosylation. RSC Adv 2022; 12:31892-31899. [PMID: 36380917 PMCID: PMC9639207 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra05872c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, an approach to prepare long-acting glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) by site-directed enzymatic glycosylation with homogeneous biantennary complex-type N-glycan has been developed. All the N-glycan-modified GLP-1 analogues preserved an unchanged secondary structure. The glycosylated GLP-1 analogues with sialyl complex-type N-glycan modified at Asn26 and Asn34 exhibited a 36.7- and 24.0-fold in vitro half-life respectively when incubated with dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV), and 25.0- and 13.9-fold respectively when incubated with mouse serum. Compared to native GLP-1, both glycosylated GLP-1 analogues modified at Asn34 by asialyl and sialyl N-glycan demonstrated lower maximum blood glucose levels, as well as more rapid and more persistent glucose-stabilizing capability in type 2 diabetic db/db mice. Our results indicated that the selection of an appropriate position (to avoid hindering the peptide-receptor binding) is crucial for N-glycan modification and its sialylation to improve the therapeutic properties of the modified peptides. The information learned would facilitate future design of therapeutic glycopeptides/glycoproteins with N-glycan to achieve enhanced pharmacological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Liu
- College of Food and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology Shijiazhuang Hebei 050018 China
| | - Zengwei Liang
- College of Food and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology Shijiazhuang Hebei 050018 China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Food and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology Shijiazhuang Hebei 050018 China
| | - Yingze Li
- College of Food and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology Shijiazhuang Hebei 050018 China
| | - Ya Wang
- College of Food and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology Shijiazhuang Hebei 050018 China
| | - Xin Guo
- Research Center, Hebei Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shijiazhuang Hebei 050011 China
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Pathology, Kanazawa Medical University Uchinada Ishikawa 920-0293 Japan
| | - Wanyi Guan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University Shijiazhuang Hebei 050024 China
| | - Wei Zou
- College of Food and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology Shijiazhuang Hebei 050018 China
| | - Zhigang Wu
- College of Food and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology Shijiazhuang Hebei 050018 China
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5
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Donahue TC, Zong G, O'Brien NA, Ou C, Gildersleeve JC, Wang LX. Synthesis and Immunological Study of N-Glycan-Bacteriophage Qβ Conjugates Reveal Dominant Antibody Responses to the Conserved Chitobiose Core. Bioconjug Chem 2022; 33:1350-1362. [PMID: 35687881 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.2c00211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
N-Glycosylation plays an important role in many biological recognition processes. However, very few N-glycan-specific antibodies are available for functional studies and potentially for therapeutic development. In this study, we sought to synthesize bacteriophage Qβ conjugates with representative N-glycans and investigate their immunogenicity for raising N-glycan-specific antibodies. An array of Qβ glycoconjugates bearing five different human N-glycans and two different chemical linkers were synthesized, and the immunization of the N-glycan-Qβ conjugates was performed in mice. We found that the N-glycan-Qβ conjugates raised significant IgG antibodies that recognize N-glycans, but, surprisingly, most of the glycan-dependent antibodies were directed to the shared chitobiose core and were nonspecific for respective N-glycan structures. The linker chemistry was found to affect antibody specificity with adipic acid-linked N-glycan-Qβ immunogens raising antibodies capable of recognizing both the N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) moieties of the chitobiose core. In contrast, antibodies raised by N-glycan-Qβ immunogens with a triazole linker preferentially recognized the innermost N-acetylglucosamine moiety at the reducing end. We also found that sialylation of the N-glycans significantly suppressed the immune response. Furthermore, the N-glycan-Qβ immunogens with an adipic acid linker elicited higher glycan-specific antibody titers than the N-glycan-triazole-Qβ immunogens. These findings delineate several challenges in eliciting mammalian N-glycan-specific antibodies through the conventional glycoconjugate vaccine design and immunization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas C Donahue
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Guanghui Zong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Nicholas A O'Brien
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Chong Ou
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Jeffrey C Gildersleeve
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Lai-Xi Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
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6
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Bienes KM, Tautau FAP, Mitani A, Kinoshita T, Nakakita SI, Higuchi Y, Takegawa K. Characterization of novel endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase from Bacteroides nordii that hydrolyzes multi-branched complex type N-glycans. J Biosci Bioeng 2022; 134:7-13. [PMID: 35484013 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2022.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidases (ENGases) are enzymes that hydrolyze the N-linked oligosaccharides. Many ENGases have already been identified and characterized. However, there are still a few enzymes that have hydrolytic activity toward multibranched complex-type N-glycans on glycoproteins. In this study, one novel ENGase from Bacteroides nordii (Endo-BN) species was identified and characterized. The recombinant protein was prepared and expressed in Escherichia coli cells. This Endo-BN exhibited optimum hydrolytic activity at pH 4.0. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis showed that Endo-BN preferred core-fucosylated complex-type N-glycans, with galactose or α2,6-linked sialic acid residues at their non-reducing ends. The hydrolytic activities of Endo-BN were also tested on different glycoproteins from high-mannose type to complex-type oligosaccharides. The reaction with human transferrin, fetuin, and α1-acid glycoprotein subsequently showed that Endo-BN is capable of releasing multi-branched complex-type N-glycans from these glycoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Mae Bienes
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Feunai Agape Papalii Tautau
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Ai Mitani
- Fushimi Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Marugame, Kagawa 763-8605, Japan
| | | | | | - Yujiro Higuchi
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kaoru Takegawa
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
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7
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Discovery and Biotechnological Exploitation of Glycoside-Phosphorylases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063043. [PMID: 35328479 PMCID: PMC8950772 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Among carbohydrate active enzymes, glycoside phosphorylases (GPs) are valuable catalysts for white biotechnologies, due to their exquisite capacity to efficiently re-modulate oligo- and poly-saccharides, without the need for costly activated sugars as substrates. The reversibility of the phosphorolysis reaction, indeed, makes them attractive tools for glycodiversification. However, discovery of new GP functions is hindered by the difficulty in identifying them in sequence databases, and, rather, relies on extensive and tedious biochemical characterization studies. Nevertheless, recent advances in automated tools have led to major improvements in GP mining, activity predictions, and functional screening. Implementation of GPs into innovative in vitro and in cellulo bioproduction strategies has also made substantial advances. Herein, we propose to discuss the latest developments in the strategies employed to efficiently discover GPs and make the best use of their exceptional catalytic properties for glycoside bioproduction.
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8
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Dao Y, Dong W, Zhang J, Dong S. Synthesis of PNGase-resistant N-glycopeptide containing an α-anomeric glycosidic linkage. J Carbohydr Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/07328303.2022.2027434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuankun Dao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Chemical Biology Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Weidong Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Chemical Biology Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Chemical Biology Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Suwei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Chemical Biology Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
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9
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Higuchi Y. Membrane traffic related to endosome dynamics and protein secretion in filamentous fungi. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2021; 85:1038-1045. [PMID: 33686391 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbab004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In eukaryotic cells, membrane-surrounded organelles are orchestrally organized spatiotemporally under environmental situations. Among such organelles, vesicular transports and membrane contacts occur to communicate each other, so-called membrane traffic. Filamentous fungal cells are highly polarized and thus membrane traffic is developed to have versatile functions. Early endosome (EE) is an endocytic organelle that dynamically exhibits constant long-range motility through the hyphal cell, which is proven to have physiological roles, such as other organelle distribution and signal transduction. Since filamentous fungal cells are also considered as cell factories, to produce valuable proteins extracellularly, molecular mechanisms of secretory pathway including protein glycosylation have been well investigated. In this review, molecular and physiological aspects of membrane traffic especially related to EE dynamics and protein secretion in filamentous fungi are summarized, and perspectives for application are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiro Higuchi
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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10
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Prabhu SK, Yang Q, Tong X, Wang LX. Exploring a combined Escherichia coli-based glycosylation and in vitro transglycosylation approach for expression of glycosylated interferon alpha. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 33:116037. [PMID: 33515919 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The conventional use of E. coli system for protein expression is limited to non-glycosylated proteins. While yeast, insect and mammalian systems are available to produce heterologous glycoproteins, developing an engineered E. coli-based glycosylation platform will provide a faster, more economical, and more convenient alternative. In this work, we present a two-step approach for production of a homogeneously glycosylated eukaryotic protein using the E. coli expression system. Human interferon α-2b (IFNα) is used as a model protein to illustrate this glycosylation scheme. In the first step, the N-glycosyltransferase from Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (ApNGT) is co-expressed for in vivo transfer of a glucose residue to IFNα at an NX(S/T) N-glycosylation sequon. Several E. coli systems were examined to evaluate the efficiency of IFNα N-glucosylation. In the second step, the N-glucosylated protein is efficiently elaborated with biantennary sialylated complex-type N-glycan using an in vitro chemoenzymatic method. The N-glycosylated IFNα product was found to be biologically active and displayed significantly improved proteolytic stability. This work presents a feasible E. coli-based glycosylation machinery for producing therapeutic eukaryotic glycoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunaina Kiran Prabhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Qiang Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Xin Tong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Lai-Xi Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
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11
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Transglycosylation toward naringenin-7-O-glucoside using an N180H mutant of Coprinopsis cinerea endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 530:155-159. [PMID: 32828279 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.06.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids are generally glycosylated, and the glycan moieties of flavonoid glycosides are known to greatly affect their physicochemical and biological properties. Thus, the development of a variety of tools for glycan remodeling of flavonoid glycosides is highly desired. An endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase mutant Endo-CC N180H, which is developed as an excellent chemoenzymatic tool for creating sialylglycoproteins, was employed for the glycosylation of flavonoids. Endo-CC N180H transferred the sialyl biantennary glycans from the sialylglyco peptide to pNP-GlcNAc and narigenin-7-O-glucoside. The kinetic parameters of Endo-CC N180H towards SGP and pNP-GlcNAc were determined. Flavonoid glucosides harboring a 1,3-diol structure in the glucose moieties acted as substrates of Endo-CC N180H. We proposed that the sialyl biantennary glycan transfer to the flavonoid by Endo-CC N180H could pave the way for the improvement of the inherent biological functions of the flavonoids and creation of novel flavonoid glycoside derivatives for future human health benefits including foods and drugs.
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12
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Manabe S, Yamaguchi Y, Matsumoto K, Fuchigami H, Kawase T, Hirose K, Mitani A, Sumiyoshi W, Kinoshita T, Abe J, Yasunaga M, Matsumura Y, Ito Y. Characterization of Antibody Products Obtained through Enzymatic and Nonenzymatic Glycosylation Reactions with a Glycan Oxazoline and Preparation of a Homogeneous Antibody-Drug Conjugate via Fc N-Glycan. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 30:1343-1355. [PMID: 30938513 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Glycan engineering of antibodies has received considerable attention. Although various endo-β- N-acetylglucosaminidase mutants have been developed for glycan remodeling, a side reaction has been reported between glycan oxazoline and amino groups. In this study, we performed a detailed characterization for antibody products obtained through enzymatic and nonenzymatic reactions with the aim of maximizing the efficiency of the glycosylation reaction with fewer side products. The reactions were monitored by an ultraperformance liquid chromatography system using an amide-based wide-pore column. The products were characterized by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. The side reactions were suppressed by adding glycan oxazoline in a stepwise manner under slightly acidic conditions. Through a combination of an azide-carrying glycan transfer reaction under optimized conditions and a bio-orthogonal reaction, a potent cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E was site-specifically conjugated at N-glycosylated Asn297 with a drug-to-antibody ratio of 4. The prepared antibody-drug conjugate exhibited cytotoxicity against HER2-expressing cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shino Manabe
- Synthetic Cellular Chemistry Laboratory , RIKEN , Hirosawa, Wako , Saitama , 351-0198 Japan
| | - Yoshiki Yamaguchi
- Synthetic Cellular Chemistry Laboratory , RIKEN , Hirosawa, Wako , Saitama , 351-0198 Japan.,Structural Glycobiology Team , RIKEN , Hirosawa, Wako , Saitama , 351-0198 Japan
| | - Kana Matsumoto
- Structural Glycobiology Team , RIKEN , Hirosawa, Wako , Saitama , 351-0198 Japan
| | - Hirobumi Fuchigami
- Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center , National Cancer Center , Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa , Chiba 277-8577 Japan
| | - Taiji Kawase
- Nihon Waters KK, Kitashinagawa, Shinagawa, Tokyo , 140-0001 Japan
| | - Kenji Hirose
- Nihon Waters KK, Kitashinagawa, Shinagawa, Tokyo , 140-0001 Japan
| | - Ai Mitani
- Fushimi Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Nakatsu, Marugame , Kagawa , 763-8605 Japan
| | - Wataru Sumiyoshi
- Fushimi Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Nakatsu, Marugame , Kagawa , 763-8605 Japan
| | - Takashi Kinoshita
- Fushimi Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Nakatsu, Marugame , Kagawa , 763-8605 Japan
| | - Junpei Abe
- Synthetic Cellular Chemistry Laboratory , RIKEN , Hirosawa, Wako , Saitama , 351-0198 Japan
| | - Masahiro Yasunaga
- Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center , National Cancer Center , Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa , Chiba 277-8577 Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Matsumura
- Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center , National Cancer Center , Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa , Chiba 277-8577 Japan
| | - Yukishige Ito
- Synthetic Cellular Chemistry Laboratory , RIKEN , Hirosawa, Wako , Saitama , 351-0198 Japan
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13
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Wada R, Matsui M, Kawasaki N. Influence of N-glycosylation on effector functions and thermal stability of glycoengineered IgG1 monoclonal antibody with homogeneous glycoforms. MAbs 2018; 11:350-372. [PMID: 30466347 PMCID: PMC6380427 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2018.1551044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation of the conserved asparagine residue in each heavy chain of IgG in the CH2 domain is known as N-glycosylation. It is one of the most common post-translational modifications and important critical quality attributes of monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapeutics. Various studies have demonstrated the effects of the Fc N-glycosylation on safety, Fc effector functions, and pharmacokinetics, both dependent and independent of neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) pathway. However, separation of various glycoforms to investigate the biological and functional relevance of glycosylation is a major challenge, and existing studies often discuss the overall impact of N-glycans, without considering the individual contributions of each glycoform when evaluating mAbs with highly heterogeneous distributions. In this study, chemoenzymatic glycoengineering incorporating an endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (ENGase) EndoS2 and its mutant with transglycosylation activity was used to generate mAb glycoforms with highly homogeneous and well-defined N-glycans to better understand and precisely evaluate the effect of each N-glycan structure on Fc effector functions and protein stability. We demonstrated that the core fucosylation, non-reducing terminal galactosylation, sialylation, and mannosylation of IgG1 mAb N-glycans impact not only on FcγRIIIa binding, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, and C1q binding, but also FcRn binding, thermal stability and propensity for protein aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuta Wada
- a Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Labs ., Pharmaceutical Technology, Astellas Pharma, Inc ., Tsukuba , Ibaraki , Japan.,b Department of Medical Life Science, Graduate School of Medical Life Science , Yokohama City University , Tsurumi , Yokohama , Japan
| | - Makoto Matsui
- a Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Labs ., Pharmaceutical Technology, Astellas Pharma, Inc ., Tsukuba , Ibaraki , Japan
| | - Nana Kawasaki
- b Department of Medical Life Science, Graduate School of Medical Life Science , Yokohama City University , Tsurumi , Yokohama , Japan
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14
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Abstract
Glycosylation is one of the most prevalent posttranslational modifications that profoundly affects the structure and functions of proteins in a wide variety of biological recognition events. However, the structural complexity and heterogeneity of glycoproteins, usually resulting from the variations of glycan components and/or the sites of glycosylation, often complicates detailed structure-function relationship studies and hampers the therapeutic applications of glycoproteins. To address these challenges, various chemical and biological strategies have been developed for producing glycan-defined homogeneous glycoproteins. This review highlights recent advances in the development of chemoenzymatic methods for synthesizing homogeneous glycoproteins, including the generation of various glycosynthases for synthetic purposes, endoglycosidase-catalyzed glycoprotein synthesis and glycan remodeling, and direct enzymatic glycosylation of polypeptides and proteins. The scope, limitation, and future directions of each method are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Lai-Xi Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
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15
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Manabe S, Yamaguchi Y, Abe J, Matsumoto K, Ito Y. Acceptor range of endo-β- N-acetylglucosaminidase mutant endo-CC N180H: from monosaccharide to antibody. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2018; 5:171521. [PMID: 29892355 PMCID: PMC5990847 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.171521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase mutant endo-CC N180H transfers glycan from sialylglycopeptide (SGP) to various acceptors. The scope and limitations of low-molecular-weight acceptors were investigated. Several homogeneous glycan-containing compounds, especially those with potentially useful labels or functional moieties, and possible reagents in glycoscience were synthesized. The 1,3-diol structure is important in acceptor molecules in glycan transfer reactions mediated by endo-CC N180H as well as by endo-M-N175Q. Glycan remodelling of antibodies was explored using core-fucose-deficient anti-CCR4 antibody with SGP and endo-CC N180H. Homogeneity of the glycan in the antibody was confirmed by mass spectrometry without glycan cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shino Manabe
- Synthetic Cellular Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN, Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Authors for correspondence: Shino Manabe e-mail:
| | - Yoshiki Yamaguchi
- Structural Glycobiology Team, RIKEN, Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Authors for correspondence: Yoshiki Yamaguchi e-mail:
| | - Junpei Abe
- Synthetic Cellular Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN, Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kana Matsumoto
- Structural Glycobiology Team, RIKEN, Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yukishige Ito
- Synthetic Cellular Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN, Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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Fairbanks AJ. The ENGases: versatile biocatalysts for the production of homogeneous N-linked glycopeptides and glycoproteins. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 46:5128-5146. [PMID: 28681051 DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00897f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidases (ENGases) are an enzyme class (EC 3.2.1.96) produced by a range of organisms, ranging from bacteria, through fungi, to higher order species, including humans, comprising two-sub families of glycosidases which all cleave the chitobiose core of N-linked glycans. Synthetic applications of these enzymes, i.e. to catalyse the reverse of their natural hydrolytic mode of action, allow the attachment of N-glycans to a wide variety of substrates which contain an N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) residue to act as an 'acceptor' handle. The use of N-glycan oxazolines, high energy intermediates on the hydrolytic pathway, as activated donors allows their high yielding attachment to almost any amino acid, peptide or protein that contains a GlcNAc residue as an acceptor. The synthetic effectiveness of these biocatalysts has been significantly increased by the production of mutant glycosynthases; enzymes which can still catalyse synthetic processes using oxazolines as donors, but which do not hydrolyse the reaction products. ENGase biocatalysts are now finding burgeoning application for the production of biologically active glycopeptides and glycoproteins, including therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for which the oligosaccharides have been remodelled to optimise effector functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antony J Fairbanks
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand.
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17
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Iwamoto M, Sekiguchi Y, Nakamura K, Kawaguchi Y, Honda T, Hasegawa J. Generation of efficient mutants of endoglycosidase from Streptococcus pyogenes and their application in a novel one-pot transglycosylation reaction for antibody modification. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0193534. [PMID: 29474426 PMCID: PMC5825150 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The fine structures of Fc N-glycan modulate the biological functions and physicochemical properties of antibodies. By remodeling N-glycan to obtain a homogeneous glycoform or chemically modified glycan, antibody characteristics can be controlled or modified. Such remodeling can be achieved by transglycosylation reactions using a mutant of endoglycosidase from Streptococcus pyogenes (Endo-S) and glycan oxazoline. In this study, we generated improved mutants of Endo-S by introducing additional mutations to the D233Q mutant. Notably, Endo-S D233Q/Q303L, D233Q/E350Q, and several other mutations resulted in transglycosylation efficiencies exceeding 90%, with a single-digit donor-to-substrate ratio of five, and D233Q/Y402F/D405A and several other mutations resulted in slightly reduced transglycosylation efficiencies accompanied by no detectable hydrolysis activity for 48 h. We further demonstrated that the combined use of mutants of Endo-S with Endo-M or Endo-CC, endoglycosidases from Mucor hiemalis and Coprinopsis cinerea, enables one-pot transglycosylation from sialoglycopeptide to antibodies. This novel reaction enables glycosylation remodeling of antibodies, without the chemical synthesis of oxazoline in advance or in situ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuhiro Iwamoto
- Modality Research Laboratories, Biologics Division, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukiko Sekiguchi
- Modality Research Laboratories, Biologics Division, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kensuke Nakamura
- Modality Research Laboratories, Biologics Division, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshirou Kawaguchi
- Modality Research Laboratories, Biologics Division, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Honda
- Medicinal Chemistry Management Group, Research Function Division, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Hasegawa
- Modality Research Laboratories, Biologics Division, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
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18
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Fairbanks AJ. Synthetic and semi-synthetic approaches to unprotected N-glycan oxazolines. Beilstein J Org Chem 2018; 14:416-429. [PMID: 29520306 PMCID: PMC5827820 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.14.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
N-Glycan oxazolines have found widespread use as activated donor substrates for endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (ENGase) enzymes, an important application that has correspondingly stimulated interest in their production, both by total synthesis and by semi-synthesis using oligosaccharides isolated from natural sources. Amongst the many synthetic approaches reported, the majority rely on the fabrication (either by total synthesis, or semi-synthesis from locust bean gum) of a key Manβ(1-4)GlcNAc disaccharide, which can then be elaborated at the 3- and 6-positions of the mannose unit using standard glycosylation chemistry. Early approaches subsequently relied on the Lewis acid catalysed conversion of peracetylated N-glycan oligosaccharides produced in this manner into their corresponding oxazolines, followed by global deprotection. However, a key breakthrough in the field has been the development by Shoda of 2-chloro-1,3-dimethylimidazolinium chloride (DMC), and related reagents, which can direct convert an oligosaccharide with a 2-acetamido sugar at the reducing terminus directly into the corresponding oxazoline in water. Therefore, oxazoline formation can now be achieved in water as the final step of any synthetic sequence, obviating the need for any further protecting group manipulations, and simplifying synthetic strategies. As an alternative to total synthesis, significant quantities of several structurally complicated N-glycans can be isolated from natural sources, such as egg yolks and soy bean flour. Enzymatic transformations of these materials, in concert with DMC-mediated oxazoline formation as a final step, allow access to a selection of N-glycan oxazoline structures both in larger quantities and in a more expedient fashion than is achievable by total synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antony J Fairbanks
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand
- Biomolecular Interaction Centre, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
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19
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Abstract
The many advances in glycoscience have more and more brought to light the crucial role of glycosides and glycoconjugates in biological processes. Their major influence on the functionality and stability of peptides, cell recognition, health and immunity and many other processes throughout biology has increased the demand for simple synthetic methods allowing the defined syntheses of target glycosides. Additional interest in glycoside synthesis has arisen with the prospect of producing sustainable materials from these abundant polymers. Enzymatic synthesis has proven itself to be a promising alternative to the laborious chemical synthesis of glycosides by avoiding the necessity of numerous protecting group strategies. Among the biocatalytic strategies, glycosynthases, genetically engineered glycosidases void of hydrolytic activity, have gained much interest in recent years, enabling not only the selective synthesis of small glycosides and glycoconjugates, but also the production of highly functionalized polysaccharides. This review provides a detailed overview over the glycosylation possibilities of the variety of glycosynthases produced until now, focusing on the transfer of the most common glucosyl-, galactosyl-, xylosyl-, mannosyl-, fucosyl-residues and of whole glycan blocks by the different glycosynthase enzyme variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc R Hayes
- Institut für Bioorganische Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf im Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52426 Jülich, Germany.
| | - Jörg Pietruszka
- Institut für Bioorganische Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf im Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52426 Jülich, Germany.
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, IBG-1: Biotechnology, 52426 Jülich, Germany.
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