1
|
Guo Y, Zhu H, Li X, Ma C, Li Y, Sun T, Wang Y, Wang C, Guan W, Liu C. RepSox effectively promotes the induced differentiation of sheep fibroblasts into adipocytes via the inhibition of the TGF‑β1/Smad pathway. Int J Mol Med 2021; 48:148. [PMID: 34132357 PMCID: PMC8208630 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous reports have demonstrated that RepSox can function as a replacement for cMyc and Sox2 in the reprogramming of cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), as well as increasing the levels of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-3 and inducing the phosphorylation of Smad1 in mouse embryonic stem cells. In the present study, it was demonstrated that RepSox caused the visible morphological transformation of sheep fibroblasts; however, no significant alterations in cell proliferation, apoptosis or chromosome aberrations were observed. Moreover, RepSox increased the plasticity of long-term cryopreserved sheep fibroblasts, and further promoted differentiation into adipocytes. RepSox treatment led to a notable decrease in the expression of components of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling pathway, particularly Smad2/3 phosphorylation. RepSox also activated the BMP pathway, promoted the reprogramming of cells from fibroblasts into adipocytes and induced mesenchymal-epithelial transition. It is worth noting that RepSox notably increased the expression of octamer-binding transcription factor 4 and L-Myc, whereas Sox2 and Nanog expression were not detected. The results of high-throughput RNA sequencing revealed that the levels of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in various metabolic processes were markedly upregulated in the RepSox-treated fibroblasts, while the DEGs in the majority of signaling pathways were markedly downregulated. On the whole, the present study demonstrates that RepSox can promote the plasticity of sheep fibroblasts and facilitates the differentiation of adipocytes via increasing BMP expression and inhibiting the activation of the TGF-β signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Guo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, P.R. China
| | - Huan Zhu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, P.R. China
| | - Xiangchen Li
- Institute of Beijing Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Caiyun Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, P.R. China
| | - Yanan Li
- Institute of Beijing Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Sun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, P.R. China
| | - Chunjing Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, P.R. China
| | - Weijun Guan
- Institute of Beijing Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Changqing Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Magalhães LC, Cortez JV, Bhat MH, Sampaio ACNPC, Freitas JLS, Duarte JMB, Melo LM, Freitas VJF. In Vitro Development and Mitochondrial Gene Expression in Brown Brocket Deer ( Mazama gouazoubira) Embryos Obtained by Interspecific Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer. Cell Reprogram 2020; 22:208-216. [PMID: 32559409 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2019.0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The genetic diversity of Neotropical deer is increasingly jeopardized, owing to declining population size. Thus, the formation of cryobanking of somatic cells is important for the preservation of these species using cloning. The transformation of these cells into viable embryos has been hampered by a lack of endangered species oocytes. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to produce brown brocket deer embryos by interspecific somatic cell nuclear transfer (iSCNT), using goat or cattle oocytes as cytoplasts, and to elucidate embryo mitochondrial activity by measuring the expression levels of ATP6, COX3, and ND5. Cattle embryos produced by in vitro fertilization (IVF) were used as a control. There were no differences in the development of embryos produced by traditional SCNT and iSCNT when using either the goat cytoplasts (38.4% vs. 25.0% cleaved and 40.0% vs. 50.0% morula rates, respectively) or cattle cytoplast (72.8% vs. 65.5% cleaved and 11.3% vs. 5.9% blastocyst rates, respectively). Concerning the gene expression, no significant difference was observed when goat oocytes were used as cytoplasts. However, when using cattle oocytes and 16S as a reference gene, the iSCNT upregulated COX3, when compared with SCNT group. In contrast, when GAPDH was used as a reference gene, all the evaluated genes were upregulated in the iSCNT group, when compared with the IVF group. When compared with the SCNT group, only the expression of ATP6 was statistically different. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that interspecific nuclear transfer is a potentially useful tool for conservation programs of endangered similar deer species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lívia C Magalhães
- Laboratory of Physiology and Control of Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary, Ceará State University (UECE), Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Jenin V Cortez
- Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, National University Toribio Rodriguez de Mendoza, Chachapoyas, Peru
| | - Maajid H Bhat
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Ana Clara N P C Sampaio
- Laboratory of Physiology and Control of Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary, Ceará State University (UECE), Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Jeferson L S Freitas
- Laboratory of Physiology and Control of Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary, Ceará State University (UECE), Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - José M B Duarte
- Department of Animal Science, Deer Research and Conservation Center, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - Luciana M Melo
- Laboratory of Physiology and Control of Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary, Ceará State University (UECE), Fortaleza, Brazil.,Molecular Genetics Research Unit, University Center Fametro (UNIFAMETRO), Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Vicente J F Freitas
- Laboratory of Physiology and Control of Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary, Ceará State University (UECE), Fortaleza, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhao XX, An XL, Zhu XC, Jiang Y, Zhai YH, Zhang S, Cai NN, Tang B, Li ZY, Zhang XM. Inhibiting transforming growth factor-β signaling regulates in vitro maintenance and differentiation of bovine bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART B-MOLECULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL EVOLUTION 2018; 330:406-416. [PMID: 30460778 DOI: 10.1002/jez.b.22836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Bovine bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (bBMSC) are potential stem cell source which can be used for multipurpose. However, their application is limited because the in vitro maintenance of these cells is usually accompanied by aging and multipotency losing. Considering transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) pathway inhibitor Repsox is beneficial for cell reprogramming, here we investigated its impacts on the maintenance and differentiation of bBMSC. The bBMSC were enriched and characterized by morphology, immunofluorescent staining, flow cytometry, and multilineage differentiation. The impacts of Repsox on their proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, multipotency, and differentiation were examined by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), real-time polymerase chain reaction, induced differentiation and specific staining. The results showed that highly purified cluster of diffrentiation 73+ (CD73 + )/CD90 + /CD105 + /CD34 - /CD45 - bBMSC with adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation capacities were enriched. Repsox treatments (5 μM, 48 hr) enhanced the messenger RNA mRNA levels of the proliferation gene (telomerase reverse transcriptase [ TERT]; basic fibroblast growth factor [ bFGF]), apoptosis-related gene ( bax and Bcl2), antiapoptosis ratio ( Bcl2/bax), and pluripotency marker gene ( Oct4, Sox2, and Nanog), instead of changing the cell cycle, in bBMSC. Repsox treatments also enhanced the osteogenic differentiation but attenuated the chondrogenic differentiation of bBMSC, concomitant with decreased Smad2 and increased Smad3/4 expressions in TGF-β pathway. Collectively, inhibiting TGF-β/Smad signaling by Repsox regulates the in vitro maintenance and differentiation of bBMSC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Xin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xing-Lan An
- State & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Animal Models of Human Diseases, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xian-Chun Zhu
- Department of Orthodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yan-Hui Zhai
- State & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Animal Models of Human Diseases, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- State & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Animal Models of Human Diseases, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ning-Ning Cai
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Bo Tang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zi-Yi Li
- State & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Animal Models of Human Diseases, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xue-Ming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mei L, Sang W, Chen Z, Zheng L, Jin K, Lou C, Huang W, He D. Small molecule inhibitor RepSox prevented ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis by suppressing osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:9724-9738. [PMID: 30059597 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) is a serious metabolic disease that, due to the increased number or function of osteoclasts, results in increased bone brittleness and, therefore, fragile fracture. Some recent studies report the importance of the transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) pathway in bone homeostasis. RepSox is a small molecule inhibitor of TGFβRI that has a wide range of potential application in clinical medicine, except OP. The aim of our study is to evaluate the effects of RepSox on the differentiation and bone resorption of osteoclasts in vitro and in vivo in an ovariectomy (OVX)-induced OP model. An initial analysis showed TGFβRI messenger RNA expression in both bone samples and bone cells. In the in vitro study, RepSox inhibited the receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption activity. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis showed that RepSox suppressed osteoclastic marker gene expression in both dose-dependent and time-dependent manners. In addition, RepSox did not affect osteoblast differentiation, migration or osteoblastic-specific gene expression in vitro. Furthermore, western blot analysis indicated the underlying mechanisms of the RepSox suppression of osteoclastogenesis via the Smad3 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase/activator protein-1 (JNK/AP-1) signaling pathways. Finally, our animal experiments revealed that RepSox prevented OVX-induced bone loss in vivo. Together, our data suggest that RepSox regulates osteoclast differentiation, bone resorption, and OVX-induced OP via the suppression of the Smad3 and JNK/AP-1 pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liangwei Mei
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenhua Sang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhenzhong Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lin Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kangtao Jin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chao Lou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenjun Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dengwei He
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jin L, Guo Q, Zhang GL, Xing XX, Xuan MF, Luo QR, Luo ZB, Wang JX, Yin XJ, Kang JD. The Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor, CI994, Improves Nuclear Reprogramming and In Vitro Developmental Potential of Cloned Pig Embryos. Cell Reprogram 2018; 20:205-213. [PMID: 29782192 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2018.0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic reprogramming and somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) cloning efficiency were recently enhanced using histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis). In this study, we investigated the time effect of CI994, an HDACi, on the blastocyst formation rate, acetylation levels of H3K9 and H4K12, DNA methylation levels of anti-5-methylcytosine (5mC), and some mRNA expression of pluripotency-related genes in pig SCNT embryos. Treatment with 10 μM CI994 for 24 hours significantly improved the blastocyst formation rate of SCNT embryos in comparison with the untreated group (p < 0.05). Moreover, average fluorescence intensities of H3K9 and H4K12 in CI994-treated embryos were remarkably increased at the pseudo-pronuclear stage, but not at the blastocyst stage. The intensity of POU5F1 was higher in CI994-treated blastocysts than in control blastocysts, whereas that of 5mC did not differ between the two groups. The percentage of apoptotic cells in blastocysts was significantly higher in the untreated group than in the CI994-treated group. mRNA levels of POU5F1 and SOX2 were significantly increased in the CI994-treated group. These observations suggest that optimum exposure (10 μM for 24 hours) to CI994 after activation elevates the level of histone acetylation and subsequently improves the in vitro development of pig SCNT embryos.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Long Jin
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University , Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Qing Guo
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University , Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Guang-Lei Zhang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University , Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Xiao-Xu Xing
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University , Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Mei-Fu Xuan
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University , Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Qi-Rong Luo
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University , Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Zhao-Bo Luo
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University , Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Jun-Xia Wang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University , Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Xi-Jun Yin
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University , Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Jin-Dan Kang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University , Yanji, Jilin, China
| |
Collapse
|