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Seo JW, Ham DY, Lee JG, Kim MJ, Yu CY, Seong ES. The effect of different LED wavelengths on the components and biosynthesis of isoflavonoid in sprout Astragalus membranaceus. PROTOPLASMA 2024; 261:103-110. [PMID: 37524894 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-023-01883-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
An artificial light source is the optimal element for studying the usability of the medicinal plant Astragalus membranaceus as a sprout vegetable. Based on artificial light source conditions, formononetin (FO) level was the highest (2.6 mg/L) in A. membranaceus exposed to white light emitting diode (LED) light, and calycosin (CA) level was the highest (3.09 mg/L) in the plant exposed to red LED light. According to the publicly available transcriptome data of LED-exposed sprout A. membranaceus LED, reference genes related to the content enhancement of FO, an isoflavone compound, and those related to the content enhancement of CA were selected. The expression patterns of these genes were assayed using qPCR. Among the genes related to FO enhancement, Gene-225190T showed the highest mRNA levels in cells of LED-white light-exposed sprout A. membranaceus; among the genes related to CA enhancement, Gene_042770T showed the highest expression under red LED light. Most genes related to the overall biosynthesis regulation of flavonoids of the upper concept of isoflavone were highly expressed in response to red LED light, and the transcriptional level of 4CL in response to red LED light was the highest. Based on these results, the artificial light sources that regulated the FO and CA contents in sprouts A. membranaceus were white and red LED lights, and the selected reference genes were capable of regulating isoflavone biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Won Seo
- Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Ye Ham
- Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Geun Lee
- Research Institute of Biotechnology, Hwajinbiocosmetic, Chuncheon, 24232, Republic of Korea
| | - Myong Jo Kim
- Division of Bioresource Sciences, Department of Applied Plant Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Yeon Yu
- Division of Bioresource Sciences, Department of Applied Plant Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Soo Seong
- Division of Bioresource Sciences, Department of Applied Plant Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Pathak AR, Patel SR, Joshi AG, Shrivastava N, Sindhav G, Sharma S, Ansari H. Elicitor mediated enhancement of shoot biomass and lupeol production in Hemidesmus indicus (L.) R. Br. ex. Schult. and Tylophora indica (Burm. F.) Merrill using yeast extract and salicylic acid. Nat Prod Res 2022; 37:1767-1773. [PMID: 36059233 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2119388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Hemidesmus indicus (L.) R. Br. ex Schult. and Tylophora indica (Burm. F.) Merrill shoot cultures were treated with different concentrations of yeast extract (YE; 25-200 mg/L) and salicylic acid (SA; 50-200 µM), and their effect on lupeol production was assessed. The maximum dry weight (DW) biomass was recorded when H. indicus shoots were treated with SA (50 µM) and T. indica shoots with YE (200 mg/L). Highest lupeol yield (335.40 ± 0.04 µg/g DW) was obtained in H. indicus shoots after treatment with 50 µM of SA for 3 weeks. Whereas in T. indica, maximum lupeol content (584.26 ± 8.14 µg/g DW) was recorded by giving treatment with 25 μM of SA for 6 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh R Pathak
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.,Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Swati R Patel
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - Aruna G Joshi
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - Neeta Shrivastava
- B.V. Patel Pharmaceutical Education & Research Development (PERD) Centre, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Gaurang Sindhav
- Department of Zoology, Biomedical Technology, Human Genetics, and Wildlife Biology & Conservation, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Sonal Sharma
- B.V. Patel Pharmaceutical Education & Research Development (PERD) Centre, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.,Gujarat Biotechnology Research Centre (GBRC), Gandhinagar, Department of Science and Technology, Govt. of Gujarat, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Hafsa Ansari
- Department of Zoology, Biomedical Technology, Human Genetics, and Wildlife Biology & Conservation, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
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Hairy Root Cultures as a Source of Polyphenolic Antioxidants: Flavonoids, Stilbenoids and Hydrolyzable Tannins. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11151950. [PMID: 35956428 PMCID: PMC9370385 DOI: 10.3390/plants11151950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Due to their chemical properties and biological activity, antioxidants of plant origin have gained interest as valuable components of the human diet, potential food preservatives and additives, ingredients of cosmetics and factors implicated in tolerance mechanisms against environmental stress. Plant polyphenols are the most prominent and extensively studied, albeit not only group of, secondary plant (specialized) metabolites manifesting antioxidative activity. Because of their potential economic importance, the productive and renewable sources of the compounds are desirable. Over thirty years of research on hairy root cultures, as both producers of secondary plant metabolites and experimental systems to investigate plant biosynthetic pathways, brought about several spectacular achievements. The present review focuses on the Rhizobium rhizogenes-transformed roots that either may be efficient sources of plant-derived antioxidants or were used to elucidate some regulatory mechanisms responsible for the enhanced accumulation of antioxidants in plant tissues.
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Kačániová M, Galovičová L, Borotová P, Vukovic NL, Vukic M, Kunová S, Hanus P, Bakay L, Zagrobelna E, Kluz M, Kowalczewski PŁ. Assessment of Ocimum basilicum Essential Oil Anti-Insect Activity and Antimicrobial Protection in Fruit and Vegetable Quality. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:1030. [PMID: 35448757 PMCID: PMC9031667 DOI: 10.3390/plants11081030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Basil (Ocimum basilicum) is a commonly used herb; it also contains essential oils and other valuable compounds. The basil oil obtained has a pleasant aroma, but also a broad spectrum of biological activity. This work reports on the chemical composition, antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-insect activity in vitro and in situ of Ocimum basilicum essential oil (OBEO) obtained by steam distillation of fresh flowering plants. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, DPPH, agar and disc diffusion and vapor phase methods were used to analyze the OBEO properties. The analysis of the chemical composition of OBEO showed that its main components were methyl chavicol (88.6%), 1,8-cineole (4.2%) and α-trans-bergamotene (1.7%). A strong antioxidant effect was demonstrated at the level of 77.3%. The analysis of antimicrobial properties showed that OBEO exerts variable strength of inhibiting activity against various groups of microorganisms. The growth inhibition zones ranged from 9.67 to 15.33 mm in Gram-positive (G+) and Gram-negative (G-) bacteria and from 5.33 to 7.33 mm in yeast. The lowest measured minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) was 3.21 µL/mL against Gram-negative Azotobacter chrococcum and Gram-positive Micrococcus luteus. The antimicrobial activity of in situ vapor phase of OBEO was also confirmed on apples, pears, potatoes and kohlrabi. The highest insecticidal activity against Pyrrhocorisapterus, observed at the concentration of 100%, caused the death of 80% of individuals. Due to its broad spectrum of activity, OBEO seems an ideal candidate for preserving fruit and vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslava Kačániová
- Institute of Horticulture, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia;
- Department of Bioenergy, Food Technology and Microbiology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, University of Rzeszow, 4 Zelwerowicza St., 35601 Rzeszow, Poland; (E.Z.); (M.K.)
| | - Lucia Galovičová
- Institute of Horticulture, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia;
| | - Petra Borotová
- AgroBioTech Research Centre, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia;
- Institute of Applied Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Nenad L. Vukovic
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (N.L.V.); (M.V.)
| | - Milena Vukic
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (N.L.V.); (M.V.)
| | - Simona Kunová
- Institute of Food Sciences, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia;
| | - Pavel Hanus
- Department of Food Technology and Human Nutrition, Institute of Food and Nutrition Technology, University of Rzeszow, 35959 Rzeszow, Poland;
| | - Ladislav Bakay
- Institute of Landscape Architecture, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia;
| | - Edyta Zagrobelna
- Department of Bioenergy, Food Technology and Microbiology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, University of Rzeszow, 4 Zelwerowicza St., 35601 Rzeszow, Poland; (E.Z.); (M.K.)
| | - Maciej Kluz
- Department of Bioenergy, Food Technology and Microbiology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, University of Rzeszow, 4 Zelwerowicza St., 35601 Rzeszow, Poland; (E.Z.); (M.K.)
| | - Przemysław Łukasz Kowalczewski
- Department of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 31 Wojska Polskiego St., 60624 Poznań, Poland
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Dyshlyuk LS, Fotina NV, Milentyeva IS, Ivanova SA, Izgarysheva NV, Golubtsova YV. Antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of Panax ginseng and Hedysarum neglectum root crop extracts. BRAZ J BIOL 2022; 84:e256944. [PMID: 35293535 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.256944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to ensure the timely and uninterrupted supply of medicinal plant raw materials, the methods of cultivation of plant cell cultures, namely, the production of plant root cultures, are relevant. In this paper, the geroprotective potential of Hedysarum neglectum Ledeb and Panax ginseng C. A. Mey root cultures is studied. They were cultured under in vitro conditions by transforming the rhizome (H. neglectum) and seed seedlings (P. ginseng) with Agrobacterium rhizogenes 15834 Swiss. To identify the geroprotective potential, the antimicrobial disc-diffusion method and the antioxidant activity were analyzed by titration of KMnO4 extracts of plant root cultures. The qualitative and quantitative composition was analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography, thin-layer chromatography, and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry. In the course of the work, the presence of antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of plant root culture extracts was established. Biologically active substances contained in extracts of Hedysarum neglectum Ledeb root crops and Panax ginseng C. A. Mey are characterized by geroprotective potential, so they can act as a source of natural antioxidants in the functional nutrition of the geroprotective orientation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - N V Fotina
- Kemerovo State University, Kemerovo, Russia
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Bohdanovych TA, Shakhovsky AM, Duplij VP, Ratushnyak YI, Kuchuk MV, Poyedinok NL, Matvieieva NA. Effects of Genetic Transformation on the Antioxidant Activity of “Hairy” Roots of Althaea officinalis L., Artemisia vulgaris L., and Artemisia tilesii Ledeb. CYTOL GENET+ 2021. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452721060037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Antonescu (Mintas) AI, Miere (Groza) F, Fritea L, Ganea M, Zdrinca M, Dobjanschi L, Antonescu A, Vicas SI, Bodog F, Sindhu RK, Cavalu S. Perspectives on the Combined Effects of Ocimum basilicum and Trifolium pratense Extracts in Terms of Phytochemical Profile and Pharmacological Effects. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10071390. [PMID: 34371593 PMCID: PMC8309466 DOI: 10.3390/plants10071390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, the tendency in pharmaceutical and food industries is to replace synthetic antioxidants with the natural ones. For this reason, there is a growing interest in analyzing natural, healthy and non-toxic additives as potential antioxidants. Some plants, which contain high levels of phenolic compounds, present an increasing interest for medicine due to their ability to scavenge free radicals, along with other pharmacological activities, such as antibacterial activity, wound healing and anti-inflammatory effect, to mention only a few. The aim of this review is to explore the therapeutic potential of Ocimum basilicum and Trifolium pratense in relation with their phytochemical profile and to highlight the pharmacological activity of aqueous or ethanol extracts. Special attention was devoted to the dermal pathology and wound healing effects, in the context of multiple skin conditions such as acne, eczema boils, psoriasis and rashes. Additionally, both extracts (Trifolium sp. and Ocimum sp.) are characterized by high content of antioxidant compounds, which are responsible for the radiance and resistance of the skin and slowing down of the aging process by maintaining estrogen levels. Moreover, the potential combined effect of the mixed extract is pointed out in terms of future applications for wound healing, based on some preliminary results obtained from a “scratch tests” assay performed with respect to human dermal fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea-Ina Antonescu (Mintas)
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Doctoral School of Biomedical Science, University of Oradea, 10 P-ta 1 December Street, 410073 Oradea, Romania;
| | - Florina Miere (Groza)
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10 P-ta 1 December Street, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (F.M.); (M.G.); (M.Z.); (L.D.); (F.B.); (S.C.)
| | - Luminita Fritea
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10 P-ta 1 December Street, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (F.M.); (M.G.); (M.Z.); (L.D.); (F.B.); (S.C.)
- Correspondence: (L.F.); (A.A.)
| | - Mariana Ganea
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10 P-ta 1 December Street, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (F.M.); (M.G.); (M.Z.); (L.D.); (F.B.); (S.C.)
| | - Mihaela Zdrinca
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10 P-ta 1 December Street, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (F.M.); (M.G.); (M.Z.); (L.D.); (F.B.); (S.C.)
| | - Luciana Dobjanschi
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10 P-ta 1 December Street, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (F.M.); (M.G.); (M.Z.); (L.D.); (F.B.); (S.C.)
| | - Angela Antonescu
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10 P-ta 1 December Street, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (F.M.); (M.G.); (M.Z.); (L.D.); (F.B.); (S.C.)
- Correspondence: (L.F.); (A.A.)
| | - Simona Ioana Vicas
- Faculty of Environmental Protection, University of Oradea, 26 Gen. Magheru Street, 410048 Oradea, Romania;
| | - Florin Bodog
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10 P-ta 1 December Street, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (F.M.); (M.G.); (M.Z.); (L.D.); (F.B.); (S.C.)
| | - Rakesh K. Sindhu
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India;
| | - Simona Cavalu
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10 P-ta 1 December Street, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (F.M.); (M.G.); (M.Z.); (L.D.); (F.B.); (S.C.)
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WUSCHEL Overexpression Promotes Callogenesis and Somatic Embryogenesis in Medicago truncatula Gaertn. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10040715. [PMID: 33917135 PMCID: PMC8067838 DOI: 10.3390/plants10040715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The induction of plant somatic embryogenesis is often a limiting step for plant multiplication and genetic manipulation in numerous crops. It depends on multiple signaling developmental processes involving phytohormones and the induction of specific genes. The WUSCHEL gene (WUS) is required for the production of plant embryogenic stem cells. To explore a different approach to induce somatic embryogenesis, we have investigated the effect of the heterologous ArabidopsisWUS gene overexpression under the control of the jasmonate responsive vsp1 promoter on the morphogenic responses of Medicago truncatula explants. WUS expression in leaf explants increased callogenesis and embryogenesis in the absence of growth regulators. Similarly, WUS expression enhanced the embryogenic potential of hairy root fragments. The WUS gene represents thus a promising tool to develop plant growth regulator-free regeneration systems or to improve regeneration and transformation efficiency in recalcitrant crops.
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