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Luo G, Li J, Guo S, Li Y, Jin Z. Photosynthesis, Nitrogen Allocation, Non-Structural Carbohydrate Allocation, and C:N:P Stoichiometry of Ulmus elongata Seedlings Exposed to Different Light Intensities. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12091310. [PMID: 36143347 PMCID: PMC9506466 DOI: 10.3390/life12091310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The leaf photosynthetic capacity, leaf N partitioning, non-structural carbohydrate content, C, N, and P contents of endangered U. elongata seedlings exposed to different light intensities were compared in this study. The most favorable light condition for the survival and growth of U. elongata seedlings in the present study was 100% full sunlight, as this induced higher Pn, PNUE, PC, PR, PB, and NSC content relative to shade-treated seedlings. PNUE, PR, PC, and PB in U. elongata seedling leaves decreased under 40% and 10% full sunlight, while PL increased, indicating that shade increased the light capture efficiency of photosystem (PS) II but decreased electron transfer from PSII to PSI. Furthermore, leaf N content increased with shade intensity, revealing an adaptive strategy for poor light environments. Additionally, the smallest leaf biomass, Pn, WUE, and CE values and C:N and C:P ratios in stems and leaves were observed under 10% full sunlight. These results indicate that seedlings growing under 40% full sunlight will benefit U. elongata conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyu Luo
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
- Institute of Ecology, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Junmin Li
- Institute of Ecology, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Shuiliang Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Yueling Li
- Institute of Ecology, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Zexin Jin
- Institute of Ecology, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China
- Correspondence:
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2
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Tang J, Sun B, Cheng R, Shi Z, Luo D, Liu S, Centritto M. The Effect of Low Irradiance on Leaf Nitrogen Allocation and Mesophyll Conductance to CO 2 in Seedlings of Four Tree Species in Subtropical China. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10102213. [PMID: 34686021 PMCID: PMC8540425 DOI: 10.3390/plants10102213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Low light intensity can lead to a decrease in photosynthetic capacity. However, could N-fixing species with higher leaf N contents mitigate the effects of low light? Here, we exposed seedlings of Dalbergia odorifera and Erythrophleum fordii (N-fixing trees), and Castanopsis hystrix and Betula alnoides (non-N-fixing trees) to three irradiance treatments (100%, 40%, and 10% sunlight) to investigate the effects of low irradiance on leaf structure, leaf N allocation strategy, and photosynthetic physiological parameters in the seedlings. Low irradiance decreased the leaf mass per unit area, leaf N content per unit area (Narea), maximum carboxylation rate (Vcmax), maximum electron transport rate (Jmax), light compensation point, and light saturation point, and increased the N allocation proportion of light-harvesting components in all species. The studied tree seedlings changed their leaf structures, leaf N allocation strategy, and photosynthetic physiological parameters to adapt to low-light environments. N-fixing plants had a higher photosynthesis rate, Narea, Vcmax, and Jmax than non-N-fixing species under low irradiance and had a greater advantage in maintaining their photosynthetic rate under low-radiation conditions, such as under an understory canopy, in a forest gap, or when mixed with other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingchao Tang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266525, China; (J.T.); (B.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China; (R.C.); (D.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Baodi Sun
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266525, China; (J.T.); (B.S.)
| | - Ruimei Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China; (R.C.); (D.L.); (S.L.)
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Zuomin Shi
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China; (R.C.); (D.L.); (S.L.)
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- Institute for Sustainable Pant Protection, National Research Council of Italy, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135 Torino, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-010-62888308
| | - Da Luo
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China; (R.C.); (D.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Shirong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China; (R.C.); (D.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Mauro Centritto
- Institute for Sustainable Pant Protection, National Research Council of Italy, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135 Torino, Italy;
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3
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Bernik BM, Lumibao CY, Zengel S, Pardue J, Blum MJ. Intraspecific variation in landform engineering across a restored salt marsh shoreline. Evol Appl 2021; 14:685-697. [PMID: 33767744 PMCID: PMC7980261 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Ecosystem engineers that modify landforms can be valuable tools for restoring habitat, but their use has frequently resulted in unanticipated outcomes. Departures from expectations might arise because applications discount the possibility that geomorphic processes are influenced by heritable phenotypic variation. We conducted a field-scale common garden experiment to assess whether shoreline erosion reflects intraspecific variation in the landform engineer Spartina alterniflora. Replicated plots on a shoreline denuded by the Deepwater Horizon oil spill were revegetated using plants from four genetically distinct sources: the local population, a nonlocal population, and two nursery stocks. We assessed variation in biomass, tissue nutrients, and functional traits alongside soil shear strength, surface elevation, and shoreline erosion rates over 2 years. We found that productivity, traits, nutrient content, and erosion rates varied according to plant provenance. Erosion reflected traits like root architecture more so than coarser metrics of growth. Erosion was significantly higher in plots with nonlocal plants that exhibited lower productivity, likely due to nitrogen limitation. Our results indicate that restoration practices should account for intraspecific variation in landform engineers and that in situ trials should be performed at sites slated for restoration to evaluate donor source suitability, particularly if introductions might modify local populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany M. Bernik
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary BiologyTulane UniversityNew OrleansLAUSA
| | - Candice Y. Lumibao
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary BiologyTulane UniversityNew OrleansLAUSA
| | | | - John Pardue
- Department of Civil & Environmental EngineeringLouisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLAUSA
| | - Michael J. Blum
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary BiologyTulane UniversityNew OrleansLAUSA
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTNUSA
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4
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Changes in Ecosystem Nitrogen and Carbon Allocation with Black Mangrove (Avicennia germinans) Encroachment into Spartina alterniflora Salt Marsh. Ecosystems 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10021-020-00565-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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5
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Liu W, Zhang Y, Chen X, Maung-Douglass K, Strong DR, Pennings SC. Contrasting plant adaptation strategies to latitude in the native and invasive range of Spartina alterniflora. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 226:623-634. [PMID: 31834631 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Biological invasions offer model systems of contemporary evolution. We examined trait differences and evolution across geographic clines among continents of the intertidal grass Spartina alterniflora within its invasive and native ranges. We sampled vegetative and reproductive traits in the field at 20 sites over 20° latitude in China (invasive range) and 28 sites over 17° in the US (native range). We grew both Chinese and US plants in a glasshouse common garden for 3 yr. Chinese plants were c. 15% taller, c. 10% denser, and set up to four times more seed than US plants in both the field and common garden. The common garden experiments showed a striking genetic cline of seven-fold greater seed set at higher latitudes in the introduced but not the native range. By contrast, there was a slight genetic cline in some vegetative traits in the native but not the introduced range. Our results are consistent with others showing that introduced plants can evolve rapidly in the new range. S. alterniflora has evolved different trait clines in the native and introduced ranges, showing the importance of phenotypic plasticity and genetic control of change during the invasion process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Liu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Yihui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Xincong Chen
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Keith Maung-Douglass
- Coastal Sustainability Studio, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - Donald R Strong
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Steven C Pennings
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
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6
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Tang J, Sun B, Cheng R, Shi Z, Da Luo, Liu S, Centritto M. Effects of soil nitrogen (N) deficiency on photosynthetic N-use efficiency in N-fixing and non-N-fixing tree seedlings in subtropical China. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4604. [PMID: 30872731 PMCID: PMC6418086 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41035-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil nitrogen (N) deficiencies can affect the photosynthetic N-use efficiency (PNUE), mesophyll conductance (gm), and leaf N allocation. However, lack of information about how these physiological characteristics in N-fixing trees could be affected by soil N deficiency and the difference between N-fixing and non-N-fixing trees. In this study, we chose seedlings of two N-fixing (Dalbergia odorifera and Erythrophleum fordii) and two non-N-fixing trees (Castanopsis hystrix and Betula alnoides) as study objects, and we conducted a pot experiment with three levels of soil N treatments (high nitrogen, set as Control; medium nitrogen, MN; and low nitrogen, LN). Our results showed that soil N deficiency significantly decreased the leaf N concentration and photosynthesis ability of the two non-N-fixing trees, but it had less influence on two N-fixing trees. The LN treatment had lower gm in D. odorifera and lower leaf N allocated to Rubisco (PR), leaf N allocated to bioenergetics (PB), and gm in B. alnoides, eventually resulting in low PNUE values. Our findings suggested that the D. odorifera and E. fordii seedlings could grow well in N-deficient soil, and adding N may increase the growth rates of B. alnoides and C. hystrix seedlings and promote the growth of artificial forests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingchao Tang
- Key Laboratory on Forest Ecology and Environmental Sciences of State Forestry Administration, Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China.,School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao Technological University, Qingdao, 266033, China
| | - Baodi Sun
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao Technological University, Qingdao, 266033, China
| | - Ruimei Cheng
- Key Laboratory on Forest Ecology and Environmental Sciences of State Forestry Administration, Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China.,Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Zuomin Shi
- Key Laboratory on Forest Ecology and Environmental Sciences of State Forestry Administration, Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China. .,Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China. .,Tree and Timber Institute, National Research Council of Italy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy.
| | - Da Luo
- Key Laboratory on Forest Ecology and Environmental Sciences of State Forestry Administration, Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China.,Research Institute of Economic Forestry, Xinjiang Academy of Forestry Science, Urumqi, 830000, China
| | - Shirong Liu
- Key Laboratory on Forest Ecology and Environmental Sciences of State Forestry Administration, Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Mauro Centritto
- Tree and Timber Institute, National Research Council of Italy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
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7
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Tang J, Sun B, Cheng R, Shi Z, Luo D, Liu S, Centritto M. Seedling leaves allocate lower fractions of nitrogen to photosynthetic apparatus in nitrogen fixing trees than in non-nitrogen fixing trees in subtropical China. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0208971. [PMID: 30830910 PMCID: PMC6398865 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Photosynthetic-nitrogen use efficiency (PNUE) is a useful trait to characterize leaf physiology and survival strategy. PNUE can also be considered as part of ‘leaf economics spectrum’ interrelated with leaf nutrient concentrations, photosynthesis and respiration, leaf life-span and dry-mass investment. However, few studies have paid attention to PNUE of N-fixing tree seedlings in subtropical China. In this study, we investigated the differences in PNUE, leaf nitrogen (N) allocation, and mesophyll conductance (gm) in Dalbergia odorifera and Erythrophleum fordii (N-fixing trees), and Betula alnoides and Castanopsis hystrix (non-N-fixing trees). PNUE of D. odorifera and E. fordii were significantly lower than those of B. alnoides and C. hystrix mainly because of their allocation of a lower fraction of leaf N to Rubisco (PR) and bioenergetics (PB). Mesophyll conductance had a significant positive correlation with PNUE in D. odorifera, E. fordii, and B. alnoides, but the effect of gm on PNUE was different between species. The fraction of leaf N to cell wall (PCW) had a significant negative correlation with PR in B. alnoides and C. hystrix seedling leaves, but no correlation in D. odorifera and E. fordii seedling leaves, which may indicate that B. alnoides and C. hystrix seedling leaves did not have enough N to satisfy the demand from both the cell wall and Rubisco. Our results indicate that B. alnoides and C. hystrix may have a higher competitive ability in natural ecosystems with fertile soil, and D. odorifera and E. fordii may grow well in N-poor soil. Mixing these non-N-fixing and N-fixing trees for afforestation is useful for improving soil N utilization efficiency in the tropical forests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingchao Tang
- Key Laboratory on Forest Ecology and Environmental Sciences of State Forestry Administration, Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao Technological University, Qingdao, China
| | - Baodi Sun
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao Technological University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ruimei Cheng
- Key Laboratory on Forest Ecology and Environmental Sciences of State Forestry Administration, Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zuomin Shi
- Key Laboratory on Forest Ecology and Environmental Sciences of State Forestry Administration, Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Tree and Timber Institute, National Research Council of Italy Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Da Luo
- Key Laboratory on Forest Ecology and Environmental Sciences of State Forestry Administration, Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Research Institute of Economic Forestry, Xinjiang Academy of Forestry Science, Urumqi, China
| | - Shirong Liu
- Key Laboratory on Forest Ecology and Environmental Sciences of State Forestry Administration, Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Mauro Centritto
- Tree and Timber Institute, National Research Council of Italy Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
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8
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Lin T, Klinkhamer PGL, Pons TL, Mulder PPJ, Vrieling K. Evolution of Increased Photosynthetic Capacity and Its Underlying Traits in Invasive Jacobaea vulgaris. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1016. [PMID: 31440269 PMCID: PMC6694182 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The evolution of increased competitive ability (EICA) hypothesis and the shifting defense hypothesis (SDH) predict that evolutionary changes occur in a suite of traits related to defense and growth in invasive plant species as result of the absence of specialist herbivores. We tested how this suite of traits changed due to the absence of specialist herbivores in multiple invasive regions that differ in climatic conditions with native and invasive Jacobaea vulgaris in a controlled environment. We hypothesized that invasive J. vulgaris in all invasive regions have i) a higher plant growth and underlying traits, such as photosynthetic capacity, ii) lower regrowth-related traits, such as carbohydrate storage, and iii) an increased plant qualitative defense, such as pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs). Our results show that invasive J. vulgaris genotypes have evolved a higher photosynthetic rate and total PA concentration but a lower investment in root carbohydrates, which supports the SDH hypothesis. All the traits changed consistently and significantly in the same direction in all four invasive regions, indicative of a parallel evolution. Climatic and soil variables did differ between ranges but explained only a very small part of the variation in trait values. The latter suggests that climate and soil changes were not the main selective forces on these traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Lin
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Biology, Plant Ecology and Phytochemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Tiantian Lin,
| | - Peter G. L. Klinkhamer
- Institute of Biology, Plant Ecology and Phytochemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Thijs L. Pons
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | - Klaas Vrieling
- Institute of Biology, Plant Ecology and Phytochemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
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9
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Tang J, Cheng R, Shi Z, Xu G, Liu S, Centritto M. Fagaceae tree species allocate higher fraction of nitrogen to photosynthetic apparatus than Leguminosae in Jianfengling tropical montane rain forest, China. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0192040. [PMID: 29390007 PMCID: PMC5794133 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Variation in photosynthetic-nitrogen use efficiency (PNUE) is generally affected by several factors such as leaf nitrogen allocation and leaf diffusional conductances to CO2, although it is still unclear which factors significantly affect PNUE in tropical montane rain forest trees. In this study, comparison of PNUE, photosynthetic capacity, leaf nitrogen allocation, and diffusional conductances to CO2 between five Fagaceae tree species and five Leguminosae tree species were analyzed in Jianfengling tropical montane rain forest, Hainan Island, China. The result showed that PNUE of Fagaceae was significantly higher than that of Leguminosae (+35.5%), attributed to lower leaf nitrogen content per area (Narea, -29.4%). The difference in nitrogen allocation was the main biochemical factor that influenced interspecific variation in PNUE of these tree species. Fagaceae species allocated a higher fraction of leaf nitrogen to the photosynthetic apparatus (PP, +43.8%), especially to Rubisco (PR, +50.0%) and bioenergetics (PB +33.3%) in comparison with Leguminosae species. Leaf mass per area (LMA) of Leguminosae species was lower than that of Fagaceae species (-15.4%). While there was no significant difference shown for mesophyll conductance (gm), Fagaceae tree species may have greater chloroplast to total leaf surface area ratios and that offset the action of thicker cell walls on gm. Furthermore, weak negative relationship between nitrogen allocation in cell walls and in Rubisco was found for Castanopsis hystrix, Cyclobalanopsis phanera and Cy. patelliformis, which might imply that nitrogen in the leaves was insufficient for both Rubisco and cell walls. In summary, our study concluded that higher PNUE might contribute to the dominance of most Fagaceae tree species in Jianfengling tropical montane rain forest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingchao Tang
- Key Laboratory on Forest Ecology and Environmental Sciences of State Forestry Administration, Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Ruimei Cheng
- Key Laboratory on Forest Ecology and Environmental Sciences of State Forestry Administration, Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zuomin Shi
- Key Laboratory on Forest Ecology and Environmental Sciences of State Forestry Administration, Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Tree and Timber Institute, National Research Council of Italy Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Gexi Xu
- Key Laboratory on Forest Ecology and Environmental Sciences of State Forestry Administration, Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Shirong Liu
- Key Laboratory on Forest Ecology and Environmental Sciences of State Forestry Administration, Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Mauro Centritto
- Tree and Timber Institute, National Research Council of Italy Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
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10
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Onoda Y, Wright IJ, Evans JR, Hikosaka K, Kitajima K, Niinemets Ü, Poorter H, Tosens T, Westoby M. Physiological and structural tradeoffs underlying the leaf economics spectrum. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2017; 214:1447-1463. [PMID: 28295374 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 251] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The leaf economics spectrum (LES) represents a suite of intercorrelated leaf traits concerning construction costs per unit leaf area, nutrient concentrations, and rates of carbon fixation and tissue turnover. Although broad trade-offs among leaf structural and physiological traits have been demonstrated, we still do not have a comprehensive view of the fundamental constraints underlying the LES trade-offs. Here, we investigated physiological and structural mechanisms underpinning the LES by analysing a novel data compilation incorporating rarely considered traits such as the dry mass fraction in cell walls, nitrogen allocation, mesophyll CO2 diffusion and associated anatomical traits for hundreds of species covering major growth forms. The analysis demonstrates that cell wall constituents are major components of leaf dry mass (18-70%), especially in leaves with high leaf mass per unit area (LMA) and long lifespan. A greater fraction of leaf mass in cell walls is typically associated with a lower fraction of leaf nitrogen (N) invested in photosynthetic proteins; and lower within-leaf CO2 diffusion rates, as a result of thicker mesophyll cell walls. The costs associated with greater investments in cell walls underpin the LES: long leaf lifespans are achieved via higher LMA and in turn by higher cell wall mass fraction, but this inevitably reduces the efficiency of photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Onoda
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Ian J Wright
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - John R Evans
- Division of Plant Sciences, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 0200, Australia
| | - Kouki Hikosaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Kaoru Kitajima
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Ülo Niinemets
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, 51014, Estonia
| | - Hendrik Poorter
- Plant Sciences (IBG-2), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Tiina Tosens
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, 51014, Estonia
| | - Mark Westoby
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
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11
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Invasion of Spartina alterniflora in China is greatly facilitated by increased growth and clonality: a comparative study of native and introduced populations. Biol Invasions 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-014-0796-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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12
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Pintó-Marijuan M, Munné-Bosch S. Ecophysiology of invasive plants: osmotic adjustment and antioxidants. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2013; 18:660-6. [PMID: 24001766 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2013.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Revised: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 08/11/2013] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Current research into plant invasiveness often attempts to predict the effect of invasions under future climate change, but most studies only focus on ecological aspects. Understanding ecophysiological responses by characterizing physiological markers such as osmotic adjustment or antioxidant protection indicators will help us to project future invasiveness patterns. In this opinion article, we highlight how the information from physiological measurements can be incorporated into effective management strategies. Furthermore, we propose how combining research strategies of physiologists and ecologists could speed up our understanding of the advantageous mechanisms adopted by invasive species. We suggest that a combined approach would also be of considerable benefit for the development of effective governmental biodiversity conservation policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Pintó-Marijuan
- Departament de Biologia Vegetal, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Avinguda Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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