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Michlewska S, Ionov M, Szwed A, Rogalska A, Sanz del Olmo N, Ortega P, Denel M, Jacenik D, Shcharbin D, de la Mata FJ, Bryszewska M. Ruthenium Dendrimers against Human Lymphoblastic Leukemia 1301 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21114119. [PMID: 32526993 PMCID: PMC7312499 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21114119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ruthenium atoms located in the surfaces of carbosilane dendrimers markedly increase their anti-tumor properties. Carbosilane dendrimers have been widely studied as carriers of drugs and genes owing to such characteristic features as monodispersity, stability, and multivalence. The presence of ruthenium in the dendrimer structure enhances their successful use in anti-cancer therapy. In this paper, the activity of dendrimers of generation 1 and 2 against 1301 cells was evaluated using Transmission Electron Microscopy, comet assay and Real Time PCR techniques. Additionally, the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and changes of mitochondrial potential values were assessed. The results of the present study show that ruthenium dendrimers significantly decrease the viability of leukemia cells (1301) but show low toxicity to non-cancer cells (peripheral blood mononuclear cells-PBMCs). The in vitro test results indicate that the dendrimers injure the 1301 leukemia cells via the apoptosis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Michlewska
- Laboratory of Microscopic Imaging & Specialized Biological Techniques, Faculty of Biology & Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology & Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (A.S.); (M.B.)
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (M.I.)
| | - Maksim Ionov
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology & Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (A.S.); (M.B.)
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (M.I.)
| | - Aleksandra Szwed
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology & Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (A.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Aneta Rogalska
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Biology & Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (A.R.); (M.D.)
| | - Natalia Sanz del Olmo
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials & Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (N.S.d.O.); (P.O.); (F.J.d.l.M.)
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Inorganic Chemistry, Research Institute of Chemistry “Andrés M. del Rio (IQAR)”, Institute “Ramón y Cajal” for Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcalá, 28805 Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula Ortega
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials & Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (N.S.d.O.); (P.O.); (F.J.d.l.M.)
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Inorganic Chemistry, Research Institute of Chemistry “Andrés M. del Rio (IQAR)”, Institute “Ramón y Cajal” for Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcalá, 28805 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Denel
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Biology & Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (A.R.); (M.D.)
| | - Damian Jacenik
- Department of Cytobiochemistry, Faculty of Biology & Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Dzmitry Shcharbin
- Institute of Biophysics & Cell Engineering of NASB, 220072 Minsk, Belarus;
| | - Francisco Javier de la Mata
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials & Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (N.S.d.O.); (P.O.); (F.J.d.l.M.)
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Inorganic Chemistry, Research Institute of Chemistry “Andrés M. del Rio (IQAR)”, Institute “Ramón y Cajal” for Health Research (IRYCIS), University of Alcalá, 28805 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Bryszewska
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology & Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (A.S.); (M.B.)
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Riccardi C, Musumeci D, Trifuoggi M, Irace C, Paduano L, Montesarchio D. Anticancer Ruthenium(III) Complexes and Ru(III)-Containing Nanoformulations: An Update on the Mechanism of Action and Biological Activity. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2019; 12:E146. [PMID: 31561546 PMCID: PMC6958509 DOI: 10.3390/ph12040146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The great advances in the studies on metal complexes for the treatment of different cancer forms, starting from the pioneering works on platinum derivatives, have fostered an increasingly growing interest in their properties and biomedical applications. Among the various metal-containing drugs investigated thus far, ruthenium(III) complexes have emerged for their selective cytotoxic activity in vitro and promising anticancer properties in vivo, also leading to a few candidates in advanced clinical trials. Aiming at addressing the solubility, stability and cellular uptake issues of low molecular weight Ru(III)-based compounds, some research groups have proposed the development of suitable drug delivery systems (e.g., taking advantage of nanoparticles, liposomes, etc.) able to enhance their activity compared to the naked drugs. This review highlights the unique role of Ru(III) complexes in the current panorama of anticancer agents, with particular emphasis on Ru-containing nanoformulations based on the incorporation of the Ru(III) complexes into suitable nanocarriers in order to enhance their bioavailability and pharmacokinetic properties. Preclinical evaluation of these nanoaggregates is discussed with a special focus on the investigation of their mechanism of action at a molecular level, highlighting their pharmacological potential in tumour disease models and value for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Riccardi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Domenica Musumeci
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Marco Trifuoggi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Carlo Irace
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, I-80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Luigi Paduano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Daniela Montesarchio
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
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Bhatti MZ, Ali A, Duong HQ, Chen J, Rahman FU. Anticancer activity and mechanism of bis-pyrimidine based dimetallic Ru(II)(η 6-p-cymene) complex in human non-small cell lung cancer via p53-dependent pathway. J Inorg Biochem 2019; 194:52-64. [PMID: 30831390 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2019.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common cancer worldwide, which is related with poor prognosis and resistance to chemotherapy. Notably, ruthenium-based complexes have emerged as good alternative to the currently used platinum-based drugs for cancer therapy. In the present study, we synthesized a novel bis-pyrimidine based ligand 1,3-bis(2-methyl-6-(pyridin-2-yl)pyrimidin-4-yl)benzene (L) and used it in the synthesis of a dimetallic Ru(II) cymene complex [(Ru(η6-p-cymene)Cl)2(1,3-bis(2-methyl-6-(pyridin-2-yl)pyrimidin-4-yl)benzene)] (L-Ru). We checked the stability of this complex in solution state in D2O/DMSO‑d6 mixture and found it to be highly stable under these conditions. We determined the anticancer activity and mechanism of action of L-Ru in human NSCLC A549 and A427 by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and related biological analyses. These results revealed that L-Ru exerted a strong inhibitory effect on the cells proliferation,G0/G1-arrest, accompanied with upregulation of p53, p21, p15, cleaved Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) protein and downregulation of cell cycle markers. L-Ru inhibited cell migration and invasion. The mitochondria-mediated apoptosis of NSCLC induced by L-Ru was also observed followed by the increase of apoptosis regulator B-cell lymphoma 2 associated X (BAX), and activation of caspase-3/-9. The effects of L-Ru on the cell viability, Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) positive cells and Annexin V-positive cells apoptosis induction were remarkably attenuated. This complex induced DNA damage, cell cycle arrest and cell death via caspase-dependent apoptosis involving PARP activation and induction of p53-dependent pathway. These findings suggested that this ruthenium complex might be a potential effective chemotherapeutic agent in NSCLC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zeeshan Bhatti
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Ali
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; Institute of Integrative Biosciences, CECOS University of IT and Emerging Sciences, Peshawar, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Hong-Quan Duong
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, K7/25 Quang Trung, Danang 550000, Viet Nam
| | - Jiwu Chen
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Faiz-Ur Rahman
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China.
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Magalhães LF, Mello-Andrade F, Pires WC, Silva HD, da Silva PFF, Macedo LM, Henrique de Castro C, Carneiro CC, Cardoso CG, de Melo Reis PR, Camargo de Oliveira L, Caetano RR, Batista AA, Silveira-Lacerda EDP. cis-[RuCl(BzCN)(bipy)(dppe)]PF6 induces anti-angiogenesis and apoptosis by a mechanism of caspase-dependent involving DNA damage, PARP activation, and Tp53 induction in Ehrlich tumor cells. Chem Biol Interact 2017; 278:101-113. [PMID: 28935426 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Antimetastatic activities, low toxicity to normal cells and high selectivity for tumor cells make of the ruthenium complexes promising candidates in the search for develop new chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of cancer. This study aimed to determine the cytotoxic, genotoxic and to elucidate the signaling pathway involved in the death cell process induced by cis-[RuCl(BzCN)(bipy)(dppb)]PF6(1) and cis-[RuCl(BzCN)(bipy)(dppe)]PF6(2) in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) in vitro. Moreover, we report for the first time the anti-angiogenic potential on chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated from healthy controls with an age range of 20-30 years and used to calculate the selectivity index (SI). The complex 2 (IC50 = 8.5 ± 0.4/SI = 6.3) showed high cytotoxic and selectivity index against EAC cells than complex 1 (IC50 = 14.9 ± 0.2/SI = 0.2) using the MTT assay. Complex 2 induced DNA damage on Ehrlich tumor cells at concentrations and time periods evalueted. In consequence, it was observed an increase of Tp53 gene expression, G0/G1-arrest cells, and increased levels of cleaved PARP protein. Beside that, the treatment of EAC with complex 2 led to an increase in Annexin V-positive cells and apoptosis induction by Caspase-7. Additionally, the complex 2 inhibited the angiogenesis caused by Ehrlich tumor cells in CAM model. This complex is active and selective for Ehrlich tumor cells, inducing DNA damage, cell cycle arrest and cell death by caspase-dependent apoptosis involving PARP activation (PARP1), and Tp53 induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Félix Magalhães
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás - UFG, Goiânia, GO CEP 74001-970, Brazil
| | - Francyelli Mello-Andrade
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás - UFG, Goiânia, GO CEP 74001-970, Brazil
| | - Wanessa Carvalho Pires
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás - UFG, Goiânia, GO CEP 74001-970, Brazil
| | - Hugo Delleon Silva
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás - UFG, Goiânia, GO CEP 74001-970, Brazil
| | - Paula Francinete Faustino da Silva
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás - UFG, Goiânia, GO CEP 74001-970, Brazil
| | - Larissa Matuda Macedo
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Phisiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás - UFG, Goiânia, GO CEP 74001-970, Brazil
| | - Carlos Henrique de Castro
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Phisiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás - UFG, Goiânia, GO CEP 74001-970, Brazil
| | - Cristiene Costa Carneiro
- Mutagenesis and Microorganisms Radiobiology Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Clever Gomes Cardoso
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University Federal of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Alzir A Batista
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, SãoCarlos, SP CEP 13.565-905, Brazil
| | - Elisângela de Paula Silveira-Lacerda
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás - UFG, Goiânia, GO CEP 74001-970, Brazil.
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Michlewska S, Ionov M, Shcharbin D, Maroto-Díaz M, Gomez Ramirez R, Javier de la Mata F, Bryszewska M. Ruthenium metallodendrimers with anticancer potential in an acute promyelocytic leukemia cell line (HL60). Eur Polym J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2016.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Abstract
Vascular endothelial cell (VEC) apoptosis is involved in the development of atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases. We previously found that ethyl 1-(2-hydroxy-3-aroxypropyl)-3-aryl-1H-pyrazole -5-carboxylate derivatives (3a-o) play important roles in cell fate control. In this study, among the 15 compounds, we further screened 2 compounds, 3d and 3k, that suppressed VEC apoptosis induced by deprivation of serum and fibroblast growth factor 2. To clarify which chiral enantiomers of 3d and 3k functioned, we synthesized 3d-S and its enantiomer 3d-R, 3k-S, and its enantiomer 3k-R. Then, we investigated the apoptosis-inhibiting activity of the chiral compounds in VECs. Four small molecules, 3d-S, 3d-R, 3k-S, 3k-R, significantly elevated VEC viability and inhibited apoptosis. Furthermore, these small molecules could obviously decrease the level of integrin β4 that plays a key role in the regulation of VEC apoptosis. 3k-S and 3k-R increased Bcl-2/Bax ratio and reduced reactive oxygen species levels dramatically. Therefore, we provide new VEC apoptosis inhibitors. These compounds may be potential agents in the prevention of vascular diseases associated with VEC apoptosis.
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Jayanthi E, Kalaiselvi S, Padma VV, Bhuvanesh NSP, Dharmaraj N. Solvent assisted formation of ruthenium(III) and ruthenium(II) hydrazone complexes in one-pot with potential in vitro cytotoxicity and enhanced LDH, NO and ROS release. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:1693-707. [PMID: 26699435 DOI: 10.1039/c5dt03849a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A set each of new bivalent and trivalent ruthenium complexes, [Ru(III)(HL)Cl2(EPh3)2] and [Ru(II)(L)(CO)(EPh3)2] (E = P (complexes and ) or As (complexes and )) were synthesised from the reactions of [Ru(III)Cl3(EPh3)3] with 2-hydroxynaphthaldehyde benzoic acid hydrazone (H2L) in methanol-chloroform and characterized by elemental analysis, spectral data and XRD study. A suitable mechanism to account for the formation of bivalent ruthenium carbonyl complexes from the corresponding trivalent precursors is provided by considering the role of added base in the reaction. Interaction of complexes with CT-DNA/bovine serum albumin was analysed with absorption and emission spectral titration studies. In vitro cytotoxic potential of the above ruthenium hydrazone complexes assayed against the A549 cell line revealed a significant growth inhibition. The test complexes added in IC50 concentration into the cell culture medium enhanced the release of lactate dehydrogenase, NO and reactive oxygen species in comparison with the control. Cell death induced by the complexes was studied using a propidium iodide staining assay and showed noticeable changes in the cell morphology which resembled apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eswaran Jayanthi
- Inorganic & Nanomaterials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore - 641 046, India.
| | | | | | | | - Nallasamy Dharmaraj
- Inorganic & Nanomaterials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore - 641 046, India.
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Zheng H, Chen JN, Yu X, Jiang P, Yuan L, Shen HS, Zhao LH, Chen PF, Yang M. HMGB1 Enhances Drug Resistance and Promotes In Vivo Tumor Growth of Lung Cancer Cells. DNA Cell Biol 2016; 35:622-627. [PMID: 27383136 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2016.3360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance is an obstacle in the chemotherapeutic treatment of lung cancers. In the present study, the effects of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein in chemotherapeutic resistance and the relationships between HMGB1 and chemotherapy drug-induced cell apoptosis or necrosis were clarified. We used cisplatin-sensitive A549 cells and cisplatin-resistant A549/DDP cells as cell models with IC50 of 11.58 and 46.95 μM, respectively. A549/DDP had higher level of HMGB1 compared with A549 cells. Interestingly, with the increasing concentration of DDP, HMGB1 was gradually located into cytoplasm in cisplatin-sensitive A549 cells. Moreover, interference with endogenous HMGB1 sensitized the effects of chemotherapeutic drugs, including 5-Fu, DDP, and OXA. Furthermore, results from an in vivo tumorigenesis experiment demonstrated that serum concentration of HMGB1 was much lower in the group inoculated with HMGB1 shRNA-transfected A549 cells than in the N.C. shRNA-transfected A549 inoculated group, as well as the tumor volume, suggesting that serum HMGB1 contributed to tumor growth in a mouse model. In conclusion, higher levels of HMGB1 probably contributed to chemotherapy drug resistance, and higher serum concentration of HMGB1 promoted in vivo tumor growth. The study would provide new clues to overcome drug resistance in chemotherapy of human lung cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zheng
- 1 Department of Respiration, The First Central Hospital of Tianjin , Tianjin, China
| | - Jia-Ning Chen
- 1 Department of Respiration, The First Central Hospital of Tianjin , Tianjin, China
| | - Xi Yu
- 1 Department of Respiration, The First Central Hospital of Tianjin , Tianjin, China
| | - Ping Jiang
- 1 Department of Respiration, The First Central Hospital of Tianjin , Tianjin, China
| | - Ling Yuan
- 2 Tianjin Institute of Medical Sciences , Tianjin, China
| | | | - Li-Hong Zhao
- 1 Department of Respiration, The First Central Hospital of Tianjin , Tianjin, China
| | - Pan-Feng Chen
- 1 Department of Respiration, The First Central Hospital of Tianjin , Tianjin, China
| | - Min Yang
- 1 Department of Respiration, The First Central Hospital of Tianjin , Tianjin, China
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Synthesis, characterization, DNA/protein binding and in vitro cytotoxic evaluation of new Ru(III) complexes containing aroylhydrazone ligands: Does hydrogen bonding influence the coordination behavior of hydrazones? Inorganica Chim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2015.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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10
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Vilanova-Costa CAST, Porto HKP, Pereira LCG, Carvalho BP, Dos Santos WB, Silveira-Lacerda EDP. MDR1 and cytochrome P450 gene-expression profiles as markers of chemosensitivity in human chronic myelogenous leukemia cells treated with cisplatin and Ru(III) metallocomplexes. Biol Trace Elem Res 2015; 163:39-47. [PMID: 25253429 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-014-0133-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Leukemia is a major type of cancer affecting a significant segment of the population, and especially children. In fact, leukemia is the most frequent childhood cancer, with 26 % of all cases, and 20 % mortality. The multidrug resistance phenotype (MDR) is considered one of the major causes of failure in cancer chemotherapy. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between the expression of MDR1 and CYP450 genes in human chronic myelogenous leukemia cells (K-562) treated with cisplatin (cisPt) and two ruthenium-based coordinated complexes [cisCRu(III) and cisDRu(III)]. The tested compounds induced apoptosis in K-562 tumor cells as evidenced by caspase 3 activation. Results also revealed that the amplification of P-gp gene is greater in K-562 cells exposed to cisPt and cisCRu(III) than cisDRu(III). Taken together, all these results strongly demonstrate that MDR-1 overexpression in K-562 cells could be associated to a MDR phenotype, and moreover, it is also contributing to the platinum and structurally related compound, resistance in these cells.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B/biosynthesis
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/pharmacology
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Cisplatin/pharmacology
- Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/biosynthesis
- Drug Resistance, Multiple/drug effects
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic/drug effects
- Humans
- K562 Cells
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
- Ruthenium/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar Augusto Sam Tiago Vilanova-Costa
- Laboratório de Genética Molecular e Citogenética, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas - ICB, Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Campus Samambaia (Campus II), Cx. Postal: 131, Goiânia, GO, 74001-970, Brazil,
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Synthesis of a ruthenium(II) tryptophan-associated complex and biological evaluation against Ehrlich murine breast carcinoma. TRANSIT METAL CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11243-014-9882-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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