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Liu R, Feng ZY, Li D, Jin B, Yan Lan, Meng LY. Recent trends in carbon-based microelectrodes as electrochemical sensors for neurotransmitter detection: A review. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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2
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Liu Y, Li X, Chen J, Yuan C. Micro/Nano Electrode Array Sensors: Advances in Fabrication and Emerging Applications in Bioanalysis. Front Chem 2020; 8:573865. [PMID: 33324609 PMCID: PMC7726471 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.573865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the rapid development of micro/nano manufacturing techniques and the greater understanding in electrochemical principles and methods, micro/nano electrode array sensing has received much attention in recent years, especially in bioanalysis. This review aims to explore recent progress in innovative techniques for the construction of micro/nano electrode array sensor and the unique applications of various types of micro/nano electrode array sensors in biochemical analysis. Moreover, the new area of smart sensing benefited from miniaturization of portable micro/nano electrode array sensors as well as wearable intelligent devices are further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiuting Li
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chonglin Yuan
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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3
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Yang C, Cao Q, Puthongkham P, Lee ST, Ganesana M, Lavrik NV, Venton BJ. 3D-Printed Carbon Electrodes for Neurotransmitter Detection. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:14255-14259. [PMID: 30207021 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201809992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Implantable neural microsensors have significantly advanced neuroscience research, but the geometry of most probes is limited by the fabrication methods. Therefore, new methods are needed for batch-manufacturing with high reproducibility. Herein, a novel method is developed using two-photon nanolithography followed by pyrolysis for fabrication of free-standing microelectrodes with a carbon electroactive surface. 3D-printed spherical and conical electrodes were characterized with slow scan cyclic voltammetry (CV). With fast-scan CV, the electrodes showed low dopamine LODs of 11±1 nm (sphere) and 10±2 nm (cone), high sensitivity to multiple neurochemicals, and high reproducibility. Spherical microelectrodes were used to detect dopamine in a brain slice and in vivo, demonstrating they are robust enough for tissue implantation. This work is the first demonstration of 3D-printing of free-standing carbon electrodes; and the method is promising for batch fabrication of customized, implantable neural sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Yang
- Dept. of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22901, USA
| | - Qun Cao
- Dept. of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22901, USA
| | | | - Scott T Lee
- Dept. of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22901, USA
| | | | - Nickolay V Lavrik
- Center for Nanophase Material Science, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - B Jill Venton
- Dept. of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22901, USA
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4
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Yang C, Cao Q, Puthongkham P, Lee ST, Ganesana M, Lavrik NV, Venton BJ. 3D‐Printed Carbon Electrodes for Neurotransmitter Detection. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201809992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Yang
- Dept. of Chemistry University of Virginia Charlottesville VA 22901 USA
| | - Qun Cao
- Dept. of Chemistry University of Virginia Charlottesville VA 22901 USA
| | | | - Scott T. Lee
- Dept. of Chemistry University of Virginia Charlottesville VA 22901 USA
| | | | - Nickolay V. Lavrik
- Center for Nanophase Material Science Oak Ridge National Lab Oak Ridge TN 37831 USA
| | - B. Jill Venton
- Dept. of Chemistry University of Virginia Charlottesville VA 22901 USA
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Nimbalkar S, Castagnola E, Balasubramani A, Scarpellini A, Samejima S, Khorasani A, Boissenin A, Thongpang S, Moritz C, Kassegne S. Ultra-Capacitive Carbon Neural Probe Allows Simultaneous Long-Term Electrical Stimulations and High-Resolution Neurotransmitter Detection. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6958. [PMID: 29725133 PMCID: PMC5934383 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25198-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a new class of carbon-based neural probes that consist of homogeneous glassy carbon (GC) microelectrodes, interconnects and bump pads. These electrodes have purely capacitive behavior with exceptionally high charge storage capacity (CSC) and are capable of sustaining more than 3.5 billion cycles of bi-phasic pulses at charge density of 0.25 mC/cm2. These probes enable both high SNR (>16) electrical signal recording and remarkably high-resolution real-time neurotransmitter detection, on the same platform. Leveraging a new 2-step, double-sided pattern transfer method for GC structures, these probes allow extended long-term electrical stimulation with no electrode material corrosion. Cross-section characterization through FIB and SEM imaging demonstrate strong attachment enabled by hydroxyl and carbonyl covalent bonds between GC microstructures and top insulating and bottom substrate layers. Extensive in-vivo and in-vitro tests confirmed: (i) high SNR (>16) recordings, (ii) highest reported CSC for non-coated neural probe (61.4 ± 6.9 mC/cm2), (iii) high-resolution dopamine detection (10 nM level - one of the lowest reported so far), (iv) recording of both electrical and electrochemical signals, and (v) no failure after 3.5 billion cycles of pulses. Therefore, these probes offer a compelling multi-modal platform for long-term applications of neural probe technology in both experimental and clinical neuroscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surabhi Nimbalkar
- MEMS Research Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Engineering, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA.,NSF-ERC Center for Sensorimotor Neural Engineering (CSNE), Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Elisa Castagnola
- MEMS Research Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Engineering, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA.,NSF-ERC Center for Sensorimotor Neural Engineering (CSNE), Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Arvind Balasubramani
- MEMS Research Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Engineering, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA.,NSF-ERC Center for Sensorimotor Neural Engineering (CSNE), Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alice Scarpellini
- Department of Nanochemistry, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genoa, Italy
| | - Soshi Samejima
- University of Washington, Division of Physical Therapy Departments of Rehabilitation Medicine and Physiology and Biophysics, Seattle, WA, USA.,NSF-ERC Center for Sensorimotor Neural Engineering (CSNE), Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Abed Khorasani
- University of Washington, Division of Physical Therapy Departments of Rehabilitation Medicine and Physiology and Biophysics, Seattle, WA, USA.,NSF-ERC Center for Sensorimotor Neural Engineering (CSNE), Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Adrien Boissenin
- University of Washington, Division of Physical Therapy Departments of Rehabilitation Medicine and Physiology and Biophysics, Seattle, WA, USA.,NSF-ERC Center for Sensorimotor Neural Engineering (CSNE), Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sanitta Thongpang
- University of Washington, Division of Physical Therapy Departments of Rehabilitation Medicine and Physiology and Biophysics, Seattle, WA, USA.,NSF-ERC Center for Sensorimotor Neural Engineering (CSNE), Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Chet Moritz
- University of Washington, Division of Physical Therapy Departments of Rehabilitation Medicine and Physiology and Biophysics, Seattle, WA, USA.,NSF-ERC Center for Sensorimotor Neural Engineering (CSNE), Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sam Kassegne
- MEMS Research Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Engineering, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA. .,NSF-ERC Center for Sensorimotor Neural Engineering (CSNE), Seattle, WA, USA.
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Demuru S, Nela L, Marchack N, Holmes SJ, Farmer DB, Tulevski GS, Lin Q, Deligianni H. Scalable Nanostructured Carbon Electrode Arrays for Enhanced Dopamine Detection. ACS Sens 2018; 3:799-805. [PMID: 29480715 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.8b00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that modulates arousal and motivation in humans and animals. It plays a central role in the brain "reward" system. Its dysregulation is involved in several debilitating disorders such as addiction, depression, Parkinson's disease, and schizophrenia. Dopamine neurotransmission and its reuptake in extracellular space takes place with millisecond temporal and nanometer spatial resolution. Novel nanoscale electrodes are needed with superior sensitivity and improved spatial resolution to gain an improved understanding of dopamine dysregulation. We report on a scalable fabrication of dopamine neurochemical probes of a nanostructured glassy carbon that is smaller than any existing dopamine sensor and arrays of more than 6000 nanorod probes. We also report on the electrochemical dopamine sensing of the glassy carbon nanorod electrode. Compared with a carbon fiber, the nanostructured glassy carbon nanorods provide about 2× higher sensitivity per unit area for dopamine sensing and more than 5× higher signal per unit area at low concentration of dopamine, with comparable LOD and time response. These glassy carbon nanorods were fabricated by pyrolysis of a lithographically defined polymeric nanostructure with an industry standard semiconductor fabrication infrastructure. The scalable fabrication strategy offers the potential to integrate these nanoscale carbon rods with an integrated circuit control system and with other complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) compatible sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nathan Marchack
- IBM, Thomas J. Watson Research Center, 1101 Kitchawan Road, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, United States
| | - Steven J. Holmes
- IBM, Thomas J. Watson Research Center, 1101 Kitchawan Road, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, United States
| | - Damon B. Farmer
- IBM, Thomas J. Watson Research Center, 1101 Kitchawan Road, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, United States
| | - George S. Tulevski
- IBM, Thomas J. Watson Research Center, 1101 Kitchawan Road, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, United States
| | - Qinghuang Lin
- IBM, Thomas J. Watson Research Center, 1101 Kitchawan Road, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, United States
| | - Hariklia Deligianni
- IBM, Thomas J. Watson Research Center, 1101 Kitchawan Road, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, United States
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Castagnola E, Vahidi NW, Nimbalkar S, Rudraraju S, Thielk M, Zucchini E, Cea C, Carli S, Gentner TQ, Ricci D, Fadiga L, Kassegne S. In Vivo Dopamine Detection and Single Unit Recordings Using Intracortical Glassy Carbon Microelectrode Arrays. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 3:1629-1634. [PMID: 29881642 DOI: 10.1557/adv.2018.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we present a 4-channel intracortical glassy carbon (GC) microelectrode array on a flexible substrate for the simultaneous in vivo neural activity recording and dopamine (DA) concentration measurement at four different brain locations (220μm vertical spacing). The ability of GC microelectrodes to detect DA was firstly assessed in vitro in phosphate-buffered saline solution and then validated in vivo measuring spontaneous DA concentration in the Striatum of European Starling songbird through fast scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV). The capability of GC microelectrode arrays and commercial penetrating metal microelectrode arrays to record neural activity from the Caudomedial Neostriatum of European starling songbird was compared. Preliminary results demonstrated the ability of GC microelectrodes in detecting neurotransmitters release and recording neural activity in vivo. GC microelectrodes array may, therefore, offer a new opportunity to understand the intimate relations linking electrophysiological parameters with neurotransmitters release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Castagnola
- MEMS Research Lab., Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182-1323, USA.,Center for Sensorimotor Neural Engineering (CSNE), Box 37, 1414 NE 42nd St., Suite 204, Seattle, WA 98105-6271, USA
| | - Nasim Winchester Vahidi
- Dept. of Electrical Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.,Neurosciences Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Surabhi Nimbalkar
- MEMS Research Lab., Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182-1323, USA.,Center for Sensorimotor Neural Engineering (CSNE), Box 37, 1414 NE 42nd St., Suite 204, Seattle, WA 98105-6271, USA
| | - Srihita Rudraraju
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Marvin Thielk
- Neurosciences Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Elena Zucchini
- Center for Translational Neurophysiology of Speech and Communication, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Fossato di Mortara 17/19, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Claudia Cea
- MEMS Research Lab., Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182-1323, USA.,Center for Sensorimotor Neural Engineering (CSNE), Box 37, 1414 NE 42nd St., Suite 204, Seattle, WA 98105-6271, USA
| | - Stefano Carli
- Center for Translational Neurophysiology of Speech and Communication, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Fossato di Mortara 17/19, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Timothy Q Gentner
- Neurosciences Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Davide Ricci
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Luciano Fadiga
- Center for Translational Neurophysiology of Speech and Communication, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Fossato di Mortara 17/19, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.,Human Physiology, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17/19, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Sam Kassegne
- MEMS Research Lab., Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182-1323, USA.,Center for Sensorimotor Neural Engineering (CSNE), Box 37, 1414 NE 42nd St., Suite 204, Seattle, WA 98105-6271, USA
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8
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Kahlouche K, Jijie R, Hosu I, Barras A, Gharbi T, Yahiaoui R, Herlem G, Ferhat M, Szunerits S, Boukherroub R. Controlled modification of electrochemical microsystems with polyethylenimine/reduced graphene oxide using electrophoretic deposition: Sensing of dopamine levels in meat samples. Talanta 2017; 178:432-440. [PMID: 29136845 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.09.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Microsystems play an important role in many biological and environmental applications. The integration of electrical interfaces into such miniaturized systems provides new opportunities for electrochemical sensing where high sensitivity and selectivity towards the analyte are requested. This can be only achieved upon controlled functionalization of the working electrode, a challenge for compact microsystems. In this work, we demonstrate the benefit of electrophoretic deposition (EPD) of reduced graphene oxide/polyethylenimine (rGO/PEI) for the selective modification of a gold (Au) microelectrode in a microsystem comprising a Pt counter and a Ag/AgCl reference electrode. The functionalized microsystem was successfully applied for the sensing of dopamine with a detection limit of 50nM. Additionally, the microsystem exhibited good performance for the detection of dopamine levels in meat samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karima Kahlouche
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Central Lille, ISEN, Univ. Valenciennes, UMR 8520, IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France; Laboratoire de Nanomédecine, imagerie et thérapeutique, EA 4662, Université de Franche-Comté, 16 Route de Gray, 25030 Besançon, France; Centre for Development of Advanced Technologies (CDTA), Baba Hassen, Algeria; Semiconductors and Functional Materials Laboratory, University of Laghouat, Algeria
| | - Roxana Jijie
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Central Lille, ISEN, Univ. Valenciennes, UMR 8520, IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Ioana Hosu
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Central Lille, ISEN, Univ. Valenciennes, UMR 8520, IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Alexandre Barras
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Central Lille, ISEN, Univ. Valenciennes, UMR 8520, IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Tijani Gharbi
- Laboratoire de Nanomédecine, imagerie et thérapeutique, EA 4662, Université de Franche-Comté, 16 Route de Gray, 25030 Besançon, France
| | - Reda Yahiaoui
- Laboratoire de Nanomédecine, imagerie et thérapeutique, EA 4662, Université de Franche-Comté, 16 Route de Gray, 25030 Besançon, France
| | - Guillaume Herlem
- Laboratoire de Nanomédecine, imagerie et thérapeutique, EA 4662, Université de Franche-Comté, 16 Route de Gray, 25030 Besançon, France
| | - Marhoun Ferhat
- Semiconductors and Functional Materials Laboratory, University of Laghouat, Algeria
| | - Sabine Szunerits
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Central Lille, ISEN, Univ. Valenciennes, UMR 8520, IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Rabah Boukherroub
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Central Lille, ISEN, Univ. Valenciennes, UMR 8520, IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France.
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