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Gondáš E, Baranovičová E, Bystrický P, Šofranko J, Evinová A, Dohál M, Hatoková Z, Murín R. Both Enantiomers of 2-Hydroxyglutarate Modulate the Metabolism of Cultured Human Neuroblastoma Cells. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:2480-2490. [PMID: 38862727 PMCID: PMC11310259 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-024-04188-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Elevated levels of D-2-hydroxyglutarate (D-2HG) and L-2-hydroxyglutarate (L-2HG) in the brain are associated with various pathological conditions, potentially contributing to neurological symptoms and neurodegeneration. Previous studies on animal models have revealed their capability to interfere with several cellular processes, including mitochondrial metabolism. Both enantiomers competitively inhibit the enzymatic activity of 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases. These enzymes also execute several signaling cascades and regulate the level of covalent modifications on nucleic acids or proteins, e.g., methylation, hydroxylation, or ubiquitination, with an effect on epigenetic regulation of gene expression, protein stability, and intracellular signaling. To investigate the potential impact of 2HG enantiomers on human neuronal cells, we utilized the SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cell line as a model. We employed proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy of culture media that provided high-resolution insights into the changes in the content of metabolites. Concurrently, we performed biochemical assays to complement the 1H-NMR findings and to estimate the activities of lactate and 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenases. Our results reveal that both 2HG enantiomers can influence the cellular metabolism of human neuroblastoma cells on multiple levels. Specifically, both enantiomers of 2HG comparably stimulate anaerobic metabolism of glucose and inhibit the uptake of several essential amino acids from the culture media. In this respect, both 2HG enantiomers decreased the catabolism capability of cells to incorporate the leucine-derived carbon atoms into their metabolism and to generate the ketone bodies. These results provide evidence that both enantiomers of 2HG have the potential to influence the metabolic and molecular aspects of human cells. Furthermore, we may propose that increased levels of 2HG enantiomers in the brain parenchyma may alter brain metabolism features, potentially contributing to the etiology of neurological symptoms in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduard Gondáš
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Malá hora 4D, 036 01, Martin, Slovakia
- Department of Pharmacology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Eva Baranovičová
- Biomedical Centre Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Bystrický
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Nuclear Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jakub Šofranko
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Malá hora 4D, 036 01, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Andrea Evinová
- Biomedical Centre Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Matúš Dohál
- Biomedical Centre Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Hatoková
- Biomedical Centre Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Radovan Murín
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Malá hora 4D, 036 01, Martin, Slovakia.
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Malá hora 4D, 036 01, Martin, Slovakia.
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Isasi E, Wajner M, Duarte JA, Olivera-Bravo S. Cerebral White Matter Alterations Associated With Oligodendrocyte Vulnerability in Organic Acidurias: Insights in Glutaric Aciduria Type I. Neurotox Res 2024; 42:33. [PMID: 38963434 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-024-00710-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
The white matter is an important constituent of the central nervous system, containing axons, oligodendrocytes, and its progenitor cells, astrocytes, and microglial cells. Oligodendrocytes are central for myelin synthesis, the insulating envelope that protects axons and allows normal neural conduction. Both, oligodendrocytes and myelin, are highly vulnerable to toxic factors in many neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders associated with disturbances of myelination. Here we review the main alterations in oligodendrocytes and myelin observed in some organic acidurias/acidemias, which correspond to inherited neurometabolic disorders biochemically characterized by accumulation of potentially neurotoxic organic acids and their derivatives. The yet incompletely understood mechanisms underlying the high vulnerability of OLs and/or myelin in glutaric acidemia type I, the most prototypical cerebral organic aciduria, are particularly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Isasi
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Unidad Académica de Histología y Embriología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Departamento de Neurobiología y Neuropatología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable (IIBCE), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Moacir Wajner
- Department of Biochemistry, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas da Saude, Universidade Federal de Río Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Juliana Avila Duarte
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Serviço de Radiología, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Silvia Olivera-Bravo
- Departamento de Neurobiología y Neuropatología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable (IIBCE), Montevideo, Uruguay.
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SLC1A1-mediated cellular and mitochondrial influx of R-2-hydroxyglutarate in vascular endothelial cells promotes tumor angiogenesis in IDH1-mutant solid tumors. Cell Res 2022; 32:638-658. [PMID: 35459936 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-022-00650-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutant isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (mIDH1) drives tumorigenesis via producing oncometabolite R-2-hydroxyglutarate (R-2-HG) across various tumor types. However, mIDH1 inhibitors appear only effective in hematological tumors. The therapeutic benefit in solid tumors remains elusive, likely due to the complex tumor microenvironment. In this study, we discover that R-2-HG produced by IDH1-mutant tumor cells is preferentially imported into vascular endothelial cells and remodels mitochondrial respiration to promote tumor angiogenesis, conferring a therapeutic vulnerability in IDH1-mutant solid tumors. Mechanistically, SLC1A1, a Na+-dependent glutamate transporter that is preferentially expressed in endothelial cells, facilitates the influx of R-2-HG from the tumor microenvironment into the endothelial cells as well as the intracellular trafficking of R-2-HG from cytoplasm to mitochondria. R-2-HG hijacks SLC1A1 to promote mitochondrial Na+/Ca2+ exchange, which activates the mitochondrial respiratory chain and fuels vascular endothelial cell migration in tumor angiogenesis. SLC1A1 deficiency in mice abolishes mIDH1-promoted tumor angiogenesis as well as the therapeutic benefit of mIDH1 inhibitor in solid tumors. Moreover, we report that HH2301, a newly discovered mIDH1 inhibitor, shows promising efficacy in treating IDH1-mutant cholangiocarcinoma in preclinical models. Together, we identify a new role of SLC1A1 as a gatekeeper of R-2-HG-mediated crosstalk between IDH1-mutant tumor cells and vascular endothelial cells, and demonstrate the therapeutic potential of mIDH1 inhibitors in treating IDH1-mutant solid tumors via disrupting R-2-HG-promoted tumor angiogenesis.
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Ding X, Deng Y, Wang Y, Xue W, Zhu S, Ma X, Ma R, Sun A. Serum metabolomic profiling reveals potential biomarkers in assessing the management of women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized controlled trial. Chin Med J (Engl) 2022; 135:79-85. [PMID: 34873082 PMCID: PMC8850823 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000001705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As one of the most common endocrinal disorders for women at childbearing age, the diagnostic criteria of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have been defined differently among different international health organizations. Phenotypic heterogeneity of PCOS also brings about difficulties for its diagnosis and management assessment. Therefore, more efficient biomarkers representing the progression of PCOS are expected to be integrated into the monitoring of management process using metabolomic approaches. METHODS In this prospective randomized controlled trial, 117 PCOS patients were enrolled from December 2016 to September 2017. Classical diagnostic parameters, blood glucose, and metabolome were measured in these patients before and at 2 months and 3 months of different medical interventions. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were built based on multivariate statistical analysis using data at baseline and 3 months' management, and combinational biomarkers with appreciable sensitivity and specificity were selected, which then validated with data collected at 2 months. RESULTS A set of metabolites including glutamic acid, aspartic acid, 1-methylnicotinamide, acetylcarnitine, glycerophosphocholine, and oleamide were filtered out with high performance in representing the improvement through 3-month management of PCOS with high sensitivity and specificity in ROC analysis and validation with other two groups showed an appreciable area under the curve over 0.96. CONCLUSIONS The six metabolites were representative of the remission of PCOS through medical intervention, making them a set of potential biomarkers for assessing the outcome of PCOS management. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03264638.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuesong Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
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Gonzalez Melo M, Fontana AO, Viertl D, Allenbach G, Prior JO, Rotman S, Feichtinger RG, Mayr JA, Costanzo M, Caterino M, Ruoppolo M, Braissant O, Barbey F, Ballhausen D. A knock-in rat model unravels acute and chronic renal toxicity in glutaric aciduria type I. Mol Genet Metab 2021; 134:287-300. [PMID: 34799272 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2021.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Glutaric aciduria type I (GA-I, OMIM # 231670) is an autosomal recessive inborn error of metabolism caused by deficiency of the mitochondrial enzyme glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase (GCDH). The principal clinical manifestation in GA-I patients is striatal injury most often triggered by catabolic stress. Early diagnosis by newborn screening programs improved survival and reduced striatal damage in GA-I patients. However, the clinical phenotype is still evolving in the aging patient population. Evaluation of long-term outcome in GA-I patients recently identified glomerular filtration rate (GFR) decline with increasing age. We recently created the first knock-in rat model for GA-I harboring the mutation p.R411W (c.1231 C>T), corresponding to the most frequent GCDH human mutation p.R402W. In this study, we evaluated the effect of an acute metabolic stress in form of high lysine diet (HLD) on young Gcdhki/ki rats. We further studied the chronic effect of GCDH deficiency on kidney function in a longitudinal study on a cohort of Gcdhki/ki rats by repetitive 68Ga-EDTA positron emission tomography (PET) renography, biochemical and histological analyses. In young Gcdhki/ki rats exposed to HLD, we observed a GFR decline and biochemical signs of a tubulopathy. Histological analyses revealed lipophilic vacuoles, thinning of apical brush border membranes and increased numbers of mitochondria in proximal tubular (PT) cells. HLD also altered OXPHOS activities and proteome in kidneys of Gcdhki/ki rats. In the longitudinal cohort, we showed a progressive GFR decline in Gcdhki/ki rats starting at young adult age and a decline of renal clearance. Histopathological analyses in aged Gcdhki/ki rats revealed tubular dilatation, protein accumulation in PT cells and mononuclear infiltrations. These observations confirm that GA-I leads to acute and chronic renal damage. This raises questions on indication for follow-up on kidney function in GA-I patients and possible therapeutic interventions to avoid renal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Gonzalez Melo
- Pediatric Metabolic Unit, Pediatrics, Woman-Mother-Child Department, University of Lausanne and University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Andrea Orlando Fontana
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Lausanne and Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - David Viertl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Lausanne and Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Gilles Allenbach
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Lausanne and Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - John O Prior
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Lausanne and Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Samuel Rotman
- Service of Clinical Pathology, University of Lausanne and University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - René Günther Feichtinger
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Johannes Adalbert Mayr
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Michele Costanzo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; CEINGE - Biotecnologie, Avanzate s.c.ar.l., 80145 Naples, Italy.
| | - Marianna Caterino
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; CEINGE - Biotecnologie, Avanzate s.c.ar.l., 80145 Naples, Italy.
| | - Margherita Ruoppolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; CEINGE - Biotecnologie, Avanzate s.c.ar.l., 80145 Naples, Italy.
| | - Olivier Braissant
- Service of Clinical Chemistry, University of Lausanne and University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Frederic Barbey
- Department of Immunology, University of Lausanne and University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Diana Ballhausen
- Pediatric Metabolic Unit, Pediatrics, Woman-Mother-Child Department, University of Lausanne and University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Berger RS, Wachsmuth CJ, Waldhier MC, Renner-Sattler K, Thomas S, Chaturvedi A, Niller HH, Bumes E, Hau P, Proescholdt M, Gronwald W, Heuser M, Kreutz M, Oefner PJ, Dettmer K. Lactonization of the Oncometabolite D-2-Hydroxyglutarate Produces a Novel Endogenous Metabolite. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13081756. [PMID: 33916994 PMCID: PMC8067704 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13081756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Somatic mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase give rise to the excessive production
and accumulation of D-2-hydroxyglutarate in certain malignancies. In addition to this well-described
oncometabolite, we discovered a chemically related metabolite, namely 2-hydroxyglutarate-γ-lactone, which is derived directly from 2-hydroxyglutarate. This novel metabolite may impact
the anti-tumor immune response. Abstract In recent years, onco-metabolites like D-2-hydroxyglutarate, which is produced in isocitrate dehydrogenase-mutated tumors, have gained increasing interest. Here, we report a metabolite in human specimens that is closely related to 2-hydroxyglutarate: the intramolecular ester of 2-hydroxyglutarate, 2-hydroxyglutarate-γ-lactone. Using 13C5-L-glutamine tracer analysis, we showed that 2-hydroxyglutarate is the endogenous precursor of 2-hydroxyglutarate-lactone and that there is a high exchange between these two metabolites. Lactone formation does not depend on mutated isocitrate dehydrogenase, but its formation is most probably linked to transport processes across the cell membrane and favored at low environmental pH. Furthermore, human macrophages showed not only striking differences in uptake of 2-hydroxyglutarate and its lactone but also in the enantiospecific hydrolysis of the latter. Consequently, 2-hydroxyglutarate-lactone may play a critical role in the modulation of the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaela S. Berger
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (R.S.B.); (C.J.W.); (M.C.W.); (W.G.); (P.J.O.)
| | - Christian J. Wachsmuth
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (R.S.B.); (C.J.W.); (M.C.W.); (W.G.); (P.J.O.)
| | - Magdalena C. Waldhier
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (R.S.B.); (C.J.W.); (M.C.W.); (W.G.); (P.J.O.)
| | - Kathrin Renner-Sattler
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (K.R.-S.); (S.T.); (M.K.)
| | - Simone Thomas
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (K.R.-S.); (S.T.); (M.K.)
- Regensburg Center for Interventional Immunology, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Anuhar Chaturvedi
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (A.C.); (M.H.)
| | - Hans-Helmut Niller
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany;
| | - Elisabeth Bumes
- Department of Neurology and Wilhelm Sander-NeuroOncology Unit, Regensburg University Hospital, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (E.B.); (P.H.)
| | - Peter Hau
- Department of Neurology and Wilhelm Sander-NeuroOncology Unit, Regensburg University Hospital, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (E.B.); (P.H.)
| | - Martin Proescholdt
- Department of Neurosurgery, Regensburg University Hospital, 93053 Regensburg, Germany;
| | - Wolfram Gronwald
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (R.S.B.); (C.J.W.); (M.C.W.); (W.G.); (P.J.O.)
| | - Michael Heuser
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (A.C.); (M.H.)
| | - Marina Kreutz
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (K.R.-S.); (S.T.); (M.K.)
| | - Peter J. Oefner
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (R.S.B.); (C.J.W.); (M.C.W.); (W.G.); (P.J.O.)
| | - Katja Dettmer
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (R.S.B.); (C.J.W.); (M.C.W.); (W.G.); (P.J.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-941-943-5015
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7
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Mendez LM, Posey RR, Pandolfi PP. The Interplay Between the Genetic and Immune Landscapes of AML: Mechanisms and Implications for Risk Stratification and Therapy. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1162. [PMID: 31781488 PMCID: PMC6856667 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AML holds a unique place in the history of immunotherapy by virtue of being among the first malignancies in which durable remissions were achieved with "adoptive immunotherapy," now known as allogeneic stem cell transplantation. The successful deployment of unselected adoptive cell therapy established AML as a disease responsive to immunomodulation. Classification systems for AML have been refined and expanded over the years in an effort to capture the variability of this heterogeneous disease and risk-stratify patients. Current systems increasingly incorporate information about cytogenetic alterations and genetic mutations. The advent of next generation sequencing technology has enabled the comprehensive identification of recurrent genetic mutations, many with predictive power. Recurrent genetic mutations found in AML have been intensely studied from a cell intrinsic perspective leading to the genesis of multiple, recently approved targeted therapies including IDH1/2-mutant inhibitors and FLT3-ITD/-TKD inhibitors. However, there is a paucity of data on the effects of these targeted agents on the leukemia microenvironment, including the immune system. Recently, the phenomenal success of checkpoint inhibitors and CAR-T cells has re-ignited interest in understanding the mechanisms leading to immune dysregulation and suppression in leukemia, with the objective of harnessing the power of the immune system via novel immunotherapeutics. A paradigm has emerged that places crosstalk with the immune system at the crux of any effective therapy. Ongoing research will reveal how AML genetics inform the composition of the immune microenvironment paving the way for personalized immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes M. Mendez
- Department of Medicine and Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ryan R. Posey
- Department of Medicine and Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Pier Paolo Pandolfi
- Department of Medicine and Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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8
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Bunse L, Pusch S, Bunse T, Sahm F, Sanghvi K, Friedrich M, Alansary D, Sonner JK, Green E, Deumelandt K, Kilian M, Neftel C, Uhlig S, Kessler T, von Landenberg A, Berghoff AS, Marsh K, Steadman M, Zhu D, Nicolay B, Wiestler B, Breckwoldt MO, Al-Ali R, Karcher-Bausch S, Bozza M, Oezen I, Kramer M, Meyer J, Habel A, Eisel J, Poschet G, Weller M, Preusser M, Nadji-Ohl M, Thon N, Burger MC, Harter PN, Ratliff M, Harbottle R, Benner A, Schrimpf D, Okun J, Herold-Mende C, Turcan S, Kaulfuss S, Hess-Stumpp H, Bieback K, Cahill DP, Plate KH, Hänggi D, Dorsch M, Suvà ML, Niemeyer BA, von Deimling A, Wick W, Platten M. Suppression of antitumor T cell immunity by the oncometabolite (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate. Nat Med 2018; 24:1192-1203. [PMID: 29988124 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-018-0095-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 338] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The oncometabolite (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate (R-2-HG) produced by isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutations promotes gliomagenesis via DNA and histone methylation. Here, we identify an additional activity of R-2-HG: tumor cell-derived R-2-HG is taken up by T cells where it induces a perturbation of nuclear factor of activated T cells transcriptional activity and polyamine biosynthesis, resulting in suppression of T cell activity. IDH1-mutant gliomas display reduced T cell abundance and altered calcium signaling. Antitumor immunity to experimental syngeneic IDH1-mutant tumors induced by IDH1-specific vaccine or checkpoint inhibition is improved by inhibition of the neomorphic enzymatic function of mutant IDH1. These data attribute a novel, non-tumor cell-autonomous role to an oncometabolite in shaping the tumor immune microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Bunse
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Clinical Cooperation Unit (CCU) Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Heidelberg University Medical Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases Heidelberg, DKTK, Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Pusch
- Department of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Medical Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- DKTK CCU Neuropathology, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Theresa Bunse
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Clinical Cooperation Unit (CCU) Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases Heidelberg, DKTK, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Felix Sahm
- Department of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Medical Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- DKTK CCU Neuropathology, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Khwab Sanghvi
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Clinical Cooperation Unit (CCU) Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mirco Friedrich
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Clinical Cooperation Unit (CCU) Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dalia Alansary
- Molecular Biophysics, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Jana K Sonner
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Clinical Cooperation Unit (CCU) Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Edward Green
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Clinical Cooperation Unit (CCU) Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katrin Deumelandt
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Clinical Cooperation Unit (CCU) Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Kilian
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Clinical Cooperation Unit (CCU) Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Cyril Neftel
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT and Department of Pathology and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stefanie Uhlig
- FlowCore Mannheim and Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Tobias Kessler
- Department of Neurology, Heidelberg University Medical Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases Heidelberg, DKTK, Heidelberg, Germany
- DKTK CCU Neurooncology, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna von Landenberg
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Clinical Cooperation Unit (CCU) Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna S Berghoff
- DKTK CCU Neurooncology, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- CNS Tumors Unit, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kelly Marsh
- Agios Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Dongwei Zhu
- Agios Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Benedikt Wiestler
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Neuro-Kopf-Zentrum, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael O Breckwoldt
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Clinical Cooperation Unit (CCU) Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Medical Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ruslan Al-Ali
- Max Eder Junior Group on Low Grade Gliomas, Heidelberg University Medical Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simone Karcher-Bausch
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Clinical Cooperation Unit (CCU) Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Iris Oezen
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Clinical Cooperation Unit (CCU) Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Magdalena Kramer
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Clinical Cooperation Unit (CCU) Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jochen Meyer
- Department of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Medical Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- DKTK CCU Neuropathology, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Antje Habel
- Department of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Medical Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- DKTK CCU Neuropathology, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jessica Eisel
- Department of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Medical Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- DKTK CCU Neuropathology, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gernot Poschet
- Center for Organismal Studies, University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Weller
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Preusser
- CNS Tumors Unit, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department for Medicine I, Clinical Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Minou Nadji-Ohl
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stuttgart Clinics, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Niklas Thon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael C Burger
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Neurooncology, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
- DKTK Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Patrick N Harter
- DKTK Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, Frankfurt, Germany
- Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Miriam Ratliff
- DKTK CCU Neurooncology, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
- Neurosurgery Clinic, University Hospital Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Axel Benner
- Division of Biostatistics, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Schrimpf
- Department of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Medical Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- DKTK CCU Neuropathology, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Okun
- Metabolic Center Heidelberg, University Children's Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christel Herold-Mende
- Division of Experimental Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Heidelberg University Medical Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sevin Turcan
- Max Eder Junior Group on Low Grade Gliomas, Heidelberg University Medical Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Kaulfuss
- Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Karen Bieback
- FlowCore Mannheim and Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Daniel P Cahill
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Karl H Plate
- DKTK Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, Frankfurt, Germany
- Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Daniel Hänggi
- Neurosurgery Clinic, University Hospital Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Mario L Suvà
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT and Department of Pathology and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Barbara A Niemeyer
- Molecular Biophysics, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Andreas von Deimling
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Medical Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wick
- Department of Neurology, Heidelberg University Medical Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases Heidelberg, DKTK, Heidelberg, Germany
- DKTK CCU Neurooncology, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Platten
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Clinical Cooperation Unit (CCU) Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
- Department of Neurology, Heidelberg University Medical Center, Heidelberg, Germany.
- National Center for Tumor Diseases Heidelberg, DKTK, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.
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9
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du Moulin M, Thies B, Blohm M, Oh J, Kemper MJ, Santer R, Mühlhausen C. Glutaric Aciduria Type 1 and Acute Renal Failure: Case Report and Suggested Pathomechanisms. JIMD Rep 2017; 39:25-30. [PMID: 28699143 DOI: 10.1007/8904_2017_44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutaric aciduria type 1 (GA1) is caused by deficiency of the mitochondrial matrix enzyme glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase (GCDH), leading to accumulation of glutaric acid (GA) and 3-hydroxyglutaric acid (3OHGA) in tissues and body fluids. During catabolic crises, GA1 patients are prone to the development of striatal necrosis and a subsequent irreversible movement disorder during a time window of vulnerability in early infancy. Thus, GA1 had been considered a pure "cerebral organic aciduria" in the past. Single case reports have indicated the occurrence of acute renal dysfunction in children affected by GA1. In addition, growing evidence arises that GA1 patients may develop chronic renal failure during adulthood independent of the previous occurrence of encephalopathic crises. The underlying mechanisms are yet unknown. Here we report on a 3-year-old GA1 patient who died following the development of acute renal failure most likely due to haemolytic uraemic syndrome associated with a pneumococcal infection. We hypothesise that known GA1 pathomechanisms, namely the endothelial dysfunction mediated by 3OHGA, as well as the transporter mechanisms for the urinary excretion of GA and 3OHGA, are involved in the development of glomerular and tubular dysfunction, respectively, and may contribute to a pre-disposition of GA1 patients to renal disease. We recommend careful differential monitoring of glomerular and tubular renal function in GA1 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel du Moulin
- University Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, Building O45, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Bastian Thies
- University Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, Building O45, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Blohm
- University Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, Building O45, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jun Oh
- University Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, Building O45, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus J Kemper
- University Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, Building O45, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - René Santer
- University Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, Building O45, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Chris Mühlhausen
- University Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, Building O45, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
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10
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Braissant O, Jafari P, Remacle N, Cudré-Cung HP, Do Vale Pereira S, Ballhausen D. Immunolocalization of glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase (GCDH) in adult and embryonic rat brain and peripheral tissues. Neuroscience 2017; 343:355-363. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.10.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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11
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Colín-González AL, Paz-Loyola AL, Serratos IN, Seminotti B, Ribeiro CAJ, Leipnitz G, Souza DO, Wajner M, Santamaría A. The effect of WIN 55,212-2 suggests a cannabinoid-sensitive component in the early toxicity induced by organic acids accumulating in glutaric acidemia type I and in related disorders of propionate metabolism in rat brain synaptosomes. Neuroscience 2015; 310:578-88. [PMID: 26431622 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Several physiological processes in the CNS are regulated by the endocannabinoid system (ECS). Cannabinoid receptors (CBr) and CBr agonists have been involved in the modulation of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAr) activation. Glutaric (GA), 3-hydroxyglutaric (3-OHGA), methylmalonic (MMA) and propionic (PA) acids are endogenous metabolites produced and accumulated in the brain of children affected by severe organic acidemias (OAs) with neurodegeneration. Oxidative stress and excitotoxicity have been involved in the toxic pattern exerted by these organic acids. Studying the early pattern of toxicity exerted by these metabolites is crucial to explain the extent of damage that they can produce in the brain. Herein, we investigated the effects of the synthetic CBr agonist WIN 55,212-2 (WIN) on early markers of GA-, 3-OHGA-, MMA- and PA-induced toxicity in brain synaptosomes from adult (90-day-old) and adolescent (30-day-old) rats. As pre-treatment, WIN exerted protective effects on the GA- and MMA-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, and prevented the reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and lipid peroxidation induced by all metabolites. Our findings support a protective and modulatory role of cannabinoids in the early toxic events elicited by toxic metabolites involved in OAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Colín-González
- Laboratorio de Aminoácidos Excitadores, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, S.S.A., Mexico City, Mexico
| | - A L Paz-Loyola
- Laboratorio de Aminoácidos Excitadores, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, S.S.A., Mexico City, Mexico
| | - I N Serratos
- Laboratorio de Aminoácidos Excitadores, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, S.S.A., Mexico City, Mexico; Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico
| | - B Seminotti
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Sáude, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - C A J Ribeiro
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Sáude, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - G Leipnitz
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Sáude, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - D O Souza
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Sáude, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - M Wajner
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Sáude, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - A Santamaría
- Laboratorio de Aminoácidos Excitadores, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, S.S.A., Mexico City, Mexico.
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12
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Schwob E, Hagos Y, Burckhardt G, Burckhardt BC. Transporters involved in renal excretion of N-carbamoylglutamate, an orphan drug to treat inborn n-acetylglutamate synthase deficiency. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2014; 307:F1373-9. [PMID: 25354943 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00482.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Inborn defects in N-acetylglutamate (NAG) synthase (NAGS) cause a reduction of NAG, an essential cofactor for the initiation of the urea cycle. As a consequence, blood ammonium concentrations are elevated, leading to severe neurological disorders. The orphan drug N-carbamoylglutamate (NCG; Carbaglu), efficiently overcomes NAGS deficiency. However, not much is known about the transporters involved in the uptake, distribution, and elimination of the divalent organic anion NCG. Organic anion-transporting polypeptides (OATPs) as well as organic anion transporters (OATs) working in cooperation with sodium dicarboxylate cotransporter 3 (NaDC3) accept a wide variety of structurally unrelated drugs. To test for possible interactions with OATPs and OATs, the impact of NCG on these transporters in stably transfected human embryonic kidney-293 cells was measured. The two-electrode voltage-clamp technique was used to monitor NCG-mediated currents in Xenopus laevis oocytes that expressed NaDC3. Neither OATPs nor OAT2 and OAT3 interacted with NCG, but OAT1 transported NCG. In addition, NCG was identified as a high-affinity substrate of NaDC3. Preincubation of OAT4-transfected human embryonic kidney-293 cells with NCG showed an increased uptake of estrone sulfate, the reference substrate of OAT4, indicating efflux of NCG by OAT4. In summary, NaDC3 and, to a lesser extent, OAT1 are likely to be responsible for the uptake of NCG from the blood. Efflux of NCG across the luminal membrane into the tubular lumen probably occurs by OAT4 completing renal secretion of this drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Schwob
- Institute of Systemic Physiology and Pathophysiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Yohannes Hagos
- Institute of Systemic Physiology and Pathophysiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Gerhard Burckhardt
- Institute of Systemic Physiology and Pathophysiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Birgitta C Burckhardt
- Institute of Systemic Physiology and Pathophysiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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13
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Mühlhausen C, Salomons GS, Lukacs Z, Struys EA, van der Knaap MS, Ullrich K, Santer R. Combined D2-/L2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria (SLC25A1 deficiency): clinical course and effects of citrate treatment. J Inherit Metab Dis 2014; 37:775-81. [PMID: 24687295 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-014-9702-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Revised: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Combined D,L-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria (DL-2HGA; OMIM #615182) is a rare neurometabolic disorder clinically characterized by muscular hypotonia, severe neurodevelopmental dysfunction, and intractable seizures associated with respiratory distress. Biochemically, DL-2HGA patients excrete increased amounts of D- and L-2-hydroxyglutarate (D2HG and L2HG, respectively), with predominance of D2HG, and α-ketoglutarate, and show a decrease in urinary citrate. Impaired function of the mitochondrial citrate carrier (CIC) due to pathogenic mutations within the SLC25A1 gene has been identified as the underlying molecular cause of the disease. CIC mediates efflux of the mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates citrate and isocitrate in exchange for cytosolic malate. Thus, depletion of cytosolic citrate as well as accumulation of citrate inside mitochondria have been considered to play a role in the pathophysiology of DL-2HGA. Here, we report for the first time on a patient with a genetically confirmed diagnosis of DL-2HGA and treatment with either malate or citrate. During malate treatment, urinary malate concentration increased, but beyond that, neither biochemical nor clinical alterations were observed. In contrast, treatment with citrate led to an increased urinary excretion of TCA cycle intermediates malate and succinate, and by trend to an increased concentration of urinary citrate. Furthermore, excretion of D2HG and L2HG was reduced during citrate treatment. Clinically, the patient showed stabilization with regard to frequency and severity of seizures. Treating DL-2HGA with citrate should be considered in other DL-2HGA patients, and its effects should be studied systematically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Mühlhausen
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany,
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14
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Isasi E, Barbeito L, Olivera-Bravo S. Increased blood-brain barrier permeability and alterations in perivascular astrocytes and pericytes induced by intracisternal glutaric acid. Fluids Barriers CNS 2014; 11:15. [PMID: 25077029 PMCID: PMC4115159 DOI: 10.1186/2045-8118-11-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glutaric acid (GA) is a dicarboxylic acid that accumulates in millimolar concentrations in glutaric acidemia I (GA-I), an inherited neurometabolic childhood disease characterized by extensive neurodegeneration. Vascular dysfunction is a common and early pathological feature in GA-I, although the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. In the present study, we have used a previously-validated rat model of GA-I to determine the effect of GA on the blood- brain barrier (BBB) and the neurovascular unit. Methods Newborn rat pups received a single injection of GA (1 μmol/g) or vehicle into the cisterna magna. BBB permeability was analyzed at 14 and 30 days post injection (DPI) by assessing Evans blue (EB) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) extravasation. Blood vessels and microglia were labeled with tomato lectin. Characterization of EB positive cells was made by double labeling with antibodies to astrocyte and neuronal markers. Immunohistochemistry against aquaporin 4 (AQP4), β receptor of the platelet derived growth factor (PDGFRβ) and laminin was used to recognize astrocyte endfeet, pericytes and basal lamina. Zonula occludens 1 (ZO-1) and occludin striatal expression was assessed by Western blotting. Results Perinatal intracisternal GA administration caused an increased extravasation of free EB, but not of IgG, into the striatal parenchyma at 14 and 30 DPI. EB extravasated through the BBB was internalized exclusively into neurons. GA-injected animals did not show significant changes in the area of small blood vessels in the striatum, but at 30 DPI there was a significant decrease in AQP4, PDGFRβ and laminin positive areas associated with small blood vessels. Occludin and ZO-1 expression in the striatal tissue was unchanged in all conditions analyzed. Conclusions The present study shows a previously-unknown effect of a perinatal administration of a single intracisternal GA injection on BBB permeability and on key components of the neurovascular unit. The results suggest BBB leakage is a pathogenic mechanism and a potential therapeutic target for patients with GA-I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Isasi
- Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, IIBCE, 3318 Italia Av., Montevideo, 11600, Uruguay
| | - Luis Barbeito
- Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Iguá s/n CP, Montevideo, 11400, Uruguay
| | - Silvia Olivera-Bravo
- Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, IIBCE, 3318 Italia Av., Montevideo, 11600, Uruguay
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15
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Pode-Shakked B, Marek-Yagel D, Rubinshtein M, Pessach IM, Paret G, Volkov A, Anikster Y, Lotan D. Glutaric Aciduria type I and acute renal failure - Coincidence or causality? Mol Genet Metab Rep 2014; 1:170-175. [PMID: 27896087 PMCID: PMC5121326 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2014.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2014] [Revised: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutaric Aciduria type I (GA-I) is a rare organic acidemia, caused by mutations in the GCDH gene, and characterized by encephalopathic crises with neurological sequelae. We report herein a patient with GA-I who presented with severe acute renal failure requiring dialysis, following an acute diarrheal illness. Histopathological evaluation demonstrated acute tubular necrosis, and molecular diagnosis revealed the patient to be homozygous for a previously unreported mutation, p.E64D. As renal impairment is not part of the clinical spectrum typical to GA-I, possible associations of renal failure and the underlying inborn error of metabolism are discussed, including recent advancements made in the understanding of the renal transport of glutaric acid and its derivatives during metabolic disturbance in GA-I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Pode-Shakked
- Metabolic Disease Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Dina Marek-Yagel
- Metabolic Disease Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Marina Rubinshtein
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Itai M Pessach
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel; The Talpiot Medical Leadership Program, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Gideon Paret
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Alexander Volkov
- Department of Pathology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Yair Anikster
- Metabolic Disease Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Danny Lotan
- Pediatric Nephrology Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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16
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Acute renal proximal tubule alterations during induced metabolic crises in a mouse model of glutaric aciduria type 1. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2013; 1832:1463-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2013.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2013] [Revised: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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17
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Gokmen-Ozel H, MacDonald A, Daly A, Ashmore C, Preece MA, Hendriksz C, Vijay S, Chakrapani A. Dietary practices in glutaric aciduria type 1 over 16 years. J Hum Nutr Diet 2012; 25:514-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-277x.2012.01269.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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18
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Jafari P, Braissant O, Bonafé L, Ballhausen D. The unsolved puzzle of neuropathogenesis in glutaric aciduria type I. Mol Genet Metab 2011; 104:425-37. [PMID: 21944461 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2011.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2011] [Revised: 08/23/2011] [Accepted: 08/23/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Glutaric aciduria type I (GA-I) is a cerebral organic aciduria caused by deficiency of glutaryl-Co-A dehydrogenase (GCDH). GCDH deficiency leads to accumulation of glutaric acid (GA) and 3-hydroxyglutaric acid (3-OHGA), two metabolites that are believed to be neurotoxic, in brain and body fluids. The disorder usually becomes clinically manifest during a catabolic state (e.g. intercurrent illness) with an acute encephalopathic crisis that results in striatal necrosis and in a permanent dystonic-dyskinetic movement disorder. The results of numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have pointed to three main mechanisms involved in the metabolite-mediated neuronal damage: excitotoxicity, impairment of energy metabolism and oxidative stress. There is evidence that during a metabolic crisis GA and its metabolites are produced endogenously in the CNS and accumulate because of limiting transport mechanisms across the blood-brain barrier. Despite extensive experimental work, the relative contribution of the proposed pathogenic mechanisms remains unclear and specific therapeutic approaches have yet to be developed. Here, we review the experimental evidence and try to delineate possible pathogenetic models and approaches for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paris Jafari
- Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Molecular Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
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19
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Strauss KA, Brumbaugh J, Duffy A, Wardley B, Robinson D, Hendrickson C, Tortorelli S, Moser AB, Puffenberger EG, Rider NL, Morton DH. Safety, efficacy and physiological actions of a lysine-free, arginine-rich formula to treat glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency: focus on cerebral amino acid influx. Mol Genet Metab 2011; 104:93-106. [PMID: 21820344 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2011.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2011] [Accepted: 07/03/2011] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Striatal degeneration from glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (glutaric aciduria type 1, GA1) is associated with cerebral formation and entrapment of glutaryl-CoA and its derivatives that depend on cerebral lysine influx. In 2006 we designed a lysine-free study formula enriched with arginine to selectively block lysine transport across cerebral endothelia and thereby limit glutaryl-CoA production by brain. Between 2006 and present, we treated twelve consecutive children with study formula (LYSx group) while holding all other treatment practices constant. Clinical and biochemical outcomes were compared to 25 GA1 patients (PROx group) treated between 1995 and 2005 with natural protein restriction (dietary lysine/arginine ratio of 1.7±0.3 mg:mg). We used published kinetic parameters of the y+and LAT1 blood-brain barrier transporters to model the influx of amino acids into the brain. Arginine fortification to achieve a mean dietary lysine/arginine ratio of 0.7±0.2 mg:mg was neuroprotective. All 12 LYSx patients are physically and neurologically healthy after 28 aggregate patient-years of follow up (current ages 28±21 months) and there were no adverse events related to formula use. This represents a 36% reduction of neurological risk (95% confidence interval 14-52%, p=0.018) that we can directly attribute to altered amino acid intake. During the first year of life, 20% lower lysine intake and two-fold higher arginine intake by LYSx patients were associated with 50% lower plasma lysine, 3-fold lower plasma lysine/arginine concentration ratio, 42% lower mean calculated cerebral lysine influx, 54% higher calculated cerebral arginine influx, 15-26% higher calculated cerebral influx of several anaplerotic precursors (isoleucine, threonine, methionine, and leucine), 50% less 3-hydroxyglutarate excretion, and a 3-fold lower hospitalization rate (0.8 versus 2.3 hospitalizations per patient per year). The relationship between arginine fortification and plasma lysine indicates that transport competition exists at both cerebrovascular and gastrointestinal barriers, suggesting their co-administration is key to efficacy. Monitoring the ratio between lysine and arginine in diet and plasma may prove a useful strategy for treating children with GA1.
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Brauburger K, Burckhardt G, Burckhardt BC. The sodium-dependent di- and tricarboxylate transporter, NaCT, is not responsible for the uptake of D-, L-2-hydroxyglutarate and 3-hydroxyglutarate into neurons. J Inherit Metab Dis 2011; 34:477-82. [PMID: 21264516 PMCID: PMC3063566 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-010-9268-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2010] [Revised: 12/13/2010] [Accepted: 12/23/2010] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Concentrations of glutarate (GA) and its derivatives such as 3-hydroxyglutarate (3OHGA), D- (D-2OHGA) and L-2-hydroxyglutarate (L-2OHGA) are increased in plasma, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and urine of patients suffering from different forms of organic acidurias. It has been proposed that these derivatives cause neuronal damage in these patients, leading to dystonic and dyskinetic movement disorders. We have recently shown that these compounds are eliminated by the kidneys via the human organic anion transporters, OAT1 and OAT4, and the sodium-dependent dicarboxylate transporter 3, NaDC3. In neurons, where most of the damage occurs, a sodium-dependent citrate transporter, NaCT, has been identified. Therefore, we investigated the impact of GA derivatives on hNaCT by two-electrode voltage clamp and tracer uptake studies. None of these compounds induced substrate-associated currents in hNaCT-expressing Xenopus laevis oocytes nor did GA derivatives inhibit the uptake of citrate, the prototypical substrate of hNaCT. In contrast, D- and L-2OHGA, but not 3OHGA, showed affinities to NaDC3, indicating that D- and L-2OHGA impair the uptake of dicarboxylates into astrocytes thereby possibly interfering with their feeding of tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates to neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Brauburger
- Zentrum Physiologie und Pathophysiologie, Abt. Vegetative Physiologie und Pathophysiologie, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Humboldtallee 23, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Gerhard Burckhardt
- Zentrum Physiologie und Pathophysiologie, Abt. Vegetative Physiologie und Pathophysiologie, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Humboldtallee 23, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Birgitta C. Burckhardt
- Zentrum Physiologie und Pathophysiologie, Abt. Vegetative Physiologie und Pathophysiologie, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Humboldtallee 23, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
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Lamp J, Keyser B, Koeller DM, Ullrich K, Braulke T, Mühlhausen C. Glutaric aciduria type 1 metabolites impair the succinate transport from astrocytic to neuronal cells. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:17777-84. [PMID: 21454630 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.232744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The inherited neurodegenerative disorder glutaric aciduria type 1 (GA1) results from mutations in the gene for the mitochondrial matrix enzyme glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase (GCDH), which leads to elevations of the dicarboxylates glutaric acid (GA) and 3-hydroxyglutaric acid (3OHGA) in brain and blood. The characteristic clinical presentation of GA1 is a sudden onset of dystonia during catabolic situations, resulting from acute striatal injury. The underlying mechanisms are poorly understood, but the high levels of GA and 3OHGA that accumulate during catabolic illnesses are believed to play a primary role. Both GA and 3OHGA are known to be substrates for Na(+)-coupled dicarboxylate transporters, which are required for the anaplerotic transfer of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) intermediate succinate between astrocytes and neurons. We hypothesized that GA and 3OHGA inhibit the transfer of succinate from astrocytes to neurons, leading to reduced TCA cycle activity and cellular injury. Here, we show that both GA and 3OHGA inhibit the uptake of [(14)C]succinate by Na(+)-coupled dicarboxylate transporters in cultured astrocytic and neuronal cells of wild-type and Gcdh(-/-) mice. In addition, we demonstrate that the efflux of [(14)C]succinate from Gcdh(-/-) astrocytic cells mediated by a not yet identified transporter is strongly reduced. This is the first experimental evidence that GA and 3OHGA interfere with two essential anaplerotic transport processes: astrocytic efflux and neuronal uptake of TCA cycle intermediates, which occur between neurons and astrocytes. These results suggest that elevated levels of GA and 3OHGA may lead to neuronal injury and cell death via disruption of TCA cycle activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Lamp
- Children's Hospital, Department of Biochemistry, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
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Hennermann JB, Roloff S, Gellermann J, Grüters A, Klein J. False-positive newborn screening mimicking glutaric aciduria type I in infants with renal insufficiency. J Inherit Metab Dis 2009; 32 Suppl 1:S355-9. [PMID: 20033292 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-009-9017-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2009] [Revised: 11/06/2009] [Accepted: 11/10/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Glutaric aciduria type I (GA I), an autosomal-recessive deficiency of glutaryl-CoA-dehydrogenase, leads to encephalopathic crises resulting in irreversible neurological damage. As early diagnosis and implementation of appropriate treatment has significant benefit for these patients, GA I has been implemented in the extended newborn screening program in several countries. Screening parameter is glutarylcarnitine (C5DC) with its ratios. From 1 January 2005 until 31 December 2008, 173,846 newborns were examined by neonatal screening in our screening center. C5DC and/or at least three C5DC/acylcarnitine ratios were increased in 53 newborns (0.03%) and persisted in 11 infants after recall. GA I was not confirmed in any of these infants, but all 11 infants were suffering from renal insufficiency due to congenital (5/11) or acquired (6/11) renal disease. C5DC was shown to be significantly associated with renal affection and was significantly higher in infants with congenital renal insufficiency than in those with acquired renal insufficiency (p = 0.011). Creatinine correlated significantly with C5DC (p = 0.001) and all C5DC/acylcarnitine ratios, mainly with C5DC/(C8 + C10), C5DC/C0, C5DC/C2, C5DC/C4, and C5DC/C8 (for all: p = 0.001). Glutarylcarnitinemia associated with renal insufficiency has not yet been studied systematically. Renal damage in neonates might lead to disturbances in renal transporter systems of glutaric acid and its metabolites and a decreased excretion of C5DC, thus resulting in an increase of plasma C5DC. Therefore, newborns presenting with a positive screening indicating GA I may be considered not only to suffer from GA I but from renal insufficiency as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia B Hennermann
- Department of Pediatrics, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
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