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Vaz FM, Ferdinandusse S, Salomons GS, Wanders RJA. Disorders of fatty acid homeostasis. J Inherit Metab Dis 2024. [PMID: 38693715 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Humans derive fatty acids (FA) from exogenous dietary sources and/or endogenous synthesis from acetyl-CoA, although some FA are solely derived from exogenous sources ("essential FA"). Once inside cells, FA may undergo a wide variety of different modifications, which include their activation to their corresponding CoA ester, the introduction of double bonds, the 2- and ω-hydroxylation and chain elongation, thereby generating a cellular FA pool which can be used for the synthesis of more complex lipids. The biological properties of complex lipids are very much determined by their molecular composition in terms of the FA incorporated into these lipid species. This immediately explains the existence of a range of genetic diseases in man, often with severe clinical consequences caused by variants in one of the many genes coding for enzymes responsible for these FA modifications. It is the purpose of this review to describe the current state of knowledge about FA homeostasis and the genetic diseases involved. This includes the disorders of FA activation, desaturation, 2- and ω-hydroxylation, and chain elongation, but also the disorders of FA breakdown, including disorders of peroxisomal and mitochondrial α- and β-oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric M Vaz
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Pediatrics, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sacha Ferdinandusse
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Pediatrics, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gajja S Salomons
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Pediatrics, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald J A Wanders
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Pediatrics, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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2
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den Bakker E, Smith DEC, Finken MJJ, Wamelink MMC, Salomons GS, van de Kamp JM, Bökenkamp A. Sulfate: a neglected (but potentially highly relevant) anion. Essays Biochem 2024:EBC20230097. [PMID: 38639060 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20230097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Sulfate is an important anion as sulfonation is essential in modulation of several compounds, such as exogens, polysaccharide chains of proteoglycans, cholesterol or cholesterol derivatives and tyrosine residues of several proteins. Sulfonation requires the presence of both the sulfate donor 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS) and a sulfotransferase. Genetic disorders affecting sulfonation, associated with skeletal abnormalities, impaired neurological development and endocrinopathies, demonstrate the importance of sulfate. Yet sulfate is not measured in clinical practice. This review addresses sulfate metabolism and consequences of sulfonation defects, how to measure sulfate and why we should measure sulfate more often.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emil den Bakker
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Emma Childrens Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Desiree E C Smith
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Martijn J J Finken
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Emma Childrens Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Gajja S Salomons
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jiddeke M van de Kamp
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Arend Bökenkamp
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Emma Childrens Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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3
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Vaz FM, Staps P, van Klinken JB, van Lenthe H, Vervaart M, Wanders RJA, Pras-Raves ML, van Weeghel M, Salomons GS, Ferdinandusse S, Wevers RA, Willemsen MAAP. Discovery of novel diagnostic biomarkers for Sjögren-Larsson syndrome by untargeted lipidomics. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2024; 1869:159447. [PMID: 38181883 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2023.159447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
AIM Sjögren-Larsson syndrome (SLS) is a rare neurometabolic disorder that mainly affects brain, eye and skin and is caused by deficiency of fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase. Our recent finding of a profoundly disturbed brain tissue lipidome in SLS prompted us to search for similar biomarkers in plasma as no functional test in blood is available for SLS. METHODS AND RESULTS We performed plasma lipidomics and used a newly developed bioinformatics tool to mine the untargeted part of the SLS plasma and brain lipidome to search for SLS biomarkers. Plasma lipidomics showed disturbed ether lipid metabolism in known lipid classes. Untargeted lipidomics of both plasma and brain (white and grey matter) uncovered two new endogenous lipid classes highly elevated in SLS. The first biomarker group were alkylphosphocholines/ethanolamines containing different lengths of alkyl-chains where some alkylphosphocholines were > 600-fold elevated in SLS plasma. The second group of biomarkers were a set of 5 features of unknown structure. Fragmentation studies suggested that they contain ubiquinol and phosphocholine and one feature was also found as a glucuronide conjugate in plasma. The plasma features were highly distinctive for SLS with levels >100-1000-fold the level in controls, if present at all. We speculate on the origin of the alkylphosphocholines/ethanolamines and the nature of the ubiquinol-containing metabolites. CONCLUSIONS The metabolites identified in this study represent novel endogenous lipid classes thus far unknown in humans. They represent the first plasma metabolite SLS-biomarkers and may also yield more insight into SLS pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric M Vaz
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pediatrics, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Inborn errors of metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; United for Metabolic Diseases, the Netherlands.
| | - Pippa Staps
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Radboud University Medical Center, Amalia Children's Hospital, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Bert van Klinken
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pediatrics, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Henk van Lenthe
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pediatrics, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Inborn errors of metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Martin Vervaart
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pediatrics, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Inborn errors of metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ronald J A Wanders
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pediatrics, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Inborn errors of metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; United for Metabolic Diseases, the Netherlands
| | - Mia L Pras-Raves
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pediatrics, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Epidemiology & Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Michel van Weeghel
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pediatrics, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Inborn errors of metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gajja S Salomons
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pediatrics, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Inborn errors of metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; United for Metabolic Diseases, the Netherlands
| | - Sacha Ferdinandusse
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pediatrics, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Inborn errors of metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; United for Metabolic Diseases, the Netherlands
| | - Ron A Wevers
- United for Metabolic Diseases, the Netherlands; Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Michèl A A P Willemsen
- United for Metabolic Diseases, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology, Radboud University Medical Center, Amalia Children's Hospital, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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Marten LM, Krätzner R, Salomons GS, Fernandez Ojeda M, Dechent P, Gärtner J, Huppke P, Dreha-Kulaczewski S. Long term follow-up in GAMT deficiency - Correlation of therapy regimen, biochemical and in vivo brain proton MR spectroscopy data. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2024; 38:101053. [PMID: 38469086 PMCID: PMC10926185 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2024.101053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
GAMT deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive disease within the group of cerebral creatine deficiency syndromes. Cerebral creatine depletion and accumulation of guanidinoacetate (GAA) lead to clinical presentation with intellectual disability, seizures, speech disturbances and movement disorders. Treatment consists of daily creatine supplementation to increase cerebral creatine, reduction of arginine intake and supplementation of ornithine for reduction of toxic GAA levels. This study represents the first long-term follow-up over a period of 14 years, with detailed clinical data, biochemical and multimodal neuroimaging findings. Developmental milestones, brain MRI, quantitative single voxel 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and biochemical analyses were assessed. The results reveal insights into the dose dependent effects of creatine/ornithine supplementation and expand the phenotypic spectrum of GAMT deficiency. Of note, the creatine concentrations, which were regularly monitored over a long follow-up period, increased significantly over time, but did not reach age matched control ranges. Our patient is the second reported to show normal neurocognitive outcome after an initial delay, stressing the importance of early diagnosis and treatment initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara M. Marten
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany
| | - Ralph Krätzner
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany
| | - Gajja S. Salomons
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Dept of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases and Dept of Pediatrics Emma Children's Hospital, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Matilde Fernandez Ojeda
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Dept of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases and Dept of Pediatrics Emma Children's Hospital, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Peter Dechent
- MR-Research in Neurosciences, Department of Cognitive Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany
| | - Jutta Gärtner
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany
| | - Peter Huppke
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Jena University Hospital, Germany
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5
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Schomakers BV, Jillings SL, van Weeghel M, Vaz FM, Salomons GS, Janssens GE, Houtkooper RH. Ophthalmic acid is a glutathione regulating tripeptide. FEBS J 2024. [PMID: 38245827 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Since its discovery in 1958 in the lens of cows, ophthalmic acid (OPH) has stood in the shadow of its anti-oxidant analog: glutathione (GSH). Lacking the thiol group that gives GSH many of its important properties, ophthalmic acid's function has remained elusive, and it has been widely presumed to be an accidental product of the same enzymes. In this review, we compile evidence demonstrating that OPH is a ubiquitous metabolite found in bacteria, plants, fungi, and animals, produced through several layers of metabolic regulation. We discuss the limitations of the oft-repeated suggestions that aberrations in OPH levels should solely indicate GSH deficiency or oxidative stress. Finally, we discuss the available literature and suggest OPH's role in metabolism as a GSH-regulating tripeptide; controlling both cellular and organelle influx and efflux of GSH, as well as modulating GSH-dependent reactions and signaling. Ultimately, we hope that this review reinvigorates and directs more research into this versatile metabolite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bauke V Schomakers
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, The Netherlands
- Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sonia L Jillings
- Green Biotechnology, Inholland University of Applied Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michel van Weeghel
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, The Netherlands
- Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frédéric M Vaz
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, The Netherlands
- Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gajja S Salomons
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, The Netherlands
| | - Georges E Janssens
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, The Netherlands
| | - Riekelt H Houtkooper
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, The Netherlands
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6
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Vaz FM, Jamal Y, Barto R, Gelb MH, DeBarber AE, Wevers RA, Nelen MR, Verrips A, Bootsma AH, Bouva MJ, Kleise N, van der Zee W, He T, Salomons GS, Huidekoper HH. Newborn screening for Cerebrotendinous Xanthomatosis: A retrospective biomarker study using both flow-injection and UPLC-MS/MS analysis in 20,000 newborns. Clin Chim Acta 2023; 539:170-174. [PMID: 36529270 PMCID: PMC10387442 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Cerebrotendinous Xanthomatosis (CTX) is a treatable disorder of bile acid synthesis caused by deficiency of 27-sterol hydroxylase -encoded by CYP27A1- leading to gastrointestinal and progressive neuropsychiatric symptoms. Biochemically, CTX is characterized by accumulation of the bile alcohol cholestanetetrol glucuronide (GlcA-tetrol) and the deficiency of tauro-chenodeoxycholic acid (t-CDCA) and tauro-trihydroxycholestanoic acid (t-THCA). MATERIALS AND METHODS To ascertain the feasibility of CTX newborn screening (NBS) we performed a study with deidentified Dutch dried blood spots using reagents and equipment that is frequently used in NBS laboratories. 20,076 deidentified newborn blood spots were subjected to flow-injection (FIA)-MS/MS and UPLC-MS/MS analysis to determine the concentration of GlcA-tetrol and calculate the GlcA-tetrol/t-CDCA and t-THCA/GlcA-tetrol ratios. RESULTS Using UPLC-MS/MS analysis both GlcA-tetrol concentration and/or metabolite ratios GlcA-tetrol/t-CDCA proved to be informative biomarkers; newborn DBS results did not overlap with those of the CTX patients. For FIA-MS/MS, GlcA-tetrol also was an excellent marker but when using the combination of the GlcA-tetrol/t-CDCA and t-THCA/GlcA-tetrol ratios also did not yield any screen positives. CONCLUSION Newborn screening for CTX using only metabolite ratios following the measurement of three CTX biomarkers is possible using either FIA-MS/MS or UPLC-MS/MS, which paves the way for introduction of CTX NBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric M Vaz
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Departments of Clinical Chemistry and Pediatrics, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; United for Metabolic Diseases, the Netherlands.
| | - Youssra Jamal
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Departments of Clinical Chemistry and Pediatrics, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rob Barto
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Departments of Clinical Chemistry and Pediatrics, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Michael H Gelb
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Andrea E DeBarber
- University Shared Resource and Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Ron A Wevers
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Marcel R Nelen
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Aad Verrips
- Department of Neurology, Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Albert H Bootsma
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Departments of Clinical Chemistry and Pediatrics, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marelle J Bouva
- Center for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Nick Kleise
- PerkinElmer / Wallac Oy, Mustionkatu 6, 20750 Turku, Finland
| | | | - Tao He
- PerkinElmer / Wallac Oy, Mustionkatu 6, 20750 Turku, Finland
| | - Gajja S Salomons
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Departments of Clinical Chemistry and Pediatrics, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; United for Metabolic Diseases, the Netherlands
| | - Hidde H Huidekoper
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic Diseases, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; United for Metabolic Diseases, the Netherlands
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7
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Albersen M, van der Beek SL, Dijkstra IME, Alders M, Barendsen RW, Bliek J, Boelen A, Ebberink MS, Ferdinandusse S, Goorden SMI, Heijboer AC, Jansen M, Jaspers YRJ, Metgod I, Salomons GS, Vaz FM, Verschoof-Puite RK, Visser WF, Dekkers E, Engelen M, Kemp S. Sex-specific newborn screening for X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy. J Inherit Metab Dis 2023; 46:116-128. [PMID: 36256460 PMCID: PMC10092852 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Males with X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) are at high risk for developing adrenal insufficiency and/or progressive leukodystrophy (cerebral ALD) at an early age. Pathogenic variants in ABCD1 result in elevated levels of very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA), including C26:0-lysophosphatidylcholine (C26:0-LPC). Newborn screening for ALD enables prospective monitoring and timely therapeutic intervention, thereby preventing irreversible damage and saving lives. The Dutch Health Council recommended to screen only male newborns for ALD without identifying untreatable conditions associated with elevated C26:0-LPC, like Zellweger spectrum disorders and single peroxisomal enzyme defects. Here, we present the results of the SCAN (Screening for ALD in the Netherlands) study which is the first sex-specific newborn screening program worldwide. Males with ALD are identified based on elevated C26:0-LPC levels, the presence of one X-chromosome and a variant in ABCD1, in heel prick dried bloodspots. Screening of 71 208 newborns resulted in the identification of four boys with ALD who, following referral to the pediatric neurologist and confirmation of the diagnosis, enrolled in a long-term follow-up program. The results of this pilot show the feasibility of employing a boys-only screening algorithm that identifies males with ALD without identifying untreatable conditions. This approach will be of interest to countries that are considering ALD newborn screening but are reluctant to identify girls with ALD because for girls there is no direct health benefit. We also analyzed whether gestational age, sex, birth weight and age at heel prick blood sampling affect C26:0-LPC concentrations and demonstrate that these covariates have a minimal effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique Albersen
- Endocrine Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Samantha L van der Beek
- Reference Laboratory for Neonatal Screening, Center for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Inge M E Dijkstra
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mariëlle Alders
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rinse W Barendsen
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jet Bliek
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anita Boelen
- Endocrine Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Merel S Ebberink
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sacha Ferdinandusse
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Susan M I Goorden
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annemieke C Heijboer
- Endocrine Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Endocrine Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mandy Jansen
- Department for Vaccine Supply and Prevention Programs, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Yorrick R J Jaspers
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ingrid Metgod
- Endocrine Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gajja S Salomons
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Leukodystrophy Center, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frédéric M Vaz
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rendelien K Verschoof-Puite
- Department for Vaccine Supply and Prevention Programs, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter F Visser
- Reference Laboratory for Neonatal Screening, Center for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Eugènie Dekkers
- Center for Population Screening, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Marc Engelen
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Leukodystrophy Center, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stephan Kemp
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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8
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Bögershausen N, Krawczyk HE, Jamra RA, Lin SJ, Yigit G, Hüning I, Polo AM, Vona B, Huang K, Schmidt J, Altmüller J, Luppe J, Platzer K, Dörgeloh BB, Busche A, Biskup S, Mendes MI, Smith DEC, Salomons GS, Zibat A, Bültmann E, Nürnberg P, Spielmann M, Lemke JR, Li Y, Zenker M, Varshney GK, Hillen HS, Kratz CP, Wollnik B. WARS1 and SARS1: Two tRNA synthetases implicated in autosomal recessive microcephaly. Hum Mutat 2022; 43:1454-1471. [PMID: 35790048 DOI: 10.1002/humu.24430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Aminoacylation of transfer RNA (tRNA) is a key step in protein biosynthesis, carried out by highly specific aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs). ARSs have been implicated in autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive human disorders. Autosomal dominant variants in tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase 1 (WARS1) are known to cause distal hereditary motor neuropathy and Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, but a recessively inherited phenotype is yet to be clearly defined. Seryl-tRNA synthetase 1 (SARS1) has rarely been implicated in an autosomal recessive developmental disorder. Here, we report five individuals with biallelic missense variants in WARS1 or SARS1, who presented with an overlapping phenotype of microcephaly, developmental delay, intellectual disability, and brain anomalies. Structural mapping showed that the SARS1 variant is located directly within the enzyme's active site, most likely diminishing activity, while the WARS1 variant is located in the N-terminal domain. We further characterize the identified WARS1 variant by showing that it negatively impacts protein abundance and is unable to rescue the phenotype of a CRISPR/Cas9 wars1 knockout zebrafish model. In summary, we describe two overlapping autosomal recessive syndromes caused by variants in WARS1 and SARS1, present functional insights into the pathogenesis of the WARS1-related syndrome and define an emerging disease spectrum: ARS-related developmental disorders with or without microcephaly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Bögershausen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Hannah E Krawczyk
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Rami A Jamra
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sheng-Jia Lin
- Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Gökhan Yigit
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Irina Hüning
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Anna M Polo
- MVZ Labor Krone, Filialpraxis für Humangenetik, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Barbara Vona
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLab, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Kevin Huang
- Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Julia Schmidt
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Janine Altmüller
- Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Core Facility Genomics, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes Luppe
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Konrad Platzer
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Beate B Dörgeloh
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas Busche
- Institut für Humangenetik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Saskia Biskup
- CeGaT GmbH, Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marisa I Mendes
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Desiree E C Smith
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Gajja S Salomons
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Arne Zibat
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Eva Bültmann
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Peter Nürnberg
- Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Malte Spielmann
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Johannes R Lemke
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Yun Li
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Martin Zenker
- Institute of Human Genetics, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Gaurav K Varshney
- Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Hauke S Hillen
- Research Group Structure and Function of Molecular Machines, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany.,Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: From Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable cells" (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christian P Kratz
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Bernd Wollnik
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: From Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable cells" (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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9
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Loh TP, Greaves RF, Mak CM, Salomons GS, Bonham JR, Lang T. Impact of COVID-19 on Pediatric Laboratory Medicine: An IFCC C-ETPLM, SSIEM, ISNS Global Survey. EJIFCC 2022; 33:194-208. [PMID: 36313903 PMCID: PMC9562476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pediatric laboratory medicine is a unique practice serving a vulnerable group of patients including highly specialized testing aiming to detect and treat inherited conditions early to avoid adverse outcomes. Data on the actual impact of COVID-19 pandemic on this speciality is lacking. METHODS A survey was conducted by the IFCC Committee on Emerging Technologies in Pediatric Laboratory Medicine in partnership with the Society for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism and International Society for Neonatal Screening, to assess the impact on the clinical service provision during the initial wave (January to July 2020) of the COVID-19 pandemic and to gather experiences learned in order to improve laboratory preparedness for future outbreaks. RESULTS 217 survey responses were received from 69 regions. Sixty-three laboratories (29%) reported a restriction or suspension of service for a median period of four months. The common tests/ services suspended were new-born screening program, body fluids and sweat testing. The reasons for the suspension were related to bio-safety risks of COVID-19 transmission, manpower constraints and supplies disruption. A minority (9-10%) of laboratories did observe delayed/missed diagnoses or a more severe presentation of a clinical disorder. The critical operational decisions that helped manage the initial wave of COVID-19 included modifying work shift patterns, split-teams arrangement, use of personal protection equipment and social distancing. CONCLUSION The provision and delivery of pediatric laboratories services were affected during the initial wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Manpower preparedness for future potential disruptions to pediatric laboratory services is a key finding and recommendation from this survey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tze Ping Loh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore,Corresponding authors: Dr. Tze Ping Loh 5 Lower Kent Ridge Road Singapore 119074 Phone: (+65) 67724345 Fax: (+65) 67771613 E-mail:
| | - Ronda F. Greaves
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Victoria, Australia
| | - Chloe M. Mak
- Division of Chemical Pathology, Hong Kong Children’s Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Gajja S. Salomons
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Metabolic Unit, VU University Medical Center & Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - James R. Bonham
- Pharmacy, Diagnostics and Genetics, Sheffield Children’s Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Tim Lang
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Hospital of North Durham, United Kingdom
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10
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Leidi A, Previtali R, Parazzini C, Raviglione F, Carelli S, Mendes MI, Salomons GS, Iascone M, Tonduti D. Correspondence on "Expanded phenotype of AARS1-related white matter disease" by Helman et al. Genet Med 2022; 24:1152-1153. [PMID: 35168888 DOI: 10.1016/j.gim.2022.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Leidi
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "L. Sacco", University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Previtali
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "L. Sacco", University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Cecilia Parazzini
- Pediatric Radiology and Neuroradiology Department, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy; COALA (Center for diagnosis and treatment of leukodystrophies), Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Stephana Carelli
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "L. Sacco", University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Pediatric Clinical Research Center Fondazione Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Marisa I Mendes
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gajja S Salomons
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Iascone
- Molecular Genetics Section, Medical Genetics Laboratory, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Davide Tonduti
- COALA (Center for diagnosis and treatment of leukodystrophies), Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy; Child Neurology Unit, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy.
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11
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Tjon JK, Lakeman P, van Leeuwen E, Waisfisz Q, Weiss MM, Tan-Sindhunata GMB, Nikkels PGJ, van der Voorn PJP, Salomons GS, Burchell GL, Linskens IH, van der Knoop BJ, de Vries JIP. Fetal akinesia deformation sequence and massive perivillous fibrin deposition resulting in fetal death in six fetuses from one consanguineous couple, including literature review. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2021; 9:e1827. [PMID: 34636181 PMCID: PMC8606203 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Massive perivillous fibrin deposition (MPFD) is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes and is mainly caused by maternal factors with limited involvement of fetal or genetic causes. We present one consanguineous couple with six fetuses developing Fetal Akinesia Deformation Sequence (FADS) and MPFD, with a possible underlying genetic cause. This prompted a literature review on prevalence of FADS and MPFD. Methods Fetal ultrasound examination, motor assessment, genetic testing, postmortem examination, and placenta histology are presented (2009–2019). Literature was reviewed for the association between congenital anomalies and MPFD. Results All six fetuses developed normally during the first trimester. Thereafter, growth restriction, persistent flexed position, abnormal motility, and contractures in 4/6, consistent with FADS occurred. All placentas showed histologically confirmed MPFD. Genetic analyses in the five available cases showed homozygosity for two variants of unknown significance in two genes, VARS1 (OMIM*192150) and ABCF1 (OMIM*603429). Both parents are heterozygous for these variants. From 63/1999 manuscripts, 403 fetal outcomes were mobilized. In 14/403 fetuses, congenital abnormalities in association with MPFD were seen of which two fetuses with contractures/FADS facial anomalies. Conclusion The low prevalence of fetal contractures/FADS facial anomalies in association with MPFD in the literature review supports the possible fetal or genetic contribution causing FADS and MPFD in our family. This study with literature review supports the finding that fetal, fetoplacental, and/or genetic components may play a role in causing a part of MPFDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill K Tjon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Phillis Lakeman
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth van Leeuwen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Quinten Waisfisz
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marjan M Weiss
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gita M B Tan-Sindhunata
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter G J Nikkels
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Gajja S Salomons
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - George L Burchell
- Medical Library, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ingeborg H Linskens
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bloeme J van der Knoop
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna I P de Vries
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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12
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Ravel JM, Dreumont N, Mosca P, Smith DEC, Mendes MI, Wiedemann A, Coelho D, Schmitt E, Rivière JB, Tran Mau-Them F, Thevenon J, Kuentz P, Polivka M, Fuchs SA, Kok G, Thauvin-Robinet C, Guéant JL, Salomons GS, Faivre L, Feillet F. A bi-allelic loss-of-function SARS1 variant in children with neurodevelopmental delay, deafness, cardiomyopathy, and decompensation during fever. Hum Mutat 2021; 42:1576-1583. [PMID: 34570399 DOI: 10.1002/humu.24285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRS) are ubiquitously expressed enzymes responsible for ligating amino acids to their cognate tRNA molecules through an aminoacylation reaction. The resulting aminoacyl-tRNA is delivered to ribosome elongation factors to participate in protein synthesis. Seryl-tRNA synthetase (SARS1) is one of the cytosolic aaRSs and catalyzes serine attachment to tRNASer . SARS1 deficiency has already been associated with moderate intellectual disability, ataxia, muscle weakness, and seizure in one family. We describe here a new clinical presentation including developmental delay, central deafness, cardiomyopathy, and metabolic decompensation during fever leading to death, in a consanguineous Turkish family, with biallelic variants (c.638G>T, p.(Arg213Leu)) in SARS1. This missense variant was shown to lead to protein instability, resulting in reduced protein level and enzymatic activity. Our results describe a new clinical entity and expand the clinical and mutational spectrum of SARS1 and aaRS deficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Marie Ravel
- Reference Centre of Inborn Metabolism Diseases, Université de Lorraine, CHRU-Nancy, Nancy, France.,NGERE, Université de Lorraine, Inserm, Nancy, France
| | | | - Pauline Mosca
- NGERE, Université de Lorraine, Inserm, Nancy, France
| | - Desiree E C Smith
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marisa I Mendes
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - David Coelho
- NGERE, Université de Lorraine, Inserm, Nancy, France
| | | | - Jean-Baptiste Rivière
- Unité Fonctionnelle Innovation en Diagnostic génomique des maladies rares, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France.,Centre de Génétique, Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, Centre de Compétence Maladies Mitochondriales, FHU TRANSLAD, Hôpital d'Enfants, CHU de Dijon, France.,INSERM UMR1231, Equipe Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Frédéric Tran Mau-Them
- Unité Fonctionnelle Innovation en Diagnostic génomique des maladies rares, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France.,Centre de Génétique, Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, Centre de Compétence Maladies Mitochondriales, FHU TRANSLAD, Hôpital d'Enfants, CHU de Dijon, France.,INSERM UMR1231, Equipe Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Julien Thevenon
- Unité Fonctionnelle Innovation en Diagnostic génomique des maladies rares, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France.,Centre de Génétique, Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, Centre de Compétence Maladies Mitochondriales, FHU TRANSLAD, Hôpital d'Enfants, CHU de Dijon, France.,INSERM UMR1231, Equipe Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Paul Kuentz
- Centre de Génétique, Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, Centre de Compétence Maladies Mitochondriales, FHU TRANSLAD, Hôpital d'Enfants, CHU de Dijon, France.,INSERM UMR1231, Equipe Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Marc Polivka
- Department of Pathology, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris, France
| | - Sabine A Fuchs
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, Regenerative Medicine Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,On behalf of "United for Metabolic Diseases,", Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gautam Kok
- Department of Pathology, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris, France
| | - Christel Thauvin-Robinet
- Unité Fonctionnelle Innovation en Diagnostic génomique des maladies rares, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France.,Centre de Génétique, Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, Centre de Compétence Maladies Mitochondriales, FHU TRANSLAD, Hôpital d'Enfants, CHU de Dijon, France.,INSERM UMR1231, Equipe Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Jean-Louis Guéant
- Reference Centre of Inborn Metabolism Diseases, Université de Lorraine, CHRU-Nancy, Nancy, France.,NGERE, Université de Lorraine, Inserm, Nancy, France
| | - Gajja S Salomons
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Laurence Faivre
- Centre de Génétique, Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, Centre de Compétence Maladies Mitochondriales, FHU TRANSLAD, Hôpital d'Enfants, CHU de Dijon, France.,INSERM UMR1231, Equipe Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - François Feillet
- Reference Centre of Inborn Metabolism Diseases, Université de Lorraine, CHRU-Nancy, Nancy, France.,NGERE, Université de Lorraine, Inserm, Nancy, France
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13
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Minenkova A, Jansen EEW, Cameron J, Barto R, Hurd T, MacNeil L, Salomons GS, Mercimek-Andrews S. Is impaired energy production a novel insight into the pathogenesis of pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy due to biallelic variants in ALDH7A1? PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257073. [PMID: 34495967 PMCID: PMC8425566 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy (PDE) is due to biallelic variants in ALDH7A1 (PDE-ALDH7A1). ALDH7A1 encodes α-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase in lysine catabolism. We investigated the gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) metabolism and energy production pathways in human PDE-ALDH7A1 and its knock-out aldh7a1 zebrafish model. Methods We measured GABA pathway, and tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolites and electron transport chain activities in patients with PDE-ALDH7A1 and in knock-out aldh7a1 zebrafish. Results We report results of three patients with PDE-ALDH7A1: low paired complex I+II and complex II+III and individual complex IV activities in muscle biopsy in patient 1 (likely more severe phenotype); significantly elevated CSF glutamate in the GABA pathway and elevated CSF citrate, succinate, isocitrate and α-ketoglutarate in the TCA cycle in patient 3 (likely more severe phenotype); and normal CSF GABA pathway and TCA cycle metabolites on long-term pyridoxine therapy in patient 2 (likely milder phenotype). All GABA pathway metabolites (γ-hydroxybutyrate, glutamine, glutamate, total GABA, succinic semialdehyde) and TCA cycle metabolites (citrate, malate, fumarate, isocitrate, lactate) were significantly low in the homozygous knock-out aldh7a1 zebrafish compared to the wildtype zebrafish. Homozygous knock-out aldh7a1 zebrafish had decreased electron transport chain enzyme activities compared to wildtype zebrafish. Discussion We report impaired electron transport chain function, accumulation of glutamate in the central nervous system and TCA cycle dysfunction in human PDE-ALDH7A1 and abnormal GABA pathway, TCA cycle and electron transport chain in knock-out aldh7a1 zebrafish. Central nervous system glutamate toxicity and impaired energy production may play important roles in the disease neuropathogenesis and severity in human PDE-ALDH7A1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Minenkova
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Erwin E. W. Jansen
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jessie Cameron
- Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Pediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pediatric Laboratory Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rob Barto
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Hurd
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lauren MacNeil
- Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Pediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Gajja S. Salomons
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Saadet Mercimek-Andrews
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
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14
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Helman G, Mendes MI, Nicita F, Darbelli L, Sherbini O, Moore T, Derksen A, Amy Pizzino, Carrozzo R, Torraco A, Catteruccia M, Aiello C, Goffrini P, Figuccia S, Smith DEC, Hadzsiev K, Hahn A, Biskup S, Brösse I, Kotzaeridou U, Gauck D, Grebe TA, Elmslie F, Stals K, Gupta R, Bertini E, Thiffault I, Taft RJ, Schiffmann R, Brandl U, Haack TB, Salomons GS, Simons C, Bernard G, van der Knaap MS, Vanderver A, Husain RA. Expanded phenotype of AARS1-related white matter disease. Genet Med 2021; 23:2352-2359. [PMID: 34446925 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-021-01286-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Recent reports of individuals with cytoplasmic transfer RNA (tRNA) synthetase-related disorders have identified cases with phenotypic variability from the index presentations. We sought to assess phenotypic variability in individuals with AARS1-related disease. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was performed on individuals with biallelic variants in AARS1. Clinical data, neuroimaging, and genetic testing results were reviewed. Alanyl tRNA synthetase (AlaRS) activity was measured in available fibroblasts. RESULTS We identified 11 affected individuals. Two phenotypic presentations emerged, one with early infantile-onset disease resembling the index cases of AARS1-related epileptic encephalopathy with deficient myelination (n = 7). The second (n = 4) was a later-onset disorder, where disease onset occurred after the first year of life and was characterized on neuroimaging by a progressive posterior predominant leukoencephalopathy evolving to include the frontal white matter. AlaRS activity was significantly reduced in five affected individuals with both early infantile-onset and late-onset phenotypes. CONCLUSION We suggest that variants in AARS1 result in a broader clinical spectrum than previously appreciated. The predominant form results in early infantile-onset disease with epileptic encephalopathy and deficient myelination. However, a subgroup of affected individuals manifests with late-onset disease and similarly rapid progressive clinical decline. Longitudinal imaging and clinical follow-up will be valuable in understanding factors affecting disease progression and outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Helman
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Marisa I Mendes
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Francesco Nicita
- Department of Neurosciences, Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Lama Darbelli
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Omar Sherbini
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Travis Moore
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alexa Derksen
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Amy Pizzino
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rosalba Carrozzo
- Department of Neurosciences, Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Torraco
- Department of Neurosciences, Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Michela Catteruccia
- Department of Neurosciences, Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Aiello
- Department of Neurosciences, Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Goffrini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Sonia Figuccia
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Desiree E C Smith
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kinga Hadzsiev
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Andreas Hahn
- Department of Child Neurology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Saskia Biskup
- Praxis fuer Humangenetik and CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Ines Brösse
- Division of Child Neurology and Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Centre for Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Urania Kotzaeridou
- Division of Child Neurology and Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Centre for Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Darja Gauck
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Theresa A Grebe
- Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Child Health, Phoenix Children's Hospital, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Frances Elmslie
- South West Thames Regional Genetics Service, St George's University Hospital, London, UK
| | - Karen Stals
- Molecular Genetics Department, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK
| | - Rajat Gupta
- Department of Neurology, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Enrico Bertini
- Department of Neurosciences, Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Isabelle Thiffault
- Children's Mercy Kansas City, Center for Pediatric Genomic Medicine, Kansas City, MO, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospitals, Kansas City, MO, USA.,School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | | | | | - Ulrich Brandl
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Tobias B Haack
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Gajja S Salomons
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cas Simons
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Geneviève Bernard
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Marjo S van der Knaap
- Department of Child Neurology, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Functional Genomics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Adeline Vanderver
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA. .,Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Ralf A Husain
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
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15
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Botta E, Theil AF, Raams A, Caligiuri G, Giachetti S, Bione S, Accadia M, Lombardi A, Smith DEC, Mendes MI, Swagemakers SMA, van der Spek PJ, Salomons GS, Hoeijmakers JHJ, Yesodharan D, Nampoothiri S, Ogi T, Lehmann AR, Orioli D, Vermeulen W. Protein instability associated with AARS1 and MARS1 mutations causes Trichothiodystrophy. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 30:1711-1720. [PMID: 33909043 PMCID: PMC8411986 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Trichothiodystrophy (TTD) is a rare hereditary neurodevelopmental disorder defined by sulfur-deficient brittle hair and nails and scaly skin, but with otherwise remarkably variable clinical features. The photosensitive TTD (PS-TTD) forms exhibits in addition to progressive neuropathy and other features of segmental accelerated aging and is associated with impaired genome maintenance and transcription. New factors involved in various steps of gene expression have been identified for the different non-photosensitive forms of TTD (NPS-TTD), which do not appear to show features of premature aging. Here, we identify alanyl-tRNA synthetase 1 and methionyl-tRNA synthetase 1 variants as new gene defects that cause NPS-TTD. These variants result in the instability of the respective gene products alanyl- and methionyl-tRNA synthetase. These findings extend our previous observations that TTD mutations affect the stability of the corresponding proteins and emphasize this phenomenon as a common feature of TTD. Functional studies in skin fibroblasts from affected individuals demonstrate that these new variants also impact on the rate of tRNA charging, which is the first step in protein translation. The extension of reduced abundance of TTD factors to translation as well as transcription redefines TTD as a syndrome in which proteins involved in gene expression are unstable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Botta
- Istituto di Genetica Molecolare "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza" (IGM) CNR, Via Abbiategrasso 207, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Arjan F Theil
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Oncode Institute, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anja Raams
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Oncode Institute, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Giuseppina Caligiuri
- Istituto di Genetica Molecolare "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza" (IGM) CNR, Via Abbiategrasso 207, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Sarah Giachetti
- Istituto di Genetica Molecolare "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza" (IGM) CNR, Via Abbiategrasso 207, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Silvia Bione
- Istituto di Genetica Molecolare "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza" (IGM) CNR, Via Abbiategrasso 207, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria Accadia
- Medical Genetics Service, Hospital "Cardinale G. Panico", Via San Pio X Tricase, Italy
| | - Anita Lombardi
- Istituto di Genetica Molecolare "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza" (IGM) CNR, Via Abbiategrasso 207, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Desiree E C Smith
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marisa I Mendes
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sigrid M A Swagemakers
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Bioinformatics Unit, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter J van der Spek
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Bioinformatics Unit, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gajja S Salomons
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan H J Hoeijmakers
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Oncode Institute, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Oncode Institute, 3584 CS Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Institute for Genome Stability in Ageing and Disease, CECAD Forschungszentrum, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Dhanya Yesodharan
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, AIMS Ponekkara PO, Cochin 682041, Kerala, India
| | - Sheela Nampoothiri
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, AIMS Ponekkara PO, Cochin 682041, Kerala, India
| | - Tomoo Ogi
- Department of Genetics, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (RIeM), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan/Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Alan R Lehmann
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9RQ, UK
| | - Donata Orioli
- Istituto di Genetica Molecolare "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza" (IGM) CNR, Via Abbiategrasso 207, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Wim Vermeulen
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Oncode Institute, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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16
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Saarenheimo J, Wahid N, Eigeliene N, Ravi R, Salomons GS, Ojeda MF, Vijzelaar R, Jekunen A, van Kuilenburg ABP. Preemptive screening of DPYD as part of clinical practice: high prevalence of a novel exon 4 deletion in the Finnish population. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2021; 87:657-663. [PMID: 33544210 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-021-04236-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Capecitabine is a fluoropyrimidine that is widely used as a cancer drug for the treatment of patients with a variety of cancers. Unfortunately, early onset, severe or life-threatening toxicity is observed in 19-32% of patients treated with capecitabine and 5FU. Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the degradation of 5FU and a DPD deficiency has been shown to be a major determinant of severe fluoropyrimidine-associated toxicity. DPD is encoded by the DPYD gene and some of the identified variants have been described to cause DPD deficiency. Preemptive screening for DPYD gene alterations enables the identification of DPD-deficient patients before administering fluoropyrimidines. In this article, we describe the application of upfront DPD screening in Finnish patients, as a part of daily clinical practice, which was based on a comprehensive DPYD gene analysis, measurements of enzyme activity and plasma uracil concentrations. Almost 8% of the patients (13 of 167 patients) presented with pathogenic DPYD variants causing DPD deficiency. The DPD deficiency in these patients was further confirmed via analysis of the DPD activity and plasma uracil levels. Interestingly, we identified a novel intragenic deletion in DPYD which includes exon 4 in four patients (31% of patients carrying a pathogenic variant). The high prevalence of the exon 4 deletion among Finnish patients highlights the importance of full-scale DPYD gene analysis. Based on the literature and our own experience, genotype preemptive screening should always be used to detect DPD-deficient patients before fluoropyrimidine therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jatta Saarenheimo
- Department of Pathology, Vasa Central Hospital, Hietalahdenkatu 2-4, 65130, Vaasa, Finland.
| | - Nesna Wahid
- Department of Oncology, Vasa Central Hospital, Vaasa, Finland
| | - Natalja Eigeliene
- Department of Oncology, Vasa Central Hospital, Vaasa, Finland.,Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Gajja S Salomons
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry& Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases & Department of Paediatric Metabolic Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Matilde Fernandez Ojeda
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry& Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases & Department of Paediatric Metabolic Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Antti Jekunen
- Department of Oncology, Vasa Central Hospital, Vaasa, Finland.,Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - André B P van Kuilenburg
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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17
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Fröhlich D, Mendes MI, Kueh AJ, Bongers A, Herold MJ, Salomons GS, Housley GD, Klugmann M. A Hypomorphic Dars1 D367Y Model Recapitulates Key Aspects of the Leukodystrophy HBSL. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 14:625879. [PMID: 33551752 PMCID: PMC7855723 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.625879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypomyelination with brain stem and spinal cord involvement and leg spasticity (HBSL) is a leukodystrophy caused by missense mutations of the aspartyl-tRNA synthetase-encoding gene DARS1. The clinical picture includes the regression of acquired motor milestones, spasticity, ataxia, seizures, nystagmus, and intellectual disabilities. Morphologically, HBSL is characterized by a distinct pattern of hypomyelination in the central nervous system including the anterior brainstem, the cerebellar peduncles and the supratentorial white matter as well as the dorsal columns and the lateral corticospinal tracts of the spinal cord. Adequate HBSL animal models are lacking. Dars1 knockout mice are embryonic lethal precluding examination of the etiology. To address this, we introduced the HBSL-causing Dars1 D367Y point mutation into the mouse genome. Surprisingly, mice carrying this mutation homozygously were phenotypically normal. As hypomorphic mutations are more severe in trans to a deletion, we crossed Dars1 D367Y/D367Y mice with Dars1-null carriers. The resulting Dars1 D367Y/- offspring displayed a strong developmental delay compared to control Dars1 D367Y/+ littermates, starting during embryogenesis. Only a small fraction of Dars1 D367Y/- mice were born, and half of these mice died with hydrocephalus during the first 3 weeks of life. Of the few Dars1 D367Y/- mice that were born at term, 25% displayed microphthalmia. Throughout postnatal life, Dars1 D367Y/- mice remained smaller and lighter than their Dars1 D367Y/+ littermates. Despite this early developmental deficit, once they made it through early adolescence Dars1 D367Y/- mice were phenotypically inconspicuous for most of their adult life, until they developed late onset motor deficits as well as vacuolization and demyelination of the spinal cord white matter. Expression levels of the major myelin proteins were reduced in Dars1 D367Y/- mice compared to controls. Taken together, Dars1 D367Y/- mice model aspects of the clinical picture of the corresponding missense mutation in HBSL. This model will enable studies of late onset deficits, which is precluded in Dars1 knockout mice, and can be leveraged to test potential HBSL therapeutics including DARS1 gene replacement therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Fröhlich
- Translational Neuroscience Facility & Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Marisa I. Mendes
- Metabolic Unit/Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Andrew J. Kueh
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Andre Bongers
- Biomedical Resources Imaging Laboratory, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Marco J. Herold
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Gajja S. Salomons
- Metabolic Unit/Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Gary D. Housley
- Translational Neuroscience Facility & Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Matthias Klugmann
- Translational Neuroscience Facility & Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
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18
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Walters DC, Jansen EEW, Salomons GS, Arning E, Ashcraft P, Bottiglieri T, Roullet JB, Gibson KM. Preferential accumulation of the active S-(+) isomer in murine retina highlights novel mechanisms of vigabatrin-associated retinal toxicity. Epilepsy Res 2020; 170:106536. [PMID: 33385945 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2020.106536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
((S)-(+)/(R)-(-)) vigabatrin (SabrilR; γ-vinyl GABA), an antiepileptic irreversibly inactivating GABA-transaminase, was administered to male C57Bl6 J mice via continuous infusion (0, 40, 80 mg/kg/d) for 12 days. Our study design pooled retina, eye (minus retina), whole brain and plasma from n = 24 animals for each dose to provide n = 8 triplicates per treatment group. Hypothesizing that (S)-(+) VGB (active isomer) would preferentially accumulate in retina, we determined VGB isomers, comprehensive amino acids, and pharmacokinetic parameters. In brain, eye and plasma, the ((S)-(+)/(R)-(-)) ratio varied from 0.73 to 1.29 and 13.3 in retina, accompanied by a partition coefficient (tissue/plasma, ((S)-(+);(R)-(-))) of 5.8;0.34, 0.63;0.49, and 0.51;0.34 in retina, eye and brain, respectively. Racemic VGB (nmol/g; plasma, nmol/mL, range of means for dose) content was: retina, 25-36; eye (minus retina), 4.8-8.0; brain, 3.1-6.8 and plasma, 8.7-14.9. GABA tissue content (nmol/g) was 1246-3335, 18-64 and 2615-3200 as a function of VGB dose for retina, eye (minus retina) and brain, respectively. The retinal glial cell toxin 2-aminoadipic acid also increased with VGB dose (76-96 nmol/g). Partitioning of active (S)-(+) VGB to retina suggests the involvement of a stereospecific transporter, the identification of which could reveal new therapeutic paradigms that might mitigate VGB's well-known retinal toxicity and expand its clinical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana C Walters
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Erwin E W Jansen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Metabolic Unit, VU University Medical Center & Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gajja S Salomons
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Metabolic Unit, VU University Medical Center & Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Erland Arning
- Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Paula Ashcraft
- Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Teodoro Bottiglieri
- Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jean-Baptiste Roullet
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - K Michael Gibson
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA.
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19
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Tabolacci E, Molinario C, Marangi G, Nobile V, Arena V, Mendes MI, Smith DEC, Salomons GS, Tana M, Costa S, Vento G, Genuardi M. Infantile Liver Failure Syndrome 1 associated with a novel variant of the LARS1 gene: Clinical, genetic, and functional characterization. Clin Genet 2020; 99:601-603. [PMID: 33314043 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Tabolacci
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Dipartimento Universitario Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Sezione di Medicina Genomica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Clelia Molinario
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Dipartimento Universitario Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Sezione di Medicina Genomica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Marangi
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Dipartimento Universitario Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Sezione di Medicina Genomica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Veronica Nobile
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Dipartimento Universitario Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Sezione di Medicina Genomica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Arena
- Department of Woman, Child Health and Public Health, Area of Pathology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Dipartimento Universitario Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Sezione di Anatomia Patologica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Marisa I Mendes
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Desiree E C Smith
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gajja S Salomons
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Milena Tana
- Department of Woman, Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Simonetta Costa
- Department of Woman, Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Vento
- Department of Woman, Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Dipartimento Universitario Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Sezione di Pediatria, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Genuardi
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Dipartimento Universitario Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Sezione di Medicina Genomica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, UOC Genetica Medica, Rome, Italy
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20
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Lenz D, Stahl M, Seidl E, Schöndorf D, Brennenstuhl H, Gesenhues F, Heinzmann T, Longerich T, Mendes MI, Prokisch H, Salomons GS, Schön C, Smith DEC, Sommerburg O, Wagner M, Westhoff JH, Reiter K, Staufner C, Griese M. Rescue of respiratory failure in pulmonary alveolar proteinosis due to pathogenic MARS1 variants. Pediatr Pulmonol 2020; 55:3057-3066. [PMID: 32833345 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.25031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a heterogeneous condition with more than 100 different underlying disorders that need to be differentiated to target therapeutic options, which are generally limited. METHODS The clinical course of two brothers with pathogenic variants in the methionyl-tRNA synthetase (MARS)1 gene was compared to previously published patients. Functional studies in patient-derived fibroblasts were performed and therapeutic options evaluated. RESULTS The younger brother was diagnosed with PAP at the age of 1 year. Exome sequencing revealed the homozygous MARS1 variant p.(Arg598Cys), leading to interstitial lung and liver disease (ILLD). At 2 years of age, following surgery hypoglycemia was detected, the pulmonary condition deteriorated, and the patient developed multiorgan failure. Six therapeutic whole lung lavages (WLL) were necessary to improve respiratory insufficiency. Methionine supplementation was started and a high protein diet ensured, leading to complete respiratory recovery. The older brother, homozygous for the same MARS1 variant, had a long-known distinct eating preference of methionine-rich food and showed a less severe clinical phenotype. Decreased aminoacylation activity confirmed the pathogenicity of p.(Arg598Cys) in vitro. In agreement with our review of currently published ILLD patients, the presence of hepatopathy, developmental delay, muscular hypotonia, and anemia support the multisystemic character of the disease. CONCLUSIONS Catabolic events can provoke a severe deterioration of the pulmonary situation in ILLD with a need for repetitive WLL. Although the precise role of oral methionine supplementation and high protein intake are unknown, we observed an apparent treatment benefit, which needs to be evaluated systematically in controlled trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Lenz
- Division of Neuropediatrics and Pediatric Metabolic Medicine, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mirjam Stahl
- Department of Translational Pulmonology, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Immunology and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elias Seidl
- Dr. von Haunersches Kinderspital, University of Munich, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Dominik Schöndorf
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology and Allergy and Cystic Fibrosis Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heiko Brennenstuhl
- Division of Neuropediatrics and Pediatric Metabolic Medicine, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Florian Gesenhues
- Dr. von Haunersches Kinderspital, University of Munich, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Tina Heinzmann
- Department of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Longerich
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marisa I Mendes
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Holger Prokisch
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Gajja S Salomons
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carola Schön
- Dr. von Haunersches Kinderspital, University of Munich, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Desirée E C Smith
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Olaf Sommerburg
- Department of Translational Pulmonology, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Dr. von Haunersches Kinderspital, University of Munich, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Matias Wagner
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jens H Westhoff
- Department of Pediatrics I, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Karl Reiter
- Dr. von Haunersches Kinderspital, University of Munich, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Staufner
- Division of Neuropediatrics and Pediatric Metabolic Medicine, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Griese
- Dr. von Haunersches Kinderspital, University of Munich, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
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21
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DiBacco ML, Pop A, Salomons GS, Hanson E, Roullet JB, Gibson KM, Pearl PL. Novel ALDH5A1 variants and genotype: Phenotype correlation in SSADH deficiency. Neurology 2020; 95:e2675-e2682. [PMID: 32887777 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000010730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine genotype-phenotype correlation in succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase (SSADH) deficiency. METHODS ALDH5A1 variants were studied with phenotype correlation in the SSADH natural history study. Assignment of gene variant pathogenicity was based on in silico testing and in vitro enzyme activity after site-directed mutagenesis and expression in HEK293 cells. Phenotypic scoring used a Clinical Severity Score (CSS) designed for the natural history study. RESULTS Twenty-four patients were enrolled (10 male, 14 female, median age 8.2 years). There were 24 ALDH5A1 variants, including 7 novel pathogenic variants: 2 missense, 3 splice site, and 2 frameshift. Four previously reported variants were identified in >5% of unrelated families. There was a correlation with age and presence (p = 0.003) and severity (p = 0.002) of epilepsy and with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) (p = 0.016). The median IQ score was 53 (Q25-Q75, 49-61). There was no overall correlation between the gene variants and the CSS, although a novel missense variant was associated with the mildest phenotype by CSS in the only patient with a normal IQ, whereas a previously reported variant was consistently associated with the most severe phenotype. CONCLUSIONS Seven novel pathogenic and one previously unpublished benign ALDH5A1 variants were detected. There is an age-dependent association with worsening of epilepsy and presence of OCD in SSADH deficiency. Overall, there does not appear to be a correlation between genotype and phenotypic severity in this cohort of 24 patients. We did find a suspected correlation between a novel pathogenic missense variant and high functionality, and a previously reported pathogenic missense variant and maximal severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa L DiBacco
- From the Department of Neurology (M.L.D., P.L.P.) and Neurodevelopmental Core (E.H.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA; Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (A.P., G.S.S.), and Department of Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, University of Amsterdam (G.S.S.), Amsterdam Neuroscience and Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, the Netherlands; and College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacotherapy (J.-B.R., K.M.G.), Washington State University, Spokane
| | - Ana Pop
- From the Department of Neurology (M.L.D., P.L.P.) and Neurodevelopmental Core (E.H.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA; Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (A.P., G.S.S.), and Department of Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, University of Amsterdam (G.S.S.), Amsterdam Neuroscience and Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, the Netherlands; and College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacotherapy (J.-B.R., K.M.G.), Washington State University, Spokane
| | - Gajja S Salomons
- From the Department of Neurology (M.L.D., P.L.P.) and Neurodevelopmental Core (E.H.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA; Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (A.P., G.S.S.), and Department of Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, University of Amsterdam (G.S.S.), Amsterdam Neuroscience and Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, the Netherlands; and College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacotherapy (J.-B.R., K.M.G.), Washington State University, Spokane
| | - Ellen Hanson
- From the Department of Neurology (M.L.D., P.L.P.) and Neurodevelopmental Core (E.H.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA; Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (A.P., G.S.S.), and Department of Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, University of Amsterdam (G.S.S.), Amsterdam Neuroscience and Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, the Netherlands; and College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacotherapy (J.-B.R., K.M.G.), Washington State University, Spokane
| | - Jean-Baptiste Roullet
- From the Department of Neurology (M.L.D., P.L.P.) and Neurodevelopmental Core (E.H.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA; Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (A.P., G.S.S.), and Department of Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, University of Amsterdam (G.S.S.), Amsterdam Neuroscience and Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, the Netherlands; and College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacotherapy (J.-B.R., K.M.G.), Washington State University, Spokane
| | - K Michael Gibson
- From the Department of Neurology (M.L.D., P.L.P.) and Neurodevelopmental Core (E.H.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA; Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (A.P., G.S.S.), and Department of Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, University of Amsterdam (G.S.S.), Amsterdam Neuroscience and Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, the Netherlands; and College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacotherapy (J.-B.R., K.M.G.), Washington State University, Spokane
| | - Phillip L Pearl
- From the Department of Neurology (M.L.D., P.L.P.) and Neurodevelopmental Core (E.H.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA; Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (A.P., G.S.S.), and Department of Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, University of Amsterdam (G.S.S.), Amsterdam Neuroscience and Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, the Netherlands; and College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacotherapy (J.-B.R., K.M.G.), Washington State University, Spokane.
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22
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Wang L, Li Z, Sievert D, Smith DEC, Mendes MI, Chen DY, Stanley V, Ghosh S, Wang Y, Kara M, Aslanger AD, Rosti RO, Houlden H, Salomons GS, Gleeson JG. Loss of NARS1 impairs progenitor proliferation in cortical brain organoids and leads to microcephaly. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4038. [PMID: 32788587 PMCID: PMC7424529 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17454-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase1 (NARS1) is a member of the ubiquitously expressed cytoplasmic Class IIa family of tRNA synthetases required for protein translation. Here, we identify biallelic missense and frameshift mutations in NARS1 in seven patients from three unrelated families with microcephaly and neurodevelopmental delay. Patient cells show reduced NARS1 protein, impaired NARS1 activity and impaired global protein synthesis. Cortical brain organoid modeling shows reduced proliferation of radial glial cells (RGCs), leading to smaller organoids characteristic of microcephaly. Single-cell analysis reveals altered constituents of both astrocytic and RGC lineages, suggesting a requirement for NARS1 in RGC proliferation. Our findings demonstrate that NARS1 is required to meet protein synthetic needs and to support RGC proliferation in human brain development. Asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase1 (NARS1) is required for protein synthesis. Here, the authors identify biallelic NARS1 mutations in individuals with microcephaly and neurodevelopmental delay. Cortical brain organoid modeling recapitulates microcephaly characteristics and scRNA-seq reveals a role for NARS1 in radial glial cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Department of Neurosciences, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.,Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA, 92123, USA
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Neurosciences, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.,Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA, 92123, USA
| | - David Sievert
- Department of Neurosciences, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.,Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA, 92123, USA
| | - Desirée E C Smith
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marisa I Mendes
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Dillon Y Chen
- Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA, 92123, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.,Division of Child Neurology, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA, 92123, USA
| | - Valentina Stanley
- Department of Neurosciences, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.,Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA, 92123, USA
| | - Shereen Ghosh
- Department of Neurosciences, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.,Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA, 92123, USA
| | - Yulu Wang
- Laboratory of Biomanufacturing and Food Engineering, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Majdi Kara
- University of Tripoli, Tripoli Children's Hospital, Tripoli, Libya
| | | | - Rasim O Rosti
- Department of Neurosciences, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.,Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA, 92123, USA
| | - Henry Houlden
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Gajja S Salomons
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Joseph G Gleeson
- Department of Neurosciences, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA. .,Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA, 92123, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA. .,Division of Child Neurology, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA, 92123, USA.
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23
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Manole A, Efthymiou S, O'Connor E, Mendes MI, Jennings M, Maroofian R, Davagnanam I, Mankad K, Lopez MR, Salpietro V, Harripaul R, Badalato L, Walia J, Francklyn CS, Athanasiou-Fragkouli A, Sullivan R, Desai S, Baranano K, Zafar F, Rana N, Ilyas M, Horga A, Kara M, Mattioli F, Goldenberg A, Griffin H, Piton A, Henderson LB, Kara B, Aslanger AD, Raaphorst J, Pfundt R, Portier R, Shinawi M, Kirby A, Christensen KM, Wang L, Rosti RO, Paracha SA, Sarwar MT, Jenkins D, Ahmed J, Santoni FA, Ranza E, Iwaszkiewicz J, Cytrynbaum C, Weksberg R, Wentzensen IM, Guillen Sacoto MJ, Si Y, Telegrafi A, Andrews MV, Baldridge D, Gabriel H, Mohr J, Oehl-Jaschkowitz B, Debard S, Senger B, Fischer F, van Ravenwaaij C, Fock AJM, Stevens SJC, Bähler J, Nasar A, Mantovani JF, Manzur A, Sarkozy A, Smith DEC, Salomons GS, Ahmed ZM, Riazuddin S, Riazuddin S, Usmani MA, Seibt A, Ansar M, Antonarakis SE, Vincent JB, Ayub M, Grimmel M, Jelsig AM, Hjortshøj TD, Karstensen HG, Hummel M, Haack TB, Jamshidi Y, Distelmaier F, Horvath R, Gleeson JG, Becker H, Mandel JL, Koolen DA, Houlden H. De Novo and Bi-allelic Pathogenic Variants in NARS1 Cause Neurodevelopmental Delay Due to Toxic Gain-of-Function and Partial Loss-of-Function Effects. Am J Hum Genet 2020; 107:311-324. [PMID: 32738225 PMCID: PMC7413890 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2020.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) are ubiquitous, ancient enzymes that charge amino acids to cognate tRNA molecules, the essential first step of protein translation. Here, we describe 32 individuals from 21 families, presenting with microcephaly, neurodevelopmental delay, seizures, peripheral neuropathy, and ataxia, with de novo heterozygous and bi-allelic mutations in asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase (NARS1). We demonstrate a reduction in NARS1 mRNA expression as well as in NARS1 enzyme levels and activity in both individual fibroblasts and induced neural progenitor cells (iNPCs). Molecular modeling of the recessive c.1633C>T (p.Arg545Cys) variant shows weaker spatial positioning and tRNA selectivity. We conclude that de novo and bi-allelic mutations in NARS1 are a significant cause of neurodevelopmental disease, where the mechanism for de novo variants could be toxic gain-of-function and for recessive variants, partial loss-of-function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Manole
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, University College London (UCL) Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Stephanie Efthymiou
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, University College London (UCL) Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Emer O'Connor
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, University College London (UCL) Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Marisa I Mendes
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, 1081 the Netherlands
| | - Matthew Jennings
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ UK
| | - Reza Maroofian
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, University College London (UCL) Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Indran Davagnanam
- Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Kshitij Mankad
- Department of Neuroradiology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Maria Rodriguez Lopez
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London (UCL), London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Vincenzo Salpietro
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, University College London (UCL) Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Ricardo Harripaul
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada; Institute of Medical Science and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Lauren Badalato
- Department of Pediatrics, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 2V7, Canada
| | - Jagdeep Walia
- Department of Pediatrics, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 2V7, Canada
| | - Christopher S Francklyn
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Alkyoni Athanasiou-Fragkouli
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, University College London (UCL) Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Roisin Sullivan
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, University College London (UCL) Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Sonal Desai
- Department of Neurology and Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Kristin Baranano
- Department of Neurology and Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Faisal Zafar
- Department of Pediatrics, Multan Hospital, Multan, 60000, Pakistan
| | - Nuzhat Rana
- Department of Pediatrics, Multan Hospital, Multan, 60000, Pakistan
| | | | - Alejandro Horga
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, University College London (UCL) Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Majdi Kara
- Department of Pediatrics, Tripoli Children's Hospital, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Francesca Mattioli
- Institute for Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology (IGBMC), University of Strasbourg, CNRS UMR7104, INSERM U1258, Illkirch, 67404, France
| | - Alice Goldenberg
- Département de Génétique, centre de référence anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs, CHU de Rouen, Inserm U1245, UNIROUEN, Normandie Université, Centre Normand de Génomique et de Médecine Personnalisée, Rouen, 76031, France
| | - Helen Griffin
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ UK
| | - Amelie Piton
- Institute for Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology (IGBMC), University of Strasbourg, CNRS UMR7104, INSERM U1258, Illkirch, 67404, France
| | | | | | | | - Joost Raaphorst
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, 1105AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rolph Pfundt
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Ruben Portier
- Department of Neurology, Medisch Spectrum Twente, 7512KZ Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Marwan Shinawi
- Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Amelia Kirby
- Division of Medical Genetics, SSM Health Cardinal Glennon Children's Hospital, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Katherine M Christensen
- Division of Medical Genetics, SSM Health Cardinal Glennon Children's Hospital, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Lu Wang
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California San Diego and Rady Children's Hospital, La Jolla, CA 92130, USA
| | - Rasim O Rosti
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California San Diego and Rady Children's Hospital, La Jolla, CA 92130, USA
| | - Sohail A Paracha
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, 25100 Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad T Sarwar
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, 25100 Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Dagan Jenkins
- Institute of Child Health, Guilford Street and Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Jawad Ahmed
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, 25100 Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Federico A Santoni
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University Hospital of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuelle Ranza
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland; Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; Medigenome, The Swiss Institute of Genomic Medicine, Geneva, CH-1207, Switzerland
| | - Justyna Iwaszkiewicz
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Molecular Modeling Group, Batiment Genopode, Unil Sorge, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Cheryl Cytrynbaum
- Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, 555 University Ave., Toronto, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Rosanna Weksberg
- Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, 555 University Ave., Toronto, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | | | | | - Yue Si
- GeneDx, 207 Perry Parkway Gaithersburg, MD 20877, USA
| | | | - Marisa V Andrews
- Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Dustin Baldridge
- Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Heinz Gabriel
- CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tuebingen, Tuebingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Julia Mohr
- CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tuebingen, Tuebingen, 72076, Germany
| | | | - Sylvain Debard
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, GMGM UMR 7156, Strasbourg, 67083, France
| | - Bruno Senger
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, GMGM UMR 7156, Strasbourg, 67083, France
| | - Frédéric Fischer
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, GMGM UMR 7156, Strasbourg, 67083, France
| | - Conny van Ravenwaaij
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Neurology, Groningen, 9713, the Netherlands
| | - Annemarie J M Fock
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Neurology, Groningen, 9713, the Netherlands
| | - Servi J C Stevens
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, 6211, the Netherlands
| | - Jürg Bähler
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London (UCL), London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Amina Nasar
- Department of Pediatrics, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 2V7, Canada
| | - John F Mantovani
- Division of Child Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Adnan Manzur
- Institute of Child Health, Guilford Street and Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Anna Sarkozy
- Institute of Child Health, Guilford Street and Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Desirée E C Smith
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, 1081 the Netherlands
| | - Gajja S Salomons
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, 1081 the Netherlands
| | - Zubair M Ahmed
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Shaikh Riazuddin
- Jinnah Burn and Reconstructive Surgery Center, Allama Iqbal Medical College, University of Health Sciences, Lahore 54550, Pakistan
| | - Saima Riazuddin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Muhammad A Usmani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Annette Seibt
- Department of General Pediatrics, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Muhammad Ansar
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel, Basel Switzerland
| | - Stylianos E Antonarakis
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland; Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - John B Vincent
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada; Institute of Medical Science and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Muhammad Ayub
- Department of Pediatrics, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 2V7, Canada
| | - Mona Grimmel
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anne Marie Jelsig
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, 2100, Denmark
| | - Tina Duelund Hjortshøj
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, 2100, Denmark
| | - Helena Gásdal Karstensen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, 2100, Denmark
| | - Marybeth Hummel
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Medical Genetics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506-9600, USA
| | - Tobias B Haack
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; Centre for Rare Diseases, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Yalda Jamshidi
- Genetics Centre, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Felix Distelmaier
- Department of General Pediatrics, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Rita Horvath
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ UK
| | - Joseph G Gleeson
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California San Diego and Rady Children's Hospital, La Jolla, CA 92130, USA
| | - Hubert Becker
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, GMGM UMR 7156, Strasbourg, 67083, France
| | - Jean-Louis Mandel
- Institute for Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology (IGBMC), University of Strasbourg, CNRS UMR7104, INSERM U1258, Illkirch, 67404, France
| | - David A Koolen
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Henry Houlden
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, University College London (UCL) Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.
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24
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Beerepoot S, van Dooren SJM, Salomons GS, Boelens JJ, Jacobs EH, van der Knaap MS, van Kuilenburg ABP, Wolf NI. Metachromatic leukodystrophy genotypes in The Netherlands reveal novel pathogenic ARSA variants in non-Caucasian patients. Neurogenetics 2020; 21:289-299. [PMID: 32632536 PMCID: PMC7476914 DOI: 10.1007/s10048-020-00621-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD) is an autosomal recessively inherited sulfatide storage disease caused by deficient activity of the lysosomal enzyme arylsulfatase A (ASA). Genetic analysis of the ARSA gene is important in MLD diagnosis and screening of family members. In addition, more information on genotype prevalence will help interpreting MLD population differences between countries. In this study, we identified 31 different ARSA variants in the patient cohort (n = 67) of the Dutch expertise center for MLD. The most frequently found variant, c.1283C > T, p.(Pro428Leu), was present in 43 (64%) patients and resulted in a high prevalence of the juvenile MLD type (58%) in The Netherlands. Furthermore, we observed in five out of six patients with a non-Caucasian ethnic background previously unreported pathogenic ARSA variants. In total, we report ten novel variants including four missense, two nonsense, and two frameshift variants and one in-frame indel, which were all predicted to be disease causing in silico. In addition, one silent variant was found, c.1200C > T, that most likely resulted in erroneous exonic splicing, including partial skipping of exon 7. The c.1200C > T variant was inherited in cis with the pseudodeficiency allele c.1055A > G, p.(Asn352Ser) + ∗96A > G. With this study we provide a genetic base of the unique MLD phenotype distribution in The Netherlands. In addition, our study demonstrated the importance of genetic analysis in MLD diagnosis and the increased likelihood of unreported, pathogenic ARSA variants in patients with non-Caucasian ethnic backgrounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanice Beerepoot
- Amsterdam Leukodystrophy Center, Department of Child Neurology, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Center, VU University Amsterdam and Amsterdam Neuroscience, De Boelelaan, 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Silvy J M van Dooren
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Metabolic Unit, Amsterdam University Medical Center, VU University Amsterdam, and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gajja S Salomons
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Metabolic Unit, Amsterdam University Medical Center, VU University Amsterdam, and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory of Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap Jan Boelens
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Stem Cell Transplant and Cellular Therapies, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Edwin H Jacobs
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marjo S van der Knaap
- Amsterdam Leukodystrophy Center, Department of Child Neurology, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Center, VU University Amsterdam and Amsterdam Neuroscience, De Boelelaan, 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Functional Genomics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - André B P van Kuilenburg
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory of Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nicole I Wolf
- Amsterdam Leukodystrophy Center, Department of Child Neurology, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Center, VU University Amsterdam and Amsterdam Neuroscience, De Boelelaan, 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. .,Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, De Boelelaan 1118, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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25
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Pop A, Smith DEC, Kirby T, Walters D, Gibson KM, Mahmoudi S, van Dooren SJM, Kanhai WA, Fernandez-Ojeda MR, Wever EJM, Koster J, Waterham HR, Grob B, Roos B, Wamelink MMC, Chen J, Natesan S, Salomons GS. Functional analysis of thirty-four suspected pathogenic missense variants in ALDH5A1 gene associated with succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency. Mol Genet Metab 2020; 130:172-178. [PMID: 32402538 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2020.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Deficiency of succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase (SSADH; aldehyde dehydrogenase 5a1 (ALDH5A1), OMIM 271980, 610045), the second enzyme of GABA degradation, represents a rare autosomal-recessively inherited disorder which manifests metabolically as gamma-hydroxybutyric aciduria. The neurological phenotype includes intellectual disability, autism spectrum, epilepsy and sleep and behavior disturbances. Approximately 70 variants have been reported in the ALDH5A1 gene, half of them being missense variants. In this study, 34 missense variants, of which 22 novel, were evaluated by in silico analyses using PolyPhen2 and SIFT prediction tools. Subsequently, the effect of these variants on SSADH activity was studied by transient overexpression in HEK293 cells. These studies showed severe enzymatic activity impairment for 27 out of 34 alleles, normal activity for one allele and a broad range of residual activities (25 to 74%) for six alleles. To better evaluate the alleles that showed residual activity above 25%, we generated an SSADH-deficient HEK293-Flp-In cell line using CRISPR-Cas9, in which these alleles were stably expressed. This model proved essential in the classification as deficient for one out of the seven studied alleles. For 8 out of 34 addressed alleles, there were discrepant results among the used prediction tools, and/or in correlating the results of the prediction tools with the functional data. In case of diagnostic urgency of missense alleles, we propose the use of the transient transfection model for confirmation of their effect on the SSADH catalytic function, since this model resulted in fast and robust functional characterization for the majority of the tested variants. In selected cases, stable transfections can be considered and may prove valuable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Pop
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Desirée E C Smith
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Trevor Kirby
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Dana Walters
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - K Michael Gibson
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Soufiane Mahmoudi
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Silvy J M van Dooren
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Warsha A Kanhai
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Matilde R Fernandez-Ojeda
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eric J M Wever
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Janet Koster
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hans R Waterham
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bram Grob
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Birthe Roos
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mirjam M C Wamelink
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Justin Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Senthil Natesan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Gajja S Salomons
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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26
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Kirby T, Walters DC, Brown M, Jansen E, Salomons GS, Turgeon C, Rinaldo P, Arning E, Ashcraft P, Bottiglieri T, Roullet JB, Gibson KM. Correction to: Post-mortem tissue analyses in a patient with succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency (SSADHD). I. Metabolomic outcomes. Metab Brain Dis 2020; 35:849-850. [PMID: 32306187 PMCID: PMC7228844 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-020-00569-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Upon publication, it was noted that five of the on-line supplementary figures had incorrect figure: figure legend associations. These were supplementary Figs. 6, 7, 14, 15, and 23.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor Kirby
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, Health Sciences Building Room, 210C, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, 412 E. Spokane Falls Boulevard, Spokane, WA, 99202-2131, USA
| | - Dana C Walters
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, Health Sciences Building Room, 210C, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, 412 E. Spokane Falls Boulevard, Spokane, WA, 99202-2131, USA
| | - Madalyn Brown
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, Health Sciences Building Room, 210C, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, 412 E. Spokane Falls Boulevard, Spokane, WA, 99202-2131, USA
| | - Erwin Jansen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Metabolic Unit, Amsterdam, University Medical Center (Amsterdam UMC) and VU University, Medical Center (VUmc), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gajja S Salomons
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Metabolic Unit, Amsterdam, University Medical Center (Amsterdam UMC) and VU University, Medical Center (VUmc), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Coleman Turgeon
- Biochemical Genetics Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Piero Rinaldo
- Biochemical Genetics Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Erland Arning
- Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Paula Ashcraft
- Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Teodoro Bottiglieri
- Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jean-Baptiste Roullet
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, Health Sciences Building Room, 210C, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, 412 E. Spokane Falls Boulevard, Spokane, WA, 99202-2131, USA
| | - K Michael Gibson
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, Health Sciences Building Room, 210C, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, 412 E. Spokane Falls Boulevard, Spokane, WA, 99202-2131, USA.
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27
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Brown M, Turgeon C, Rinaldo P, Pop A, Salomons GS, Roullet J, Gibson KM. Longitudinal metabolomics in dried bloodspots yields profiles informing newborn screening for succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency. JIMD Rep 2020; 53:29-38. [PMID: 32395407 PMCID: PMC7203655 DOI: 10.1002/jmd2.12075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Analyses of 19 amino acids, 38 acylcarnitines, and 3 creatine analogues (https://clir.mayo.edu) were implemented to test the hypothesis that succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency (SSADHD) could be identified in dried bloodspots (DBS) using currently available newborn screening methodology. The study population included 17 post-newborn SSADHD DBS (age range 0.8-38 years; median, 8.2 years; 10 M; controls, 129-353 age-matched individuals, mixed gender) and 10 newborn SSADHD DBS (including first and second screens from 3 of 7 patients). Low (informative) markers in post-newborn DBS included C2- and C4-OH carnitines, ornithine, histidine and creatine, with no gender differences. For newborn DBS, informative markers included C2-, C3-, C4- and C4-OH carnitines, creatine and ornithine. Of these, only creatine demonstrated a significant change with age, revealing an approximate 4-fold decrease. We conclude that quantitation of short-chain acylcarnitines, creatine, and ornithine provides a newborn DBS profile with potential as a first tier screening tool for early detection of SSADHD. This first tier evaluation can be readily verified using a previously described second tier liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for γ-hydroxybutyric acid in the same DBS. More extensive evaluation of this first/second tier screening approach is needed in a larger population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madalyn Brown
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesWashington State UniversitySpokaneWashington
| | - Coleman Turgeon
- Mayo Clinic, Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathologyRochesterMinnesota
| | - Piero Rinaldo
- Mayo Clinic, Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathologyRochesterMinnesota
| | - Ana Pop
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical CentersVrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & MetabolismAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Gajja S. Salomons
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical CentersVrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & MetabolismAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical CentersUniversity of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & MetabolismAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Jean‐Baptiste Roullet
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesWashington State UniversitySpokaneWashington
| | - K. Michael Gibson
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesWashington State UniversitySpokaneWashington
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28
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Kirby T, Walters DC, Brown M, Jansen E, Salomons GS, Turgeon C, Rinaldo P, Arning E, Ashcraft P, Bottiglieri T, Roullet JB, Gibson KM. Post-mortem tissue analyses in a patient with succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency (SSADHD). I. Metabolomic outcomes. Metab Brain Dis 2020; 35:601-614. [PMID: 32172518 PMCID: PMC7180121 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-020-00550-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Metabolomic characterization of post-mortem tissues (frontal and parietal cortices, pons, cerebellum, hippocampus, cerebral cortex, liver and kidney) derived from a 37 y.o. male patient with succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency (SSADHD) was performed in conjunction with four parallel series of control tissues. Amino acids, acylcarnitines, guanidino- species (guanidinoacetic acid, creatine, creatinine) and GABA-related intermediates were quantified using UPLC and mass spectrometric methods that included isotopically labeled internal standards. Amino acid analyses revealed significant elevation of aspartic acid and depletion of glutamine in patient tissues. Evidence for disruption of short-chain fatty acid metabolism, manifest as altered C4OH, C5, C5:1, C5DC (dicarboxylic) and C12OH carnitines, was observed. Creatine and guanidinoacetic acids were decreased and elevated, respectively. GABA-associated metabolites (total GABA, γ-hydroxybutyric acid, succinic semialdehyde, 4-guanidinobutyrate, 4,5-dihydroxyhexanoic acid and homocarnosine) were significantly increased in patient tissues, including liver and kidney. The data support disruption of fat, creatine and amino acid metabolism as a component of the pathophysiology of SSADHD, and underscore the observation that metabolites measured in patient physiological fluids provide an unreliable reflection of brain metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor Kirby
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, Health Sciences Building Room 210C, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, 412 E. Spokane Falls Boulevard, Spokane, WA, 99202-2131, USA
| | - Dana C Walters
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, Health Sciences Building Room 210C, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, 412 E. Spokane Falls Boulevard, Spokane, WA, 99202-2131, USA
| | - Madalyn Brown
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, Health Sciences Building Room 210C, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, 412 E. Spokane Falls Boulevard, Spokane, WA, 99202-2131, USA
| | - Erwin Jansen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Metabolic Unit, Amsterdam University Medical Center (Amsterdam UMC) and VU University Medical Center (VUmc), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gajja S Salomons
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Metabolic Unit, Amsterdam University Medical Center (Amsterdam UMC) and VU University Medical Center (VUmc), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Coleman Turgeon
- Biochemical Genetics Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Piero Rinaldo
- Biochemical Genetics Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Erland Arning
- Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Paula Ashcraft
- Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Teodoro Bottiglieri
- Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jean-Baptiste Roullet
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, Health Sciences Building Room 210C, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, 412 E. Spokane Falls Boulevard, Spokane, WA, 99202-2131, USA
| | - K Michael Gibson
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, Health Sciences Building Room 210C, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, 412 E. Spokane Falls Boulevard, Spokane, WA, 99202-2131, USA.
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29
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Al Balushi A, Matviychuk D, Jobling R, Salomons GS, Blaser S, Mercimek-Andrews S. Phenotypes and genotypes of mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase deficiencies from a single neurometabolic clinic. JIMD Rep 2019; 51:3-10. [PMID: 32071833 PMCID: PMC7012735 DOI: 10.1002/jmd2.12079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial aminoacyl‐tRNA synthetases play a major role in protein translation, synthesis, and oxidative phosphorylation. We reviewed all patients diagnosed with mitochondrial aminoacyl‐tRNA synthetase deficiencies diagnosed in a single neurometabolic clinic. We report five patients with mitochondrial aminoacyl‐tRNA synthetase deficiencies including DARS2, EARS2, PARS2, and RARS2 deficiencies. Siblings with DARS2 deficiency presented with global developmental delay within the first year of life. DARS2, EARS2, PARS2, and RARS2 deficiencies were identified by whole exome sequencing. We report coagulation factor abnormalities in PARS2 deficiency for the first time. We also report symmetric increased signal intensity in globus pallidi in FLAIR images in brain MRI in EARS2 deficiency for the first time. One patient with RARS2 deficiency had compound heterozygous variants in RARS2. One of those variants was an intronic variant. We confirmed the pathogenicity by mRNA studies. Mitochondrial aminoacyl‐tRNA synthetase deficiencies are diagnosed by molecular genetic investigations. Clinically available non‐invasive biochemical investigations are non‐specific for the diagnosis of mitochondrial aminoacyl‐tRNA synthetase deficiencies. A combination of brain MRI features and molecular genetic investigations should be undertaken to confirm the diagnosis of mitochondrial aminoacyl‐tRNA synthetase deficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaisha Al Balushi
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Department of Pediatrics University of Toronto, The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Diana Matviychuk
- Genome Diagnostics Laboratory, Department of Pediatric Laboratory Medicine University of Toronto, The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Rebekah Jobling
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Department of Pediatrics University of Toronto, The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Ontario Canada.,Genome Diagnostics Laboratory, Department of Pediatric Laboratory Medicine University of Toronto, The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Gajja S Salomons
- Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry VU University Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands.,Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Susan Blaser
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Diagnostic Imaging University of Toronto, The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Saadet Mercimek-Andrews
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Department of Pediatrics University of Toronto, The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Ontario Canada
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30
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Mendes MI, Green LMC, Bertini E, Tonduti D, Aiello C, Smith D, Salsano E, Beerepoot S, Hertecant J, von Spiczak S, Livingston JH, Emrick L, Fraser J, Russell L, Bernard G, Magri S, Di Bella D, Taroni F, Koenig MK, Moroni I, Cappuccio G, Brunetti-Pierri N, Rhee J, Mendelsohn BA, Helbig I, Helbig K, Muhle H, Ismayl O, Vanderver AL, Salomons GS, van der Knaap MS, Wolf NI. RARS1-related hypomyelinating leukodystrophy: Expanding the spectrum. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2019; 7:83-93. [PMID: 31814314 PMCID: PMC6952319 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.50960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Biallelic variants in RARS1, encoding the cytoplasmic tRNA synthetase for arginine (ArgRS), cause a hypomyelinating leukodystrophy. This study aimed to investigate clinical, neuroradiological and genetic features of patients with RARS1-related disease, and to identify possible genotype-phenotype relationships. METHODS We performed a multinational cross-sectional survey among 20 patients with biallelic RARS1 variants identified by next-generation sequencing techniques. Clinical data, brain MRI findings and genetic results were analyzed. Additionally, ArgRS activity was measured in fibroblasts of four patients, and translation of long and short ArgRS isoforms was quantified by western blot. RESULTS Clinical presentation ranged from severe (onset in the first 3 months, usually with refractory epilepsy and early brain atrophy), to intermediate (onset in the first year with nystagmus and spasticity), and mild (onset around or after 12 months with minimal cognitive impairment and preserved independent walking). The most frequent RARS1 variant, c.5A>G, led to mild or intermediate phenotypes, whereas truncating variants and variants affecting amino acids close to the ArgRS active centre led to severe phenotypes. ArgRS activity was significantly reduced in three patients with intermediate and severe phenotypes; in a fourth patient with intermediate to severe presentation, we measured normal ArgRS activity, but found translation mainly of the short instead of the long ArgRS isoform. INTERPRETATION Variants in RARS1 impair ArgRS activity and do not only lead to a classic hypomyelination presentation with nystagmus and spasticity, but to a wide spectrum, ranging from severe, early-onset epileptic encephalopathy with brain atrophy to mild disease with relatively preserved myelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa I Mendes
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Lydia M C Green
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Enrico Bertini
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disease, Bambino Gesu' Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Tonduti
- Child Neurology Unit, V. Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milano, Italy
| | - Chiara Aiello
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disease, Bambino Gesu' Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Desiree Smith
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ettore Salsano
- Unit of Rare Neurodegenerative and Neurometabolic Disease, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologica "C.Besta", Milano, Italy
| | - Shanice Beerepoot
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jozef Hertecant
- Paediatric Genetic and Metabolic Service, Tawam Hospital, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sarah von Spiczak
- DRK-Northern German Epilepsy Centre for Children and Adolescents, Schwentinental-Raisdorf, Germany.,Department of Pediatrics II, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrecht University, Kiel, Germany
| | - John H Livingston
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust, Leeds, United Kingdom.,Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Lisa Emrick
- Division of Neurology and Developmental Neurosciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.,Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Jamie Fraser
- Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Rare Disease Institute, Children's National Health System, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Laura Russell
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Specialized Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Genevieve Bernard
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Specialized Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada.,Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Pediatrics and Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada.,MyeliNeuroGene Laboratory, Research Institutes of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Stefania Magri
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Di Bella
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Franco Taroni
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Mary K Koenig
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas
| | - Isabella Moroni
- Department of Paediatric Neurosciences, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy
| | - Gerarda Cappuccio
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy.,Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Nicola Brunetti-Pierri
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy.,Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Jullie Rhee
- Department of Neurology, Children's National Health Systems, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Bryce A Mendelsohn
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Ingo Helbig
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Division of Pediatric Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Katherine Helbig
- Division of Neurology, Roberts Center for Pediatric Research, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Hiltrud Muhle
- Department of Pediatrics II, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrecht University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Omar Ismayl
- Department of Child Neurology, Sheikh Khalifah Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Adeline L Vanderver
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Gajja S Salomons
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marjo S van der Knaap
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Functional Genomics, Centre for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nicole I Wolf
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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31
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Yan H, Helman G, Murthy SE, Ji H, Crawford J, Kubisiak T, Bent SJ, Xiao J, Taft RJ, Coombs A, Wu Y, Pop A, Li D, de Vries LS, Jiang Y, Salomons GS, van der Knaap MS, Patapoutian A, Simons C, Burmeister M, Wang J, Wolf NI. Heterozygous Variants in the Mechanosensitive Ion Channel TMEM63A Result in Transient Hypomyelination during Infancy. Am J Hum Genet 2019; 105:996-1004. [PMID: 31587869 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2019.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanically activated (MA) ion channels convert physical forces into electrical signals. Despite the importance of this function, the involvement of mechanosensitive ion channels in human disease is poorly understood. Here we report heterozygous missense mutations in the gene encoding the MA ion channel TMEM63A that result in an infantile disorder resembling a hypomyelinating leukodystrophy. Four unrelated individuals presented with congenital nystagmus, motor delay, and deficient myelination on serial scans in infancy, prompting the diagnosis of Pelizaeus-Merzbacher (like) disease. Genomic sequencing revealed that all four individuals carry heterozygous missense variants in the pore-forming domain of TMEM63A. These variants were confirmed to have arisen de novo in three of the four individuals. While the physiological role of TMEM63A is incompletely understood, it is highly expressed in oligodendrocytes and it has recently been shown to be a MA ion channel. Using patch clamp electrophysiology, we demonstrated that each of the modeled variants result in strongly attenuated stretch-activated currents when expressed in naive cells. Unexpectedly, the clinical evolution of all four individuals has been surprisingly favorable, with substantial improvements in neurological signs and developmental progression. In the three individuals with follow-up scans after 4 years of age, the myelin deficit had almost completely resolved. Our results suggest a previously unappreciated role for mechanosensitive ion channels in myelin development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Yan
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis and Study on Pediatric Genetic Diseases, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100871, China; Molecular & Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Joint International Research Center of Translational and Clinical Research, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Guy Helman
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Swetha E Murthy
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Neuroscience, Dorris Neuroscience Center, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA
| | - Haoran Ji
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis and Study on Pediatric Genetic Diseases, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100871, China; Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Joanna Crawford
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Thomas Kubisiak
- Molecular & Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Stephen J Bent
- Data61, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Brisbane, QLD 4067, Australia
| | - Jiangxi Xiao
- Department of Radiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100871, China
| | | | - Adam Coombs
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Neuroscience, Dorris Neuroscience Center, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA
| | - Ye Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis and Study on Pediatric Genetic Diseases, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ana Pop
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam 1081 HV, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam 1081 HV, the Netherlands
| | - Dongxiao Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis and Study on Pediatric Genetic Diseases, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100871, China; Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Children's Genetic and Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450018, China
| | - Linda S de Vries
- Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 EA, the Netherlands; UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht 3584 CG, the Netherlands
| | - Yuwu Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis and Study on Pediatric Genetic Diseases, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100871, China; Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health and Family Planning Commission, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Gajja S Salomons
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam 1081 HV, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam 1081 HV, the Netherlands; Department of Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, the Netherlands; Department of Child Neurology, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam 1081 HV, the Netherlands
| | - Marjo S van der Knaap
- Department of Child Neurology, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam 1081 HV, the Netherlands; Department of Functional Genomics, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University, Amsterdam 1081 HV, the Netherlands
| | - Ardem Patapoutian
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Neuroscience, Dorris Neuroscience Center, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA
| | - Cas Simons
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Margit Burmeister
- Molecular & Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Departments of Computational Medicine & Bioinformatics, Psychiatry and Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jingmin Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis and Study on Pediatric Genetic Diseases, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100871, China; Joint International Research Center of Translational and Clinical Research, Beijing 100871, China; Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health and Family Planning Commission, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Nicole I Wolf
- Department of Child Neurology, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam 1081 HV, the Netherlands.
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32
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Brown MN, Walters DC, Schmidt MA, Hill J, McConnell A, Jansen EEW, Salomons GS, Arning E, Bottiglieri T, Gibson KM, Roullet JB. Maternal glutamine supplementation in murine succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency, a disorder of γ-aminobutyric acid metabolism. J Inherit Metab Dis 2019; 42:1030-1039. [PMID: 31032972 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Murine succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency (SSADHD) manifests with high concentrations of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) and low glutamine in the brain. To understand the pathogenic contribution of central glutamine deficiency, we exposed aldh5a1-/- (SSADHD) mice and their genetic controls (aldh5a1+/+ ) to either a 4% (w/w) glutamine-containing diet or a glutamine-free diet from conception until postnatal day 30. Endpoints included brain, liver and blood amino acids, brain GHB, ataxia scores, and open field testing. Glutamine supplementation did not improve aldh5a1-/- brain glutamine deficiency nor brain GABA and GHB. It decreased brain glutamate but did not change the ratio of excitatory (glutamate) to inhibitory (GABA) neurotransmitters. In contrast, glutamine supplementation significantly increased brain arginine (30% for aldh5a1+/+ and 18% for aldh5a1-/- mice), and leucine (12% and 18%). Glutamine deficiency was confirmed in the liver. The test diet increased hepatic glutamate in both genotypes, decreased glutamine in aldh5a1+/+ but not in aldh5a1-/- , but had no effect on GABA. Dried bloodspot analyses showed significantly elevated GABA in mutants (approximately 800% above controls) and decreased glutamate (approximately 25%), but no glutamine difference with controls. Glutamine supplementation did not impact blood GABA but significantly increased glutamine and glutamate in both genotypes indicating systemic exposure to dietary glutamine. Ataxia and pronounced hyperactivity were observed in aldh5a1-/- mice but remained unchanged by the diet intervention. The study suggests that glutamine supplementation improves peripheral but not central glutamine deficiency in experimental SSADHD. Future studies are needed to fully understand the pathogenic role of brain glutamine deficiency in SSADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madalyn N Brown
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington
| | - Dana C Walters
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington
| | - Michelle A Schmidt
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington
| | | | | | - Erwin E W Jansen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Metabolic Unit, VU University Medical Center & Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gajja S Salomons
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Metabolic Unit, VU University Medical Center & Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Erland Arning
- Baylor Scott and White Research Institute, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Dallas, Texas
| | - Teodoro Bottiglieri
- Baylor Scott and White Research Institute, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Dallas, Texas
| | - K Michael Gibson
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington
| | - Jean-Baptiste Roullet
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington
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33
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Theil AF, Botta E, Raams A, Smith DE, Mendes MI, Caligiuri G, Giachetti S, Bione S, Carriero R, Liberi G, Zardoni L, Swagemakers SM, Salomons GS, Sarasin A, Lehmann A, van der Spek PJ, Ogi T, Hoeijmakers JH, Vermeulen W, Orioli D. Bi-allelic TARS Mutations Are Associated with Brittle Hair Phenotype. Am J Hum Genet 2019; 105:434-440. [PMID: 31374204 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2019.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Brittle and "tiger-tail" hair is the diagnostic hallmark of trichothiodystrophy (TTD), a rare recessive disease associated with a wide spectrum of clinical features including ichthyosis, intellectual disability, decreased fertility, and short stature. As a result of premature abrogation of terminal differentiation, the hair is brittle and fragile and contains reduced cysteine content. Hypersensitivity to UV light is found in about half of individuals with TTD; all of these individuals harbor bi-allelic mutations in components of the basal transcription factor TFIIH, and these mutations lead to impaired nucleotide excision repair and basal transcription. Different genes have been found to be associated with non-photosensitive TTD (NPS-TTD); these include MPLKIP (also called TTDN1), GTF2E2 (also called TFIIEβ), and RNF113A. However, a relatively large group of these individuals with NPS-TTD have remained genetically uncharacterized. Here we present the identification of an NPS-TTD-associated gene, threonyl-tRNA synthetase (TARS), found by next-generation sequencing of a group of uncharacterized individuals with NPS-TTD. One individual has compound heterozygous TARS variants, c.826A>G (p.Lys276Glu) and c.1912C>T (p.Arg638∗), whereas a second individual is homozygous for the TARS variant: c.680T>C (p.Leu227Pro). We showed that these variants have a profound effect on TARS protein stability and enzymatic function. Our results expand the spectrum of genes involved in TTD to include genes implicated in amino acid charging of tRNA, which is required for the last step in gene expression, namely protein translation. We previously proposed that some of the TTD-specific features derive from subtle transcription defects as a consequence of unstable transcription factors. We now extend the definition of TTD from a transcription syndrome to a "gene-expression" syndrome.
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34
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Pop A, Struys EA, Jansen EEW, Fernandez MR, Kanhai WA, van Dooren SJM, Ozturk S, van Oostendorp J, Lennertz P, Kranendijk M, van der Knaap MS, Gibson KM, van Schaftingen E, Salomons GS. D-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria Type I: Functional analysis of D2HGDH missense variants. Hum Mutat 2019; 40:975-982. [PMID: 30908763 PMCID: PMC6619364 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
D‐2‐hydroxyglutaric aciduria Type I (D‐2‐HGA Type I), a neurometabolic disorder with a broad clinical spectrum, is caused by recessive variants in the D2HGDH gene encoding D‐2‐hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase (D‐2‐HGDH). We and others detected 42 potentially pathogenic variants in D2HGDH of which 31 were missense. We developed functional studies to investigate the effect of missense variants on D‐2‐HGDH catalytic activity. Site‐directed mutagenesis was used to introduce 31 missense variants in the pCMV5‐D2HGDH expression vector. The wild type and missense variants were overexpressed in HEK293 cells. D‐2‐HGDH enzyme activity was evaluated based on the conversion of [2H4]D‐2‐HG to [2H4]2‐ketoglutarate, which was subsequently converted into [2H4]L‐glutamate and the latter quantified by LC‐MS/MS. Eighteen variants resulted in almost complete ablation of D‐2‐HGDH activity and thus, should be considered pathogenic. The remaining 13 variants manifested residual activities ranging between 17% and 94% of control enzymatic activity. Our functional assay evaluating the effect of novel D2HGDH variants will be beneficial for the classification of missense variants and determination of pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Pop
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eduard A Struys
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erwin E W Jansen
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Matilde R Fernandez
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Warsha A Kanhai
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Silvy J M van Dooren
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Senay Ozturk
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Justin van Oostendorp
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pascal Lennertz
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn Kranendijk
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marjo S van der Knaap
- Department of Child Neurology, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Functional Genomics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - K Michael Gibson
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington
| | - Emile van Schaftingen
- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Brussels, Belgium.,Laboratory of Biochemistry, de Duve Institute, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gajja S Salomons
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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35
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Kuo ME, Theil AF, Kievit A, Malicdan MC, Introne WJ, Christian T, Verheijen FW, Smith DEC, Mendes MI, Hussaarts-Odijk L, van der Meijden E, van Slegtenhorst M, Wilke M, Vermeulen W, Raams A, Groden C, Shimada S, Meyer-Schuman R, Hou YM, Gahl WA, Antonellis A, Salomons GS, Mancini GMS. Cysteinyl-tRNA Synthetase Mutations Cause a Multi-System, Recessive Disease That Includes Microcephaly, Developmental Delay, and Brittle Hair and Nails. Am J Hum Genet 2019; 104:520-529. [PMID: 30824121 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) are essential enzymes responsible for charging tRNA molecules with cognate amino acids. Consistent with the essential function and ubiquitous expression of ARSs, mutations in 32 of the 37 ARS-encoding loci cause severe, early-onset recessive phenotypes. Previous genetic and functional data suggest a loss-of-function mechanism; however, our understanding of the allelic and locus heterogeneity of ARS-related disease is incomplete. Cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase (CARS) encodes the enzyme that charges tRNACys with cysteine in the cytoplasm. To date, CARS variants have not been implicated in any human disease phenotype. Here, we report on four subjects from three families with complex syndromes that include microcephaly, developmental delay, and brittle hair and nails. Each affected person carries bi-allelic CARS variants: one individual is compound heterozygous for c.1138C>T (p.Gln380∗) and c.1022G>A (p.Arg341His), two related individuals are compound heterozygous for c.1076C>T (p.Ser359Leu) and c.1199T>A (p.Leu400Gln), and one individual is homozygous for c.2061dup (p.Ser688Glnfs∗2). Measurement of protein abundance, yeast complementation assays, and assessments of tRNA charging indicate that each CARS variant causes a loss-of-function effect. Compared to subjects with previously reported ARS-related diseases, individuals with bi-allelic CARS variants are unique in presenting with a brittle-hair-and-nail phenotype, which most likely reflects the high cysteine content in human keratins. In sum, our efforts implicate CARS variants in human inherited disease, expand the locus and clinical heterogeneity of ARS-related clinical phenotypes, and further support impaired tRNA charging as the primary mechanism of recessive ARS-related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly E Kuo
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Arjan F Theil
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Oncode Institute, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 CN Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anneke Kievit
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - May Christine Malicdan
- Undiagnosed Diseases Program and Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Wendy J Introne
- Undiagnosed Diseases Program and Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Thomas Christian
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biochemistry, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Frans W Verheijen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Desiree E C Smith
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marisa I Mendes
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lidia Hussaarts-Odijk
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eric van der Meijden
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marjon van Slegtenhorst
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Martina Wilke
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wim Vermeulen
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Oncode Institute, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 CN Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anja Raams
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Oncode Institute, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 CN Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Catherine Groden
- Undiagnosed Diseases Program and Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Shino Shimada
- Undiagnosed Diseases Program and Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Rebecca Meyer-Schuman
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ya Ming Hou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biochemistry, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - William A Gahl
- Undiagnosed Diseases Program and Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Anthony Antonellis
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Gajja S Salomons
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Grazia M S Mancini
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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36
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Coughlin CR, Swanson MA, Spector E, Meeks NJ, Kronquist KE, Aslamy M, Wempe MF, van Karnebeek CD, Gospe SM, Aziz VG, Tsai BP, Gao H, Nagy PL, Hyland K, van Dooren SJ, Salomons GS, Van Hove JL. The genotypic spectrum of ALDH7A1 mutations resulting in pyridoxine dependent epilepsy: A common epileptic encephalopathy. J Inherit Metab Dis 2019; 42:353-361. [PMID: 30043187 PMCID: PMC6345606 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Pyridoxine dependent epilepsy (PDE) is a treatable epileptic encephalopathy characterized by a positive response to pharmacologic doses of pyridoxine. Despite seizure control, at least 75% of individuals have intellectual disability and developmental delay. Current treatment paradigms have resulted in improved cognitive outcomes emphasizing the importance of an early diagnosis. As genetic testing is increasingly accepted as first tier testing for epileptic encephalopathies, we aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of ALDH7A1 mutations that cause PDE. The genotypes, ethnic origin and reported gender was collected from 185 subjects with a diagnosis of PDE. The population frequency for the variants in this report and the existing literature were reviewed in the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). Novel variants identified in population databases were also evaluated through in silico prediction software and select variants were over-expressed in an E.coli-based expression system to measure α-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase activity and production of α-aminoadipic acid. This study adds 47 novel variants to the literature resulting in a total of 165 reported pathogenic variants. Based on this report, in silico predictions, and general population data, we estimate an incidence of approximately 1:64,352 live births. This report provides a comprehensive overview of known ALDH7A1 mutations that cause PDE, and suggests that PDE may be more common than initially estimated. Due to the relative high frequency of the disease, the likelihood of under-diagnosis given the wide clinical spectrum and limited awareness among clinicians as well as the cognitive improvement noted with early treatment, newborn screening for PDE may be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Curtis R. Coughlin
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
- These authors contributed equally to the manuscript
- Correspondence: Curtis Coughlin II,
| | - Michael A. Swanson
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
- These authors contributed equally to the manuscript
| | - Elaine Spector
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Naomi J.L. Meeks
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kathryn E. Kronquist
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Mezhgan Aslamy
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Michael F. Wempe
- School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Clara D.M. van Karnebeek
- Department of Pediatrics and Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Centre, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver BC V5Z4H4, Canada
| | - Sidney M. Gospe
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Hanlin Gao
- Fulgent Genetics, Temple City, CA, 91780, USA
| | - Peter L. Nagy
- Medical Neurogenetics Laboratories, LLC, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Keith Hyland
- Medical Neurogenetics Laboratories, LLC, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Silvy J.M. van Dooren
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Metabolic Unit, VU University Medical Center & Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gajja S. Salomons
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Metabolic Unit, VU University Medical Center & Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johan L.K. Van Hove
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
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Walters DC, Arning E, Bottiglieri T, Jansen EEW, Salomons GS, Brown MN, Schmidt MA, Ainslie GR, Roullet JB, Gibson KM. Metabolomic analyses of vigabatrin (VGB)-treated mice: GABA-transaminase inhibition significantly alters amino acid profiles in murine neural and non-neural tissues. Neurochem Int 2019; 125:151-162. [PMID: 30822440 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2019.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The anticonvulsant vigabatrin (VGB; SabrilR) irreversibly inhibits GABA transaminase to increase neural GABA, yet its mechanism of retinal toxicity remains unclear. VGB is suggested to alter several amino acids, including homocarnosine, β-alanine, ornithine, glycine, taurine, and 2-aminoadipic acid (AADA), the latter a homologue of glutamic acid. Here, we evaluate the effect of VGB on amino acid concentrations in mice, employing a continuous VGB infusion (subcutaneously implanted osmotic minipumps), dose-escalation paradigm (35-140 mg/kg/d, 12 days), and amino acid quantitation in eye, visual and prefrontal cortex, total brain, liver and plasma. We hypothesized that continuous VGB dosing would reveal numerous hitherto undescribed amino acid disturbances. Consistent amino acid elevations across tissues included GABA, β-alanine, carnosine, ornithine and AADA, as well as neuroactive aspartic and glutamic acids, serine and glycine. Maximal increase of AADA in eye occurred at 35 mg/kg/d (41 ± 2 nmol/g (n = 21, vehicle) to 60 ± 8.5 (n = 8)), and at 70 mg/kg/d for brain (97 ± 6 (n = 21) to 145 ± 6 (n = 6)), visual cortex (128 ± 6 to 215 ± 19) and prefrontal cortex (124 ± 11 to 200 ± 13; mean ± SEM; p < 0.05), the first demonstration of tissue AADA accumulation with VGB in mammal. VGB effects on basic amino acids, including guanidino-species, suggested the capacity of VGB to alter urea cycle function and nitrogen disposal. The known toxicity of AADA in retinal glial cells highlights new avenues for assessing VGB retinal toxicity and other off-target effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana C Walters
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Erland Arning
- Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Teodoro Bottiglieri
- Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Erwin E W Jansen
- Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - Gajja S Salomons
- Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - Madalyn N Brown
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Michelle A Schmidt
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Garrett R Ainslie
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Jean-Baptiste Roullet
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - K Michael Gibson
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA.
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van der Knaap MS, Bugiani M, Mendes MI, Riley LG, Smith DEC, Rudinger-Thirion J, Frugier M, Breur M, Crawford J, van Gaalen J, Schouten M, Willems M, Waisfisz Q, Mau-Them FT, Rodenburg RJ, Taft RJ, Keren B, Christodoulou J, Depienne C, Simons C, Salomons GS, Mochel F. Biallelic variants in LARS2 and KARS cause deafness and (ovario)leukodystrophy. Neurology 2019; 92:e1225-e1237. [PMID: 30737337 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000007098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the leukodystrophy caused by pathogenic variants in LARS2 and KARS, encoding mitochondrial leucyl transfer RNA (tRNA) synthase and mitochondrial and cytoplasmic lysyl tRNA synthase, respectively. METHODS We composed a group of 5 patients with leukodystrophy, in whom whole-genome or whole-exome sequencing revealed pathogenic variants in LARS2 or KARS. Clinical information, brain MRIs, and postmortem brain autopsy data were collected. We assessed aminoacylation activities of purified mutant recombinant mitochondrial leucyl tRNA synthase and performed aminoacylation assays on patients' lymphoblasts and fibroblasts. RESULTS Patients had a combination of early-onset deafness and later-onset neurologic deterioration caused by progressive brain white matter abnormalities on MRI. Female patients with LARS2 pathogenic variants had premature ovarian failure. In 2 patients, MRI showed additional signs of early-onset vascular abnormalities. In 2 other patients with LARS2 and KARS pathogenic variants, magnetic resonance spectroscopy revealed elevated white matter lactate, suggesting mitochondrial disease. Pathology in one patient with LARS2 pathogenic variants displayed evidence of primary disease of oligodendrocytes and astrocytes with lack of myelin and deficient astrogliosis. Aminoacylation activities of purified recombinant mutant leucyl tRNA synthase showed a 3-fold loss of catalytic efficiency. Aminoacylation assays on patients' lymphoblasts and fibroblasts showed about 50% reduction of enzyme activity. CONCLUSION This study adds LARS2 and KARS pathogenic variants as gene defects that may underlie deafness, ovarian failure, and leukodystrophy with mitochondrial signature. We discuss the specific MRI characteristics shared by leukodystrophies caused by mitochondrial tRNA synthase defects. We propose to add aminoacylation assays as biochemical diagnostic tools for leukodystrophies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjo S van der Knaap
- From the Departments of Child Neurology (M.S.v.d.K., M. Breur) and Neuropathology (M. Bugiani, M. Breur), and Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry (M.I.M., D.E.C.S., G.S.S.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers and Amsterdam Neuroscience; Department of Functional Genomics (M.S.v.d.K.), Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Genetic Metabolic Disorders Research Unit (L.G.R., J. Christodoulou), The Children's Hospital at Westmead, and Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN (J.R.-T., M.F.), UPR 9002, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Strasbourg, France; Institute for Molecular Bioscience (J. Crawford, C.S.), University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia; Department of Neurology (J.v.G.), Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen; Department of Clinical Genetics (M.S.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Departement Génétique Médicale (M.W.), Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHRU de Montpellier, France; Department of Clinical Genetics (Q.W.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, the Netherlands; UF Innovation en Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares (F.T.M.-T.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, France; Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (R.J.R.), Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Illumina Inc. (R.J.T.), San Diego, CA; AP-HP (B.K., F.M.), La Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Department of Genetics, Paris; INSERM U 1127 (B.K., C.D., F.M.), CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France; Murdoch Children's Research Institute (J. Christodoulou, C.S.), Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics (J. Christodoulou), University of Melbourne, Australia; Institute of Human Genetics (C.D.), University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany; and Sorbonne Universités (F.M.), Neurometabolic Clinical Research Group, Paris, France.
| | - Marianna Bugiani
- From the Departments of Child Neurology (M.S.v.d.K., M. Breur) and Neuropathology (M. Bugiani, M. Breur), and Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry (M.I.M., D.E.C.S., G.S.S.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers and Amsterdam Neuroscience; Department of Functional Genomics (M.S.v.d.K.), Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Genetic Metabolic Disorders Research Unit (L.G.R., J. Christodoulou), The Children's Hospital at Westmead, and Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN (J.R.-T., M.F.), UPR 9002, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Strasbourg, France; Institute for Molecular Bioscience (J. Crawford, C.S.), University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia; Department of Neurology (J.v.G.), Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen; Department of Clinical Genetics (M.S.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Departement Génétique Médicale (M.W.), Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHRU de Montpellier, France; Department of Clinical Genetics (Q.W.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, the Netherlands; UF Innovation en Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares (F.T.M.-T.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, France; Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (R.J.R.), Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Illumina Inc. (R.J.T.), San Diego, CA; AP-HP (B.K., F.M.), La Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Department of Genetics, Paris; INSERM U 1127 (B.K., C.D., F.M.), CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France; Murdoch Children's Research Institute (J. Christodoulou, C.S.), Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics (J. Christodoulou), University of Melbourne, Australia; Institute of Human Genetics (C.D.), University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany; and Sorbonne Universités (F.M.), Neurometabolic Clinical Research Group, Paris, France
| | - Marisa I Mendes
- From the Departments of Child Neurology (M.S.v.d.K., M. Breur) and Neuropathology (M. Bugiani, M. Breur), and Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry (M.I.M., D.E.C.S., G.S.S.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers and Amsterdam Neuroscience; Department of Functional Genomics (M.S.v.d.K.), Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Genetic Metabolic Disorders Research Unit (L.G.R., J. Christodoulou), The Children's Hospital at Westmead, and Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN (J.R.-T., M.F.), UPR 9002, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Strasbourg, France; Institute for Molecular Bioscience (J. Crawford, C.S.), University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia; Department of Neurology (J.v.G.), Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen; Department of Clinical Genetics (M.S.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Departement Génétique Médicale (M.W.), Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHRU de Montpellier, France; Department of Clinical Genetics (Q.W.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, the Netherlands; UF Innovation en Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares (F.T.M.-T.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, France; Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (R.J.R.), Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Illumina Inc. (R.J.T.), San Diego, CA; AP-HP (B.K., F.M.), La Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Department of Genetics, Paris; INSERM U 1127 (B.K., C.D., F.M.), CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France; Murdoch Children's Research Institute (J. Christodoulou, C.S.), Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics (J. Christodoulou), University of Melbourne, Australia; Institute of Human Genetics (C.D.), University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany; and Sorbonne Universités (F.M.), Neurometabolic Clinical Research Group, Paris, France
| | - Lisa G Riley
- From the Departments of Child Neurology (M.S.v.d.K., M. Breur) and Neuropathology (M. Bugiani, M. Breur), and Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry (M.I.M., D.E.C.S., G.S.S.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers and Amsterdam Neuroscience; Department of Functional Genomics (M.S.v.d.K.), Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Genetic Metabolic Disorders Research Unit (L.G.R., J. Christodoulou), The Children's Hospital at Westmead, and Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN (J.R.-T., M.F.), UPR 9002, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Strasbourg, France; Institute for Molecular Bioscience (J. Crawford, C.S.), University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia; Department of Neurology (J.v.G.), Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen; Department of Clinical Genetics (M.S.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Departement Génétique Médicale (M.W.), Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHRU de Montpellier, France; Department of Clinical Genetics (Q.W.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, the Netherlands; UF Innovation en Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares (F.T.M.-T.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, France; Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (R.J.R.), Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Illumina Inc. (R.J.T.), San Diego, CA; AP-HP (B.K., F.M.), La Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Department of Genetics, Paris; INSERM U 1127 (B.K., C.D., F.M.), CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France; Murdoch Children's Research Institute (J. Christodoulou, C.S.), Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics (J. Christodoulou), University of Melbourne, Australia; Institute of Human Genetics (C.D.), University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany; and Sorbonne Universités (F.M.), Neurometabolic Clinical Research Group, Paris, France
| | - Desiree E C Smith
- From the Departments of Child Neurology (M.S.v.d.K., M. Breur) and Neuropathology (M. Bugiani, M. Breur), and Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry (M.I.M., D.E.C.S., G.S.S.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers and Amsterdam Neuroscience; Department of Functional Genomics (M.S.v.d.K.), Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Genetic Metabolic Disorders Research Unit (L.G.R., J. Christodoulou), The Children's Hospital at Westmead, and Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN (J.R.-T., M.F.), UPR 9002, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Strasbourg, France; Institute for Molecular Bioscience (J. Crawford, C.S.), University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia; Department of Neurology (J.v.G.), Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen; Department of Clinical Genetics (M.S.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Departement Génétique Médicale (M.W.), Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHRU de Montpellier, France; Department of Clinical Genetics (Q.W.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, the Netherlands; UF Innovation en Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares (F.T.M.-T.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, France; Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (R.J.R.), Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Illumina Inc. (R.J.T.), San Diego, CA; AP-HP (B.K., F.M.), La Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Department of Genetics, Paris; INSERM U 1127 (B.K., C.D., F.M.), CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France; Murdoch Children's Research Institute (J. Christodoulou, C.S.), Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics (J. Christodoulou), University of Melbourne, Australia; Institute of Human Genetics (C.D.), University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany; and Sorbonne Universités (F.M.), Neurometabolic Clinical Research Group, Paris, France
| | - Joëlle Rudinger-Thirion
- From the Departments of Child Neurology (M.S.v.d.K., M. Breur) and Neuropathology (M. Bugiani, M. Breur), and Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry (M.I.M., D.E.C.S., G.S.S.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers and Amsterdam Neuroscience; Department of Functional Genomics (M.S.v.d.K.), Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Genetic Metabolic Disorders Research Unit (L.G.R., J. Christodoulou), The Children's Hospital at Westmead, and Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN (J.R.-T., M.F.), UPR 9002, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Strasbourg, France; Institute for Molecular Bioscience (J. Crawford, C.S.), University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia; Department of Neurology (J.v.G.), Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen; Department of Clinical Genetics (M.S.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Departement Génétique Médicale (M.W.), Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHRU de Montpellier, France; Department of Clinical Genetics (Q.W.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, the Netherlands; UF Innovation en Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares (F.T.M.-T.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, France; Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (R.J.R.), Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Illumina Inc. (R.J.T.), San Diego, CA; AP-HP (B.K., F.M.), La Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Department of Genetics, Paris; INSERM U 1127 (B.K., C.D., F.M.), CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France; Murdoch Children's Research Institute (J. Christodoulou, C.S.), Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics (J. Christodoulou), University of Melbourne, Australia; Institute of Human Genetics (C.D.), University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany; and Sorbonne Universités (F.M.), Neurometabolic Clinical Research Group, Paris, France
| | - Magali Frugier
- From the Departments of Child Neurology (M.S.v.d.K., M. Breur) and Neuropathology (M. Bugiani, M. Breur), and Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry (M.I.M., D.E.C.S., G.S.S.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers and Amsterdam Neuroscience; Department of Functional Genomics (M.S.v.d.K.), Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Genetic Metabolic Disorders Research Unit (L.G.R., J. Christodoulou), The Children's Hospital at Westmead, and Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN (J.R.-T., M.F.), UPR 9002, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Strasbourg, France; Institute for Molecular Bioscience (J. Crawford, C.S.), University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia; Department of Neurology (J.v.G.), Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen; Department of Clinical Genetics (M.S.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Departement Génétique Médicale (M.W.), Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHRU de Montpellier, France; Department of Clinical Genetics (Q.W.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, the Netherlands; UF Innovation en Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares (F.T.M.-T.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, France; Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (R.J.R.), Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Illumina Inc. (R.J.T.), San Diego, CA; AP-HP (B.K., F.M.), La Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Department of Genetics, Paris; INSERM U 1127 (B.K., C.D., F.M.), CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France; Murdoch Children's Research Institute (J. Christodoulou, C.S.), Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics (J. Christodoulou), University of Melbourne, Australia; Institute of Human Genetics (C.D.), University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany; and Sorbonne Universités (F.M.), Neurometabolic Clinical Research Group, Paris, France
| | - Marjolein Breur
- From the Departments of Child Neurology (M.S.v.d.K., M. Breur) and Neuropathology (M. Bugiani, M. Breur), and Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry (M.I.M., D.E.C.S., G.S.S.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers and Amsterdam Neuroscience; Department of Functional Genomics (M.S.v.d.K.), Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Genetic Metabolic Disorders Research Unit (L.G.R., J. Christodoulou), The Children's Hospital at Westmead, and Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN (J.R.-T., M.F.), UPR 9002, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Strasbourg, France; Institute for Molecular Bioscience (J. Crawford, C.S.), University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia; Department of Neurology (J.v.G.), Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen; Department of Clinical Genetics (M.S.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Departement Génétique Médicale (M.W.), Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHRU de Montpellier, France; Department of Clinical Genetics (Q.W.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, the Netherlands; UF Innovation en Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares (F.T.M.-T.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, France; Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (R.J.R.), Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Illumina Inc. (R.J.T.), San Diego, CA; AP-HP (B.K., F.M.), La Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Department of Genetics, Paris; INSERM U 1127 (B.K., C.D., F.M.), CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France; Murdoch Children's Research Institute (J. Christodoulou, C.S.), Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics (J. Christodoulou), University of Melbourne, Australia; Institute of Human Genetics (C.D.), University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany; and Sorbonne Universités (F.M.), Neurometabolic Clinical Research Group, Paris, France
| | - Joanna Crawford
- From the Departments of Child Neurology (M.S.v.d.K., M. Breur) and Neuropathology (M. Bugiani, M. Breur), and Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry (M.I.M., D.E.C.S., G.S.S.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers and Amsterdam Neuroscience; Department of Functional Genomics (M.S.v.d.K.), Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Genetic Metabolic Disorders Research Unit (L.G.R., J. Christodoulou), The Children's Hospital at Westmead, and Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN (J.R.-T., M.F.), UPR 9002, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Strasbourg, France; Institute for Molecular Bioscience (J. Crawford, C.S.), University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia; Department of Neurology (J.v.G.), Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen; Department of Clinical Genetics (M.S.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Departement Génétique Médicale (M.W.), Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHRU de Montpellier, France; Department of Clinical Genetics (Q.W.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, the Netherlands; UF Innovation en Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares (F.T.M.-T.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, France; Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (R.J.R.), Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Illumina Inc. (R.J.T.), San Diego, CA; AP-HP (B.K., F.M.), La Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Department of Genetics, Paris; INSERM U 1127 (B.K., C.D., F.M.), CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France; Murdoch Children's Research Institute (J. Christodoulou, C.S.), Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics (J. Christodoulou), University of Melbourne, Australia; Institute of Human Genetics (C.D.), University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany; and Sorbonne Universités (F.M.), Neurometabolic Clinical Research Group, Paris, France
| | - Judith van Gaalen
- From the Departments of Child Neurology (M.S.v.d.K., M. Breur) and Neuropathology (M. Bugiani, M. Breur), and Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry (M.I.M., D.E.C.S., G.S.S.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers and Amsterdam Neuroscience; Department of Functional Genomics (M.S.v.d.K.), Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Genetic Metabolic Disorders Research Unit (L.G.R., J. Christodoulou), The Children's Hospital at Westmead, and Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN (J.R.-T., M.F.), UPR 9002, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Strasbourg, France; Institute for Molecular Bioscience (J. Crawford, C.S.), University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia; Department of Neurology (J.v.G.), Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen; Department of Clinical Genetics (M.S.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Departement Génétique Médicale (M.W.), Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHRU de Montpellier, France; Department of Clinical Genetics (Q.W.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, the Netherlands; UF Innovation en Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares (F.T.M.-T.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, France; Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (R.J.R.), Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Illumina Inc. (R.J.T.), San Diego, CA; AP-HP (B.K., F.M.), La Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Department of Genetics, Paris; INSERM U 1127 (B.K., C.D., F.M.), CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France; Murdoch Children's Research Institute (J. Christodoulou, C.S.), Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics (J. Christodoulou), University of Melbourne, Australia; Institute of Human Genetics (C.D.), University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany; and Sorbonne Universités (F.M.), Neurometabolic Clinical Research Group, Paris, France
| | - Meyke Schouten
- From the Departments of Child Neurology (M.S.v.d.K., M. Breur) and Neuropathology (M. Bugiani, M. Breur), and Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry (M.I.M., D.E.C.S., G.S.S.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers and Amsterdam Neuroscience; Department of Functional Genomics (M.S.v.d.K.), Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Genetic Metabolic Disorders Research Unit (L.G.R., J. Christodoulou), The Children's Hospital at Westmead, and Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN (J.R.-T., M.F.), UPR 9002, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Strasbourg, France; Institute for Molecular Bioscience (J. Crawford, C.S.), University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia; Department of Neurology (J.v.G.), Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen; Department of Clinical Genetics (M.S.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Departement Génétique Médicale (M.W.), Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHRU de Montpellier, France; Department of Clinical Genetics (Q.W.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, the Netherlands; UF Innovation en Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares (F.T.M.-T.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, France; Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (R.J.R.), Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Illumina Inc. (R.J.T.), San Diego, CA; AP-HP (B.K., F.M.), La Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Department of Genetics, Paris; INSERM U 1127 (B.K., C.D., F.M.), CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France; Murdoch Children's Research Institute (J. Christodoulou, C.S.), Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics (J. Christodoulou), University of Melbourne, Australia; Institute of Human Genetics (C.D.), University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany; and Sorbonne Universités (F.M.), Neurometabolic Clinical Research Group, Paris, France
| | - Marjolaine Willems
- From the Departments of Child Neurology (M.S.v.d.K., M. Breur) and Neuropathology (M. Bugiani, M. Breur), and Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry (M.I.M., D.E.C.S., G.S.S.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers and Amsterdam Neuroscience; Department of Functional Genomics (M.S.v.d.K.), Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Genetic Metabolic Disorders Research Unit (L.G.R., J. Christodoulou), The Children's Hospital at Westmead, and Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN (J.R.-T., M.F.), UPR 9002, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Strasbourg, France; Institute for Molecular Bioscience (J. Crawford, C.S.), University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia; Department of Neurology (J.v.G.), Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen; Department of Clinical Genetics (M.S.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Departement Génétique Médicale (M.W.), Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHRU de Montpellier, France; Department of Clinical Genetics (Q.W.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, the Netherlands; UF Innovation en Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares (F.T.M.-T.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, France; Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (R.J.R.), Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Illumina Inc. (R.J.T.), San Diego, CA; AP-HP (B.K., F.M.), La Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Department of Genetics, Paris; INSERM U 1127 (B.K., C.D., F.M.), CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France; Murdoch Children's Research Institute (J. Christodoulou, C.S.), Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics (J. Christodoulou), University of Melbourne, Australia; Institute of Human Genetics (C.D.), University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany; and Sorbonne Universités (F.M.), Neurometabolic Clinical Research Group, Paris, France
| | - Quinten Waisfisz
- From the Departments of Child Neurology (M.S.v.d.K., M. Breur) and Neuropathology (M. Bugiani, M. Breur), and Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry (M.I.M., D.E.C.S., G.S.S.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers and Amsterdam Neuroscience; Department of Functional Genomics (M.S.v.d.K.), Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Genetic Metabolic Disorders Research Unit (L.G.R., J. Christodoulou), The Children's Hospital at Westmead, and Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN (J.R.-T., M.F.), UPR 9002, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Strasbourg, France; Institute for Molecular Bioscience (J. Crawford, C.S.), University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia; Department of Neurology (J.v.G.), Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen; Department of Clinical Genetics (M.S.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Departement Génétique Médicale (M.W.), Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHRU de Montpellier, France; Department of Clinical Genetics (Q.W.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, the Netherlands; UF Innovation en Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares (F.T.M.-T.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, France; Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (R.J.R.), Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Illumina Inc. (R.J.T.), San Diego, CA; AP-HP (B.K., F.M.), La Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Department of Genetics, Paris; INSERM U 1127 (B.K., C.D., F.M.), CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France; Murdoch Children's Research Institute (J. Christodoulou, C.S.), Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics (J. Christodoulou), University of Melbourne, Australia; Institute of Human Genetics (C.D.), University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany; and Sorbonne Universités (F.M.), Neurometabolic Clinical Research Group, Paris, France
| | - Frederic Tran Mau-Them
- From the Departments of Child Neurology (M.S.v.d.K., M. Breur) and Neuropathology (M. Bugiani, M. Breur), and Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry (M.I.M., D.E.C.S., G.S.S.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers and Amsterdam Neuroscience; Department of Functional Genomics (M.S.v.d.K.), Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Genetic Metabolic Disorders Research Unit (L.G.R., J. Christodoulou), The Children's Hospital at Westmead, and Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN (J.R.-T., M.F.), UPR 9002, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Strasbourg, France; Institute for Molecular Bioscience (J. Crawford, C.S.), University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia; Department of Neurology (J.v.G.), Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen; Department of Clinical Genetics (M.S.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Departement Génétique Médicale (M.W.), Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHRU de Montpellier, France; Department of Clinical Genetics (Q.W.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, the Netherlands; UF Innovation en Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares (F.T.M.-T.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, France; Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (R.J.R.), Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Illumina Inc. (R.J.T.), San Diego, CA; AP-HP (B.K., F.M.), La Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Department of Genetics, Paris; INSERM U 1127 (B.K., C.D., F.M.), CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France; Murdoch Children's Research Institute (J. Christodoulou, C.S.), Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics (J. Christodoulou), University of Melbourne, Australia; Institute of Human Genetics (C.D.), University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany; and Sorbonne Universités (F.M.), Neurometabolic Clinical Research Group, Paris, France
| | - Richard J Rodenburg
- From the Departments of Child Neurology (M.S.v.d.K., M. Breur) and Neuropathology (M. Bugiani, M. Breur), and Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry (M.I.M., D.E.C.S., G.S.S.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers and Amsterdam Neuroscience; Department of Functional Genomics (M.S.v.d.K.), Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Genetic Metabolic Disorders Research Unit (L.G.R., J. Christodoulou), The Children's Hospital at Westmead, and Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN (J.R.-T., M.F.), UPR 9002, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Strasbourg, France; Institute for Molecular Bioscience (J. Crawford, C.S.), University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia; Department of Neurology (J.v.G.), Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen; Department of Clinical Genetics (M.S.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Departement Génétique Médicale (M.W.), Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHRU de Montpellier, France; Department of Clinical Genetics (Q.W.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, the Netherlands; UF Innovation en Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares (F.T.M.-T.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, France; Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (R.J.R.), Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Illumina Inc. (R.J.T.), San Diego, CA; AP-HP (B.K., F.M.), La Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Department of Genetics, Paris; INSERM U 1127 (B.K., C.D., F.M.), CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France; Murdoch Children's Research Institute (J. Christodoulou, C.S.), Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics (J. Christodoulou), University of Melbourne, Australia; Institute of Human Genetics (C.D.), University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany; and Sorbonne Universités (F.M.), Neurometabolic Clinical Research Group, Paris, France
| | - Ryan J Taft
- From the Departments of Child Neurology (M.S.v.d.K., M. Breur) and Neuropathology (M. Bugiani, M. Breur), and Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry (M.I.M., D.E.C.S., G.S.S.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers and Amsterdam Neuroscience; Department of Functional Genomics (M.S.v.d.K.), Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Genetic Metabolic Disorders Research Unit (L.G.R., J. Christodoulou), The Children's Hospital at Westmead, and Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN (J.R.-T., M.F.), UPR 9002, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Strasbourg, France; Institute for Molecular Bioscience (J. Crawford, C.S.), University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia; Department of Neurology (J.v.G.), Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen; Department of Clinical Genetics (M.S.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Departement Génétique Médicale (M.W.), Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHRU de Montpellier, France; Department of Clinical Genetics (Q.W.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, the Netherlands; UF Innovation en Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares (F.T.M.-T.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, France; Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (R.J.R.), Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Illumina Inc. (R.J.T.), San Diego, CA; AP-HP (B.K., F.M.), La Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Department of Genetics, Paris; INSERM U 1127 (B.K., C.D., F.M.), CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France; Murdoch Children's Research Institute (J. Christodoulou, C.S.), Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics (J. Christodoulou), University of Melbourne, Australia; Institute of Human Genetics (C.D.), University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany; and Sorbonne Universités (F.M.), Neurometabolic Clinical Research Group, Paris, France
| | - Boris Keren
- From the Departments of Child Neurology (M.S.v.d.K., M. Breur) and Neuropathology (M. Bugiani, M. Breur), and Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry (M.I.M., D.E.C.S., G.S.S.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers and Amsterdam Neuroscience; Department of Functional Genomics (M.S.v.d.K.), Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Genetic Metabolic Disorders Research Unit (L.G.R., J. Christodoulou), The Children's Hospital at Westmead, and Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN (J.R.-T., M.F.), UPR 9002, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Strasbourg, France; Institute for Molecular Bioscience (J. Crawford, C.S.), University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia; Department of Neurology (J.v.G.), Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen; Department of Clinical Genetics (M.S.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Departement Génétique Médicale (M.W.), Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHRU de Montpellier, France; Department of Clinical Genetics (Q.W.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, the Netherlands; UF Innovation en Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares (F.T.M.-T.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, France; Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (R.J.R.), Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Illumina Inc. (R.J.T.), San Diego, CA; AP-HP (B.K., F.M.), La Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Department of Genetics, Paris; INSERM U 1127 (B.K., C.D., F.M.), CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France; Murdoch Children's Research Institute (J. Christodoulou, C.S.), Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics (J. Christodoulou), University of Melbourne, Australia; Institute of Human Genetics (C.D.), University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany; and Sorbonne Universités (F.M.), Neurometabolic Clinical Research Group, Paris, France
| | - John Christodoulou
- From the Departments of Child Neurology (M.S.v.d.K., M. Breur) and Neuropathology (M. Bugiani, M. Breur), and Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry (M.I.M., D.E.C.S., G.S.S.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers and Amsterdam Neuroscience; Department of Functional Genomics (M.S.v.d.K.), Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Genetic Metabolic Disorders Research Unit (L.G.R., J. Christodoulou), The Children's Hospital at Westmead, and Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN (J.R.-T., M.F.), UPR 9002, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Strasbourg, France; Institute for Molecular Bioscience (J. Crawford, C.S.), University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia; Department of Neurology (J.v.G.), Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen; Department of Clinical Genetics (M.S.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Departement Génétique Médicale (M.W.), Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHRU de Montpellier, France; Department of Clinical Genetics (Q.W.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, the Netherlands; UF Innovation en Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares (F.T.M.-T.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, France; Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (R.J.R.), Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Illumina Inc. (R.J.T.), San Diego, CA; AP-HP (B.K., F.M.), La Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Department of Genetics, Paris; INSERM U 1127 (B.K., C.D., F.M.), CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France; Murdoch Children's Research Institute (J. Christodoulou, C.S.), Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics (J. Christodoulou), University of Melbourne, Australia; Institute of Human Genetics (C.D.), University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany; and Sorbonne Universités (F.M.), Neurometabolic Clinical Research Group, Paris, France
| | - Christel Depienne
- From the Departments of Child Neurology (M.S.v.d.K., M. Breur) and Neuropathology (M. Bugiani, M. Breur), and Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry (M.I.M., D.E.C.S., G.S.S.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers and Amsterdam Neuroscience; Department of Functional Genomics (M.S.v.d.K.), Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Genetic Metabolic Disorders Research Unit (L.G.R., J. Christodoulou), The Children's Hospital at Westmead, and Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN (J.R.-T., M.F.), UPR 9002, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Strasbourg, France; Institute for Molecular Bioscience (J. Crawford, C.S.), University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia; Department of Neurology (J.v.G.), Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen; Department of Clinical Genetics (M.S.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Departement Génétique Médicale (M.W.), Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHRU de Montpellier, France; Department of Clinical Genetics (Q.W.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, the Netherlands; UF Innovation en Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares (F.T.M.-T.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, France; Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (R.J.R.), Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Illumina Inc. (R.J.T.), San Diego, CA; AP-HP (B.K., F.M.), La Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Department of Genetics, Paris; INSERM U 1127 (B.K., C.D., F.M.), CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France; Murdoch Children's Research Institute (J. Christodoulou, C.S.), Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics (J. Christodoulou), University of Melbourne, Australia; Institute of Human Genetics (C.D.), University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany; and Sorbonne Universités (F.M.), Neurometabolic Clinical Research Group, Paris, France
| | - Cas Simons
- From the Departments of Child Neurology (M.S.v.d.K., M. Breur) and Neuropathology (M. Bugiani, M. Breur), and Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry (M.I.M., D.E.C.S., G.S.S.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers and Amsterdam Neuroscience; Department of Functional Genomics (M.S.v.d.K.), Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Genetic Metabolic Disorders Research Unit (L.G.R., J. Christodoulou), The Children's Hospital at Westmead, and Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN (J.R.-T., M.F.), UPR 9002, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Strasbourg, France; Institute for Molecular Bioscience (J. Crawford, C.S.), University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia; Department of Neurology (J.v.G.), Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen; Department of Clinical Genetics (M.S.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Departement Génétique Médicale (M.W.), Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHRU de Montpellier, France; Department of Clinical Genetics (Q.W.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, the Netherlands; UF Innovation en Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares (F.T.M.-T.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, France; Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (R.J.R.), Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Illumina Inc. (R.J.T.), San Diego, CA; AP-HP (B.K., F.M.), La Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Department of Genetics, Paris; INSERM U 1127 (B.K., C.D., F.M.), CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France; Murdoch Children's Research Institute (J. Christodoulou, C.S.), Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics (J. Christodoulou), University of Melbourne, Australia; Institute of Human Genetics (C.D.), University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany; and Sorbonne Universités (F.M.), Neurometabolic Clinical Research Group, Paris, France
| | - Gajja S Salomons
- From the Departments of Child Neurology (M.S.v.d.K., M. Breur) and Neuropathology (M. Bugiani, M. Breur), and Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry (M.I.M., D.E.C.S., G.S.S.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers and Amsterdam Neuroscience; Department of Functional Genomics (M.S.v.d.K.), Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Genetic Metabolic Disorders Research Unit (L.G.R., J. Christodoulou), The Children's Hospital at Westmead, and Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN (J.R.-T., M.F.), UPR 9002, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Strasbourg, France; Institute for Molecular Bioscience (J. Crawford, C.S.), University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia; Department of Neurology (J.v.G.), Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen; Department of Clinical Genetics (M.S.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Departement Génétique Médicale (M.W.), Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHRU de Montpellier, France; Department of Clinical Genetics (Q.W.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, the Netherlands; UF Innovation en Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares (F.T.M.-T.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, France; Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (R.J.R.), Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Illumina Inc. (R.J.T.), San Diego, CA; AP-HP (B.K., F.M.), La Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Department of Genetics, Paris; INSERM U 1127 (B.K., C.D., F.M.), CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France; Murdoch Children's Research Institute (J. Christodoulou, C.S.), Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics (J. Christodoulou), University of Melbourne, Australia; Institute of Human Genetics (C.D.), University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany; and Sorbonne Universités (F.M.), Neurometabolic Clinical Research Group, Paris, France
| | - Fanny Mochel
- From the Departments of Child Neurology (M.S.v.d.K., M. Breur) and Neuropathology (M. Bugiani, M. Breur), and Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry (M.I.M., D.E.C.S., G.S.S.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers and Amsterdam Neuroscience; Department of Functional Genomics (M.S.v.d.K.), Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Genetic Metabolic Disorders Research Unit (L.G.R., J. Christodoulou), The Children's Hospital at Westmead, and Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN (J.R.-T., M.F.), UPR 9002, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Strasbourg, France; Institute for Molecular Bioscience (J. Crawford, C.S.), University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia; Department of Neurology (J.v.G.), Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen; Department of Clinical Genetics (M.S.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Departement Génétique Médicale (M.W.), Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHRU de Montpellier, France; Department of Clinical Genetics (Q.W.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, the Netherlands; UF Innovation en Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares (F.T.M.-T.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, France; Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (R.J.R.), Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Illumina Inc. (R.J.T.), San Diego, CA; AP-HP (B.K., F.M.), La Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Department of Genetics, Paris; INSERM U 1127 (B.K., C.D., F.M.), CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France; Murdoch Children's Research Institute (J. Christodoulou, C.S.), Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics (J. Christodoulou), University of Melbourne, Australia; Institute of Human Genetics (C.D.), University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany; and Sorbonne Universités (F.M.), Neurometabolic Clinical Research Group, Paris, France
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Walters DC, Jansen EEW, Ainslie GR, Salomons GS, Brown MN, Schmidt MA, Roullet J, Gibson KM. Preclinical tissue distribution and metabolic correlations of vigabatrin, an antiepileptic drug associated with potential use-limiting visual field defects. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2019; 7:e00456. [PMID: 30631446 PMCID: PMC6321982 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Vigabatrin (VGB; (S)-(+)/(R)-(-) 4-aminohex-5-enoic acid), an antiepileptic irreversibly inactivating GABA transaminase (GABA-T), manifests use-limiting ocular toxicity. Hypothesizing that the active S enantiomer of VGB would preferentially accumulate in eye and visual cortex (VC) as one potential mechanism for ocular toxicity, we infused racemic VGB into mice via subcutaneous minipump at 35, 70, and 140 mg/kg/d (n = 6-8 animals/dose) for 12 days. VGB enantiomers, total GABA and β-alanine (BALA), 4-guanidinobutyrate (4-GBA), and creatine were quantified by mass spectrometry in eye, brain, liver, prefrontal cortex (PFC), and VC. Plasma VGB concentrations increased linearly by dose (3 ± 0.76 (35 mg/kg/d); 15.1 ± 1.4 (70 mg/kg/d); 34.6 ± 3.2 μmol/L (140 mg/kg/d); mean ± SEM) with an S/R ratio of 0.74 ± 0.02 (n = 14). Steady state S/R ratios (35, 70 mg/kg/d doses) were highest in eye (5.5 ± 0.2; P < 0.0001), followed by VC (3.9 ± 0.4), PFC (3.6 ± 0.3), liver (2.9 ± 0.1), and brain (1.5 ± 0.1; n = 13-14 each). Total VGB content of eye exceeded that of brain, PFC and VC at all doses. High-dose VGB diminished endogenous metabolite production, especially in PFC and VC. GABA significantly increased in all tissues (all doses) except brain; BALA increases were confined to liver and VC; and 4-GBA was prominently increased in brain, PFC and VC (and eye at high dose). Linear correlations between enantiomers and GABA were observed in all tissues, but only in PFC/VC for BALA, 4-GBA, and creatine. Preferential accumulation of the VGB S isomer in eye and VC may provide new insight into VGB ocular toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana C. Walters
- Department of PharmacotherapyCollege of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesWashington State UniversitySpokaneWashington
| | - Erwin E. W. Jansen
- Metabolic LaboratoryDepartment of Clinical ChemistryAmsterdam University Medical CenterAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Garrett R. Ainslie
- Department of PharmacotherapyCollege of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesWashington State UniversitySpokaneWashington
| | - Gajja S. Salomons
- Metabolic LaboratoryDepartment of Clinical ChemistryAmsterdam University Medical CenterAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Madalyn N. Brown
- Department of PharmacotherapyCollege of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesWashington State UniversitySpokaneWashington
| | - Michelle A. Schmidt
- Department of PharmacotherapyCollege of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesWashington State UniversitySpokaneWashington
| | - Jean‐Baptiste Roullet
- Department of PharmacotherapyCollege of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesWashington State UniversitySpokaneWashington
| | - K. M. Gibson
- Department of PharmacotherapyCollege of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesWashington State UniversitySpokaneWashington
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Williams M, Valayannopoulos V, Altassan R, Chung WK, Heijboer AC, Keng WT, Lapatto R, McClean P, Mulder MF, Tylki-Szymańska A, Walenkamp MJE, Alfadhel M, Alakeel H, Salomons GS, Eyaid W, Wamelink MMC. Clinical, biochemical, and molecular overview of transaldolase deficiency and evaluation of the endocrine function: Update of 34 patients. J Inherit Metab Dis 2019; 42:147-158. [PMID: 30740741 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transaldolase deficiency (TALDO-D) is a rare autosomal recessive inborn error of the pentose phosphate pathway. Since its first description in 2001, several case reports have been published, but there has been no comprehensive overview of phenotype, genotype, and phenotype-genotype correlation. METHODS We performed a retrospective questionnaire and literature study of clinical, biochemical, and molecular data of 34 patients from 25 families with proven TALDO-D. In some patients, endocrine abnormalities have been found. To further evaluate these abnormalities, we performed biochemical investigations on blood of 14 patients. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Most patients (n = 22) had an early-onset presentation (prenatally or before 1 month of age); 12 patients had a late-onset presentation (3 months to 9 years). Main presenting symptoms were intrauterine growth restriction, dysmorphic facial features, congenital heart disease, anemia, thrombocytopenia, and hepato(spleno)megaly. An older sib of two affected patients was asymptomatic until the age of 9 years, and only after molecular diagnosis was hepatomegaly noted. In some patients, there was gonadal dysfunction with low levels of testosterone and secondary luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) abnormalities later in life. This overview provides information that can be helpful for managing patients and counseling families regarding prognosis. Diagnostic guidelines, possible genotype-phenotype correlations, treatment options, and pathophysiological disease mechanisms are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique Williams
- Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vassili Valayannopoulos
- Sanofi Genzyme, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Reference Center for Inherited Metabolic Disease, Institut IMAGINE, Hopital Universitaire Necker - Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Ruqaiah Altassan
- King Abdulaziz Medical City-Riyadh, National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wendy K Chung
- Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Annemieke C Heijboer
- Endocrine Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wei Teik Keng
- Genetic Department, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Risto Lapatto
- Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Patricia McClean
- Children's Liver Unit, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Margot F Mulder
- Department of Pediatrics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Tylki-Szymańska
- Department of Pediatric, Nutrition and Metabolic Disease, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Majid Alfadhel
- King Abdulaziz Medical City-Riyadh, National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hajar Alakeel
- King Abdulaziz Medical City-Riyadh, National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gajja S Salomons
- Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wafaa Eyaid
- King Abdulaziz Medical City-Riyadh, National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mirjam M C Wamelink
- Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Gao Y, de Wit M, Struys EA, van der Linde HCZ, Salomons GS, Lamfers MLM, Willemsen R, Sillevis Smitt PAE, French PJ. IDH1-mutated transgenic zebrafish lines: An in-vivo model for drug screening and functional analysis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199737. [PMID: 29953513 PMCID: PMC6023169 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The gene encoding isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) is frequently mutated in several tumor types including gliomas. The most prevalent mutation in gliomas is a missense mutation leading to a substitution of arginine with histidine at the residue 132 (R132H). Wild type IDH1 catalyzes oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate to α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) whereas mutant IDH1 converts α-KG into D2-hydroxyglutarate (D2HG). Unfortunately, there are few in vivo model systems for IDH-mutated tumors to study the effects of IDH1 mutations in tumor development. We have therefore created transgenic zebrafish lines that express various IDH1 mutants. Materials and methods IDH1 mutations (IDH1R132H, IDH1R132C and loss-of-function mutation IDH1G70D), IDH1wildtype or eGFP were cloned into constructs with several brain-specific promoters (Nestin, Gfap or Gata2). These constructs were injected into fertilized zebrafish eggs at the one-cell stage. Results In total more than ten transgenic zebrafish lines expressing various brain-specific IDH1 mutations were created. A significant increase in the level of D2HG was observed in all transgenic lines expressing IDH1R132C or IDH1R132H, but not in any of the lines expressing IDH1wildtype, IDH1G70D or eGFP. No differences in 5-hydroxymethyl cytosine and mature collagen IV levels were observed between wildtype and mutant IDH1 transgenic fish. To our surprise, we failed to identify any strong phenotype, despite increased levels of the oncometabolite D2HG. No tumors were observed, even when backcrossing with tp53-mutant fish which suggests that additional transforming events are required for tumor formation. Elevated D2HG levels could be lowered by treatment of the transgenic zebrafish with an inhibitor of mutant IDH1 activity. Conclusions We have generated a transgenic zebrafish model system for mutations in IDH1 that can be used for functional analysis and drug screening. Our model systems help understand the biology of IDH1 mutations and its role in tumor formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Gao
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maurice de Wit
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eduard A. Struys
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Gajja S. Salomons
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Rob Willemsen
- Department of Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Pim J. French
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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Bruun TUJ, Sidky S, Bandeira AO, Debray FG, Ficicioglu C, Goldstein J, Joost K, Koeberl DD, Luísa D, Nassogne MC, O'Sullivan S, Õunap K, Schulze A, van Maldergem L, Salomons GS, Mercimek-Andrews S. Treatment outcome of creatine transporter deficiency: international retrospective cohort study. Metab Brain Dis 2018; 33:875-884. [PMID: 29435807 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-018-0197-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the outcome of current treatment for creatine transporter (CRTR) deficiency, we developed a clinical severity score and initiated an international treatment registry. An online questionnaire was completed by physicians following patients with CRTR deficiency on a treatment, including creatine and/or arginine, and/or glycine. Clinical severity score included 1) global developmental delay/intellectual disability; 2) seizures; 3) behavioural disorder. Phenotype scored 1-3 = mild; 4-6 = moderate; and 7-9 = severe. We applied the clinical severity score pre- and on-treatment. Seventeen patients, 14 males and 3 females, from 16 families were included. Four patients had severe, 6 patients had moderate, and 7 patients had a mild phenotype. The phenotype ranged from mild to severe in patients diagnosed at or before 2 years of age or older than 6 years of age. The phenotype ranged from mild to severe in patients with mildly elevated urine creatine to creatinine ratio. Fourteen patients were on the combined creatine, arginine and glycine therapy. On the combined treatment with creatine, arginine and glycine, none of the males showed either deterioration or improvements in their clinical severity score, whereas two females showed improvements in the clinical severity score. Creatine monotherapy resulted in deterioration of the clinical severity score in one male. There seems to be no correlation between phenotype and degree of elevation in urine creatine to creatinine ratio, genotype, or age at diagnosis. Combined creatine, arginine and glycine therapy might have stopped disease progression in males and improved phenotype in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodora U J Bruun
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sarah Sidky
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anabela O Bandeira
- Pediatrics, Metabolic Unit, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Can Ficicioglu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jennifer Goldstein
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, North, USA
| | - Kairit Joost
- Department of Clinical Genetics, United Laboratories, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Dwight D Koeberl
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, North, USA
| | - Diogo Luísa
- Metabolic Unit - Child Development Center, Hospital Pediátrico, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marie-Cecile Nassogne
- Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Woluwe-Saint-Lambert, Belgium
| | - Siobhan O'Sullivan
- Department of Metabolic Paediatrics, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Belfast, UK
| | - Katrin Õunap
- Department of Clinical Genetics, United Laboratories, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Andreas Schulze
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Departments of Paediatrics and Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Gajja S Salomons
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Saadet Mercimek-Andrews
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada.
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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von Renesse A, Morales-Gonzalez S, Gill E, Salomons GS, Stenzel W, Schuelke M. Muscle Weakness, Cardiomyopathy, and L-2-Hydroxyglutaric Aciduria Associated with a Novel Recessive SLC25A4 Mutation. JIMD Rep 2018; 43:27-35. [PMID: 29654543 DOI: 10.1007/8904_2018_93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in SLC25A4 (syn. ANT1, Adenine nucleotide translocase, type 1) are known to cause either autosomal dominant progressive external ophthalmoplegia (adPEO) or recessive mitochondrial myopathy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and lactic acidosis. METHODS AND RESULTS Whole exome sequencing in a young man with myopathy, subsarcolemmal mitochondrial aggregations, cardiomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and L-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria (L-2-HGA) revealed a new homozygous mutation in SLC25A4 [c.653A>C, NM_001151], leading to the replacement of a highly conserved glutamine by proline [p.(Q218P); NP_001142] that most likely affects the folding of the ANT1 protein. No pathogenic mutation was found in L2HGDH, which is associated with "classic" L-2-HGA. Furthermore, L-2-HGDH enzymatic activity in the patient fibroblasts was normal. Long-range PCR and Southern blot confirmed absence of mtDNA-deletions in blood and muscle. CONCLUSION The disturbed ADP/ATP transport across the inner mitochondrial membrane may lead to an accumulation of different TCA-cycle intermediates such as 2-ketoglutarate (2-KG) in our patient. As L-2-HG is generated from 2-KG we hypothesize that the L-2-HG increase is a secondary effect of 2-KG accumulation. Hence, our report expands the spectrum of laboratory findings in ANT1-related diseases and hints towards a connection with organic acidurias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja von Renesse
- NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany.,Department of Neuropediatrics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanne Morales-Gonzalez
- NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Esther Gill
- NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Gajja S Salomons
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Werner Stenzel
- Department of Neuropathology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus Schuelke
- NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany. .,Department of Neuropediatrics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany.
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Mendes MI, Gutierrez Salazar M, Guerrero K, Thiffault I, Salomons GS, Gauquelin L, Tran LT, Forget D, Gauthier MS, Waisfisz Q, Smith DE, Simons C, van der Knaap MS, Marquardt I, Lemes A, Mierzewska H, Weschke B, Koehler W, Coulombe B, Wolf NI, Bernard G. Bi-allelic Mutations in EPRS, Encoding the Glutamyl-Prolyl-Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetase, Cause a Hypomyelinating Leukodystrophy. Am J Hum Genet 2018; 102:676-684. [PMID: 29576217 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2018.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypomyelinating leukodystrophies are genetic disorders characterized by insufficient myelin deposition during development. They are diagnosed on the basis of both clinical and MRI features followed by genetic confirmation. Here, we report on four unrelated affected individuals with hypomyelination and bi-allelic pathogenic variants in EPRS, the gene encoding cytoplasmic glutamyl-prolyl-aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase. EPRS is a bifunctional aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase that catalyzes the aminoacylation of glutamic acid and proline tRNA species. It is a subunit of a large multisynthetase complex composed of eight aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases and its three interacting proteins. In total, five different EPRS mutations were identified. The p.Pro1115Arg variation did not affect the assembly of the multisynthetase complex (MSC) as monitored by affinity purification-mass spectrometry. However, immunoblot analyses on protein extracts from fibroblasts of the two affected individuals sharing the p.Pro1115Arg variant showed reduced EPRS amounts. EPRS activity was reduced in one affected individual's lymphoblasts and in a purified recombinant protein model. Interestingly, two other cytoplasmic aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases have previously been implicated in hypomyelinating leukodystrophies bearing clinical and radiological similarities to those in the individuals we studied. We therefore hypothesized that leukodystrophies caused by mutations in genes encoding cytoplasmic aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases share a common underlying mechanism, such as reduced protein availability, abnormal assembly of the multisynthetase complex, and/or abnormal aminoacylation, all resulting in reduced translation capacity and insufficient myelin deposition in the developing brain.
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Kamps R, Szklarczyk R, Theunissen TE, Hellebrekers DMEI, Sallevelt SCEH, Boesten IB, de Koning B, van den Bosch BJ, Salomons GS, Simas-Mendes M, Verdijk R, Schoonderwoerd K, de Coo IFM, Vanoevelen JM, Smeets HJM. Genetic defects in mtDNA-encoded protein translation cause pediatric, mitochondrial cardiomyopathy with early-onset brain disease. Eur J Hum Genet 2018; 26:537-551. [PMID: 29440775 PMCID: PMC5891491 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-017-0058-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to identify gene defects in pediatric cardiomyopathy and early-onset brain disease with oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) deficiencies. We applied whole-exome sequencing in three patients with pediatric cardiomyopathy and early-onset brain disease with OXPHOS deficiencies. The brain pathology was studied by MRI analysis. In consanguineous patient 1, we identified a homozygous intronic variant (c.850-3A > G) in the QRSL1 gene, which was predicted to cause abnormal splicing. The variant segregated with the disease and affected the protein function, which was confirmed by complementation studies, restoring OXPHOS function only with wild-type QRSL1. Patient 2 was compound heterozygous for two novel affected and disease-causing variants (c.[253G > A];[938G > A]) in the MTO1 gene. In patient 3, we detected one unknown affected and disease-causing variants (c.2872C > T) and one known disease-causing variant (c.1774C > T) in the AARS2 gene. The c.1774C > T variant was present in the paternal copy of the AARS2 gene, the c.2872C > T in the maternal copy. All genes were involved in translation of mtDNA-encoded proteins. Defects in mtDNA-encoded protein translation lead to severe pediatric cardiomyopathy and brain disease with OXPHOS abnormalities. This suggests that the heart and brain are particularly sensitive to defects in mitochondrial protein synthesis during late embryonic or early postnatal development, probably due to the massive mitochondrial biogenesis occurring at that stage. If both the heart and brain are involved, the prognosis is poor with a likely fatal outcome at young age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rick Kamps
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Radek Szklarczyk
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Tom E Theunissen
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Iris B Boesten
- Department of Clinical Genetics, MUMC, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Bart de Koning
- Department of Clinical Genetics, MUMC, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Gajja S Salomons
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, VU University Medical Center/Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marisa Simas-Mendes
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, VU University Medical Center/Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rob Verdijk
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kees Schoonderwoerd
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jo M Vanoevelen
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Genetics, MUMC, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Hubert J M Smeets
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
- School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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Pop A, Williams M, Struys EA, Monné M, Jansen EEW, De Grassi A, Kanhai WA, Scarcia P, Ojeda MRF, Porcelli V, van Dooren SJM, Lennertz P, Nota B, Abdenur JE, Coman D, Das AM, El-Gharbawy A, Nuoffer JM, Polic B, Santer R, Weinhold N, Zuccarelli B, Palmieri F, Palmieri L, Salomons GS. An overview of combined D-2- and L-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria: functional analysis of CIC variants. J Inherit Metab Dis 2018; 41:169-180. [PMID: 29238895 PMCID: PMC5830478 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-017-0106-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Combined D-2- and L-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria (D/L-2-HGA) is a devastating neurometabolic disorder, usually lethal in the first years of life. Autosomal recessive mutations in the SLC25A1 gene, which encodes the mitochondrial citrate carrier (CIC), were previously detected in patients affected with combined D/L-2-HGA. We showed that transfection of deficient fibroblasts with wild-type SLC25A1 restored citrate efflux and decreased intracellular 2-hydroxyglutarate levels, confirming that deficient CIC is the cause of D/L-2-HGA. We developed and implemented a functional assay and applied it to all 17 missense variants detected in a total of 26 CIC-deficient patients, including eight novel cases, showing reduced activities of varying degrees. In addition, we analyzed the importance of residues affected by these missense variants using our existing scoring system. This allowed not only a clinical and biochemical overview of the D/L-2-HGA patients but also phenotype-genotype correlation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Pop
- Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU Medical Center Metabolic Unit PK 1X009, Postbus 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Monique Williams
- Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU Medical Center Metabolic Unit PK 1X009, Postbus 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eduard A Struys
- Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU Medical Center Metabolic Unit PK 1X009, Postbus 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Magnus Monné
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
| | - Erwin E W Jansen
- Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU Medical Center Metabolic Unit PK 1X009, Postbus 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anna De Grassi
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Warsha A Kanhai
- Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU Medical Center Metabolic Unit PK 1X009, Postbus 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pasquale Scarcia
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Matilde R Fernandez Ojeda
- Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU Medical Center Metabolic Unit PK 1X009, Postbus 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vito Porcelli
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Silvy J M van Dooren
- Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU Medical Center Metabolic Unit PK 1X009, Postbus 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pascal Lennertz
- Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU Medical Center Metabolic Unit PK 1X009, Postbus 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Benjamin Nota
- Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU Medical Center Metabolic Unit PK 1X009, Postbus 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jose E Abdenur
- Division of Metabolic Disorders, CHOC Children's, Orange, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - David Coman
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Lady Cilento Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland Brisbane, Griffith University Gold Coast, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Anibh Martin Das
- Clinic for Pediatric Kidney-, Liver- and Metabolic Diseases, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Areeg El-Gharbawy
- Department of Pediatrics and Division of Medical Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jean-Marc Nuoffer
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism and University Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Inselspital, University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Branka Polic
- Department of Pediatrics, PICU, University Hospital Centre, Split, Croatia
| | - René Santer
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Natalie Weinhold
- Sozialpädiatrisches Zentrum, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Ferdinando Palmieri
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Bari, Italy
| | - Luigi Palmieri
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Bari, Italy.
| | - Gajja S Salomons
- Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU Medical Center Metabolic Unit PK 1X009, Postbus 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Zabinyakov N, Bullivant G, Cao F, Fernandez Ojeda M, Jia ZP, Wen XY, Dowling JJ, Salomons GS, Mercimek-Andrews S. Characterization of the first knock-out aldh7a1 zebrafish model for pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy using CRISPR-Cas9 technology. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186645. [PMID: 29053735 PMCID: PMC5650160 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyridoxine dependent epilepsy (PDE) is caused by likely pathogenic variants in ALDH7A1 (PDE-ALDH7A1) and inherited autosomal recessively. Neurotoxic alpha-amino adipic semialdehyde (alpha-AASA), piperideine 6-carboxylate and pipecolic acid accumulate in body fluids. Neonatal or infantile onset seizures refractory to anti-epileptic medications are clinical features. Treatment with pyridoxine, arginine and lysine-restricted diet does not normalize neurodevelopmental outcome or accumulation of neurotoxic metabolites. There is no animal model for high throughput drug screening. For this reason, we developed and characterized the first knock-out aldh7a1 zebrafish model using CRISPR-Cas9 technology. Zebrafish aldh7a1 mutants were generated by using a vector free method of CRISPR-Cas9 mutagenesis. Genotype analysis of aldh7a1 knock-out zebrafish was performed by high resolution melt analysis, direct sequencing and QIAxcel system. Electroencephalogram was performed. Alpha-AASA, piperideine 6-carboxylate and pipecolic acid, were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Our knock-out aldh7a1 zebrafish has homozygous 5 base pair (bp) mutation in ALDH7A1. Knock-out aldh7a1 embryos have spontaneous rapid increase in locomotion and a rapid circling swim behavior earliest 8-day post fertilization (dpf). Electroencephalogram revealed large amplitude spike discharges compared to wild type. Knock-out aldh7a1 embryos have elevated alpha-AASA, piperideine 6-carboxylate and pipecolic acid compared to wild type embryos at 3 dpf. Knock-out aldh7a1 embryos showed no aldh7a1 protein by western blot compared to wild type. Our knock-out aldh7a1 zebrafish is a well characterized model for large-scale drug screening using behavioral and biochemical features and accurately recapitulates the human PDE-ALDH7A1 disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Zabinyakov
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Garrett Bullivant
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Feng Cao
- Neurosciences and Mental Health Program, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Matilde Fernandez Ojeda
- Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Neuroscience Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Zheng Ping Jia
- Neurosciences and Mental Health Program, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Xiao-Yan Wen
- Zebrafish Centre for Advanced Drug Discovery & Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - James J. Dowling
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gajja S. Salomons
- Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Neuroscience Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Neuroscience Campus, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Saadet Mercimek-Andrews
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
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48
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Karamat FA, Horjus DL, Haan YC, van der Woude L, Schaap MC, Oudman I, van Montfrans GA, Nieuwland R, Salomons GS, Clark JF, Brewster LM. The acute effect of beta-guanidinopropionic acid versus creatine or placebo in healthy men (ABC-Trial): A randomized controlled first-in-human trial. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2017; 83:2626-2635. [PMID: 28795416 PMCID: PMC5698587 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.13390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 05/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Increasing evidence indicates that the ATP‐generating enzyme creatine kinase (CK) is involved in hypertension. CK rapidly regenerates ATP from creatine phosphate and ADP. Recently, it has been shown that beta‐guanidinopropionic acid (GPA), a kidney‐synthesized creatine analogue and competitive CK inhibitor, reduced blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats. To further develop the substance as a potential blood pressure‐lowering agent, we assessed the tolerability of a sub‐therapeutic GPA dose in healthy men. Methods In this active and placebo‐controlled, triple‐blind, single‐centre trial, we recruited 24 healthy men (18–50 years old, BMI 18.5–29.9 kg m−2) in the Netherlands. Participants were randomized (1:1:1) to one week daily oral administration of GPA 100 mg, creatine 5 g, or matching placebo. The primary outcome was the tolerability of GPA, in an intent‐to‐treat analysis. Results Twenty‐four randomized participants received the allocated intervention and 23 completed the study. One participant in the placebo arm dropped out for personal reasons. GPA was well tolerated, without serious or severe adverse events. No abnormalities were reported with GPA use in clinical safety parameters, including physical examination, laboratory studies, or 12‐Lead ECG. At day 8, mean plasma GPA was 213.88 (SE 0.07) in the GPA arm vs. 32.75 (0.00) nmol l−1 in the placebo arm, a mean difference of 181.13 (95% CI 26.53–335.72). Conclusion In this first‐in‐human trial, low‐dose GPA was safe and well‐tolerated when used during 1 week in healthy men. Subsequent studies should focus on human pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic assessments with different doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fares A Karamat
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Deborah L Horjus
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yentl C Haan
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lisa van der Woude
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marianne C Schaap
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Inge Oudman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gert A van Montfrans
- Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rienk Nieuwland
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gajja S Salomons
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, VU University Medical Center, Neuroscience Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joseph F Clark
- Department of Social Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lizzy M Brewster
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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49
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Karamat FA, Horjus DL, Haan YC, van Montfrans GA, Salomons GS, Clark JF, Brewster LM. Abstract P131: The Acute Effect of the Creatine Kinase Inhibitor Beta-GPA in Healthy Man (ABC-Trial): A Randomized Placebo Controlled First-in-human Trial. Hypertension 2017. [DOI: 10.1161/hyp.70.suppl_1.p131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aim:
Increasing evidence indicates that the ATP-generating enzyme creatine kinase is involved in hypertension. Creatine kinase rapidly regenerates ATP from creatine phosphate and ADP. Recently, we showed that beta-guanidinopropionic acid (GPA), a kidney-synthesized creatine analogue and competitive inhibitor of creatine kinase, effectively and safely reduced blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats. To further develop the substance as a potential blood pressure-lowering agent, we assessed the tolerability of a sub-therapeutic GPA dose in healthy men.
Methods:
In this active and placebo-controlled, triple-blind, single-center trial, we recruited 24 healthy men (18 to 50 years old, BMI 18.5 to 29.9 kg/m
2
) in the Netherlands. Participants were randomized (1:1:1) to one week daily oral administration of GPA 100 mg, creatine 5 gram, or matching placebo. The primary outcome was the tolerability of GPA, in an intent-to-treat analysis.
Results:
Twenty four randomized participants received the allocated intervention and 23 completed the study. One participant in the placebo arm dropped out for personal reasons. GPA was well tolerated, without serious or severe adverse events. No abnormalities were reported with GPA use in clinical safety parameters, including physical examination, laboratory studies, or 12-Lead ECG (Table1).
At day 8, mean plasma GPA was 213.88 (SE 0.07) in the GPA arm vs. 32.75 (0.00) nmol/L in the placebo arm, a mean difference of 181.13 (95% CI 26.53 to 335.72).
Conclusion:
In this first-in-human trial, low-dose GPA was safe and well-tolerated when used during 1 week in healthy men. Therefore, GPA is suitable for dose escalation trials
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yentl C Haan
- Academic Med Cntr Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Gajja S Salomons
- Dept of Clinical Chemistry, VU Univ Med Cntr, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Joseph F Clark
- Cincinnati Children’s Hosp, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA, OH
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50
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Weeke LC, Brilstra E, Braun KP, Zonneveld-Huijssoon E, Salomons GS, Koeleman BP, van Gassen KL, van Straaten HL, Craiu D, de Vries LS. Punctate white matter lesions in full-term infants with neonatal seizures associated with SLC13A5 mutations. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2017; 21:396-403. [PMID: 27913086 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Early-onset epileptic encephalopathy caused by biallelic SLC13A5 mutations is characterized by seizure onset in the first days of life, refractory epilepsy and developmental delay. Little detailed information about the brain MRI features is available in these patients. METHODS Observational study describing the neuro-imaging findings in eight patients (five families) with mutations in the SLC13A5 gene. Seven infants had an MRI in the neonatal period, two had a follow-up MRI at the age of 6 and 18 months and one only at 13 months. One patient had follow-up MRIs at 11 and 16 months and 3 and 6 years of age, but no neonatal MRI. RESULTS All patients presented with refractory neonatal seizures on the first day of life after an uncomplicated pregnancy and term delivery. Six out of seven infants with a neonatal MRI had a characteristic MRI pattern, with punctate white matter lesions (PWML), which were no longer visible at the age of 6 months, but led to gliotic scarring visible on MRI at the age of 18 months. The same pattern of gliotic scarring was seen on the MRIs of the infant without a neonatal scan. One infant had signal abnormalities in the white matter suspected of PWML on T2WI, but these could not be confirmed on other sequences. CONCLUSION In infants presenting with therapy resistant seizures in the first days after birth, without a clear history of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, but with PWML on their neonatal MRI, a diagnosis of SCL13A5 related epileptic encephalopathy should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren C Weeke
- Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Eva Brilstra
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kees P Braun
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Gajja S Salomons
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, VU University Medical Center/Neuroscience Campus, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bobby P Koeleman
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Koen L van Gassen
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Dana Craiu
- Pediatric Neurology Discipline, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine, Bucharest, Romania; Pediatric Neurology Clinic, Alexandru Obregia Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Linda S de Vries
- Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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