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Lildballe DL, Frederiksen AL, Schönewolf-Greulich B, Brasch-Andersen C, Lautrup CK, Karstensen HG, Pedersen IS, Sunde L, Risom L, Rasmussen M, Bertelsen M, Andersen MK, Rendtorff ND, Gregersen PA, Tørring PM, Hammer-Hansen S, Boonen SE, Lindquist SG, Hammer TB, Diness BR. National clinical Genetic Networks - GENets - Establishment of expert collaborations in Denmark. Eur J Med Genet 2023; 66:104872. [PMID: 37967791 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2023.104872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Genetic conditions are often familial, but not all relatives receive counseling from the same institution. It is therefore necessary to ensure consistency in variant interpretation, counseling practices, and clinical follow up across health care providers. Furthermore, as new possibilities for gene-specific treatments emerge and whole genome sequencing becomes more widely available, efficient data handling and knowledge sharing between clinical laboratory geneticists and medical specialists in clinical genetics are increasingly important. In Denmark, these needs have been addressed through the establishment of collaborative national networks called Genetic Expert Networks or "GENets". These networks have enhanced patient and family care significantly by bringing together groups of experts in national collaborations. This promotes coordinated clinical care, the dissemination of best clinical practices, and facilitates the exchange of new knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorte L Lildballe
- Department Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anja Lisbeth Frederiksen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | - Charlotte Brasch-Andersen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Human Genetics, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Charlotte Kvist Lautrup
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Helena Gásdal Karstensen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Inge Søkilde Pedersen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark; Molecular Diagnostics, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Lone Sunde
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Lotte Risom
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria Rasmussen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Lillebaelt Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Vejle, Denmark; Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Mette Bertelsen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette Klarskov Andersen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nanna Dahl Rendtorff
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pernille Axél Gregersen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; Centre for Rare Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Pernille M Tørring
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Sophia Hammer-Hansen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Susanne E Boonen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Suzanne Granhøj Lindquist
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark; Neurogenetics Clinic and Research Lab, Danish Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Denmark
| | - Trine Bjørg Hammer
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Medicine. Danish Epilepsy Centre, Filadelfia, Dianalund, Denmark
| | - Birgitte R Diness
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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2
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Kodal LS, Hammer-Hansen S, Holm-Yildiz S, Grønskov K, Karstensen HG, Dysgaard T. Case report: A novel variant in SLC25A46 causing sensorimotor polyneuropathy and optic atrophy. Front Neurol 2022; 13:1066040. [PMID: 36578309 PMCID: PMC9790965 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.1066040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
SLC25A46 is a mitochondrial protein involved in mitochondrial dynamics. Recently, bi-allelic variants have been identified as a pathogenic cause in a spectrum of neurological syndromes. We report a novel homozygous SLC25A46 variant in two siblings, originating from Iraq. Both presented with optic atrophy and varying neurological symptoms. The neurological examination and nerve conduction studies were consistent with sensorimotor polyneuropathy, one having mild polyneuropathy and the other pronounced polyneuropathy. The cases illustrate the disease spectrum and provide substantial information to the knowledge of polyneuropathy caused by SLC25A46 variants. It further highlights the diagnostic potentials of whole exome sequencing which can improve future understanding of disease mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Sloth Kodal
- Department of Neurology, Copenhagen Neuromuscular Center, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark,*Correspondence: Louise Sloth Kodal
| | - Sophia Hammer-Hansen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sonja Holm-Yildiz
- Department of Neurology, Copenhagen Neuromuscular Center, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Karen Grønskov
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Tina Dysgaard
- Department of Neurology, Copenhagen Neuromuscular Center, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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3
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Rendtorff ND, Karstensen HG, Lodahl M, Tolmie J, McWilliam C, Bak M, Tommerup N, Nazaryan-Petersen L, Kunst H, Wong M, Joss S, Carelli V, Tranebjærg L. Identification and analysis of deletion breakpoints in four Mohr-Tranebjærg syndrome (MTS) patients. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14959. [PMID: 36056138 PMCID: PMC9440042 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18040-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mohr-Tranebjærg syndrome is an X-linked syndrome characterized by sensorineural hearing impairment in childhood, followed by progressive neurodegeneration leading to a broad phenotypic spectrum. Genetically MTS is caused by pathogenic variants in the TIMM8A gene, including gene deletions and larger contiguous gene deletions. Some of the latter involve the neighboring gene BTK, resulting in agammaglobulinemia. By next-generation mate-pair sequencing we have mapped the chromosomal deletion breakpoints of one MTS case and three XLA-MTS cases and used breakpoint-spanning PCR to fine map the breakpoints by Sanger sequencing. Two of the XLA-MTS cases presented with large deletions (63.5 and 27.2 kb), and the junctional regions were characterized by long stretches of microhomology, indicating that the events have emerged through homologous recombination. Conversely, the MTS case exhibited a small 2 bp region of microhomology, and the regions were not characterized by extensive microhomology. The third XLA-MTS case had a more complex breakpoint, including a 59 bp inverted insertion, thus at least four breakpoints were involved in this event. In conclusion, mate-pair library generation combined with next-generation sequencing is an efficient method for breakpoint identification, also in regions characterized by repetitive elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanna Dahl Rendtorff
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Center of Diagnostics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Helena Gásdal Karstensen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Center of Diagnostics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marianne Lodahl
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Center of Diagnostics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - John Tolmie
- Clinical Genetics Service, Laboratory Medicine Building, Southern General Hospital, Glasgow, Scotland
| | - Catherine McWilliam
- Clinical Genetics, Human Genetics Unit, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, Scotland
| | - Mads Bak
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Center of Diagnostics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Wilhelm Johannsen Center for Functional Genome Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels Tommerup
- Wilhelm Johannsen Center for Functional Genome Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lusine Nazaryan-Petersen
- Wilhelm Johannsen Center for Functional Genome Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henricus Kunst
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Melanie Wong
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
| | - Shelagh Joss
- West of Scotland Centre for Genomic Medicine, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Valerio Carelli
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Programma di Neurogenetica, Bologna, Italy
- Unit of Neurology, Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lisbeth Tranebjærg
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Center of Diagnostics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Schönewolf-Greulich B, Karstensen HG, Hjortshøj TD, Jørgensen FS, Harder KM, Frevert S, Hove H, Diness BR. Early diagnosis enabling precision medicine treatment in a young boy with PIK3R1-related overgrowth. Eur J Med Genet 2022; 65:104590. [PMID: 35964931 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2022.104590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Mosaic PIK3R1 variants have recently been demonstrated in patients with complex vascular malformations and overgrowth in a syndrome resembling PIK3CA-related overgrowth syndrome (PROS). The PIK3CA-inhibitor, alpelisib, seems to be a promising treatment option for PROS patients. We describe a young boy with overgrowth and a pathogenic mosaic variant in PIK3R1; c.1699A > G, p.(Lys567Glu). He was prenatally suspected of a syndrome on the presence of unusual transient fluctuating subcutaneous edemas and lymphedema of his left shoulder. The pathogenic variant, later found to be causative, was below detection threshold in whole-genome sequencing (WGS) analysis of amniotic fluid. Upon delivery a mosaic pathogenic PIK3R1 variant, was identified by whole-exome sequencing (WES) of a skin biopsy. With no proven treatment options available, and based on the theoretical disease mechanism, alpelisib therapy was initiated at nine months of age. In the first year of treatment growth normalized and the affected vascular and lymphatic tissue regressed. No side effects have been observed. This report underlines the importance of early variant detection in children suspected of having severe mosaic overgrowth, and proves that prenatal diagnosis is possible, enabling prompt treatment. Furthermore, it demonstrates the promising effects of alpelisib in this patient group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bitten Schönewolf-Greulich
- Dept. of Genetics, Center of Diagnostics, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Helena Gásdal Karstensen
- Dept. of Genetics, Center of Diagnostics, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Tina D Hjortshøj
- Dept. of Genetics, Center of Diagnostics, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Finn Stener Jørgensen
- Fetal Medicine Unit, Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark; Dept. of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Katja M Harder
- Dept. of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Juliane Marie Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Susanne Frevert
- Dept. of Radiology, Center of Diagnostics Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hanne Hove
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Center of Rare Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Birgitte R Diness
- Dept. of Genetics, Center of Diagnostics, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Dept. of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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5
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Lines MA, Goldenberg P, Wong A, Srivastava S, Bayat A, Hove H, Karstensen HG, Anyane-Yeboa K, Liao J, Jiang N, May A, Guzman E, Morleo M, D'Arrigo S, Ciaccio C, Pantaleoni C, Castello R, McKee S, Ong J, Zibdeh-Lough H, Tran-Mau-Them F, Gerasimenko A, Heron D, Keren B, Margot H, de Sainte Agathe JM, Burglen L, Voets T, Vriens J, Innes AM, Dyment DA. Phenotypic spectrum of the recurrent TRPM3 p.(Val837Met) substitution in seven individuals with global developmental delay and hypotonia. Am J Med Genet A 2022; 188:1667-1675. [PMID: 35146895 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
TRPM3 encodes a transient receptor potential cation channel of the melastatin family, expressed in the central nervous system and in peripheral sensory neurons of the dorsal root ganglia. The recurrent substitution in TRPM3: c.2509G>A, p.(Val837Met) has been associated with syndromic intellectual disability and seizures. In this report, we present the clinical and molecular features of seven previously unreported individuals, identified by exome sequencing, with the recurrent p.(Val837Met) variant and global developmental delay. Other shared clinical features included congenital hypotonia, dysmorphic facial features (broad forehead, deep-set eyes, and down turned mouth), exotropia, and musculoskeletal issues (hip dysplasia, hip dislocation, scoliosis). Seizures were observed in two of seven individuals (febrile seizure in one and generalized tonic-clonic seizures with atonic drops in another), and epileptiform activity was observed in an additional two individuals. This report extends the number of affected individuals to 16 who are heterozygous for the de novo recurrent substitution p.(Val837Met). In contrast with the initial report, epilepsy was not a mandatory feature observed in this series. TRPM3 pathogenic variation should be considered in individuals with global developmental delays, moderate-severe intellectual disability with, or without, childhood-onset epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Lines
- Department of Medical Genetics and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Paula Goldenberg
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Pediatrics, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ashley Wong
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Pediatrics, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Allan Bayat
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Medicine, Filadelfia Epilepsy Hospital, Dianalund, Denmark.,Institute for Regional Health Services, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Hanne Hove
- Department of Pediatrics, Center of Rare Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Helena Gásdal Karstensen
- Department of Genetics, Center of Diagnostics, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Rigshospitalet, Denmark
| | - Kwame Anyane-Yeboa
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jun Liao
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Nan Jiang
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alison May
- Division of Child Neurology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Edwin Guzman
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Manuela Morleo
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy.,Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Stefano D'Arrigo
- Department of Pediatric Neuroscience, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Ciaccio
- Department of Pediatric Neuroscience, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Pantaleoni
- Department of Pediatric Neuroscience, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaele Castello
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy
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- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Shane McKee
- Northern Ireland Regional Genetics Service, Belfast, UK
| | - Jinfon Ong
- Child Neurology Consultants of Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Hana Zibdeh-Lough
- Department of Pediatrics, Dell Children's Medical Center of Central Texas, Austin, Texas, USA
| | | | - Anna Gerasimenko
- APHP Sorbonne Université, GH Pitié Salpêtriére et Trousseau, Département de Génétique, Centre de référence "déficiences intellectuelles de causes rares", Paris, France
| | - Delphine Heron
- APHP Sorbonne Université, GH Pitié Salpêtriére et Trousseau, Département de Génétique, Centre de référence "déficiences intellectuelles de causes rares", Paris, France
| | - Boris Keren
- APHP Sorbonne Université, GH Pitié Salpêtriére et Trousseau, Département de Génétique, Centre de référence "déficiences intellectuelles de causes rares", Paris, France
| | - Henri Margot
- Universitie Bordeaux, MRGM INSERM U1211, CHU de Bordeaux, Service de Génétique Médicale, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jean-Madeleine de Sainte Agathe
- APHP Sorbonne Université, GH Pitié Salpêtriére et Trousseau, Département de Génétique, Centre de référence "déficiences intellectuelles de causes rares", Paris, France
| | - Lydie Burglen
- APHP, Sorbonne Université, Hôpital TROUSSEAU, Centre de Référence des Malformations et Maladies Congénitales du Cervelet et Département de Génétique, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Voets
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research and TRP Research Platform Leuven (TRPLe), Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joris Vriens
- Laboratory of Experimental Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Development and Regeneration, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - A Micheil Innes
- Department of Medical Genetics and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - David A Dyment
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
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6
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Manole A, Efthymiou S, O'Connor E, Mendes MI, Jennings M, Maroofian R, Davagnanam I, Mankad K, Lopez MR, Salpietro V, Harripaul R, Badalato L, Walia J, Francklyn CS, Athanasiou-Fragkouli A, Sullivan R, Desai S, Baranano K, Zafar F, Rana N, Ilyas M, Horga A, Kara M, Mattioli F, Goldenberg A, Griffin H, Piton A, Henderson LB, Kara B, Aslanger AD, Raaphorst J, Pfundt R, Portier R, Shinawi M, Kirby A, Christensen KM, Wang L, Rosti RO, Paracha SA, Sarwar MT, Jenkins D, Ahmed J, Santoni FA, Ranza E, Iwaszkiewicz J, Cytrynbaum C, Weksberg R, Wentzensen IM, Guillen Sacoto MJ, Si Y, Telegrafi A, Andrews MV, Baldridge D, Gabriel H, Mohr J, Oehl-Jaschkowitz B, Debard S, Senger B, Fischer F, van Ravenwaaij C, Fock AJM, Stevens SJC, Bähler J, Nasar A, Mantovani JF, Manzur A, Sarkozy A, Smith DEC, Salomons GS, Ahmed ZM, Riazuddin S, Riazuddin S, Usmani MA, Seibt A, Ansar M, Antonarakis SE, Vincent JB, Ayub M, Grimmel M, Jelsig AM, Hjortshøj TD, Karstensen HG, Hummel M, Haack TB, Jamshidi Y, Distelmaier F, Horvath R, Gleeson JG, Becker H, Mandel JL, Koolen DA, Houlden H. De Novo and Bi-allelic Pathogenic Variants in NARS1 Cause Neurodevelopmental Delay Due to Toxic Gain-of-Function and Partial Loss-of-Function Effects. Am J Hum Genet 2020; 107:311-324. [PMID: 32738225 PMCID: PMC7413890 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2020.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) are ubiquitous, ancient enzymes that charge amino acids to cognate tRNA molecules, the essential first step of protein translation. Here, we describe 32 individuals from 21 families, presenting with microcephaly, neurodevelopmental delay, seizures, peripheral neuropathy, and ataxia, with de novo heterozygous and bi-allelic mutations in asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase (NARS1). We demonstrate a reduction in NARS1 mRNA expression as well as in NARS1 enzyme levels and activity in both individual fibroblasts and induced neural progenitor cells (iNPCs). Molecular modeling of the recessive c.1633C>T (p.Arg545Cys) variant shows weaker spatial positioning and tRNA selectivity. We conclude that de novo and bi-allelic mutations in NARS1 are a significant cause of neurodevelopmental disease, where the mechanism for de novo variants could be toxic gain-of-function and for recessive variants, partial loss-of-function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Manole
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, University College London (UCL) Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Stephanie Efthymiou
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, University College London (UCL) Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Emer O'Connor
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, University College London (UCL) Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Marisa I Mendes
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, 1081 the Netherlands
| | - Matthew Jennings
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ UK
| | - Reza Maroofian
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, University College London (UCL) Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Indran Davagnanam
- Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Kshitij Mankad
- Department of Neuroradiology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Maria Rodriguez Lopez
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London (UCL), London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Vincenzo Salpietro
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, University College London (UCL) Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Ricardo Harripaul
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada; Institute of Medical Science and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Lauren Badalato
- Department of Pediatrics, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 2V7, Canada
| | - Jagdeep Walia
- Department of Pediatrics, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 2V7, Canada
| | - Christopher S Francklyn
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Alkyoni Athanasiou-Fragkouli
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, University College London (UCL) Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Roisin Sullivan
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, University College London (UCL) Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Sonal Desai
- Department of Neurology and Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Kristin Baranano
- Department of Neurology and Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Faisal Zafar
- Department of Pediatrics, Multan Hospital, Multan, 60000, Pakistan
| | - Nuzhat Rana
- Department of Pediatrics, Multan Hospital, Multan, 60000, Pakistan
| | | | - Alejandro Horga
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, University College London (UCL) Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Majdi Kara
- Department of Pediatrics, Tripoli Children's Hospital, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Francesca Mattioli
- Institute for Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology (IGBMC), University of Strasbourg, CNRS UMR7104, INSERM U1258, Illkirch, 67404, France
| | - Alice Goldenberg
- Département de Génétique, centre de référence anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs, CHU de Rouen, Inserm U1245, UNIROUEN, Normandie Université, Centre Normand de Génomique et de Médecine Personnalisée, Rouen, 76031, France
| | - Helen Griffin
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ UK
| | - Amelie Piton
- Institute for Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology (IGBMC), University of Strasbourg, CNRS UMR7104, INSERM U1258, Illkirch, 67404, France
| | | | | | | | - Joost Raaphorst
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, 1105AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rolph Pfundt
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Ruben Portier
- Department of Neurology, Medisch Spectrum Twente, 7512KZ Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Marwan Shinawi
- Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Amelia Kirby
- Division of Medical Genetics, SSM Health Cardinal Glennon Children's Hospital, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Katherine M Christensen
- Division of Medical Genetics, SSM Health Cardinal Glennon Children's Hospital, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Lu Wang
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California San Diego and Rady Children's Hospital, La Jolla, CA 92130, USA
| | - Rasim O Rosti
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California San Diego and Rady Children's Hospital, La Jolla, CA 92130, USA
| | - Sohail A Paracha
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, 25100 Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad T Sarwar
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, 25100 Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Dagan Jenkins
- Institute of Child Health, Guilford Street and Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Jawad Ahmed
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, 25100 Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Federico A Santoni
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University Hospital of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuelle Ranza
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland; Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; Medigenome, The Swiss Institute of Genomic Medicine, Geneva, CH-1207, Switzerland
| | - Justyna Iwaszkiewicz
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Molecular Modeling Group, Batiment Genopode, Unil Sorge, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Cheryl Cytrynbaum
- Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, 555 University Ave., Toronto, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Rosanna Weksberg
- Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, 555 University Ave., Toronto, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | | | | | - Yue Si
- GeneDx, 207 Perry Parkway Gaithersburg, MD 20877, USA
| | | | - Marisa V Andrews
- Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Dustin Baldridge
- Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Heinz Gabriel
- CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tuebingen, Tuebingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Julia Mohr
- CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tuebingen, Tuebingen, 72076, Germany
| | | | - Sylvain Debard
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, GMGM UMR 7156, Strasbourg, 67083, France
| | - Bruno Senger
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, GMGM UMR 7156, Strasbourg, 67083, France
| | - Frédéric Fischer
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, GMGM UMR 7156, Strasbourg, 67083, France
| | - Conny van Ravenwaaij
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Neurology, Groningen, 9713, the Netherlands
| | - Annemarie J M Fock
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Neurology, Groningen, 9713, the Netherlands
| | - Servi J C Stevens
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, 6211, the Netherlands
| | - Jürg Bähler
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London (UCL), London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Amina Nasar
- Department of Pediatrics, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 2V7, Canada
| | - John F Mantovani
- Division of Child Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Adnan Manzur
- Institute of Child Health, Guilford Street and Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Anna Sarkozy
- Institute of Child Health, Guilford Street and Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Desirée E C Smith
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, 1081 the Netherlands
| | - Gajja S Salomons
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, 1081 the Netherlands
| | - Zubair M Ahmed
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Shaikh Riazuddin
- Jinnah Burn and Reconstructive Surgery Center, Allama Iqbal Medical College, University of Health Sciences, Lahore 54550, Pakistan
| | - Saima Riazuddin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Muhammad A Usmani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Annette Seibt
- Department of General Pediatrics, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Muhammad Ansar
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel, Basel Switzerland
| | - Stylianos E Antonarakis
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland; Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - John B Vincent
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada; Institute of Medical Science and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Muhammad Ayub
- Department of Pediatrics, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 2V7, Canada
| | - Mona Grimmel
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anne Marie Jelsig
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, 2100, Denmark
| | - Tina Duelund Hjortshøj
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, 2100, Denmark
| | - Helena Gásdal Karstensen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, 2100, Denmark
| | - Marybeth Hummel
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Medical Genetics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506-9600, USA
| | - Tobias B Haack
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; Centre for Rare Diseases, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Yalda Jamshidi
- Genetics Centre, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Felix Distelmaier
- Department of General Pediatrics, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Rita Horvath
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ UK
| | - Joseph G Gleeson
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California San Diego and Rady Children's Hospital, La Jolla, CA 92130, USA
| | - Hubert Becker
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, GMGM UMR 7156, Strasbourg, 67083, France
| | - Jean-Louis Mandel
- Institute for Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology (IGBMC), University of Strasbourg, CNRS UMR7104, INSERM U1258, Illkirch, 67404, France
| | - David A Koolen
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Henry Houlden
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, University College London (UCL) Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.
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Karstensen HG, Rendtorff ND, Hindbæk LS, Colombo R, Stein A, Birkebæk NH, Hartmann-Petersen R, Lindorff-Larsen K, Højland AT, Petersen MB, Tranebjærg L. Novel HARS2 missense variants identified in individuals with sensorineural hearing impairment and Perrault syndrome. Eur J Med Genet 2019; 63:103733. [PMID: 31449985 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2019.103733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Biallelic variants in HARS2 have been associated with Perrault syndrome, characterized by sensorineural hearing impairment and premature ovarian insufficiency. Here we report three novel families, compound heterozygous for missense variants in HARS2 identified by next-generation sequencing, namely c.172A > G (p.Lys58Glu) and c.448C > T (p.Arg150Cys) identified in two sisters aged 13 and 16 years and their older brother, c.448C > T (p.Arg150Cys) and c.980G > A (p.Arg327Gln) identified in a seven year old girl, and finally c.137T > A (p.Leu46Gln) and c.259C > T (p.Arg87Cys) identified in a 32 year old woman. Clinically, all five individuals presented with early onset, rapidly progressive hearing impairment. Whereas the oldest female fulfilled the criteria of Perrault syndrome, the three younger females, aged 7, 13 and 16, all had apparently normal ovarian function, apart from irregular menstrual periods in the oldest female at age 16. The present report expands the list of HARS2 variants and helps gain further knowledge to the phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Gásdal Karstensen
- The Kennedy Center, Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nanna Dahl Rendtorff
- The Kennedy Center, Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Lone Sandbjerg Hindbæk
- The Kennedy Center, Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Roberto Colombo
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University, IRCCS Policlinico Agostino Gemelli, Rome, Italy; Centro per Lo Studio Delle Malattie Ereditarie Rare, Niguarda Ca' Granda Metropolitan Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Amelie Stein
- The Linderstrøm-Lang Centre for Protein Science, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Rasmus Hartmann-Petersen
- The Linderstrøm-Lang Centre for Protein Science, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kresten Lindorff-Larsen
- The Linderstrøm-Lang Centre for Protein Science, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Allan Thomas Højland
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Michael Bjørn Petersen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Lisbeth Tranebjærg
- The Kennedy Center, Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Institute of Clinical Medicine, The Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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Dad S, Rendtorff ND, Tranebjærg L, Grønskov K, Karstensen HG, Brox V, Nilssen Ø, Roux AF, Rosenberg T, Jensen H, Møller LB. Usher syndrome in Denmark: mutation spectrum and some clinical observations. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2016; 4:527-539. [PMID: 27957503 PMCID: PMC5023938 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Usher syndrome (USH) is a genetically heterogeneous deafness‐blindness syndrome, divided into three clinical subtypes: USH1, USH2 and USH3. Methods Mutations in 21 out of 26 investigated Danish unrelated individuals with USH were identified, using a combination of molecular diagnostic methods. Results Before Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) became available mutations in nine individuals (1 USH1, 7 USH2, 1 USH3) were identified by Sanger sequencing of USH1C,USH2A or CLRN1 or by Arrayed Primer EXtension (APEX) method. Mutations in 12 individuals (7 USH1, 5 USH2) were found by targeted NGS of ten known USH genes. Five novel pathogenic variants were identified. We combined our data with previously published, and obtained an overview of the USH mutation spectrum in Denmark, including 100 unrelated individuals; 32 with USH1, 67 with USH2, and 1 with USH3. Macular edema was observed in 44 of 117 individuals. Olfactory function was tested in 12 individuals and found to be within normal range in all. Conclusion Mutations that lead to USH1 were predominantly identified in MYO7A (75%), whereas all mutations in USH2 cases were identified in USH2A. The MYO7A mutation c.93C>A, p.(Cys31*) accounted for 33% of all USH1 mutations and the USH2A c.2299delG, p.(Glu767Serfs*21) variant accounted for 45% of all USH2 mutations in the Danish cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shzeena Dad
- Applied Human Genetics Kennedy Center Department of Clinical Genetics Copenhagen University Rigshospitalet Glostrup Denmark
| | - Nanna Dahl Rendtorff
- Applied Human GeneticsKennedy CenterDepartment of Clinical GeneticsCopenhagen UniversityRigshospitaletGlostrupDenmark; Department of Cellular and Molecular MedicineThe Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Copenhagen2200CopenhagenDenmark; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery and AudiologyBispebjerg Hospital/RigshospitaletCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Lisbeth Tranebjærg
- Applied Human GeneticsKennedy CenterDepartment of Clinical GeneticsCopenhagen UniversityRigshospitaletGlostrupDenmark; Department of Cellular and Molecular MedicineThe Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Copenhagen2200CopenhagenDenmark; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery and AudiologyBispebjerg Hospital/RigshospitaletCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Karen Grønskov
- Applied Human GeneticsKennedy CenterDepartment of Clinical GeneticsCopenhagen UniversityRigshospitaletGlostrupDenmark; Department of Cellular and Molecular MedicineThe Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Copenhagen2200CopenhagenDenmark
| | - Helena Gásdal Karstensen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine The Faculty of Health Sciences University of Copenhagen 2200 Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Vigdis Brox
- Department of Medical Genetics University Hospital of North-Norway N-9038 Tromsø Norway
| | - Øivind Nilssen
- Department of Medical GeneticsUniversity Hospital of North-NorwayN-9038TromsøNorway; Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical GeneticsUniversity of TromsøNO-9037TromsøNorway
| | - Anne-Françoise Roux
- Laboratoire de Génétique MoléculaireCHU MontpellierMontpellierF-34000France; U827InsermMontpellierF-34000France
| | - Thomas Rosenberg
- The National Eye ClinicThe Kennedy CenterDepartment of OphthalmologyCopenhagen University Hospital2600RigshospitaletGlostrupDenmark; Institute of Clinical MedicineThe Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Copenhagen2200Copenhagen NDenmark
| | - Hanne Jensen
- The National Eye Clinic The Kennedy Center Department of Ophthalmology Copenhagen University Hospital 2600 Rigshospitalet Glostrup Denmark
| | - Lisbeth Birk Møller
- Applied Human GeneticsKennedy CenterDepartment of Clinical GeneticsCopenhagen UniversityRigshospitaletGlostrupDenmark; Department of Cellular and Molecular MedicineThe Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Copenhagen2200CopenhagenDenmark; Department of Science Systems and Models (NSM)Roskilde UniversityDK 4000RoskildeDenmark
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9
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Karstensen HG, Mang Y, Fark T, Hummel T, Tommerup N. The first mutation in CNGA2 in two brothers with anosmia. Clin Genet 2014; 88:293-6. [PMID: 25156905 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Revised: 08/03/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Isolated congenital anosmia (ICA) is a rare disorder, where otherwise healthy individuals present with an inability to smell since birth. A list of studies have described the genes involved in syndromic anosmia; however, the genetics of ICA is still in its infancy. Studies in mice show that the cyclic nucleotide-gated channel subunit CNGA2, expressed in the olfactory epithelium has a crucial role in olfactory signal transduction. We have identified a novel X-linked stop mutation in CNGA2 (c.634C>T, p.R212*) in two brothers with ICA using exome sequencing. No additional mutations in CNGA2 were identified in a cohort of 31 non-related ICA individuals. Magnetic resonance brain imaging revealed diminished olfactory bulbs and flattened olfactory sulci. This is the first report of a mutation in the cyclic nucleotide-gated gene CNGA2 and supports the critical role of this gene in human olfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- H G Karstensen
- Willhelm Johannsen Centre for Functional Genome Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Copenhagen, DK-2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Y Mang
- Willhelm Johannsen Centre for Functional Genome Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Copenhagen, DK-2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - T Fark
- Interdisciplinary Center for Smell & Taste, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Technical University of Dresden Medical School, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - T Hummel
- Interdisciplinary Center for Smell & Taste, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Technical University of Dresden Medical School, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - N Tommerup
- Willhelm Johannsen Centre for Functional Genome Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Copenhagen, DK-2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark
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