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Cronan JE. Lipoic acid attachment to proteins: stimulating new developments. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 2024; 88:e0000524. [PMID: 38624243 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00005-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
SUMMARYLipoic acid-modified proteins are essential for central metabolism and pathogenesis. In recent years, the Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis lipoyl assembly pathways have been modified and extended to archaea and diverse eukaryotes including humans. These extensions include a new pathway to insert the key sulfur atoms of lipoate, several new pathways of lipoate salvage, and a novel use of lipoic acid in sulfur-oxidizing bacteria. Other advances are the modification of E. coli LplA for studies of protein localization and protein-protein interactions in cell biology and in enzymatic removal of lipoate from lipoyl proteins. Finally, scenarios have been put forth for the evolution of lipoate assembly in archaea.
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Affiliation(s)
- John E Cronan
- Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA
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2
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Wongkittichote P, Pantano C, He M, Hong X, Demczko MM. Clinical, biochemical and molecular characterization of a new case with FDX2-related mitochondrial disorder: Potential biomarkers and treatment options. JIMD Rep 2024; 65:102-109. [PMID: 38444577 PMCID: PMC10910223 DOI: 10.1002/jmd2.12408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Ferredoxin-2 (FDX2) is an electron transport protein required for iron-sulfur clusters biosynthesis. Pathogenic variants in FDX2 have been associated with autosomal recessive FDX2-related disorder characterized by mitochondrial myopathy with or without optic atrophy and leukoencephalopathy. We described a new case harboring compound heterozygous variants in FDX2 who presented with recurrent rhabdomyolysis with severe episodes affecting respiratory muscle. Biochemical analysis of the patients revealed hyperexcretion of 2-hydroxyadipic acid, along with previously reported biochemical abnormalities. The proband demonstrated increased lactate and creatine kinase (CK) with increased amount of glucose infusion. Lactate and CK drastically decreased when parenteral nutrition containing high protein and lipid contents with low glucose was initiated. Overall, we described a new case of FDX2-related disorder and compare clinical, biochemical and molecular findings with previously reported cases. We demonstrated that 2-hydroxyadipic acid biomarker could be used as an adjunct biomarker for FDX2-related disorder and the use of parenteral nutrition as a treatment option for the patient with FDX2-related disorder during rhabdomyolysis episode. Highlights 2-Hydroxyadipic acid can serve as a potential adjunct biomarker for iron-sulfur assembly defects and lipoic acid biosynthesis disorders. Parenteral nutrition containing high lipid and protein content could be used to reverse acute rhabdomyolysis episodes in the patients with FDX2-related disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parith Wongkittichote
- Division of Human GeneticsChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkokThailand
| | - Cassandra Pantano
- Division of Human GeneticsChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Miao He
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
- University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of MedicinePhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Xinying Hong
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
- University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of MedicinePhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Matthew M. Demczko
- Division of Human GeneticsChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
- University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of MedicinePhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
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3
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Wedan RJ, Longenecker JZ, Nowinski SM. Mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis is an emergent central regulator of mammalian oxidative metabolism. Cell Metab 2024; 36:36-47. [PMID: 38128528 PMCID: PMC10843818 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Contrary to their well-known functions in nutrient breakdown, mitochondria are also important biosynthetic hubs and express an evolutionarily conserved mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis (mtFAS) pathway. mtFAS builds lipoic acid and longer saturated fatty acids, but its exact products, their ultimate destination in cells, and the cellular significance of the pathway are all active research questions. Moreover, why mitochondria need mtFAS despite their well-defined ability to import fatty acids is still unclear. The identification of patients with inborn errors of metabolism in mtFAS genes has sparked fresh research interest in the pathway. New mammalian models have provided insights into how mtFAS coordinates many aspects of oxidative mitochondrial metabolism and raise questions about its role in diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and heart failure. In this review, we discuss the products of mtFAS, their function, and the consequences of mtFAS impairment across models and in metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riley J Wedan
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, The Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA; College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Jacob Z Longenecker
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, The Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Sara M Nowinski
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, The Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA.
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4
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Muñoz-Pujol G, Ugarteburu O, Segur-Bailach E, Moliner S, Jurado S, Garrabou G, Guitart-Mampel M, García-Villoria J, Artuch R, Fons C, Ribes A, Tort F. CRISPR/Cas9-based functional genomics strategy to decipher the pathogenicity of genetic variants in inherited metabolic disorders. J Inherit Metab Dis 2023; 46:1029-1042. [PMID: 37718653 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
The determination of the functional impact of variants of uncertain significance (VUS) is one of the major bottlenecks in the diagnostic workflow of inherited genetic diseases. To face this problem, we set up a CRISPR/Cas9-based strategy for knock-in cellular model generation, focusing on inherited metabolic disorders (IMDs). We selected variants in seven IMD-associated genes, including seven reported disease-causing variants and four benign/likely benign variants. Overall, 11 knock-in cell models were generated via homology-directed repair in HAP1 haploid cells using CRISPR/Cas9. The functional impact of the variants was determined by analyzing the characteristic biochemical alterations of each disorder. Functional studies performed in knock-in cell models showed that our approach accurately distinguished the functional effect of pathogenic from non-pathogenic variants in a reliable manner in a wide range of IMDs. Our study provides a generic approach to assess the functional impact of genetic variants to improve IMD diagnosis and this tool could emerge as a promising alternative to invasive tests, such as muscular or skin biopsies. Although the study has been performed only in IMDs, this strategy is generic and could be applied to other genetic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerard Muñoz-Pujol
- Secció d'Errors Congènits del Metabolisme-IBC, Servei de Bioquímica i Genètica Molecular, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olatz Ugarteburu
- Secció d'Errors Congènits del Metabolisme-IBC, Servei de Bioquímica i Genètica Molecular, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eulàlia Segur-Bailach
- Secció d'Errors Congènits del Metabolisme-IBC, Servei de Bioquímica i Genètica Molecular, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sonia Moliner
- Secció d'Errors Congènits del Metabolisme-IBC, Servei de Bioquímica i Genètica Molecular, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Jurado
- Secció d'Errors Congènits del Metabolisme-IBC, Servei de Bioquímica i Genètica Molecular, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Glòria Garrabou
- Inherited Metabolic diseases and Muscle Disorder's lab, Cellex-IDIBAPS, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Internal Medicine Service-Hospital Clinic of Barcelona and CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mariona Guitart-Mampel
- Inherited Metabolic diseases and Muscle Disorder's lab, Cellex-IDIBAPS, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Internal Medicine Service-Hospital Clinic of Barcelona and CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judit García-Villoria
- Secció d'Errors Congènits del Metabolisme-IBC, Servei de Bioquímica i Genètica Molecular, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Artuch
- Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine and Genetics Departments, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, and CIBERER, Esplúgues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carme Fons
- Neurology Department, Fetal, Neonatal Neurology and Early Epilepsy Unit, Institut de Recerca, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonia Ribes
- Secció d'Errors Congènits del Metabolisme-IBC, Servei de Bioquímica i Genètica Molecular, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Frederic Tort
- Secció d'Errors Congènits del Metabolisme-IBC, Servei de Bioquímica i Genètica Molecular, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain
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Wongkittichote P, Cuddapah SR, Master SR, Grange DK, Dietzen D, Roper SM, Ganetzky RD. Biochemical characterization of patients with dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase deficiency. JIMD Rep 2023; 64:367-374. [PMID: 37701333 PMCID: PMC10494496 DOI: 10.1002/jmd2.12382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (DLD; E3) oxidizes lipoic acid. Restoring the oxidized state allows lipoic acid to act as a necessary electron sink for the four mitochondrial keto-acid dehydrogenases: pyruvate dehydrogenase, alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, branched-chain α-keto-acid dehydrogenase, and 2-oxoadipate dehydrogenase. DLD deficiency (DLDD) is caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in DLD. Three major forms have been described: encephalopathic, hepatic, and myopathic, although DLDD patients exhibit overlapping phenotypes. Hyperlactatemia, hyperexcretion of tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) metabolites and branched-chain keto acids, increased plasma branched-chain amino acids and allo-isoleucine are intermittent metabolic abnormalities reported in patients with DLDD. However, the diagnostic performance of these metabolites has never been studied. Therefore, we sought to systematically evaluate the diagnostic utility of these biomarkers for DLDD. We retrospectively analyzed the results of biochemical testing of six unrelated DLDD patients, including values obtained during both well visits and acute decompensation episodes. Elevation of branched-chain amino acid concentrations was not consistently observed. We found that five of six patients in our cohort had a maximum lifetime value of allo-isoleucine of 6 μmol/L, showing that alloisoleucine elevations even during illness may be subtle. Urine organic acid analysis (UOA) during acute decompensation episodes was abnormal in all cases; however, the pattern of abnormalities had high intersubject variability. No single biomarker was universally present, even in patients experiencing metabolic decompensation. We also observed novel biochemical associations: three patients had hyperexcretion of TCA cycle metabolites during crisis; in two patients, 2-ketoadipic and 2-hydroxyadipic acids, by products of lysine degradation, were detected. We propose that these result from 2-oxoadipate dehydrogenase deficiency, an underappreciated biochemical abnormality in DLD. Given the diversity of biochemical profiles among the patients with DLDD, we conclude that accurate biochemical diagnosis relies on a high index of suspicion and multipronged biochemical analysis, including both plasma amino acid and urine organic acid quantitation during decompensation. Biochemical diagnosis during the well state is challenging. We emphasize the critical importance of multiple simultaneous biochemical tests for diagnosis and monitoring of DLDD. We also highlight the under-recognized role of DLD in the lysine degradation pathway. Larger cohorts of patients are needed to establish a correlation between the biochemical pattern and clinical outcomes, as well as a genotype-phenotype correlation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parith Wongkittichote
- Division of Human GeneticsChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Sanmati R. Cuddapah
- Division of Human GeneticsChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Stephen R. Master
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Dorothy K. Grange
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of PediatricsWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Dennis Dietzen
- Department of Pathology & ImmunologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Stephen M. Roper
- Department of Pathology & ImmunologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Rebecca D. Ganetzky
- Division of Human GeneticsChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
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Wongkittichote P, Pantano C, Bogush E, Alves CAP, Hong X, He M, Demczko MM, Ganetzky RD, Goldstein A. Clinical, radiological, biochemical and molecular characterization of a new case with multiple mitochondrial dysfunction syndrome due to IBA57: Lysine and tryptophan metabolites as potential biomarkers. Mol Genet Metab 2023; 140:107710. [PMID: 37903659 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2023.107710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Iron‑sulfur clusters (FeS) are one of the most primitive and ubiquitous cofactors used by various enzymes in multiple pathways. Biosynthesis of FeS is a complex multi-step process that is tightly regulated and requires multiple machineries. IBA57, along with ISCA1 and ISCA2, play a role in maturation of [4Fe-4S] clusters which are required for multiple mitochondrial enzymes including mitochondrial Complex I, Complex II, lipoic acid synthase, and aconitase. Pathogenic variants in IBA57 have been associated with multiple mitochondrial dysfunctions syndrome 3 (MMDS3) characterized by infantile to early childhood-onset psychomotor regression, optic atrophy and nonspecific dysmorphism. Here we report a female proband who had prenatal involvement including IUGR and microcephaly and developed subacute psychomotor regression at the age of 5 weeks in the setting of preceding viral infection. Brain imaging revealed cortical malformation with polymicrogyria and abnormal signal alteration in brainstem and spinal cord. Biochemical analysis revealed increased plasma glycine and hyperexcretion of multiple organic acids in urine, raising the concern for lipoic acid biosynthesis defects and mitochondrial FeS assembly defects. Molecular analysis subsequently detected compound heterozygous variants in IBA57, confirming the diagnosis of MMDS3. Although the number of MMDS3 patients are limited, certain degree of genotype-phenotype correlation has been observed. Unusual brain imaging in the proband highlights the need to include mitochondrial disorders as differential diagnoses of structural brain abnormalities. Lastly, in addition to previously known biomarkers including high blood lactate and plasma glycine levels, the increase of 2-hydroxyadipic and 2-ketoadipic acids in urine organic acid analysis, in the appropriate clinical context, should prompt an evaluation for the lipoic acid biosynthesis defects and mitochondrial FeS assembly defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parith Wongkittichote
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Cassandra Pantano
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Emily Bogush
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Cesar Augusto P Alves
- Division of Neuroradiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xinying Hong
- Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Miao He
- Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Matthew M Demczko
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rebecca D Ganetzky
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Amy Goldstein
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Pravda J. Evidence-based pathogenesis and treatment of ulcerative colitis: A causal role for colonic epithelial hydrogen peroxide. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:4263-4298. [PMID: 36159014 PMCID: PMC9453768 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i31.4263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In this comprehensive evidence-based analysis of ulcerative colitis (UC), a causal role is identified for colonic epithelial hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in both the pathogenesis and relapse of this debilitating inflammatory bowel disease. Studies have shown that H2O2 production is significantly increased in the non-inflamed colonic epithelium of individuals with UC. H2O2 is a powerful neutrophilic chemotactic agent that can diffuse through colonic epithelial cell membranes creating an interstitial chemotactic molecular “trail” that attracts adjacent intravascular neutrophils into the colonic epithelium leading to mucosal inflammation and UC. A novel therapy aimed at removing the inappropriate H2O2 mediated chemotactic signal has been highly effective in achieving complete histologic resolution of colitis in patients experiencing refractory disease with at least one (biopsy-proven) histologic remission lasting 14 years to date. The evidence implies that therapeutic intervention to prevent the re-establishment of a pathologic H2O2 mediated chemotactic signaling gradient will indefinitely preclude neutrophilic migration into the colonic epithelium constituting a functional cure for this disease. Cumulative data indicate that individuals with UC have normal immune systems and current treatment guidelines calling for the suppression of the immune response based on the belief that UC is caused by an underlying immune dysfunction are not supported by the evidence and may cause serious adverse effects. It is the aim of this paper to present experimental and clinical evidence that identifies H2O2 produced by the colonic epithelium as the causal agent in the pathogenesis of UC. A detailed explanation of a novel therapeutic intervention to normalize colonic H2O2, its rationale, components, and formulation is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay Pravda
- Disease Pathogenesis, Inflammatory Disease Research Centre, Palm Beach Gardens, FL 33410, United States
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8
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Lipoate protein ligase B primarily recognizes the C 8-phosphopantetheine arm of its donor substrate and weakly binds the acyl carrier protein. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102203. [PMID: 35764173 PMCID: PMC9307952 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipoic acid is a sulfur containing cofactor indispensable for the function of several metabolic enzymes. In microorganisms, lipoic acid can be salvaged from the surroundings by Lipoate protein ligase A (LplA), an ATP-dependent enzyme. Alternatively, it can be synthesized by the sequential actions of Lipoate protein ligase B (LipB) and Lipoyl synthase (LipA). LipB takes up the octanoyl chain from C8-acyl carrier protein (C8-ACP), a byproduct of the type II fatty acid synthesis pathway, and transfers it to a conserved lysine of the lipoyl domain of a dehydrogenase. However, the molecular basis of its substrate recognition is still not fully understood. Using E. coli LipB as a model enzyme, we show here that the octanoyl-transferase mainly recognizes the 4'-phosphopantetheine-tethered acyl-chain of its donor substrate and weakly binds the apo-acyl carrier protein. We demonstrate LipB can accept octanoate from its own ACP and noncognate ACPs, as well as C8-CoA. Furthermore, our 1H STD and 31P NMR studies demonstrate the binding of adenosine, as well as the phosphopantetheine arm of CoA to LipB, akin to binding to LplA. Finally, we show a conserved 71RGG73 loop, analogous to the lipoate binding loop of LplA, is required for full LipB activity. Collectively, our studies highlight commonalities between LipB and LplA in their mechanism of substrate recognition. This knowledge could be of significance in the treatment of mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis related disorders.
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Duarte IF, Caio J, Moedas MF, Rodrigues LA, Leandro AP, Rivera IA, Silva MFB. Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase, pyruvate oxidation, and acetylation-dependent mechanisms intersecting drug iatrogenesis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:7451-7468. [PMID: 34718827 PMCID: PMC11072406 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03996-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In human metabolism, pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) is one of the most intricate and large multimeric protein systems representing a central hub for cellular homeostasis. The worldwide used antiepileptic drug valproic acid (VPA) may potentially induce teratogenicity or a mild to severe hepatic toxicity, where the underlying mechanisms are not completely understood. This work aims to clarify the mechanisms that intersect VPA-related iatrogenic effects to PDC-associated dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (DLD; E3) activity. DLD is also a key enzyme of α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase, α-ketoadipate dehydrogenase, and the glycine decarboxylase complexes. The molecular effects of VPA will be reviewed underlining the data that sustain a potential interaction with DLD. The drug-associated effects on lipoic acid-related complexes activity may induce alterations on the flux of metabolites through tricarboxylic acid cycle, branched-chain amino acid oxidation, glycine metabolism and other cellular acetyl-CoA-connected reactions. The biotransformation of VPA involves its complete β-oxidation in mitochondria causing an imbalance on energy homeostasis. The drug consequences as histone deacetylase inhibitor and thus gene expression modulator have also been recognized. The mitochondrial localization of PDC is unequivocal, but its presence and function in the nucleus were also demonstrated, generating acetyl-CoA, crucial for histone acetylation. Bridging metabolism and epigenetics, this review gathers the evidence of VPA-induced interference with DLD or PDC functions, mainly in animal and cellular models, and highlights the uncharted in human. The consequences of this interaction may have significant impact either in mitochondrial or in nuclear acetyl-CoA-dependent processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- I F Duarte
- The Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Metabolism and Genetics Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - J Caio
- The Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Metabolism and Genetics Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M F Moedas
- The Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Metabolism and Genetics Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
- Division of Molecular Metabolism, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - L A Rodrigues
- The Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Metabolism and Genetics Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - A P Leandro
- The Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Metabolism and Genetics Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - I A Rivera
- The Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Metabolism and Genetics Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M F B Silva
- The Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Metabolism and Genetics Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal.
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal.
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Allele-specific mitochondrial stress induced by Multiple Mitochondrial Dysfunctions Syndrome 1 pathogenic mutations modeled in Caenorhabditis elegans. PLoS Genet 2021; 17:e1009771. [PMID: 34449775 PMCID: PMC8428684 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple Mitochondrial Dysfunctions Syndrome 1 (MMDS1) is a rare, autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the NFU1 gene. NFU1 is responsible for delivery of iron-sulfur clusters (ISCs) to recipient proteins which require these metallic cofactors for their function. Pathogenic variants of NFU1 lead to dysfunction of its target proteins within mitochondria. To date, 20 NFU1 variants have been reported and the unique contributions of each variant to MMDS1 pathogenesis is unknown. Given that over half of MMDS1 individuals are compound heterozygous for different NFU1 variants, it is valuable to investigate individual variants in an isogenic background. In order to understand the shared and unique phenotypes of NFU1 variants, we used CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing to recreate exact patient variants of NFU1 in the orthologous gene, nfu-1 (formerly lpd-8), in C. elegans. Five mutant C. elegans alleles focused on the presumptive iron-sulfur cluster interaction domain were generated and analyzed for mitochondrial phenotypes including respiratory dysfunction and oxidative stress. Phenotypes were variable between the mutant nfu-1 alleles and generally presented as an allelic series indicating that not all variants have lost complete function. Furthermore, reactive iron within mitochondria was evident in some, but not all, nfu-1 mutants indicating that iron dyshomeostasis may contribute to disease pathogenesis in some MMDS1 individuals. Functional mitochondria are essential to life in eukaryotes, but they can be perterbured by inherent dysfunction of important proteins or stressors. Mitochondrial dysfunction is the root cause of dozens of diseases many of which involve complex phenotypes. One such disease is Multiple Mitochondrial Dysfunctions Syndrome 1, a pediatric-fatal disease that is poorly understood in part due to the lack of clarity about how mutations in the causative gene, NFU1, affect protein function and phenotype development and severity. Here we employ the power of CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing in the small nematode Caenorhabditis elegans to recreate five patient-specific mutations known to cause Multiple Mitochondrial Dysfunctions Syndrome 1. We are able to analyze each of these mutations individually, evaluate how mitochondrial dysfunction differs between them, and whether or not the phenotypes can be improved. We find that there are meaningful differences between each mutation which not only effects the types of stress that develop, but also the ability to rescue deleterious phenotypes. This work thus provides insight into disease pathogenesis and establishes a foundation for potential future therapeutic intervention.
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Cubiles Arillo Z, Yun Castilla C, Ramos Fernández JM, Yahyaoui Macías R, Morales Martínez A. Pulmonary hypertension as a sign of onset of multiple mitochondrial dysfunction syndrome. ANALES DE PEDIATRÍA (ENGLISH EDITION) 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anpede.2020.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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13
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Dlamini Z, Marima R, Hull R, Syrigos KN, Lolas G, Mphahlele L, Mbita Z. Genomics and molecular analysis of RPL9 and LIAS in lung cancer: Emerging implications in carcinogenesis. INFORMATICS IN MEDICINE UNLOCKED 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imu.2021.100698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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14
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Lavatelli A, de Mendoza D, Mansilla MC. Defining Caenorhabditis elegans as a model system to investigate lipoic acid metabolism. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:14973-14986. [PMID: 32843480 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.013760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipoic acid (LA) is a sulfur-containing cofactor that covalently binds to a variety of cognate enzymes that are essential for redox reactions in all three domains of life. Inherited mutations in the enzymes that make LA, namely lipoyl synthase, octanoyltransferase, and amidotransferase, result in devastating human metabolic disorders. Unfortunately, because many aspects of this essential pathway are still obscure, available treatments only serve to alleviate symptoms. We envisioned that the development of an organismal model system might provide new opportunities to interrogate LA biochemistry, biology, and physiology. Here we report our investigations on three Caenorhabditis elegans orthologous proteins involved in this post-translational modification. We established that M01F1.3 is a lipoyl synthase, ZC410.7 an octanoyltransferase, and C45G3.3 an amidotransferase. Worms subjected to RNAi against M01F1.3 and ZC410.7 manifest larval arrest in the second generation. The arrest was not rescued by LA supplementation, indicating that endogenous synthesis of LA is essential for C. elegans development. Expression of the enzymes M01F1.3, ZC410.7, and C45G3.3 completely rescue bacterial or yeast mutants affected in different steps of the lipoylation pathway, indicating functional overlap. Thus, we demonstrate that, similarly to humans, C. elegans is able to synthesize LA de novo via a lipoyl-relay pathway, and suggest that this nematode could be a valuable model to dissect the role of protein mislipoylation and to develop new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonela Lavatelli
- Laboratory of Microbial Physiology, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Rosario, National Scientific and Technical Research Council, Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, National University of Rosario, Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Diego de Mendoza
- Laboratory of Microbial Physiology, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Rosario, National Scientific and Technical Research Council, Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, National University of Rosario, Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - María Cecilia Mansilla
- Laboratory of Microbial Physiology, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Rosario, National Scientific and Technical Research Council, Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, National University of Rosario, Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina.
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15
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Kastaniotis AJ, Autio KJ, R Nair R. Mitochondrial Fatty Acids and Neurodegenerative Disorders. Neuroscientist 2020; 27:143-158. [PMID: 32644907 DOI: 10.1177/1073858420936162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Fatty acids in mitochondria, in sensu stricto, arise either as β-oxidation substrates imported via the carnitine shuttle or through de novo synthesis by the mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis (mtFAS) pathway. Defects in mtFAS or processes involved in the generation of the mtFAS product derivative lipoic acid (LA), including iron-sulfur cluster synthesis required for functional LA synthase, have emerged only recently as etiology for neurodegenerative disease. Intriguingly, mtFAS deficiencies very specifically affect CNS function, while LA synthesis and attachment defects have a pleiotropic presentation beyond neurodegeneration. Typical mtFAS defect presentations include optical atrophy, as well as basal ganglia defects associated with dystonia. The phenotype display of patients with mtFAS defects can resemble the presentation of disorders associated with coenzyme A (CoA) synthesis. A recent publication links these processes together based on the requirement of CoA for acyl carrier protein maturation. MtFAS defects, CoA synthesis- as well as Fe-S cluster-deficiencies share lack of LA as a common symptom.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kaija J Autio
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Remya R Nair
- Mammalian Genetics Unit, MRC Harwell Institute, Oxfordshire, UK
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16
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Ni M, Solmonson A, Pan C, Yang C, Li D, Notzon A, Cai L, Guevara G, Zacharias LG, Faubert B, Vu HS, Jiang L, Ko B, Morales NM, Pei J, Vale G, Rakheja D, Grishin NV, McDonald JG, Gotway GK, McNutt MC, Pascual JM, DeBerardinis RJ. Functional Assessment of Lipoyltransferase-1 Deficiency in Cells, Mice, and Humans. Cell Rep 2020; 27:1376-1386.e6. [PMID: 31042466 PMCID: PMC7351313 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) link metabolic defects to human phenotypes. Modern genomics has accelerated IEM discovery, but assessing the impact of genomic variants is still challenging. Here, we integrate genomics and metabolomics to identify a cause of lactic acidosis and epilepsy. The proband is a compound heterozygote for variants in LIPT1, which encodes the lipoyltransferase required for 2-ketoacid dehydrogenase (2KDH) function. Metabolomics reveals abnormalities in lipids, amino acids, and 2-hydroxyglutarate consistent with loss of multiple 2KDHs. Homozygous knockin of a LIPT1 mutation reduces 2KDH lipoylation in utero and results in embryonic demise. In patient fibroblasts, defective 2KDH lipoylation and function are corrected by wild-type, but not mutant, LIPT1 alleles. Isotope tracing reveals that LIPT1 supports lipogenesis and balances oxidative and reductive glutamine metabolism. Altogether, the data extend the role of LIPT1 in metabolic regulation and demonstrate how integrating genomics and metabolomics can uncover broader aspects of IEM pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Ni
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
| | - Ashley Solmonson
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Chunxiao Pan
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Chendong Yang
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Dan Li
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Ashley Notzon
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Ling Cai
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Gerardo Guevara
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Lauren G Zacharias
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Brandon Faubert
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Hieu S Vu
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Lei Jiang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Bookyung Ko
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Noriko Merida Morales
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jimin Pei
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Gonçalo Vale
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Dinesh Rakheja
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Nick V Grishin
- Department of Biophysics, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jeffrey G McDonald
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Garrett K Gotway
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Markey C McNutt
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Juan M Pascual
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Physiology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Ralph J DeBerardinis
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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17
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Cubiles Arillo Z, Yun Castilla C, Ramos Fernández JM, Yahyaoui Macías R, Morales Martínez A. [Pulmonary hypertension as a sign of onset of multiple mitochondrial dysfunction syndrome]. An Pediatr (Barc) 2020; 94:185-187. [PMID: 32451297 DOI: 10.1016/j.anpedi.2020.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zaira Cubiles Arillo
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Pediatría, Hospital Materno-Infantil, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, España.
| | - Cristina Yun Castilla
- Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos, Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Cuidados Críticos y Urgencias Pediátricas, Hospital Materno-Infantil, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, España
| | - José Miguel Ramos Fernández
- Servicio de Neurología Pediátrica, Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Pediatría, Hospital Materno-Infantil, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, España
| | - Raquel Yahyaoui Macías
- Laboratorio de Metabolopatías, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Hospital Materno-Infantil, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, España
| | - Antonio Morales Martínez
- Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos, Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Cuidados Críticos y Urgencias Pediátricas, Hospital Materno-Infantil, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, España
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18
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Cronan JE. Progress in the Enzymology of the Mitochondrial Diseases of Lipoic Acid Requiring Enzymes. Front Genet 2020; 11:510. [PMID: 32508887 PMCID: PMC7253636 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Three human mitochondrial diseases that directly affect lipoic acid metabolism result from heterozygous missense and nonsense mutations in the LIAS, LIPT1, and LIPT2 genes. However, the functions of the proteins encoded by these genes in lipoic acid metabolism remained uncertain due to a lack of biochemical analysis at the enzyme level. An exception was the LIPT1 protein for which a perplexing property had been reported, a ligase lacking the ability to activate its substrate. This led to several models, some contradictory, to accommodate the role of LIPT1 protein activity in explaining the phenotypes of the afflicted neonatal patients. Recent evidence indicates that this LIPT1 protein activity is a misleading evolutionary artifact and that the physiological role of LIPT1 is in transfer of lipoic acid moieties from one protein to another. This and other new biochemical data now define a straightforward pathway that fully explains each of the human disorders specific to the assembly of lipoic acid on its cognate enzyme proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- John E Cronan
- B103 Chemical and Life Sciences Laboratory, Departments of Microbiology and Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
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19
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Artiukhov AV, Grabarska A, Gumbarewicz E, Aleshin VA, Kähne T, Obata T, Kazantsev AV, Lukashev NV, Stepulak A, Fernie AR, Bunik VI. Synthetic analogues of 2-oxo acids discriminate metabolic contribution of the 2-oxoglutarate and 2-oxoadipate dehydrogenases in mammalian cells and tissues. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1886. [PMID: 32024885 PMCID: PMC7002488 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58701-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The biological significance of the DHTKD1-encoded 2-oxoadipate dehydrogenase (OADH) remains obscure due to its catalytic redundancy with the ubiquitous OGDH-encoded 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (OGDH). In this work, metabolic contributions of OADH and OGDH are discriminated by exposure of cells/tissues with different DHTKD1 expression to the synthesized phosphonate analogues of homologous 2-oxodicarboxylates. The saccharopine pathway intermediates and phosphorylated sugars are abundant when cellular expressions of DHTKD1 and OGDH are comparable, while nicotinate and non-phosphorylated sugars are when DHTKD1 expression is order(s) of magnitude lower than that of OGDH. Using succinyl, glutaryl and adipoyl phosphonates on the enzyme preparations from tissues with varied DHTKD1 expression reveals the contributions of OADH and OGDH to oxidation of 2-oxoadipate and 2-oxoglutarate in vitro. In the phosphonates-treated cells with the high and low DHTKD1 expression, adipate or glutarate, correspondingly, are the most affected metabolites. The marker of fatty acid β-oxidation, adipate, is mostly decreased by the shorter, OGDH-preferring, phosphonate, in agreement with the known OGDH dependence of β-oxidation. The longest, OADH-preferring, phosphonate mostly affects the glutarate level. Coupled decreases in sugars and nicotinate upon the OADH inhibition link the perturbation in glucose homeostasis, known in OADH mutants, to the nicotinate-dependent NAD metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artem V Artiukhov
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- A. N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Aneta Grabarska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Ewelina Gumbarewicz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Vasily A Aleshin
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- A. N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Thilo Kähne
- Institute of Experimental Internal Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Toshihiro Obata
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam, Germany
- Department of Biochemistry, George W. Beadle Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0664, USA
| | | | | | - Andrzej Stepulak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Victoria I Bunik
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
- A. N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
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20
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Wachnowsky C, Rao B, Sen S, Fries B, Howard CJ, Ottesen JJ, Cowan JA. Reconstitution, characterization, and [2Fe-2S] cluster exchange reactivity of a holo human BOLA3 homodimer. J Biol Inorg Chem 2019; 24:1035-1045. [PMID: 31486956 PMCID: PMC6812618 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-019-01713-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A new class of mitochondrial disease has been identified and characterized as Multiple Mitochondrial Dysfunctions Syndrome (MMDS). Four different forms of the disease have each been attributed to point mutations in proteins involved in iron-sulfur (Fe-S) biosynthesis; in particular, MMDS2 has been associated with the protein BOLA3. To date, this protein has been characterized in vitro concerning its ability to form heterodimeric complexes with two putative Fe-S cluster-binding partners: GLRX5 and NFU. However, BOLA3 has yet to be characterized in its own discrete holo form. Herein we describe procedures to isolate and characterize the human holo BOLA3 protein in terms of Fe-S cluster binding and trafficking and demonstrate that human BOLA3 can form a functional homodimer capable of engaging in Fe-S cluster transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Wachnowsky
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- The Ohio State Biochemistry Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Brian Rao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Sambuddha Sen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Brian Fries
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Cecil J Howard
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- The Ohio State Biochemistry Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Jennifer J Ottesen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- The Ohio State Biochemistry Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - J A Cowan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
- The Ohio State Biochemistry Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA.
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21
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Stéphanie P, Catherine B, Thierry S, Jean-Luc V, Isabelle L, Sara S, Christophe V, Marie-Cécile N. "Idiopathic" pulmonary arterial hypertension in early infancy: Excluding NFU1 deficiency. Ann Pediatr Cardiol 2019; 12:325-328. [PMID: 31516295 PMCID: PMC6716310 DOI: 10.4103/apc.apc_136_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
NFU1 deficiency is a rare metabolic disorder affecting iron-sulfur cluster synthesis, an essential pathway for lipoic acid-dependent enzymatic activities and mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes. It is a little-known cause of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), while PAH is a prominent feature of the disease. We herein report on a female infant diagnosed as having idiopathic PAH since 1 month of age, who did not respond to bosentan plus sildenafil. NFU1 deficiency was only suggested and confirmed at 10 months of age when she demonstrated neurological deterioration along with high glycine levels in body fluids. Unexplained PAH in early infancy should prompt clinicians to perform amino acid chromatography searching for high glycine levels. Early recognition will avoid further invasive procedures and enable appropriate genetic counseling to be offered. No effective treatment is currently able to prevent the fatal course of this metabolic condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paquay Stéphanie
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Barrea Catherine
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sluysmans Thierry
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vachiery Jean-Luc
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonary Vascular Diseases and Heart Failure Clinic, Cliniques Universitaires de Bruxelles-Hôpital Erasme, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Loeckx Isabelle
- Department Pediatric Cardiology, Clinique de l'Espérance, Montegnée, Belgium
| | - Seneca Sara
- Center for Medical Genetics, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Research Group Reproduction and Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vô Christophe
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nassogne Marie-Cécile
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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22
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Masud AJ, Kastaniotis AJ, Rahman MT, Autio KJ, Hiltunen JK. Mitochondrial acyl carrier protein (ACP) at the interface of metabolic state sensing and mitochondrial function. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2019; 1866:118540. [PMID: 31473256 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2019.118540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Acyl carrier protein (ACP) is a principal partner in the cytosolic and mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis (FAS) pathways. The active form holo-ACP serves as FAS platform, using its 4'-phosphopantetheine group to present covalently attached FAS intermediates to the enzymes responsible for the acyl chain elongation process. Mitochondrial unacylated holo-ACP is a component of mammalian mitoribosomes, and acylated ACP species participate as interaction partners in several ACP-LYRM (leucine-tyrosine-arginine motif)-protein heterodimers that act either as assembly factors or subunits of the electron transport chain and Fe-S cluster assembly complexes. Moreover, octanoyl-ACP provides the C8 backbone for endogenous lipoic acid synthesis. Accumulating evidence suggests that mtFAS-generated acyl-ACPs act as signaling molecules in an intramitochondrial metabolic state sensing circuit, coordinating mitochondrial acetyl-CoA levels with mitochondrial respiration, Fe-S cluster biogenesis and protein lipoylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali J Masud
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - M Tanvir Rahman
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Kaija J Autio
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - J Kalervo Hiltunen
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
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23
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Eidi M, Garshasbi M. A novel ISCA2 variant responsible for an early-onset neurodegenerative mitochondrial disorder: a case report of multiple mitochondrial dysfunctions syndrome 4. BMC Neurol 2019; 19:153. [PMID: 31279336 PMCID: PMC6612116 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-019-1387-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple Mitochondrial Dysfunctions Syndrome 4 (MMDS4) is manifested as a result of ISCA2 mutations. ISCA2 is a vital component of 4Fe-4S clusters assembly machine. Therefore, in MMDS4 patients, deficient mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes I and II, Aconitase and Succinate dehydrogenase of Kerbs cycle and Lipoic Acid Synthetase in the biosynthesis of lipoic acid are expected. CASE PRESENTATIONS A 7 months boy in an Iranian consanguineous family with progressive neurodegenerative problems was referred to us. Primarily, general laboratory tests, Abdomen ultrasonography and brain magnetic resonance imaging were performed. In order to find out the genetic problem in this case Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) following by Sanger sequencing was carried out. A novel variant (c.355G > A, p.Ala119Thr) in ISCA2 gene was identified by WES in the proband. Confirmation and segregation in the family for this variant was performed by Sanger sequencing. In-Silico prediction of the ISCA2 secondary structure showed that a helix motif in the Fe-S biosynthesis domain of ISCA2 protein will be eliminated as a result of this variant. CONCLUSIONS We reported the first patient with ISCA2 variant in Iranian population and the third one in the world reported for ISCA2 gene, so far associated with early-onset mitochondrial neurodegeneration. However further functional studies on this variant or finding it in other patients with similar clinical problems are needed to confirm the pathogenicity of this variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Eidi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Garshasbi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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24
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Abstract
Inborn errors of metabolism, also known as inherited metabolic diseases, constitute an important group of conditions presenting with neurologic signs in newborns. They are individually rare but collectively common. Many are treatable through restoration of homeostasis of a disrupted metabolic pathway. Given their frequency and potential for treatment, the clinician should be aware of this group of conditions and learn to identify the typical manifestations of the different inborn errors of metabolism. In this review, we summarize the clinical, laboratory, electrophysiologic, and neuroimaging findings of the different inborn errors of metabolism that can present with florid neurologic signs and symptoms in the neonatal period.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Female
- Humans
- Infant, Newborn
- Infant, Newborn, Diseases/diagnosis
- Infant, Newborn, Diseases/diagnostic imaging
- Infant, Newborn, Diseases/physiopathology
- Infant, Newborn, Diseases/therapy
- Metabolism, Inborn Errors/diagnosis
- Metabolism, Inborn Errors/diagnostic imaging
- Metabolism, Inborn Errors/physiopathology
- Metabolism, Inborn Errors/therapy
- Neuroimaging
- Pregnancy
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos R Ferreira
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States; Rare Disease Institute, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Clara D M van Karnebeek
- Departments of Pediatrics and Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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25
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Hamanaka K, Miyatake S, Zerem A, Lev D, Blumkin L, Yokochi K, Fujita A, Imagawa E, Iwama K, Nakashima M, Mitsuhashi S, Mizuguchi T, Takata A, Miyake N, Saitsu H, van der Knaap MS, Lerman-Sagie T, Matsumoto N. Expanding the phenotype of IBA57 mutations: related leukodystrophy can remain asymptomatic. J Hum Genet 2018; 63:1223-1229. [PMID: 30258207 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-018-0516-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Biallelic mutations in IBA57 cause a mitochondrial disorder with a broad phenotypic spectrum that ranges from severe intellectual disability to adolescent-onset spastic paraplegia. Only 21 IBA57 mutations have been reported, therefore the phenotypic spectrum of IBA57-related mitochondrial disease has not yet been fully elucidated. In this study, we performed whole-exome sequencing on a Sepharadi Jewish and Japanese family with leukodystrophy. We identified four novel biallelic variants in IBA57 in the two families: one frameshift insertion and three missense variants. The three missense variants were predicted to be disease-causing by multiple in silico tools. The 29-year-old Sepharadi Jewish male had infantile-onset optic atrophy with clinically asymptomatic leukodystrophy involving periventricular white matter. The 19-year-old younger brother, with the same compound heterozygous IBA57 variants, had a similar clinical course until 7 years of age. However, he then developed a rapidly progressive spastic paraparesis following a febrile illness. A 7-year-old Japanese girl had developmental regression, spastic quadriplegia, and abnormal periventricular white matter signal on brain magnetic resonance imaging performed at 8 months of age. She had febrile convulsions at the age of 18 months and later developed epilepsy. In summary, we have identified four novel IBA57 mutations in two unrelated families. Consequently, we describe a patient with infantile-onset optic atrophy and asymptomatic white matter involvement, thus broadening the phenotypic spectrum of biallelic IBA57 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Hamanaka
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Satoko Miyatake
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.,Clinical Genetics Department, Yokohama City University Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Ayelet Zerem
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Metabolic-Neurogenetic Clinic, Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Dorit Lev
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Metabolic-Neurogenetic Clinic, Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Luba Blumkin
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Metabolic-Neurogenetic Clinic, Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Kenji Yokochi
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Atsushi Fujita
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Eri Imagawa
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Iwama
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Mitsuko Nakashima
- Department of Biochemistry, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Satomi Mitsuhashi
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takeshi Mizuguchi
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Atsushi Takata
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Noriko Miyake
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hirotomo Saitsu
- Department of Biochemistry, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | | | - Tally Lerman-Sagie
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Metabolic-Neurogenetic Clinic, Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Naomichi Matsumoto
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.
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26
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Protein moonlighting elucidates the essential human pathway catalyzing lipoic acid assembly on its cognate enzymes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E7063-E7072. [PMID: 29987032 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1805862115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The lack of attachment of lipoic acid to its cognate enzyme proteins results in devastating human metabolic disorders. These mitochondrial disorders are evident soon after birth and generally result in early death. The mutations causing specific defects in lipoyl assembly map in three genes, LIAS, LIPT1, and LIPT2 Although physiological roles have been proposed for the encoded proteins, only the LIPT1 protein had been studied at the enzyme level. LIPT1 was reported to catalyze only the second partial reaction of the classical lipoate ligase mechanism. We report that the physiologically relevant LIPT1 enzyme activity is transfer of lipoyl moieties from the H protein of the glycine cleavage system to the E2 subunits of the 2-oxoacid dehydrogenases required for respiration (e.g., pyruvate dehydrogenase) and amino acid degradation. We also report that LIPT2 encodes an octanoyl transferase that initiates lipoyl group assembly. The human pathway is now biochemically defined.
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27
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Stowe RC, Sun Q, Elsea SH, Scaglia F. LIPT1 deficiency presenting as early infantile epileptic encephalopathy, Leigh disease, and secondary pyruvate dehydrogenase complex deficiency. Am J Med Genet A 2018; 176:1184-1189. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert C. Stowe
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental NeuroscienceBaylor College of MedicineHouston Texas
| | - Qin Sun
- Department of Molecular and Human GeneticsBaylor College of MedicineHouston Texas
| | - Sarah H. Elsea
- Department of Molecular and Human GeneticsBaylor College of MedicineHouston Texas
| | - Fernando Scaglia
- Department of Molecular and Human GeneticsBaylor College of MedicineHouston Texas
- Texas Children's HospitalHouston Texas
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28
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Crooks DR, Maio N, Lane AN, Jarnik M, Higashi RM, Haller RG, Yang Y, Fan TWM, Linehan WM, Rouault TA. Acute loss of iron-sulfur clusters results in metabolic reprogramming and generation of lipid droplets in mammalian cells. J Biol Chem 2018. [PMID: 29523684 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.001885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters are ancient cofactors in cells and participate in diverse biochemical functions, including electron transfer and enzymatic catalysis. Although cell lines derived from individuals carrying mutations in the Fe-S cluster biogenesis pathway or siRNA-mediated knockdown of the Fe-S assembly components provide excellent models for investigating Fe-S cluster formation in mammalian cells, these experimental strategies focus on the consequences of prolonged impairment of Fe-S assembly. Here, we constructed and expressed dominant-negative variants of the primary Fe-S biogenesis scaffold protein iron-sulfur cluster assembly enzyme 2 (ISCU2) in human HEK293 cells. This approach enabled us to study the early metabolic reprogramming associated with loss of Fe-S-containing proteins in several major cellular compartments. Using multiple metabolomics platforms, we observed a ∼12-fold increase in intracellular citrate content in Fe-S-deficient cells, a surge that was due to loss of aconitase activity. The excess citrate was generated from glucose-derived acetyl-CoA, and global analysis of cellular lipids revealed that fatty acid biosynthesis increased markedly relative to cellular proliferation rates in Fe-S-deficient cells. We also observed intracellular lipid droplet accumulation in both acutely Fe-S-deficient cells and iron-starved cells. We conclude that deficient Fe-S biogenesis and acute iron deficiency rapidly increase cellular citrate concentrations, leading to fatty acid synthesis and cytosolic lipid droplet formation. Our findings uncover a potential cause of cellular steatosis in nonadipose tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R Crooks
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Nunziata Maio
- Section on Human Iron Metabolism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Andrew N Lane
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, and Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536
| | - Michal Jarnik
- Section on Cell Biology and Metabolism, Eunice Kennedy Shriver NICHD, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Richard M Higashi
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, and Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536
| | - Ronald G Haller
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Veterans Affairs North Texas Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75216; Neuromuscular Center, Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Dallas, Texas 75231
| | - Ye Yang
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Teresa W-M Fan
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, and Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536
| | - W Marston Linehan
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Tracey A Rouault
- Section on Human Iron Metabolism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
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29
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Alaimo JT, Besse A, Alston CL, Pang K, Appadurai V, Samanta M, Smpokou P, McFarland R, Taylor RW, Bonnen PE. Loss-of-function mutations in ISCA2 disrupt 4Fe-4S cluster machinery and cause a fatal leukodystrophy with hyperglycinemia and mtDNA depletion. Hum Mutat 2018; 39:537-549. [PMID: 29297947 PMCID: PMC5839994 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Iron–sulfur (Fe–S) clusters are essential cofactors for proteins that participate in fundamental cellular processes including metabolism, DNA replication and repair, transcriptional regulation, and the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC). ISCA2 plays a role in the biogenesis of Fe–S clusters and a recent report described subjects displaying infantile‐onset leukodystrophy due to bi‐allelic mutation of ISCA2. We present two additional unrelated cases, and provide a more complete clinical description that includes hyperglycinemia, leukodystrophy of the brainstem with longitudinally extensive spinal cord involvement, and mtDNA deficiency. Additionally, we characterize the role of ISCA2 in mitochondrial bioenergetics and Fe–S cluster assembly using subject cells and ISCA2 cellular knockdown models. Loss of ISCA2 diminished mitochondrial membrane potential, the mitochondrial network, basal and maximal respiration, ATP production, and activity of ETC complexes II and IV. We specifically tested the impact of loss of ISCA2 on 2Fe–2S proteins versus 4Fe–4S proteins and observed deficits in the functioning of 4Fe–4S but not 2Fe–2S proteins. Together these data indicate loss of ISCA2 impaired function of 4Fe–4S proteins resulting in a fatal encephalopathy accompanied by a relatively unusual combination of features including mtDNA depletion alongside complex II deficiency and hyperglycinemia that may facilitate diagnosis of ISCA2 deficiency patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph T Alaimo
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Arnaud Besse
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Charlotte L Alston
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear, UK
| | - Ki Pang
- Royal Victoria Infirmary, Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Vivek Appadurai
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Monisha Samanta
- Division of Genetics & Metabolism, Children's National Health System, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Patroula Smpokou
- Division of Genetics & Metabolism, Children's National Health System, Washington, District of Columbia.,Department of Pediatrics, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Robert McFarland
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear, UK
| | - Robert W Taylor
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear, UK
| | - Penelope E Bonnen
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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30
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Wachnowsky C, Liu Y, Yoon T, Cowan JA. Regulation of human Nfu activity in Fe-S cluster delivery-characterization of the interaction between Nfu and the HSPA9/Hsc20 chaperone complex. FEBS J 2017; 285:391-410. [PMID: 29211945 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Iron-sulfur cluster biogenesis is a complex, but highly regulated process that involves de novo cluster formation from iron and sulfide ions on a scaffold protein, and subsequent delivery to final targets via a series of Fe-S cluster-binding carrier proteins. The process of cluster release from the scaffold/carrier for transfer to the target proteins may be mediated by a dedicated Fe-S cluster chaperone system. In human cells, the chaperones include heat shock protein HSPA9 and the J-type chaperone Hsc20. While the role of chaperones has been somewhat clarified in yeast and bacterial systems, many questions remain over their functional roles in cluster delivery and interactions with a variety of human Fe-S cluster proteins. One such protein, Nfu, has recently been recognized as a potential interaction partner of the chaperone complex. Herein, we examined the ability of human Nfu to function as a carrier by interacting with the human chaperone complex. Human Nfu is shown to bind to both chaperone proteins with binding affinities similar to those observed for IscU binding to the homologous HSPA9 and Hsc20, while Nfu can also stimulate the ATPase activity of HSPA9. Additionally, the chaperone complex was able to promote Nfu function by enhancing the second-order rate constants for Fe-S cluster transfer to target proteins and providing directionality in cluster transfer from Nfu by eliminating promiscuous transfer reactions. Together, these data support a hypothesis in which Nfu can serve as an alternative carrier protein for chaperone-mediated cluster release and delivery in Fe-S cluster biogenesis and trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Wachnowsky
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,The Ohio State Biochemistry Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Yushi Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,The Ohio State Biochemistry Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Taejin Yoon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - J A Cowan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,The Ohio State Biochemistry Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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31
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Lebigot E, Gaignard P, Dorboz I, Slama A, Rio M, de Lonlay P, Héron B, Sabourdy F, Boespflug-Tanguy O, Cardoso A, Habarou F, Ottolenghi C, Thérond P, Bouton C, Golinelli-Cohen MP, Boutron A. Impact of mutations within the [Fe-S] cluster or the lipoic acid biosynthesis pathways on mitochondrial protein expression profiles in fibroblasts from patients. Mol Genet Metab 2017; 122:85-94. [PMID: 28803783 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Lipoic acid (LA) is the cofactor of the E2 subunit of mitochondrial ketoacid dehydrogenases and plays a major role in oxidative decarboxylation. De novo LA biosynthesis is dependent on LIAS activity together with LIPT1 and LIPT2. LIAS is an iron‑sulfur (Fe-S) cluster-containing mitochondrial protein, like mitochondrial aconitase (mt-aco) and some subunits of respiratory chain (RC) complexes I, II and III. All of them harbor at least one [Fe-S] cluster and their activity is dependent on the mitochondrial [Fe-S] cluster (ISC) assembly machinery. Disorders in the ISC machinery affect numerous Fe-S proteins and lead to a heterogeneous group of diseases with a wide variety of clinical symptoms and combined enzymatic defects. Here, we present the biochemical profiles of several key mitochondrial [Fe-S]-containing proteins in fibroblasts from 13 patients carrying mutations in genes encoding proteins involved in either the lipoic acid (LIPT1 and LIPT2) or mitochondrial ISC biogenesis (FDX1L, ISCA2, IBA57, NFU1, BOLA3) pathway. Ten of them are new patients described for the first time. We confirm that the fibroblast is a good cellular model to study these deficiencies, except for patients presenting mutations in FDX1L and a muscular clinical phenotype. We find that oxidative phosphorylation can be affected by LA defects in LIPT1 and LIPT2 patients due to excessive oxidative stress or to another mechanism connecting LA and respiratory chain activity. We confirm that NFU1, BOLA3, ISCA2 and IBA57 operate in the maturation of [4Fe-4S] clusters and not in [2Fe-2S] protein maturation. Our work suggests a functional difference between IBA57 and other proteins involved in maturation of [Fe-S] proteins. IBA57 seems to require BOLA3, NFU1 and ISCA2 for its stability and NFU1 requires BOLA3. Finally, our study establishes different biochemical profiles for patients according to their mutated protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Lebigot
- Biochemistry Department, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Hôpitaux universitaires Paris-Sud, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, 94270 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France; Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (ICSN), CNRS UPR 2301, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - P Gaignard
- Biochemistry Department, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Hôpitaux universitaires Paris-Sud, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, 94270 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - I Dorboz
- Inserm U1141, Paris Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, DHU PROTECT, Hôpital Robert Debré, Paris, France
| | - A Slama
- Biochemistry Department, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Hôpitaux universitaires Paris-Sud, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, 94270 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - M Rio
- Reference Center of Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Institut Imagine, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris-Descartes, 75015 Paris, France
| | - P de Lonlay
- Reference Center of Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Institut Imagine, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris-Descartes, 75015 Paris, France
| | - B Héron
- Neuropediatrics Department, Hôpital Trousseau, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, 75012 Paris, GCR Concer-LD Sorbonne Universités UPMC, Univ 06, Paris, France
| | - F Sabourdy
- Metabolic Biochemistry Department, Hôpital des Enfants, 31059 Toulouse cedex, France
| | - O Boespflug-Tanguy
- Inserm U1141, Paris Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, DHU PROTECT, Hôpital Robert Debré, Paris, France; Neuropediatrics Department, Hôpital Robert Debré, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, 75019 Paris, France
| | - A Cardoso
- Biochemistry Department, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Hôpitaux universitaires Paris-Sud, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, 94270 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - F Habarou
- Metabolic Biochemistry Department, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, 75015 Paris, France
| | - C Ottolenghi
- Metabolic Biochemistry Department, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, 75015 Paris, France
| | - P Thérond
- Biochemistry Department, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Hôpitaux universitaires Paris-Sud, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, 94270 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - C Bouton
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (ICSN), CNRS UPR 2301, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - M P Golinelli-Cohen
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (ICSN), CNRS UPR 2301, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - A Boutron
- Biochemistry Department, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Hôpitaux universitaires Paris-Sud, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, 94270 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France.
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32
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Wesley NA, Wachnowsky C, Fidai I, Cowan JA. Analysis of NFU-1 metallocofactor binding-site substitutions-impacts on iron-sulfur cluster coordination and protein structure and function. FEBS J 2017; 284:3817-3837. [PMID: 28906593 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Iron-sulfur (Fe/S) clusters are ancient prosthetic groups found in numerous metalloproteins and are conserved across all kingdoms of life due to their diverse, yet essential functional roles. Genetic mutations to a specific subset of mitochondrial Fe/S cluster delivery proteins are broadly categorized as disease-related under multiple mitochondrial dysfunction syndrome (MMDS), with symptoms indicative of a general failure of the metabolic system. Multiple mitochondrial dysfunction syndrome 1 (MMDS1) arises as a result of the missense mutation in NFU1, an Fe/S cluster scaffold protein, which substitutes a glycine near the Fe/S cluster-binding pocket to a cysteine (p.Gly208Cys). This substitution has been shown to promote protein dimerization such that cluster delivery to NFU1 is blocked, preventing downstream cluster trafficking. However, the possibility of this additional cysteine, located adjacent to the cluster-binding site, serving as an Fe/S cluster ligand has not yet been explored. To fully understand the consequences of this Gly208Cys replacement, complementary substitutions at the Fe/S cluster-binding pocket for native and Gly208Cys NFU1 were made, along with six other variants. Herein, we report the results of an investigation on the effect of these substitutions on both cluster coordination and NFU1 structure and function. The data suggest that the G208C substitution does not contribute to cluster binding. Rather, replacement of the glycine at position 208 changes the oligomerization state as a result of global structural alterations that result in the downstream effects manifest as MMDS1, but does not perturb the coordination chemistry of the Fe-S cluster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel A Wesley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Christine Wachnowsky
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,The Ohio State Biochemistry Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Insiya Fidai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,The Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - J A Cowan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,The Ohio State Biochemistry Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,The Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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33
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Ishiyama A, Sakai C, Matsushima Y, Noguchi S, Mitsuhashi S, Endo Y, Hayashi YK, Saito Y, Nakagawa E, Komaki H, Sugai K, Sasaki M, Sato N, Nonaka I, Goto YI, Nishino I. IBA57 mutations abrogate iron-sulfur cluster assembly leading to cavitating leukoencephalopathy. NEUROLOGY-GENETICS 2017; 3:e184. [PMID: 28913435 PMCID: PMC5591399 DOI: 10.1212/nxg.0000000000000184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the molecular factors contributing to progressive cavitating leukoencephalopathy (PCL) to help resolve the underlying genotype-phenotype associations in the mitochondrial iron-sulfur cluster (ISC) assembly system. METHODS The subjects were 3 patients from 2 families who showed no inconsistencies in either clinical or brain MRI findings as PCL. We used exome sequencing, immunoblotting, and enzyme activity assays to establish a molecular diagnosis and determine the roles of ISC-associated factors in PCL. RESULTS We performed genetic analyses on these 3 patients and identified compound heterozygosity for the IBA57 gene, which encodes the mitochondrial iron-sulfur protein assembly factor. Protein expression analysis revealed substantial decreases in IBA57 protein expression in myoblasts and fibroblasts. Immunoblotting revealed substantially reduced expression of SDHB, a subunit of complex II, and lipoic acid synthetase (LIAS). Levels of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex-E2 and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase-E2, which use lipoic acid as a cofactor, were also reduced. In activity staining, SDH activity was clearly reduced, but it was ameliorated in mitochondrial fractions from rescued myoblasts. In addition, NFU1 protein expression was also decreased, which is required for the assembly of a subset of iron-sulfur proteins to SDH and LIAS in the mitochondrial ISC assembly system. CONCLUSIONS Defects in IBA57 essentially regulate NFU1 expression, and aberrant NFU1 ultimately affects SDH activity and LIAS expression in the ISC biogenesis pathway. This study provides new insights into the role of the iron-sulfur protein assembly system in disorders related to mitochondrial energy metabolism associated with leukoencephalopathy with cavities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Ishiyama
- Department of Child Neurology (A.I., Y.S., E.N., H.K, K.S., M.S.), National Center Hospital; Department of Neuromuscular Research (A.I., S.N., S.M., Y.E., Y.K.H., I. Nonaka, I. Nishino.), National Institute of Neuroscience; Department of Mental Retardation and Birth Defect Research (C.S., Y.M., Y.-i.G.), National Institute of Neuroscience; Department of Radiology (N.S.), National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo; Department of Pharmacology (A.I.), Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi; and Department of Pathophysiology (Y.K.H), Tokyo Medical University, Japan
| | - Chika Sakai
- Department of Child Neurology (A.I., Y.S., E.N., H.K, K.S., M.S.), National Center Hospital; Department of Neuromuscular Research (A.I., S.N., S.M., Y.E., Y.K.H., I. Nonaka, I. Nishino.), National Institute of Neuroscience; Department of Mental Retardation and Birth Defect Research (C.S., Y.M., Y.-i.G.), National Institute of Neuroscience; Department of Radiology (N.S.), National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo; Department of Pharmacology (A.I.), Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi; and Department of Pathophysiology (Y.K.H), Tokyo Medical University, Japan
| | - Yuichi Matsushima
- Department of Child Neurology (A.I., Y.S., E.N., H.K, K.S., M.S.), National Center Hospital; Department of Neuromuscular Research (A.I., S.N., S.M., Y.E., Y.K.H., I. Nonaka, I. Nishino.), National Institute of Neuroscience; Department of Mental Retardation and Birth Defect Research (C.S., Y.M., Y.-i.G.), National Institute of Neuroscience; Department of Radiology (N.S.), National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo; Department of Pharmacology (A.I.), Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi; and Department of Pathophysiology (Y.K.H), Tokyo Medical University, Japan
| | - Satoru Noguchi
- Department of Child Neurology (A.I., Y.S., E.N., H.K, K.S., M.S.), National Center Hospital; Department of Neuromuscular Research (A.I., S.N., S.M., Y.E., Y.K.H., I. Nonaka, I. Nishino.), National Institute of Neuroscience; Department of Mental Retardation and Birth Defect Research (C.S., Y.M., Y.-i.G.), National Institute of Neuroscience; Department of Radiology (N.S.), National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo; Department of Pharmacology (A.I.), Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi; and Department of Pathophysiology (Y.K.H), Tokyo Medical University, Japan
| | - Satomi Mitsuhashi
- Department of Child Neurology (A.I., Y.S., E.N., H.K, K.S., M.S.), National Center Hospital; Department of Neuromuscular Research (A.I., S.N., S.M., Y.E., Y.K.H., I. Nonaka, I. Nishino.), National Institute of Neuroscience; Department of Mental Retardation and Birth Defect Research (C.S., Y.M., Y.-i.G.), National Institute of Neuroscience; Department of Radiology (N.S.), National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo; Department of Pharmacology (A.I.), Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi; and Department of Pathophysiology (Y.K.H), Tokyo Medical University, Japan
| | - Yukari Endo
- Department of Child Neurology (A.I., Y.S., E.N., H.K, K.S., M.S.), National Center Hospital; Department of Neuromuscular Research (A.I., S.N., S.M., Y.E., Y.K.H., I. Nonaka, I. Nishino.), National Institute of Neuroscience; Department of Mental Retardation and Birth Defect Research (C.S., Y.M., Y.-i.G.), National Institute of Neuroscience; Department of Radiology (N.S.), National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo; Department of Pharmacology (A.I.), Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi; and Department of Pathophysiology (Y.K.H), Tokyo Medical University, Japan
| | - Yukiko K Hayashi
- Department of Child Neurology (A.I., Y.S., E.N., H.K, K.S., M.S.), National Center Hospital; Department of Neuromuscular Research (A.I., S.N., S.M., Y.E., Y.K.H., I. Nonaka, I. Nishino.), National Institute of Neuroscience; Department of Mental Retardation and Birth Defect Research (C.S., Y.M., Y.-i.G.), National Institute of Neuroscience; Department of Radiology (N.S.), National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo; Department of Pharmacology (A.I.), Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi; and Department of Pathophysiology (Y.K.H), Tokyo Medical University, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Saito
- Department of Child Neurology (A.I., Y.S., E.N., H.K, K.S., M.S.), National Center Hospital; Department of Neuromuscular Research (A.I., S.N., S.M., Y.E., Y.K.H., I. Nonaka, I. Nishino.), National Institute of Neuroscience; Department of Mental Retardation and Birth Defect Research (C.S., Y.M., Y.-i.G.), National Institute of Neuroscience; Department of Radiology (N.S.), National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo; Department of Pharmacology (A.I.), Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi; and Department of Pathophysiology (Y.K.H), Tokyo Medical University, Japan
| | - Eiji Nakagawa
- Department of Child Neurology (A.I., Y.S., E.N., H.K, K.S., M.S.), National Center Hospital; Department of Neuromuscular Research (A.I., S.N., S.M., Y.E., Y.K.H., I. Nonaka, I. Nishino.), National Institute of Neuroscience; Department of Mental Retardation and Birth Defect Research (C.S., Y.M., Y.-i.G.), National Institute of Neuroscience; Department of Radiology (N.S.), National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo; Department of Pharmacology (A.I.), Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi; and Department of Pathophysiology (Y.K.H), Tokyo Medical University, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Komaki
- Department of Child Neurology (A.I., Y.S., E.N., H.K, K.S., M.S.), National Center Hospital; Department of Neuromuscular Research (A.I., S.N., S.M., Y.E., Y.K.H., I. Nonaka, I. Nishino.), National Institute of Neuroscience; Department of Mental Retardation and Birth Defect Research (C.S., Y.M., Y.-i.G.), National Institute of Neuroscience; Department of Radiology (N.S.), National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo; Department of Pharmacology (A.I.), Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi; and Department of Pathophysiology (Y.K.H), Tokyo Medical University, Japan
| | - Kenji Sugai
- Department of Child Neurology (A.I., Y.S., E.N., H.K, K.S., M.S.), National Center Hospital; Department of Neuromuscular Research (A.I., S.N., S.M., Y.E., Y.K.H., I. Nonaka, I. Nishino.), National Institute of Neuroscience; Department of Mental Retardation and Birth Defect Research (C.S., Y.M., Y.-i.G.), National Institute of Neuroscience; Department of Radiology (N.S.), National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo; Department of Pharmacology (A.I.), Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi; and Department of Pathophysiology (Y.K.H), Tokyo Medical University, Japan
| | - Masayuki Sasaki
- Department of Child Neurology (A.I., Y.S., E.N., H.K, K.S., M.S.), National Center Hospital; Department of Neuromuscular Research (A.I., S.N., S.M., Y.E., Y.K.H., I. Nonaka, I. Nishino.), National Institute of Neuroscience; Department of Mental Retardation and Birth Defect Research (C.S., Y.M., Y.-i.G.), National Institute of Neuroscience; Department of Radiology (N.S.), National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo; Department of Pharmacology (A.I.), Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi; and Department of Pathophysiology (Y.K.H), Tokyo Medical University, Japan
| | - Noriko Sato
- Department of Child Neurology (A.I., Y.S., E.N., H.K, K.S., M.S.), National Center Hospital; Department of Neuromuscular Research (A.I., S.N., S.M., Y.E., Y.K.H., I. Nonaka, I. Nishino.), National Institute of Neuroscience; Department of Mental Retardation and Birth Defect Research (C.S., Y.M., Y.-i.G.), National Institute of Neuroscience; Department of Radiology (N.S.), National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo; Department of Pharmacology (A.I.), Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi; and Department of Pathophysiology (Y.K.H), Tokyo Medical University, Japan
| | - Ikuya Nonaka
- Department of Child Neurology (A.I., Y.S., E.N., H.K, K.S., M.S.), National Center Hospital; Department of Neuromuscular Research (A.I., S.N., S.M., Y.E., Y.K.H., I. Nonaka, I. Nishino.), National Institute of Neuroscience; Department of Mental Retardation and Birth Defect Research (C.S., Y.M., Y.-i.G.), National Institute of Neuroscience; Department of Radiology (N.S.), National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo; Department of Pharmacology (A.I.), Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi; and Department of Pathophysiology (Y.K.H), Tokyo Medical University, Japan
| | - Yu-Ichi Goto
- Department of Child Neurology (A.I., Y.S., E.N., H.K, K.S., M.S.), National Center Hospital; Department of Neuromuscular Research (A.I., S.N., S.M., Y.E., Y.K.H., I. Nonaka, I. Nishino.), National Institute of Neuroscience; Department of Mental Retardation and Birth Defect Research (C.S., Y.M., Y.-i.G.), National Institute of Neuroscience; Department of Radiology (N.S.), National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo; Department of Pharmacology (A.I.), Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi; and Department of Pathophysiology (Y.K.H), Tokyo Medical University, Japan
| | - Ichizo Nishino
- Department of Child Neurology (A.I., Y.S., E.N., H.K, K.S., M.S.), National Center Hospital; Department of Neuromuscular Research (A.I., S.N., S.M., Y.E., Y.K.H., I. Nonaka, I. Nishino.), National Institute of Neuroscience; Department of Mental Retardation and Birth Defect Research (C.S., Y.M., Y.-i.G.), National Institute of Neuroscience; Department of Radiology (N.S.), National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo; Department of Pharmacology (A.I.), Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi; and Department of Pathophysiology (Y.K.H), Tokyo Medical University, Japan
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34
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Bernardinelli E, Costa R, Scantamburlo G, To J, Morabito R, Nofziger C, Doerrier C, Krumschnabel G, Paulmichl M, Dossena S. Mis-targeting of the mitochondrial protein LIPT2 leads to apoptotic cell death. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0179591. [PMID: 28628643 PMCID: PMC5476274 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipoyl(Octanoyl) Transferase 2 (LIPT2) is a protein involved in the post-translational modification of key energy metabolism enzymes in humans. Defects of lipoic acid synthesis and transfer start to emerge as causes of fatal or severe early-onset disease. We show that the first 31 amino acids of the N-terminus of LIPT2 represent a mitochondrial targeting sequence and inhibition of the transit of LIPT2 to the mitochondrion results in apoptotic cell death associated with activation of the apoptotic volume decrease (AVD) current in normotonic conditions, as well as over-activation of the swelling-activated chloride current (IClswell), mitochondrial membrane potential collapse, caspase-3 cleavage and nuclear DNA fragmentation. The findings presented here may help elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying derangements of lipoic acid biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Bernardinelli
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Roberta Costa
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Giada Scantamburlo
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Janet To
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rossana Morabito
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Charity Nofziger
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | | | | | - Markus Paulmichl
- Center for Health and Bioresources, Austrian Institute of Technology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Silvia Dossena
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
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35
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Wachnowsky C, Wesley NA, Fidai I, Cowan JA. Understanding the Molecular Basis of Multiple Mitochondrial Dysfunctions Syndrome 1 (MMDS1)-Impact of a Disease-Causing Gly208Cys Substitution on Structure and Activity of NFU1 in the Fe/S Cluster Biosynthetic Pathway. J Mol Biol 2017; 429:790-807. [PMID: 28161430 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2017.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Iron-sulfur (Fe/S)-cluster-containing proteins constitute one of the largest protein classes, with varied functions that include electron transport, regulation of gene expression, substrate binding and activation, and radical generation. Consequently, the biosynthetic machinery for Fe/S clusters is evolutionarily conserved, and mutations in a variety of putative intermediate Fe/S cluster scaffold proteins can cause disease states, including multiple mitochondrial dysfunctions syndrome (MMDS), sideroblastic anemia, and mitochondrial encephalomyopathy. Herein, we have characterized the impact of defects occurring in the MMDS1 disease state that result from a point mutation (Gly208Cys) near the active site of NFU1, an Fe/S scaffold protein, via an in vitro investigation into the structural and functional consequences. Analysis of protein stability and oligomeric state demonstrates that the mutant increases the propensity to dimerize and perturbs the secondary structure composition. These changes appear to underlie the severely decreased ability of mutant NFU1 to accept an Fe/S cluster from physiologically relevant sources. Therefore, the point mutation on NFU1 impairs downstream cluster trafficking and results in the disease phenotype, because there does not appear to be an alternative in vivo reconstitution path, most likely due to greater protein oligomerization from a minor structural change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Wachnowsky
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; The Ohio State Biochemistry Program, The Ohio State University, 484 W. 12th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Nathaniel A Wesley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Insiya Fidai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; The Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, 484 W. 12th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - J A Cowan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; The Ohio State Biochemistry Program, The Ohio State University, 484 W. 12th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA; The Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, 484 W. 12th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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