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Ferrante M, Cristaldi A, Oliveri Conti G. Oncogenic Role of miRNA in Environmental Exposure to Plasticizers: A Systematic Review. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11060500. [PMID: 34199666 PMCID: PMC8229109 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11060500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The daily environmental exposure of humans to plasticizers may adversely affect human health, representing a global issue. The altered expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) plays an important pathogenic role in exposure to plasticizers. This systematic review summarizes recent findings showing the modified expression of miRNAs in cancer due to exposure to plasticizers. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology, we performed a systematic review of the literature published in the past 10 years, focusing on the relationship between plasticizer exposure and the expression of miRNAs related to cancer. Starting with 535 records, 17 articles were included. The results support the hypothesis that exposure to plasticizers causes changes in or the deregulation of a number of oncogenic miRNAs and show that the interaction of plasticizers with several redundant miRNAs, such as let-7f, let-7g, miR-125b, miR-134, miR-146a, miR-22, miR-192, miR-222, miR-26a, miR-26b, miR-27b, miR-296, miR-324, miR-335, miR-122, miR-23b, miR-200, miR-29a, and miR-21, might induce deep alterations. These genotoxic and oncogenic responses can eventually lead to abnormal cell signaling pathways and metabolic changes that participate in many overlapping cellular processes, and the evaluation of miRNA-level changes can be a useful target for the toxicological assessment of environmental pollutants, including plastic additives and plasticizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Ferrante
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.C.); (G.O.C.)
- Catania, Messina, Enna Cancer Registry, Via S. Sofia 87, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-095-378-2181; Fax: +39-095-378-2177
| | - Antonio Cristaldi
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.C.); (G.O.C.)
| | - Gea Oliveri Conti
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.C.); (G.O.C.)
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2
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Guan Q, Song X, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Li J. Identification of Tamoxifen-Resistant Breast Cancer Cell Lines and Drug Response Signature. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:564005. [PMID: 33344500 PMCID: PMC7746845 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.564005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer cell lines are frequently used to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of the disease. However, a large proportion of cell lines are affected by problems such as mislabeling and cross-contamination. Therefore, it is of great clinical significance to select optimal breast cancer cell lines models. Using tamoxifen survival-related genes from breast cancer tissues as the gold standard, we selected the optimal cell line model to represent the characteristics of clinical tissue samples. Moreover, using relative expression orderings of gene pairs, we developed a gene pair signature that could predict tamoxifen therapy outcomes. Based on 235 consistently identified survival-related genes from datasets GSE17705 and GSE6532, we found that only the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from the cell line dataset GSE26459 were significantly reproducible in tissue samples (binomial test, p = 2.13E-07). Finally, using the consistent DEGs from cell line dataset GSE26459 and tissue samples, we used the transcriptional qualitative feature to develop a two-gene pair (TOP2A, SLC7A5; NMU, PDSS1) for predicting clinical tamoxifen resistance in the training data (logrank p = 1.98E-07); this signature was verified using an independent dataset (logrank p = 0.009909). Our results indicate that the cell line model from dataset GSE26459 provides a good representation of the characteristics of clinical tissue samples; thus, it will be a good choice for the selection of drug-resistant and drug-sensitive breast cancer cell lines in the future. Moreover, our signature could predict tamoxifen treatment outcomes in breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingzhou Guan
- Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of P.R. China, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xuekun Song
- College of Information Technology, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhang
- Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of P.R. China, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yizhi Zhang
- Department of Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yating Chen
- Department of Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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3
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Wang Y, Beauchamp ME, Abrahamowicz M. Nonlinear and time-dependent effects of sparsely measured continuous time-varying covariates in time-to-event analysis. Biom J 2020; 62:492-515. [PMID: 32022299 DOI: 10.1002/bimj.201900042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Many flexible extensions of the Cox proportional hazards model incorporate time-dependent (TD) and/or nonlinear (NL) effects of time-invariant covariates. In contrast, little attention has been given to the assessment of such effects for continuous time-varying covariates (TVCs). We propose a flexible regression B-spline-based model for TD and NL effects of a TVC. To account for sparse TVC measurements, we added to this model the effect of time elapsed since last observation (TEL), which acts as an effect modifier. TD, NL, and TEL effects are estimated with the iterative alternative conditional estimation algorithm. Furthermore, a simulation extrapolation (SIMEX)-like procedure was adapted to correct the estimated effects for random measurement errors in the observed TVC values. In simulations, TD and NL estimates were unbiased if the TVC was measured with a high frequency. With sparse measurements, the strength of the effects was underestimated but the TEL estimate helped reduce the bias, whereas SIMEX helped further to correct for bias toward the null due to "white noise" measurement errors. We reassessed the effects of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and total cholesterol, measured at two-year intervals, on cardiovascular risks in women participating in the Framingham Heart Study. Accounting for TD effects of SBP, cholesterol and age, the NL effect of cholesterol, and the TEL effect of SBP improved substantially the model's fit to data. Flexible estimates yielded clinically important insights regarding the role of these risk factors. These results illustrate the advantages of flexible modeling of TVC effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yishu Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-Eve Beauchamp
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Michal Abrahamowicz
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
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4
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Isidean SD, Wang Y, Mayrand MH, Ratnam S, Coutlée F, Franco EL, Abrahamowicz M. Assessing the time dependence of prognostic values of cytology and human papillomavirus testing in cervical cancer screening. Int J Cancer 2019; 144:2408-2418. [PMID: 30411802 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Accurate assessment of risks for developing cervical intraepithelial neoplasia of grade 2 or worse (CIN2+) after a given set of screening test results is instrumental to reaching valid conclusions and informing cervical cancer screening recommendations. Using data from the Canadian Cervical Cancer Screening Trial (CCCaST), we assessed prognostic values of enrollment screening test results to predict CIN2+ among women attending routine cervical screening using multivariable Cox proportional hazards (PH) regression and its flexible extension during each of two follow-up periods (protocol-defined and extended). Nonproportional (time-dependent (TD)) and/or nonlinear effects were modeled, as appropriate. Women with abnormal cytology had hazard ratios (HRs) for CIN2+ detection of 17.61 (95% CI: 11.25-27.57) and 10.46 (95% CI: 5.41-20.24) relative to women with normal cytology during the protocol-defined and extended follow-up periods, respectively. High-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) positivity was an even stronger predictor of CIN2+ risk, with significant TD effects during both follow-up periods (p <0.001 for both TD effects). Risks among women co-testing HR-HPV+ with and without abnormal cytology (relative to women co-testing negative) were highest immediately after baseline, and decreased significantly thereafter (p <0.001 for both TD effects). HRs for HPV16+ and HPV18+ women (relative to those testing HR-HPV-) did not vary significantly over time (HR = 182.96; 95% CI: 95.16-351.77 and HR = 111.81; 95% CI: 44.60-280.31, respectively). Due to TD effects, conventional Cox model estimates considerably underestimated adjusted HRs associated with positive HR-HPV testing results early on in the follow-up periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra D Isidean
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Yishu Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-Hélène Mayrand
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Départements d'Obstétrique-Gynécologie et de Médecine Sociale et Préventive, Université de Montréal et CRCHUM, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sam Ratnam
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Division of Community Health and Humanities, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - François Coutlée
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Département de Microbiologie-Infectiologie, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Eduardo L Franco
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Michal Abrahamowicz
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Zhao H, Wang J, Zhang Y, Yuan M, Yang S, Li L, Yang H. Prognostic Values of CCNE1 Amplification and Overexpression in Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Cancer 2018; 9:2397-2407. [PMID: 30026836 PMCID: PMC6036712 DOI: 10.7150/jca.24179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of studies revealed that CCNE1 copy number amplification and overexpression (on mRNA or protein expression level) were associated with prognosis of diverse cancers, however, the results were inconsistent among studies. So we conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the prognostic values of CCNE1 amplification and overexpression in cancer patients. PubMed, Cochrane library, Embase, CNKI and WanFang database (last update by February 15, 2018) were searched for literatures. A total of 20 studies were included and 5 survival assessment parameters were measured in this study, which included overall survival (OS), progression free survival (PFS), recurrence free survival (RFS), cancer specific survival (CSS) and distant metastasis free survival (DMFS). Pooled analyses showed that CCNE1 amplification might predict poor OS (HR=1.59, 95% CI: 1.05-2.40, p=0.027) rather than PFS (HR=1.49, 95% CI: 0.83-2.67, p=0.177) and RFS (HR=0.982, 95% CI: 0.2376-4.059, p=0.9801) in various cancers; CCNE1 overexpression significantly correlated with poor OS (HR=1.52, 95% CI: 1.05-2.20, p=0.027), PFS (HR=1.20, 95% CI: 1.07-1.34, p=0.001) and DMFS (HR=1.62, 95% CI: 1.09-2.40, p=0.017) rather than RFS (HR=1.68, 95% CI: 0.81-3.50, p=0.164) and CSS (HR=1.54, 95% CI: 0.74-3.18, p=0.246). On the whole, these results indicated CCNE1 amplification and overexpression were associated with poor survival of patients with cancer, suggesting that CCNE1 might be an effective prognostic signature for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyue Zhao
- Center of Reproduction and Genetics, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 26 Daoqian Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215002, China
| | - Junling Wang
- Department of Gynaecology, Huangshi Maternity And Children's Health Hospital Edong Healthcare Group, No.80 Guilin Road, Huangshi 43500, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No.188 Shizi Road, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Ming Yuan
- Department of Gynaecology, Huangshi Maternity And Children's Health Hospital Edong Healthcare Group, No.80 Guilin Road, Huangshi 43500, China
| | - Shuangxiang Yang
- Department of Gynaecology, Huangshi Maternity And Children's Health Hospital Edong Healthcare Group, No.80 Guilin Road, Huangshi 43500, China
| | - Lisong Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No.188 Shizi Road, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Huilin Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No.188 Shizi Road, Suzhou 215006, China
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Zhou L, Xie Z, Shao Z, Chen W, Xie H, Cui X, Qin G, Zhao N. Modeling the relationship between baseline lactate dehydrogenase and prognosis in patients with extensive-disease small cell lung cancer: a retrospective cohort study. J Thorac Dis 2018; 10:1043-1049. [PMID: 29607179 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2018.02.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Background Elevated pretreatment lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) has been reported to be associated with poor survival in small cell lung cancer (SCLC). The present study aimed to investigate the continuous relationship between baseline LDH level and survival in patients with extensive-disease SCLC (ED-SCLC). Methods Data were retrospectively collected from Shanghai Health Information Network. Patients primarily diagnosed as ED-SCLC from April 2011 to August 2014 were eligible for our study. Patients' survival status was checked in March 2016. A multivariate Cox proportional hazard model was used to detect the association between baseline serum LDH and overall survival. The corresponding continuous relationship was analyzed by using natural spline functions in the Cox model. Results A total of 132 eligible ED-SCLC patients were analyzed. Elevated LDH at baseline was associated with poor survival (HR =1.92; 95% CI, 1.29-2.86). An increment of LDH would still raise the risk of death even in abnormal range. Among patients with elevated LDH, those who had relatively higher LDH levels (>370 U/L) would have a poorer prognosis than those with moderately elevated LDH levels (245-370 U/L; median survival time, 114 vs. 274 days; P value of log rank test, 0.007). Conclusions LDH is a significant prognostic biomarker for ED-SCLC patients. The interpretation of continuous relationship between LDH and patients' survival can provide more accurate information for clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhou
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Fudan University and Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Ministry of Health (Fudan University), Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhihui Xie
- Information Center, Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning, Shanghai 200125, China
| | - Zhenyi Shao
- Information Center, Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning, Shanghai 200125, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Information Center, Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning, Shanghai 200125, China
| | - Hua Xie
- Information Center, Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning, Shanghai 200125, China
| | - Xin Cui
- Information Center, Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning, Shanghai 200125, China
| | - Guoyou Qin
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Fudan University and Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Ministry of Health (Fudan University), Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Naiqing Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Fudan University and Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Ministry of Health (Fudan University), Shanghai 200032, China
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7
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High expression of cyclin D1 is associated to high proliferation rate and increased risk of mortality in women with ER-positive but not in ER-negative breast cancers. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2017; 164:667-678. [PMID: 28528450 PMCID: PMC5495873 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-017-4294-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Cyclin D1 has a central role in cell cycle control and is an important component of estrogen regulation of cell cycle progression. We have previously shown that high cyclin D expression is related to aggressive features of ER-positive but not ER-negative breast cancer. The aims of the present study were to validate this differential ER-related effect and furthermore explore the relationship between cyclin D overexpression and CCND1 gene amplification status in a node-negative breast cancer case–control study. Methods Immunohistochemical nuclear expression of cyclin D1 (n = 364) and amplification of the gene CCND1 by fluorescent in situ hybridization (n = 255) was performed on tissue microarray sections from patients with T1-2N0M0 breast cancer. Patients given adjuvant chemotherapy were excluded. The primary event was defined as breast cancer death. Breast cancer-specific survival was analyzed in univariate and multivariable models using conditional logistic regression. Results Expression of cyclin D1 above the median (61.7%) in ER breast cancer was associated with an increased risk for breast cancer death (OR 3.2 95% CI 1.5–6.8) also when adjusted for tumor size and grade (OR 3.1). No significant prognostic impact of cyclin D1 expression was found among ER-negative cases. Cyclin D1 overexpression was significantly associated to high expression of the proliferation markers cyclins A (ρ 0.19, p = 0.006) and B (ρ 0.18, p = 0.003) in ER-positive tumors, but not in ER-negative cases. There was a significant association between CCND1 amplification and cyclin D1 expression (p = 0.003), but CCND1 amplification was not statistically significantly prognostic (HR 1.4, 95% CI 0.4–4.4). Conclusion We confirmed our previous observation that high cyclin D1 expression is associated to high proliferation and a threefold higher risk of death from breast cancer in ER-positive breast cancer.
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Sonbul SN, Gorringe KL, Aleskandarany MA, Mukherjee A, Green AR, Ellis IO, Rakha EA. Chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 7 (CCR7) associates with the tumour immune microenvironment but not progression in invasive breast carcinoma. JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY CLINICAL RESEARCH 2017; 3:105-114. [PMID: 28451459 PMCID: PMC5402178 DOI: 10.1002/cjp2.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Some previous studies have reported that the chemokine (C‐C motif) receptor 7 (CCR7) plays a role in breast cancer, is associated with lymph node metastasis and drives the site of distant metastasis. However, the impact of its expression on patient outcome and its association with tumour infiltrating inflammatory cells remain to be validated. We evaluated CCR7 protein expression by immunohistochemistry in a large well characterized cohort (n = 866) of early invasive primary breast cancers. CCR7 was expressed in the cytoplasm and membrane of tumour cells. We observed a weak positive association of high CCR7 expression when in either cellular component, but not both together, with axillary lymph node stage 3 tumours (p = 0.043). Logistic regression analysis of lymph node stage revealed no independent predictive value for CCR7 expression. CCR7 expression was higher in HER2 positive tumours (p = 0.03) and associated with positive CD68+ FOXP3+ tumour infiltrating cells. CCR7 staining was negatively associated with CD3+ cells. There was no significant association of CCR7 expression with breast cancer recurrence or survival. We conclude that while CCR7 is not a useful biomarker for predicting lymph node metastasis, it may reflect altered intra‐ and inter‐cellular signalling related to the immune microenvironment. The subcellular localization of CCR7 appears to affect the nature of these interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultan N Sonbul
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of MedicineThe University of Nottingham, and Nottingham City Hospital, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS TrustNottinghamUK.,Biochemistry Department, Faculty of SciencesKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahKingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Kylie L Gorringe
- Cancer Genomics Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, and The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of OncologyUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleAustralia
| | - Mohammed A Aleskandarany
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of MedicineThe University of Nottingham, and Nottingham City Hospital, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS TrustNottinghamUK
| | - Abhik Mukherjee
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of MedicineThe University of Nottingham, and Nottingham City Hospital, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS TrustNottinghamUK
| | - Andrew R Green
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of MedicineThe University of Nottingham, and Nottingham City Hospital, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS TrustNottinghamUK
| | - Ian O Ellis
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of MedicineThe University of Nottingham, and Nottingham City Hospital, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS TrustNottinghamUK
| | - Emad A Rakha
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of MedicineThe University of Nottingham, and Nottingham City Hospital, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS TrustNottinghamUK
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Weitzenfeld P, Kossover O, Körner C, Meshel T, Wiemann S, Seliktar D, Legler DF, Ben-Baruch A. Chemokine axes in breast cancer: factors of the tumor microenvironment reshape the CCR7-driven metastatic spread of luminal-A breast tumors. J Leukoc Biol 2016; 99:1009-25. [PMID: 26936935 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.3ma0815-373r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokine axes have been shown to mediate site-specific metastasis in breast cancer, but their relevance to different subtypes has been hardly addressed. Here, with the focus on the CCR7-CCL21 axis, patient datasets demonstrated that luminal-A tumors express relatively low CCR7 levels compared with more aggressive disease subtypes. Furthermore, lymph node metastasis was not associated with high CCR7 levels in luminal-A patients. The metastatic pattern of luminal-A breast tumors may be influenced by the way luminal-A tumor cells interpret signals provided by factors of the primary tumor microenvironment. Thus, CCR7-expressing human luminal-A cells were stimulated simultaneously by factors representing 3 tumor microenvironment arms typical of luminal-A tumors, hormonal, inflammatory, and growth stimulating: estrogen + TNF-α + epidermal growth factor. Such tumor microenvironment stimulation down-regulated the migration of CCR7-expressing tumor cells toward CCL21 and inhibited the formation of directional protrusions toward CCL21 in a novel 3-dimensional hydrogel system. CCL21-induced migration of CCR7-expressing tumor cells depended on PI3K and MAPK activation; however, when CCR7-expressing cancer cells were prestimulated by tumor microenvironment factors, CCL21 could not effectively activate these signaling pathways. In vivo, pre-exposure of the tumor cells to tumor microenvironment factors has put restraints on CCL21-mediated lymph node-homing cues and shifted the metastatic pattern of CCR7-expressing cells to the aggressive phenotype of dissemination to bones. Several of the aspects were also studied in the CXCR4-CXCL12 system, demonstrating similar patient and in vitro findings. Thus, we provide novel evidence to subtype-specific regulation of the CCR7-CCL21 axis, with more general implications to chemokine-dependent patterns of metastatic spread, revealing differential regulation in the luminal-A subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polina Weitzenfeld
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Olga Kossover
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Cindy Körner
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; and
| | - Tsipi Meshel
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Stefan Wiemann
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; and
| | - Dror Seliktar
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Daniel F Legler
- Biotechnology Institute Thurgau at the University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Adit Ben-Baruch
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel;
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10
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Wendt MK, Williams WK, Pascuzzi PE, Balanis NG, Schiemann BJ, Carlin CR, Schiemann WP. The antitumorigenic function of EGFR in metastatic breast cancer is regulated by expression of Mig6. Neoplasia 2015; 17:124-33. [PMID: 25622905 PMCID: PMC4309683 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2014.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Revised: 11/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies by our lab and others demonstrate that epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) plays critical roles in primary breast cancer (BC) initiation, growth and dissemination. However, clinical trials targeting EGFR function in BC have lead to disappointing results. In the current study we sought to identify the mechanisms responsible for this disparity by investigating the function of EGFR across the continuum of the metastatic cascade. We previously established that overexpression of EGFR is sufficient for formation of in situ primary tumors by otherwise nontransformed murine mammary gland cells. Induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is sufficient to drive the metastasis of these EGFR-transformed tumors. Examining growth factor receptor expression across this and other models revealed a potent downregulation of EGFR through metastatic progression. Consistent with diminution of EGFR following EMT and metastasis EGF stimulation changes from a proliferative to an apoptotic response in in situ versus metastatic tumor cells, respectively. Furthermore, overexpression of EGFR in metastatic MDA-MB-231 BC cells promoted their antitumorigenic response to EGF in three dimensional (3D) metastatic outgrowth assays. In line with the paradoxical function of EGFR through EMT and metastasis we demonstrate that the EGFR inhibitory molecule, Mitogen Induced Gene-6 (Mig6), is tumor suppressive in in situ tumor cells. However, Mig6 expression is absolutely required for prevention of apoptosis and ultimate metastasis of MDA-MB-231 cells. Further understanding of the paradoxical function of EGFR between primary and metastatic tumors will be essential for application of its targeted molecular therapies in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael K Wendt
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907.
| | - Whitney K Williams
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Pete E Pascuzzi
- Purdue University Libraries, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Nikolas G Balanis
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Barbara J Schiemann
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Cathleen R Carlin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - William P Schiemann
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106
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Guo X, Connick MC, Vanderhoof J, Ishak MA, Hartley RS. MicroRNA-16 modulates HuR regulation of cyclin E1 in breast cancer cells. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:7112-32. [PMID: 25830480 PMCID: PMC4425007 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16047112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Revised: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA binding protein (RBPs) and microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression that are implicated in development of cancers. Although their individual roles have been studied, the crosstalk between RBPs and miRNAs is under intense investigation. Here, we show that in breast cancer cells, cyclin E1 upregulation by the RBP HuR is through specific binding to regions in the cyclin E1 mRNA 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) containing U-rich elements. Similarly, miR-16 represses cyclin E1, dependent on its cognate binding sites in the cyclin E1 3'UTR. Evidence in the literature indicates that HuR can regulate miRNA expression and recruit or dissociate RNA-induced silencing complexes (RISC). Despite this, miR-16 and HuR do not affect the other’s expression level or binding to the cyclin E1 3'UTR. While HuR overexpression partially blocks miR-16 repression of a reporter mRNA containing the cyclin E1 3'UTR, it does not block miR-16 repression of endogenous cyclin E1 mRNA. In contrast, miR-16 blocks HuR-mediated upregulation of cyclin E1. Overall our results suggest that miR-16 can override HuR upregulation of cyclin E1 without affecting HuR expression or association with the cyclin E1 mRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Guo
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
| | - Melanie C Connick
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
| | - Jennifer Vanderhoof
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
| | - Mohammad-Ali Ishak
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
| | - Rebecca S Hartley
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
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Wynant W, Abrahamowicz M. Impact of the model-building strategy on inference about nonlinear and time-dependent covariate effects in survival analysis. Stat Med 2014; 33:3318-37. [DOI: 10.1002/sim.6178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Revised: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Willy Wynant
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health; McGill University; Montreal, Quebec Canada
| | - Michal Abrahamowicz
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health; McGill University; Montreal, Quebec Canada
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology; Royal Victoria Hospital; Montreal, Quebec Canada
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13
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The impact of cyclin D1 overexpression on the prognosis of ER-positive breast cancers: a meta-analysis. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2013; 139:329-39. [DOI: 10.1007/s10549-013-2563-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Accepted: 05/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Vaccination for the prevention and treatment of breast cancer with special focus on Her-2/neu peptide vaccines. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2013; 138:1-12. [PMID: 23340862 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-013-2410-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2012] [Accepted: 01/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Immunologic interventions in a subset of breast cancer patients represent a well-established therapeutic approach reflecting individualized treatment modalities. Thus, the therapeutic administration of monoclonal antibodies targeting tumor-associated antigens (TAA), such as Her-2/neu, represents a milestone in cancer treatment. However, passive antibody administration suffers from several drawbacks, including frequency and long duration of treatment. These undesirables may be avoidable in an approach based on generating active immune responses against these same targets. Only recently has the significance of tumors in relation to their microenvironments been understood as essential for creating an effective cancer vaccine. In particular, the immune system plays an important role in suppressing or promoting tumor formation and growth. Therefore, activation of appropriate triggers (such as induction of Th1 cells, CD8+ T cells, and suppression of regulatory cells in combination with generation of antibodies with anti-tumor activity) is a desirable goal. Current vaccination approaches have concentrated on therapeutic vaccines using certain TAA. Many cancer antigens, including breast cancer antigens, have been described and also given priority ranking for use as vaccine antigens by the US National Cancer Institute. One of the TAA antigens which has been thoroughly examined in numerous trials is Her-2/neu. This review will discuss delivery systems for this antigen with special focus on T and B cell peptide vaccines. Attention will be given to their advantages and limitations, as well as the use of certain adjuvants to improve anti-cancer responses.
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15
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Poulos M, Felekis T, Evangelou A. Is it possible to extract a fingerprint for early breast cancer via EEG analysis? Med Hypotheses 2012; 78:711-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2012.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2011] [Revised: 01/24/2012] [Accepted: 02/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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16
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Natrajan R, Mackay A, Wilkerson PM, Lambros MB, Wetterskog D, Arnedos M, Shiu KK, Geyer FC, Langerød A, Kreike B, Reyal F, Horlings HM, van de Vijver MJ, Palacios J, Weigelt B, Reis-Filho JS. Functional characterization of the 19q12 amplicon in grade III breast cancers. Breast Cancer Res 2012; 14:R53. [PMID: 22433433 PMCID: PMC3446387 DOI: 10.1186/bcr3154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2011] [Revised: 03/04/2012] [Accepted: 03/20/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The 19q12 locus is amplified in a subgroup of oestrogen receptor (ER)-negative grade III breast cancers. This amplicon comprises nine genes, including cyclin E1 (CCNE1), which has been proposed as its 'driver'. The aim of this study was to identify the genes within the 19q12 amplicon whose expression is required for the survival of cancer cells harbouring their amplification. METHODS We investigated the presence of 19q12 amplification in a series of 313 frozen primary breast cancers and 56 breast cancer cell lines using microarray comparative genomic hybridisation (aCGH). The nine genes mapping to the smallest region of amplification on 19q12 were silenced using RNA interference in phenotypically matched breast cancer cell lines with (MDA-MB-157 and HCC1569) and without (Hs578T, MCF7, MDA-MB-231, ZR75.1, JIMT1 and BT474) amplification of this locus. Genes whose silencing was selectively lethal in amplified cells were taken forward for further validation. The effects of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) silencing and chemical inhibition were tested in cancer cells with and without CCNE1 amplification. RESULTS 19q12 amplification was identified in 7.8% of ER-negative grade III breast cancer. Of the nine genes mapping to this amplicon, UQCRFS1, POP4, PLEKHF1, C19ORF12, CCNE1 and C19ORF2 were significantly over-expressed when amplified in primary breast cancers and/or breast cancer cell lines. Silencing of POP4, PLEKHF1, CCNE1 and TSZH3 selectively reduced cell viability in cancer cells harbouring their amplification. Cancer cells with CCNE1 amplification were shown to be dependent on CDK2 expression and kinase activity for their survival. CONCLUSIONS The 19q12 amplicon may harbour more than a single 'driver', given that expression of POP4, PLEKHF1, CCNE1 and TSZH3 is required for the survival of cancer cells displaying their amplification. The observation that cancer cells harbouring CCNE1 gene amplification are sensitive to CDK2 inhibitors provides a rationale for the testing of these chemical inhibitors in a subgroup of patients with ER-negative grade III breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael Natrajan
- The Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Alan Mackay
- The Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Paul M Wilkerson
- The Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Maryou B Lambros
- The Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Daniel Wetterskog
- The Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Monica Arnedos
- The Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Kai-Keen Shiu
- The Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Felipe C Geyer
- The Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Anita Langerød
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Ullernchausèen 70, Montebello, Oslo, 0310, Norway
| | - Bas Kreike
- Institute for Radiation Oncology Arnhem, Wagnerlaan 47, Arnhem 6815 AD, The Netherlands
| | - Fabien Reyal
- Department of Surgery, Institut Curie, 26 rue d'Ulm, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Hugo M Horlings
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Marc J van de Vijver
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Jose Palacios
- Servicio de Anatomia Patologica, HHUU Virgen del Rocío, Avda. Manuel Siurot, s/n, Seville, 41013, Spain
| | - Britta Weigelt
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3LY, UK
| | - Jorge S Reis-Filho
- The Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JB, UK
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Abstract
Experimental and clinical data support a growth inhibitory role for HER4 in breast cancer. Clinically HER4 expression is extinguished during breast tumorigenesis supporting a tumor suppressor function for HER4, however, a molecular mechanism to explain the selective loss of HER4 expression has remained elusive. Epigenetic mechanisms, for example, aberrant gene promoter hypermethylation, have been shown to ablate tumor suppressor gene expression in breast carcinomas. We identified a CpG island within the HER4 promoter and show by pyrosequencing of bisulfite-treated DNA an inverse correlation between HER4 expression and the extent of promoter methylation. Treatment of the HER4-negative BT20 cell line with the DNA demethylating agent 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (DAC)-enhanced HER4 expression, confirming a role for DNA methylation in suppressed HER4 expression. DAC treatment to reactive HER4 expression in combination with the HER4 ligand heregulin-β1 (HRG) resulted in apoptosis of BT20 cells providing a novel therapeutic strategy for triple-negative tumors. The BT20 cells were rescued from apoptosis when preincubated with HER4 small interfering RNA, thereby confirming a role for HER4 in DAC/HRG-induced apoptosis. We verified HER4 promoter methylation in primary breast carcinomas and detected a significant increase in HER4 promoter methylation in HER4-negative breast tumors (P<0.001). Furthermore, increased levels of HER4 promoter methylation were significantly associated with worse patient prognosis (P=0.0234). Taken together, our data support a tumor suppressor function for HER4, which is epigenetically suppressed in breast tumors through promoter hypermethylation.
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Abstract
Innate and adaptive immune system cells play a major role in regulating the growth of cancer. Although it is commonly thought that an immune response localized to the tumor will inhibit cancer growth, it is clear that some types of inflammation induced in a tumor may also lead to cancer proliferation, invasion, and dissemination. Recent evidence suggests, however, that some patients with cancer can mount an antitumor immune response that has the potential to control or eliminate cancer. Indeed, a so-called "immune response" signature has been described in malignancy that is associated with improved outcomes in several tumor types. Moreover, the presence of specific subsets of T cells, which have the capability to penetrate tumor stroma and infiltrate deep into the parenchyma, identifies patients with an improved prognosis. Immune-based therapies have the potential to modulate the tumor microenvironment by eliciting immune system cells that will initiate acute inflammation that leads to tissue destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary L Disis
- Center for Translational Medicine in Women's Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
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Caldon CE, Musgrove EA. Distinct and redundant functions of cyclin E1 and cyclin E2 in development and cancer. Cell Div 2010; 5:2. [PMID: 20180967 PMCID: PMC2835679 DOI: 10.1186/1747-1028-5-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2009] [Accepted: 01/17/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The highly conserved E-type cyclins are core components of the cell cycle machinery, facilitating the transition into S phase through activation of the cyclin dependent kinases, and assembly of pre-replication complexes on DNA. Cyclin E1 and cyclin E2 are assumed to be functionally redundant, as cyclin E1-/- E2-/- mice are embryonic lethal while cyclin E1-/- and E2-/- single knockout mice have primarily normal phenotypes. However more detailed studies of the functions and regulation of the E-cyclins have unveiled potential additional roles for these proteins, such as in endoreplication and meiosis, which are more closely associated with either cyclin E1 or cyclin E2. Moreover, expression of each E-cyclin can be independently regulated by distinct transcription factors and microRNAs, allowing for context-specific expression. Furthermore, cyclins E1 and E2 are frequently expressed independently of one another in human cancer, with unique associations to signatures of poor prognosis. These data imply an absence of co-regulation of cyclins E1 and E2 during tumorigenesis and possibly different contributions to cancer progression. This is supported by in vitro data identifying divergent regulation of the two genes, as well as potentially different roles in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Elizabeth Caldon
- Cancer Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia.
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