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Ji X, Williams KP, Zheng W. Applying a Gene Reversal Rate Computational Methodology to Identify Drugs for a Rare Cancer: Inflammatory Breast Cancer. Cancer Inform 2023; 22:11769351231202588. [PMID: 37846218 PMCID: PMC10576937 DOI: 10.1177/11769351231202588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to utilize a computational methodology based on Gene Reversal Rate (GRR) scoring to repurpose existing drugs for a rare and understudied cancer: inflammatory breast cancer (IBC). This method uses IBC-related gene expression signatures (GES) and drug-induced gene expression profiles from the LINCS database to calculate a GRR score for each candidate drug, and is based on the idea that a compound that can counteract gene expression changes of a disease may have potential therapeutic applications for that disease. Genes related to IBC with associated differential expression data (265 up-regulated and 122 down-regulated) were collated from PubMed-indexed publications. Drug-induced gene expression profiles were downloaded from the LINCS database and candidate drugs to treat IBC were predicted using their GRR scores. Thirty-two (32) drug perturbations that could potentially reverse the pre-compiled list of 297 IBC genes were obtained using the LINCS Canvas Browser (LCB) analysis. Binary combinations of the 32 perturbations were assessed computationally to identify combined perturbations with the highest GRR scores, and resulted in 131 combinations with GRR greater than 80%, that reverse up to 264 of the 297 genes in the IBC-GES. The top 35 combinations involve 20 unique individual drug perturbations, and 19 potential drug candidates. A comprehensive literature search confirmed 17 of the 19 known drugs as having either anti-cancer or anti-inflammatory activities. AZD-7545, BMS-754807, and nimesulide target known IBC relevant genes: PDK, Met, and COX, respectively. AG-14361, butalbital, and clobenpropit are known to be functionally relevant in DNA damage, cell cycle, and apoptosis, respectively. These findings support the use of the GRR approach to identify drug candidates and potential combination therapies that could be used to treat rare diseases such as IBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojia Ji
- BRITE Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health and Sciences, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Kevin P Williams
- BRITE Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health and Sciences, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Weifan Zheng
- BRITE Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health and Sciences, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, USA
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2
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Jang JY, Kim D, Kim ND. Recent Developments in Combination Chemotherapy for Colorectal and Breast Cancers with Topoisomerase Inhibitors. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098457. [PMID: 37176164 PMCID: PMC10178955 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA topoisomerases are important enzymes that stabilize DNA supercoiling and resolve entanglements. There are two main types of topoisomerases in all cells: type I, which causes single-stranded DNA breaks, and type II, which cuts double-stranded DNA. Topoisomerase activity is particularly increased in rapidly dividing cells, such as cancer cells. Topoisomerase inhibitors have been an effective chemotherapeutic option for the treatment of several cancers. In addition, combination cancer therapy with topoisomerase inhibitors may increase therapeutic efficacy and decrease resistance or side effects. Topoisomerase inhibitors are currently being used worldwide, including in the United States, and clinical trials on the combination of topoisomerase inhibitors with other drugs are currently underway. The primary objective of this review was to comprehensively analyze the current clinical landscape concerning the combined application of irinotecan, an extensively investigated type I topoisomerase inhibitor for colorectal cancer, and doxorubicin, an extensively researched type II topoisomerase inhibitor for breast cancer, while presenting a novel approach for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Yoon Jang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghwan Kim
- Functional Food Materials Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Deuk Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
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3
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Kobayashi E, Kondo S, Dochi H, Moriyama-Kita M, Hirai N, Komori T, Ueno T, Nakanishi Y, Hatano M, Endo K, Sugimoto H, Wakisaka N, Yoshizaki T. Protein Farnesylation on Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Molecular Background and Its Potential as a Therapeutic Target. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14122826. [PMID: 35740492 PMCID: PMC9220992 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14122826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is distinguished from other head and neck carcinomas by the association of its carcinogenesis with the Epstein–Barr virus. It is highly metastatic, and a novel therapeutic modality for metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma is keenly awaited. Protein farnesylation is a C-terminal lipid modification of proteins and was initially investigated as a key process in activating the RAS oncoprotein through its association with the cellular membrane structure. Since then, more and more evidence has accumulated to indicate that proteins other than RAS are also farnesylated and have significant roles in carcinogenesis. This review delineates molecular pathogenesis through protein farnesylation in the context of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and discusses the potential of farnesylation as a therapeutic target. Abstract Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is one of the Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-associated malignancies. NPC is highly metastatic compared to other head and neck carcinomas, and evidence has shown that the metastatic features of NPC are involved in EBV infection. The prognosis of advanced cases, especially those with distant metastasis, is still poor despite advancements in molecular research and its application to clinical settings. Thus, further advancement in basic and clinical research that may lead to novel therapeutic modalities is needed. Farnesylation is a lipid modification in the C-terminus of proteins. It enables proteins to attach to the lipid bilayer structure of cellular membranes. Farnesylation was initially identified as a key process of membrane association and activation of the RAS oncoprotein. Farnesylation is thus expected to be an ideal therapeutic target in anti-RAS therapy. Additionally, more and more molecular evidence has been reported, showing that proteins other than RAS are also farnesylated and have significant roles in cancer progression. However, although several clinical trials have been conducted in cancers with high rates of ras gene mutation, such as pancreatic carcinomas, the results were less favorable than anticipated. In contrast, favorable outcomes were reported in the results of a phase II trial on head and neck carcinoma. In this review, we provide an overview of the molecular pathogenesis of NPC in terms of the process of farnesylation and discuss the potential of anti-farnesylation therapy in the treatment of NPC.
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Hosseini R, Asef-Kabiri L, Yousefi H, Sarvnaz H, Salehi M, Akbari ME, Eskandari N. The roles of tumor-derived exosomes in altered differentiation, maturation and function of dendritic cells. Mol Cancer 2021; 20:83. [PMID: 34078376 PMCID: PMC8170799 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-021-01376-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-derived exosomes (TDEs) have been shown to impede anti-tumor immune responses via their immunosuppressive cargo. Since dendritic cells (DCs) are the key mediators of priming and maintenance of T cell-mediated responses; thus it is logical that the exosomes released by tumor cells can exert a dominant influence on DCs biology. This paper intends to provide a mechanistic insight into the TDEs-mediated DCs abnormalities in the tumor context. More importantly, we discuss extensively how tumor exosomes induce subversion of DCs differentiation, maturation and function in separate sections. We also briefly describe the importance of TDEs at therapeutic level to help guide future treatment options, in particular DC-based vaccination strategy, and review advances in the design and discovery of exosome inhibitors. Understanding the exosomal content and the pathways by which TDEs are responsible for immune evasion may help to revise treatment rationales and devise novel therapeutic approaches to overcome the hurdles in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Hosseini
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Leila Asef-Kabiri
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Yousefi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, LSUHSC School of Medicine, New Orleans, USA
| | - Hamzeh Sarvnaz
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Salehi
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | | | - Nahid Eskandari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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Chainitikun S, Espinosa Fernandez JR, Long JP, Iwase T, Kida K, Wang X, Saleem S, Lim B, Valero V, Ueno NT. Pathological complete response of adding targeted therapy to neoadjuvant chemotherapy for inflammatory breast cancer: A systematic review. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0250057. [PMID: 33861773 PMCID: PMC8051801 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The current use of targeted therapy plus neoadjuvant chemotherapy for inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is based on data extrapolated from studies in non-IBC. We conducted a systematic review to determine whether neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus targeted therapy results in a higher pathologic complete response (pCR) rate than neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone in patients with IBC. Method and findings This systematic review was registered in the PROSPERO register with registration number CRD42018089465. We searched MEDLINE & PubMed, EMBASE, and EBSCO from December 1998 through July 2020. All English-language clinical studies, both randomized and non-randomized, that evaluated neoadjuvant systemic treatment with or without targeted therapy before definitive surgery and reported the pCR results of IBC patients. First reviewer extracted data and assessed the risk of bias using the Risk of Bias In Non-randomized Studies of Interventions tool. Second reviewer confirmed the accuracy. Studies were divided into 3 groups according to systemic treatment: chemotherapy with targeted therapy, chemotherapy alone, and high-dose chemotherapy with hematopoietic stem cell support (HSCS). Of 995 screened studies, 23 with 1,269 IBC patients met the inclusion criteria. For each of the 3 groups of studies, we computed a weighted average of the pCR rates across all studies with confidence interval (CI). The weighted averages (95% CIs) were as follows: chemotherapy with targeted therapy, 31.6% (26.4%-37.3%), chemotherapy alone, 13.0% (10.3%-16.2%), and high-dose chemotherapy with HSCS, 23.0% (18.7%-27.7%). The high pCR by targeted therapy group came from anti-HER2 therapy, 54.4% (44.3%-64.0%). Key limitations of this study included no randomized clinical studies that included only IBC patients. Conclusion Neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus targeted therapy is more effective than neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone for IBC patients. These findings support current IBC standard practice in particular the use of anti-HER2 targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudpreeda Chainitikun
- Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic and Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Jose Rodrigo Espinosa Fernandez
- Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic and Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - James P. Long
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Toshiaki Iwase
- Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic and Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Kumiko Kida
- Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic and Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Xiaoping Wang
- Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic and Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Sadia Saleem
- Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic and Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Bora Lim
- Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic and Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Vicente Valero
- Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic and Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Naoto T. Ueno
- Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic and Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Egawa N, Tanaka T, Matsufuji S, Yamada K, Ito K, Kitagawa H, Okuyama K, Kitajima Y, Noshiro H. Antitumor effects of low-dose tipifarnib on the mTOR signaling pathway and reactive oxygen species production in HIF-1α-expressing gastric cancer cells. FEBS Open Bio 2021; 11:1465-1475. [PMID: 33773069 PMCID: PMC8091580 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Farnesyltransferase inhibitors (FTIs) suppress tumor aggressiveness in several malignancies by inhibiting Ras signaling. However, treatment of cells with a low dose of the FTI tipifarnib suppresses the expression of hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α (HIF‐1α) and results in antitumor effects without inhibiting the Ras pathway. Although we previously reported that elevated HIF‐1α expression is associated with an aggressive phenotype in gastric cancer (GC), little is known about the antitumor effects of FTIs on GC. In this study, we examined the relationship between the antitumor effects of low‐dose tipifarnib and HIF‐1α expression in GC cells. Under normoxic conditions, HIF‐1α was expressed only in MKN45 and KATOIII cells. The inhibitory effect of tipifarnib on HIF‐1α was observed in HIF‐1α‐positive cells. Low‐dose tipifarnib had antitumor effects only on HIF‐1α‐positive cells both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, low‐dose tipifarnib inactivated ras homolog enriched in brain (Rheb)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling and decreased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in HIF‐1α‐positive GC cells. Our results that the antitumor effects of low‐dose tipifarnib are at least partially mediated through suppression of mTOR signaling and HIF‐1α expression via inhibition of Rheb farnesylation and reduction in ROS levels. These findings suggest that low‐dose tipifarnib may be capable of exerting an antitumor effect that is dependent on HIF‐1α expression in GC cells. Tipifarnib may have potential as a novel therapeutic agent for HIF‐1α‐expressing GC exhibiting an aggressive phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriyuki Egawa
- Department of Surgery, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Tanaka
- Department of Surgery, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Japan
| | - Shohei Matsufuji
- Department of Surgery, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Japan
| | - Kohei Yamada
- Department of Surgery, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Japan
| | - Kotaro Ito
- Department of Surgery, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kitagawa
- Department of Surgery, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Japan
| | | | - Yoshihiko Kitajima
- Department of Surgery, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Japan.,Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Higashisaga Hospital, Saga, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Noshiro
- Department of Surgery, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Japan
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Targeting Signaling Pathways in Inflammatory Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12092479. [PMID: 32883032 PMCID: PMC7563157 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC), although rare, is the most aggressive type of breast cancer. Only 2-4% of breast cancer cases are classified as IBC, but-owing to its high rate of metastasis and poor prognosis-8% to 10% of breast cancer-related mortality occur in patients with IBC. Currently, IBC-specific targeted therapies are not available, and there is a critical need for novel therapies derived via understanding novel targets. In this review, we summarize the biological functions of critical signaling pathways in the progression of IBC and the preclinical and clinical studies of targeting these pathways in IBC. We also discuss studies of crosstalk between several signaling pathways and the IBC tumor microenvironment.
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Soleimani A, Amirinejad M, Rahsepar S, Vazirian F, Bahrami A, Ferns GA, Khazaei M, Avan A, Hassanian SM. Therapeutic potential of RAS prenylation pharmacological inhibitors in the treatment of breast cancer, recent progress, and prospective. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:6860-6867. [PMID: 30378159 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies among women around the world. RAS proteins require posttranslational modifications, including protein prenylation for proper membrane localization and signaling. Regulation of RAS signaling via specific and novel pharmacological inhibitors is a potentially novel therapeutic approach in breast cancer therapy. This review summarizes the recent knowledge about the clinical value of RAS prenylation pharmacological inhibitors in breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atena Soleimani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mostafa Amirinejad
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Student Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sara Rahsepar
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Vazirian
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Afsane Bahrami
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Division of Medical Education, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK
| | - Majid Khazaei
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Avan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahdi Hassanian
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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9
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Inflammatory Breast Cancer. Breast Cancer 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-96947-3_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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10
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C-Terminal Farnesylation of UCH-L1 Plays a Role in Transport of Epstein-Barr Virus Primary Oncoprotein LMP1 to Exosomes. mSphere 2018; 3:mSphere00030-18. [PMID: 29435490 PMCID: PMC5806207 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00030-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are small vesicles that cells secrete into the extracellular space, and there is increasing evidence that they have pivotal roles in cell-to-cell communication in malignancy. It is reported also that EBV-associated malignant cells, including those derived from nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and B-cell lymphoma, secrete exosomes. These EBV-related exosomes may contain viral products such as latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) and may contribute to cancer progression. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism by which those viral products are loaded in exosomes. In this study, we show for the first time that ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 (UCH-L1) and its C-terminal farnesylation, a posttranslational lipid modification, contribute to this mechanism. Our results also suggest that inhibition of UCH-L1 farnesylation is a potential therapeutic target against cancer metastasis and invasion. Increasing evidence shows that exosomes are key regulators in cancer cell-to-cell communication. Several reports on Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-related malignancies demonstrate that latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) secreted by exosomes derived from EBV- or LMP1-positive cells can promote cancer progression and metastasis. However, the mechanism by which LMP1 is loaded into exosomes is still poorly understood. Here, we examined whether the process of LMP1 loading into exosomes is linked to the multifunctional molecule of the ubiquitin system—ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 (UCH-L1). For the first time, we demonstrate that LMP1 is physically associated with UCH-L1 and that directing of LMP1 to exosomes is mediated by C-terminal farnesylation of UCH-L1. Additionally, we found that the FTI-277 farnesyltransferase inhibitor reduces motility- and anchorage-independent growth of EBV-positive cells in functional assays. On the basis of our results, we conclude that C-terminal farnesylation of UCH-L1 is one of the key mechanisms by which LMP1 is sorted to exosomes. We hypothesize that inhibition of farnesylation with specific small-molecule inhibitors blocks exosome-mediated transfer of prometastatic molecules such as LMP1 during cancer cell-to-cell communications and thereby impedes the process of cancer invasion. IMPORTANCE Exosomes are small vesicles that cells secrete into the extracellular space, and there is increasing evidence that they have pivotal roles in cell-to-cell communication in malignancy. It is reported also that EBV-associated malignant cells, including those derived from nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and B-cell lymphoma, secrete exosomes. These EBV-related exosomes may contain viral products such as latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) and may contribute to cancer progression. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism by which those viral products are loaded in exosomes. In this study, we show for the first time that ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 (UCH-L1) and its C-terminal farnesylation, a posttranslational lipid modification, contribute to this mechanism. Our results also suggest that inhibition of UCH-L1 farnesylation is a potential therapeutic target against cancer metastasis and invasion.
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11
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Yam C, Murthy RK, Valero V, Szklaruk J, Shroff GS, Stalzer CJ, Buzdar AU, Murray JL, Yang W, Hortobagyi GN, Moulder SL, Arun B. A phase II study of tipifarnib and gemcitabine in metastatic breast cancer. Invest New Drugs 2018; 36:299-306. [PMID: 29374384 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-018-0564-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Tipifarnib is an orally active, competitive inhibitor of farnesyltransferase which has shown encouraging signs of activity either alone or when combined with other agents. Clinical studies of tipifarnib in combination with anti-estrogen therapy have yielded disappointing results. In contrast, tipifarnib appears to be synergistic in combination with anthracycline based chemotherapy. Here we report the results of the first prospective phase II trial evaluating the efficacy of the novel combination of tipifarnib and gemcitabine in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. Patients and Methods 30 postmenopausal women with metastatic breast cancer were treated on a 21-day cycle with tipifarnib 300 mg PO twice daily from days 1 through 14. Gemcitabine was administered intravenously at a dose of 1000 mg/m2 on days 1 and 8. Patients were treated until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Results There was one complete response and four partial responses yielding an objective response rate of 16.7%. Median progression-free survival and overall survival was 2.5 months (95% confidence interval: 1.6-5.7 months) and 13.1 months (95% confidence interval: 9.1-20.6 months), respectively. 40% of patients experienced grade 4 neutropenia in this study. Conclusion The combination of tipifarnib and gemcitabine is not well tolerated with high rates of myelosuppression and is not more effective than gemcitabine monotherapy in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clinton Yam
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Dan L. Duncan Building, CPB5.3542, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Unit 1354, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Rashmi K Murthy
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Dan L. Duncan Building, CPB5.3542, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Unit 1354, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Vicente Valero
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Dan L. Duncan Building, CPB5.3542, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Unit 1354, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Janio Szklaruk
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Girish S Shroff
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Carol J Stalzer
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Dan L. Duncan Building, CPB5.3542, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Unit 1354, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Aman U Buzdar
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Dan L. Duncan Building, CPB5.3542, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Unit 1354, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - James L Murray
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Dan L. Duncan Building, CPB5.3542, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Unit 1354, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gabriel N Hortobagyi
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Dan L. Duncan Building, CPB5.3542, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Unit 1354, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Stacy L Moulder
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Dan L. Duncan Building, CPB5.3542, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Unit 1354, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Banu Arun
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Dan L. Duncan Building, CPB5.3542, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Unit 1354, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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12
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Costa R, Santa-Maria CA, Rossi G, Carneiro BA, Chae YK, Gradishar WJ, Giles FJ, Cristofanilli M. Developmental therapeutics for inflammatory breast cancer: Biology and translational directions. Oncotarget 2017; 8:12417-12432. [PMID: 27926493 PMCID: PMC5355355 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is a rare and aggressive form of breast cancer, which accounts for approximately 3% of cases of breast malignancies. Diagnosis relies largely on its clinical presentation, and despite a characteristic phenotype, underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. Unique clinical presentation indicates that IBC is a distinct clinical and biological entity when compared to non-IBC. Biological understanding of non-IBC has been extrapolated into IBC and targeted therapies for HER2 positive (HER2+) and hormonal receptor positive non-IBC led to improved patient outcomes in the recent years. This manuscript reviews recent discoveries related to the underlying biology of IBC, clinical progress to date and suggests rational approaches for investigational therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Costa
- Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, United States of America
| | - Cesar A Santa-Maria
- Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, United States of America.,Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, United States of America
| | - Giovanna Rossi
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, United States of America
| | - Benedito A Carneiro
- Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, United States of America.,Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, United States of America
| | - Young Kwang Chae
- Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, United States of America.,Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, United States of America
| | - William J Gradishar
- Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, United States of America.,Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, United States of America
| | - Francis J Giles
- Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, United States of America.,Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, United States of America
| | - Massimo Cristofanilli
- Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, United States of America.,Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, United States of America
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13
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Gonçalves A, Monneur A, Viens P, Bertucci F. The use of systemic therapies to prevent progression of inflammatory breast cancer: which targeted therapies to add on cytotoxic combinations? Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2017; 17:593-606. [PMID: 28506194 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2017.1330655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inflammatory breast cancer is a rare but frequently fatal disease, essentially because of its high ability to develop distant metastases. Even though the prognosis of IBC was significantly improved by multimodal management, including the systematic use of cytotoxic-based induction, the prognosis remains largely dismal. Areas covered: This review presents the main achievements in the systemic treatment of IBC during the past 30 years. It focuses more specifically on recent results obtained with targeted therapies, including anti-HER2 and anti-angiogenic agents. Novel approaches under investigation are presented. Expert commentary: Current management of IBC is subtype-specific and the largest benefit has been achieved in HER2-positive disease. The identification of breakthrough therapeutic advances is eagerly awaited and will require the development of IBC-specific clinical trials. Future clinical investigations should not only aim to increase the pathological response rate but also to eradicate distant metastases, which ultimately lead to patient death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Gonçalves
- a Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix Marseille Univ , CNRS U7258, INSERM U1068, CRCM , Marseille , France
| | - Audrey Monneur
- a Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix Marseille Univ , CNRS U7258, INSERM U1068, CRCM , Marseille , France
| | - Patrice Viens
- a Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix Marseille Univ , CNRS U7258, INSERM U1068, CRCM , Marseille , France
| | - François Bertucci
- a Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix Marseille Univ , CNRS U7258, INSERM U1068, CRCM , Marseille , France
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14
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Tanaka T, Ikegami Y, Nakazawa H, Kuriyama N, Oki M, Hanai JI, Sukhatme VP, Kaneki M. Low-Dose Farnesyltransferase Inhibitor Suppresses HIF-1α and Snail Expression in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer MDA-MB-231 Cells In Vitro. J Cell Physiol 2016; 232:192-201. [PMID: 27137755 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The aggressiveness of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), which lacks estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), represents a major challenge in breast cancer. Migratory and self-renewal capabilities are integral components of invasion, metastasis and recurrence of TNBC. Elevated hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) expression is associated with aggressiveness of cancer. Nonetheless, how HIF-1α expression is regulated and how HIF-1α induces aggressive phenotype are not completely understood in TNBC. The cytotoxic effects of farnesyltransferase (FTase) inhibitors (FTIs) have been studied in cancer and leukemia cells. In contrast, the effect of FTIs on HIF-1α expression has not yet been studied. Here, we show that clinically relevant low-dose FTI, tipifarnib (300 nM), decreased HIF-1α expression, migration and tumorsphere formation in human MDA-MB-231 TNBC cells under a normoxic condition. In contrast, the low-dose FTIs did not inhibit cell growth and activity of the Ras pathway in MDA-MB 231 cells. Tipifarnib-induced decrease in HIF-1α expression was associated with amelioration of the Warburg effect, hypermetabolic state, increases in Snail expression and ATP release, and suppressed E-cadherin expression, major contributors to invasion, metastasis and recurrence of TBNC. These data suggest that FTIs may be capable of ameliorating the aggressive phenotype of TNBC by suppressing the HIF-1α-Snail pathway. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 192-201, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomokazu Tanaka
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Yuichi Ikegami
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Harumasa Nakazawa
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts.,Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Naohide Kuriyama
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts.,Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Miwa Oki
- Division of Nephrology, Division of Interdisciplinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jun-Ichi Hanai
- Division of Nephrology, Division of Interdisciplinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Vikas P Sukhatme
- Division of Nephrology, Division of Interdisciplinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Masao Kaneki
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts. .,Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, Massachusetts.
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15
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Zhang L, Ding Y, Yuan Z, Liu J, Sun J, Lei F, Wu S, Li S, Zhang D. MicroRNA-500 sustains nuclear factor-κB activation and induces gastric cancer cell proliferation and resistance to apoptosis. Oncotarget 2016; 6:2483-95. [PMID: 25595906 PMCID: PMC4385865 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin deconjugation of key signalling molecules by deubiquitinases (DUBs) such as cylindromatosis (CYLD), A20, and OTU deubiquitinase 7B (OTUD7B) has emerged as an important regulatory mechanism in the downregulation of NF-κB signalling and homeostasis. However, how these serial negative regulations are simultaneously disrupted to result in constitutive activation of NF-κB signalling in cancers remains puzzling. Here, we report that the miR-500 directly repressed the expression of CYLD, OTUD7B, and the A20 complex component Tax1-binding protein 1 (TAX1BP1), leading to ubiquitin conjugation of receptor-interacting protein 1 (RIP1) and sustained NF-ĸB activation. Furthermore, we found that miR-500 promoted gastric cancer cell proliferation, survival, and tumorigenicity. Importantly, miR-500 was upregulated in gastric cancer and was highly correlated with malignant progression and poor survival. Hence, we report the uncovering of a novel mechanism for constitutive NF-κB activation, indicating the potentially pivotal role of miR-500 in the progression of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Ya Ding
- Department of Biotherapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Zhongyu Yuan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Junling Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Clinical Trial Center, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Fangyong Lei
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Shu Wu
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Su Li
- Clinical Trial Center, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Dongsheng Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
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16
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Sevelda F, Mayr L, Kubista B, Lötsch D, van Schoonhoven S, Windhager R, Pirker C, Micksche M, Berger W. EGFR is not a major driver for osteosarcoma cell growth in vitro but contributes to starvation and chemotherapy resistance. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2015; 34:134. [PMID: 26526352 PMCID: PMC4630894 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-015-0251-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Enhanced signalling via the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a hallmark of multiple human carcinomas. However, in recent years data have accumulated that EGFR might also be hyperactivated in human sarcomas. Aim of this study was to investigate the influence of EGFR inhibition on cell viability and its interaction with chemotherapy response in osteosarcoma cell lines. Methods We have investigated a panel of human osteosarcoma cell lines regarding EGFR expression and downstream signalling. To test its potential applicability as therapeutic target, inhibition of EGFR by gefitinib was combined with osteosarcoma chemotherapeutics and cell viability, migration, and cell death assays were performed. Results Osteosarcoma cells expressed distinctly differing levels of functional EGFR reaching in some cases high amounts. Functionality of EGFR in osteosarcoma cells was proven by EGF-mediated activation of both MAPK and PI3K/AKT pathway (determined by phosphorylation of ERK1/2, AKT, S6, and GSK3β). The EGFR-specific inhibitor gefitinib blocked EGF-mediated downstream signal activation. At standard in vitro culture conditions, clinically achievable gefitinib doses demonstrated only limited cytotoxic activity, however, significantly reduced long-term colony formation and cell migration. In contrast, under serum-starvation conditions active gefitinib doses were distinctly reduced while EGF promoted starvation survival. Importantly, gefitinib significantly supported the anti-osteosarcoma activities of doxorubicin and methotrexate regarding cell survival and migratory potential. Conclusion Our data suggest that EGFR is not a major driver for osteosarcoma cell growth but contributes to starvation- and chemotherapy-induced stress survival. Consequently, combination approaches including EGFR inhibitors should be evaluated for treatment of high-grade osteosarcoma patients. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13046-015-0251-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Sevelda
- Department of Orthopaedics, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria. .,Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Lisa Mayr
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Bernd Kubista
- Department of Orthopaedics, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Daniela Lötsch
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Sushilla van Schoonhoven
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Reinhard Windhager
- Department of Orthopaedics, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Christine Pirker
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Michael Micksche
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Walter Berger
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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