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Osouli‐Tabrizi S, Mehdizadeh A, Naghdi M, Sanaat Z, Vahed N, Farshbaf‐Khalili A. The effectiveness of omega-3 fatty acids on health outcomes in women with breast cancer: A systematic review. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:4355-4371. [PMID: 37576056 PMCID: PMC10420771 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to systematically evaluate the impact of omega-3 fatty acids on the health outcomes of women with breast cancer in electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library) for interventional studies. The risk of bias and the quality of the included articles were assessed by Cochrane Collaboration Handbook guidance. The statistical analyses were not conducted because of the heterogeneity of the included studies. Of 3676 identified articles, 11 articles were included in this study. The majority of the included studies were not of high quality. Median progression time and overall survival significantly improved. Additionally, surgical site healing complications and infection rates decreased. There was a significant decrease in perceived stress, sleep disturbance, depression, pain, joint stiffness, and fatigue throughout the intervention. Moreover, omega-3 fatty acids consumption significantly increased the total serum omega-3, EPA, and DHA, and decreased the omega-6: omega-3 ratio, total leukocytes, lymphocytes, leptin, and CRP, accordingly. Mild gastrointestinal symptoms were reported in only two studies without clinically relevant adverse events. Omega-3 fatty acids may cause improvement in physical, mental, and some inflammatory and metabolic indices during treatment or posttreatment course of breast cancer patients. Due to the possibility of free radical formation, omega-3 FAs supplementation and consumption must be done very carefully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Osouli‐Tabrizi
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and MidwiferyTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Amir Mehdizadeh
- Hematology and Oncology Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Mina Naghdi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and MidwiferyTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Zohreh Sanaat
- Hematology and Oncology Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Nafiseh Vahed
- Research Center for Evidence‐based Medicine, Iranian EBM Centre: A Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Center of ExcellenceTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Azizeh Farshbaf‐Khalili
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Aging Research InstituteTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
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2
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Liang X, Fu W, Peng Y, Duan J, Zhang T, Fan D, Hong W, Qi X, Wu C, He Y, Yu W, Zhou J, Guo P, Bai H, Zhang Q. Lycorine induces apoptosis of acute myeloid leukemia cells and inhibits triglyceride production via binding and targeting FABP5. Ann Hematol 2023; 102:1073-1086. [PMID: 36943465 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-023-05169-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common hematopoietic malignancy with abnormal lipid metabolism. However, currently available information on the involvement of the alterations in lipid metabolism in AML development is limited. In this study, we demonstrate that FABP5 expression facilitates AML cell viability, protects AML cells from apoptosis, and maintains triglyceride production. Our bioinformatics analysis revealed that FABP5 expression was upregulated and correlated with unfavorable overall survival of AML patients. FABP5 expression may be used to distinguish normal and AML with high accuracy. FABP5-based risk score was an independent risk factor for AML patients. AML patients with highly expressed FABP5 predicted resistance to drugs. In vitro study showed that FABP5 expression was remarkably elevated in primary AML blasts and an AML cell line. Silencing FABP5 expression attenuated AML cell viability, reduced triglyceride production and lipid droplet accumulation, and induced apoptosis. We utilized AutoDock online tool to identify lycorine as an FABP5 inhibitor by binding FABP5 at amino acid residues Ile54, Thr56, Thr63, and Arg109. Lycorine treatment downregulated the expression levels of FABP5 and its target PPARγ, impaired AML cell viability, triggered apoptosis, and reduced triglyceride production in AML cells. These results demonstrate that FABP5 is critical for AML cell survival and highlight a novel metabolic vulnerability for AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinming Liang
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Wenli Fu
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - YuHui Peng
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Juanjuan Duan
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Daogui Fan
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Wei Hong
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiaolan Qi
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - ChangXue Wu
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Yan He
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Wenfeng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Pengxiang Guo
- Department of Hematology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550002, Guizhou, China.
| | - Hua Bai
- Medical Laboratory Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Duyun, 558000, Guizhou, China.
| | - Qifang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China.
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research On Common Chronic Diseases, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China.
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3
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Shan K, Feng N, Zhu D, Qu H, Fu G, Li J, Cui J, Chen H, Wang R, Qi Y, Chen YQ. Free docosahexaenoic acid promotes ferroptotic cell death via lipoxygenase dependent and independent pathways in cancer cells. Eur J Nutr 2022; 61:4059-4075. [PMID: 35804267 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-02940-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Ferroptosis is a form of regulated cell death that has the potential to be targeted as a cancer therapeutic strategy. But cancer cells have a wide range of sensitivities to ferroptosis, which limits its therapeutic potential. Accumulation of lipid peroxides determines the occurrence of ferroptosis. However, the type of lipid involved in peroxidation and the mechanism of lipid peroxide accumulation are less studied. METHODS The effects of fatty acids (10 μM) with different carbon chain length and unsaturation on ferroptosis were evaluated by MTT and LDH release assay in cell lines derived from prostate cancer (PC3, 22RV1, DU145 and LNCaP), colorectal cancer (HT-29), cervical cancer (HeLa) and liver cancer (HepG2). Inhibitors of apoptosis, necroptosis, autophagy and ferroptosis were used to determine the type of cell death. Then the regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation by docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was measured by HPLC-MS and flow cytometry. The avtive form of DHA was determined by siRNA mediated gene silencing. The role of lipoxygenases was checked by inhibitors and gene silencing. Finally, the effect of DHA on ferroptosis-mediated tumor killing was verified in xenografts. RESULTS The sensitivity of ferroptosis was positively correlated with the unsaturation of exogenously added fatty acid. DHA (22:6 n-3) sensitized cancer cells to ferroptosis-inducing reagents (FINs) at the highest level in vitro and in vivo. In this process, DHA increased ROS accumulation, lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation independent of its membrane receptor, GPR120. Inhibition of long chain fatty acid-CoA ligases and lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferases didn't affect the role of DHA. DHA-involved ferroptosis can be induced in both arachidonate lipoxygenase 5 (ALOX5) negative and positive cells. Down regulation of ALOX5 inhibited ferroptosis, while overexpression of ALOX5 promoted ferroptosis. CONCLUSION DHA can effectively promote ferroptosis-mediated tumor killing by increasing intracellular lipid peroxidation. Both ALOX5 dependent and independent pathways are involved in DHA-FIN induced ferroptosis. And during this process, free DHA plays an important role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Shan
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ninghan Feng
- Department of Urology, Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Doudou Zhu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hongyan Qu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Guoling Fu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jing Cui
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Heyan Chen
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yumin Qi
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yong Q Chen
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Correlative Analysis of Vitamin D and Omega-3 Fatty Acid Intake in Men on Active Surveillance for Prostate Cancer. Urology 2021; 155:110-116. [PMID: 34144071 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2021.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the influence of targeted serum vitamin-D level and omega-6:3 fatty-acid ratio on prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level in men with prostate cancer managed with active surveillance by providing a nutritional intervention and vitamin supplementation. METHODS Sixty-eight patients with biopsy-proven National Comprehensive Cancer Network very-low or low-risk prostate cancer were enrolled in the prostate cancer nutrition and genetics clinic at the Cleveland Clinic from July 2013-December 2019. Patients adhered to a specific dietary regimen devoid of animal-based products and foods containing omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). The supplement regimen consisted of: Omega-3 PUFAs 720mg (3/day); curcumin 2000 mg/day; vitamin D3 dose titrated to achieve serum level of 60 ng/ml; and vitamin B-complex 1000 mg (4 times weekly). Patients underwent periodic monitoring of PSA, serum vitamin D, and PUFA levels and had frequent follow-up with the nutritionist which included a food frequency questionnaire. Interval prostate biopsy was performed as clinically indicated and/or at 9 months. RESULTS The mean and 95% confidence interval of PSA slope and Vitamin D serum levels slope were 0.11 (0-0.25) ng/mL/month and 4.65 (3.09-5.98) ng/mL/month, respectively. Patients with higher initial vitamin D levels were twice as likely to have a downward PSA trend (OR = 2.04, 95% confidence interval 1.04-4.01, P = .04). Fifty-five patients underwent follow-up biopsy, all showing no progression of disease. Three patients had loose bowel movements that required omega-3 and or curcumin dose adjustments. CONCLUSION Intensive nutritional intervention with Vitamin D and Omega-3 PUFA supplementation may benefit men on active surveillance for prostate cancer and further studies are warranted.
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Cui J, Chen H, Tang X, Zhao J, Zhang H, Chen YQ, Chen W. Δ6 fatty acid desaturases in polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis: insights into the evolution, function with substrate specificities and biotechnological use. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:9947-9963. [PMID: 33094384 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10958-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Δ6 fatty acid desaturases (FADS6) have different substrate specificities that impact the ratio of omega-6/omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, which are involved in regulating multiple signalling pathways associated with various diseases. For decades, FADS6 with different substrate specificities have been characterized and the functions of these crucial enzymes have been investigated, while it remains enigmatic that the substrate specificities of FADS6 from various species have a huge difference. This review summarizes the substrate specificities of FADS6 in different species and reveals the underlying relationship. Further evaluation of biochemical properties has revealed that the FADS6 prefer linoleic acid that is more hydrophilic and stable. Domain-swapping and site-directed mutagenesis have been employed to delineate the regions and sites that affect the substrate specificities of FADS6. These analyses improve our understanding of the functions of FADS6 and offer information for the discovery of novel biological resources. KEY POINTS: • Outline of the excavation and identification of Δ6 fatty acid desaturases. • Overview of methods used to determine the pivotal resides of desaturases. • Application of substrate properties to generate specific fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiqin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China. .,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China.,National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China.,Wuxi Translational Medicine Research Center and Jiangsu Translational Medicine Research Institute Wuxi Branch, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Q Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China.,Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, 5, Winston-Salem, NC, 27127, USA
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China.,National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Innovation Center of Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing, 100048, People's Republic of China
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6
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Jiao F, Sun H, Yang Q, Sun H, Wang Z, Liu M, Chen J. Identification of FADS1 Through Common Gene Expression Profiles for Predicting Survival in Patients with Bladder Cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:8325-8339. [PMID: 32982427 PMCID: PMC7489952 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s254316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Aim of this study was to identify biomarkers between different grades of bladder cancer (BLCA) and its prognostic value. Methods mRNA expression data from GSE32549 and GSE71576 were extracted for further analysis. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using GEO2R web tool. Gene ontology (GO) analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis and protein–protein interaction (PPI) network were conducted to explore the function and relationship of DEGs. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was used for external validation and Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) analysis was used to further identify FADS1 pathways. Bladder cancer cells and patient specimens were used to further demonstrate the function of FADS1. Results Datasets from GEO identified a panel of DEGs. Functional enrichment analysis highlighted that DEGs were associated with nuclear division, spindle, cell cycle and p53 signaling pathway. External validation from TCGA demonstrated that FADS1 was an independent prognostic marker in BLCA patients. In cell lines and tumor specimen analysis, FADS1 was overexpressed in the tumor specimen, compared with adjacent tissues, and positively correlated with tumor grade of BLCA. Moreover, FADS1 could enhance the proliferation ability and influence cell cycle of bladder cancer cells. Conclusion FADS1 was an independent prognostic biomarker for BLCA and could confer the bladder cancer cells increased proliferation ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangdong Jiao
- Department of Urology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Sun
- Department of Urology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingya Yang
- Department of Urology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Sun
- Department of Urology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Zehua Wang
- Department of Urology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Urology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Urology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Qingdao, People's Republic of China
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FADS1 promotes the progression of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma through activating AKT/mTOR signaling. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:272. [PMID: 32332698 PMCID: PMC7181692 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2457-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic abnormality is the major feature of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC), however, the underlying mechanism remain largely elusive. Fatty acid desaturase 1 (FADS1), as the key rate-limiting enzyme of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), catalyzes dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA) to arachidonic acid (AA). In this study, we reported that the expression of FADS1 was upregulated in LSCC, high FADS1 expression was closely associated with the advanced clinical features and poor prognosis of the recurrent LSCC patients after chemotherapy. Liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis revealed that FADS1 overexpression induced greater conversion of DGLA to AA, suggesting an increased activity of FADS1. Similarly, the level of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a downstream metabolite of AA, was also elevated in cancerous laryngeal tissues. Functional assays showed that FADS1 knockdown suppressed the proliferation, migration and invasion of LSCC cells, while FADS1 overexpression had the opposite effects. Bioinformatic analysis based on microarray data found that FADS1 could activate AKT/mTOR signaling. This hypothesis was further validated by both in vivo and in vitro assays. Hence, our data has supported the viewpoint that FADS1 is a potential promoter in LSCC progression, and has laid the foundation for further functional research on the PUFA dietary supplementation interventions targeting FADS1/AKT/mTOR pathway for LSCC prevention and treatment.
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Abstract
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) include α-linolenic acid (ALA; 18:3 ω-3), stearidonic acid (SDA; 18:4 ω-3), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5 ω-3), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA; 22:5 ω-3), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6 ω-3). In the past few decades, many epidemiological studies have been conducted on the myriad health benefits of omega-3 PUFAs. In this review, we summarized the structural features, properties, dietary sources, metabolism, and bioavailability of omega-3 PUFAs and their effects on cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, Alzheimer's disease, dementia, depression, visual and neurological development, and maternal and child health. Even though many health benefits of omega-3 PUFAs have been reported in the literature, there are also some controversies about their efficacy and certain benefits to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereidoon Shahidi
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland A1B 3X9, Canada;
| | - Priyatharini Ambigaipalan
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland A1B 3X9, Canada;
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Abstract
Many epidemiological studies revealed an association of dietary consumption of fatty acids and prostate cancer. Linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid and their derivatives such as arachidonic acid and eicosapentanoic acid are important polyunsaturated fatty acids in animal fats and in many vegetable oils. Their metabolism at the cellular level by enzymes such as lipoxygenases and cycloxygenases produces the group of eicosanoids molecules with many biological roles and activities in a variety of human diseases including cancer. In this review, we describe the biological activities of lipids with focus in eicosanoids and prostate cancer.
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10
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Dyba M, da Silva B, Coia H, Hou Y, Noguchi S, Pan J, Berry D, Creswell K, Krzeminski J, Desai D, Amin S, Yang D, Chung FL. Monoclonal Antibodies for the Detection of a Specific Cyclic DNA Adduct Derived from ω-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids. Chem Res Toxicol 2018; 31:772-783. [PMID: 29996644 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Lipid peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) is an endogenous source of α,β-unsaturated aldehydes that react with DNA producing a variety of cyclic adducts. The mutagenic cyclic adducts, specifically those derived from oxidation of ω-6 PUFAs, may contribute to the cancer promoting activities associated with ω-6 PUFAs. ( E)-4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE) is a unique product of ω-6 PUFAs oxidation. HNE reacts with deoxyguanosine (dG) yielding mutagenic 1, N2-propanodeoxyguanosine adducts (HNE-dG). Earlier studies showed HNE can also be oxidized to its epoxide (EH), and EH can react with deoxyadenosine (dA) forming the well-studied εdA and the substituted etheno adducts. Using a liquid chromatography-based tandem mass spectroscopic (LC-MS/MS) method, we previously reported the detection of EH-derived 7-(1',2'-dihydroxyheptyl)-1, N6-ethenodeoxyadenosine (DHHεdA) as a novel endogenous background adduct in DNA from rodent and human tissues. The formation, repair, and mutagenicity of DHHεdA and its biological consequences in cells have not been investigated. To understand the roles of DHHεdA in carcinogenesis, it is important to develop an immuno-based assay to detect DHHεdA in cells and tissues. In this study we describe the development of monoclonal antibodies specifically against DHHεdA and its application to detect DHHεdA in human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Dyba
- Department of Oncology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center , Georgetown University Medical Center , Washington , DC 20057 , United States
| | - Brandon da Silva
- Department of Chemistry , Georgetown University , Washington , DC 20057 , United States
| | - Heidi Coia
- Department of Oncology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center , Georgetown University Medical Center , Washington , DC 20057 , United States
| | - Yanqi Hou
- Department of Oncology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center , Georgetown University Medical Center , Washington , DC 20057 , United States
| | - Sumire Noguchi
- Department of Oncology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center , Georgetown University Medical Center , Washington , DC 20057 , United States
| | - Jishen Pan
- Department of Oncology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center , Georgetown University Medical Center , Washington , DC 20057 , United States
| | - Deborah Berry
- Histopathology and Tissue Shared Resource, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center , Georgetown University Medical Center , Washington , DC 20057 , United States
| | - Karen Creswell
- Histopathology and Tissue Shared Resource, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center , Georgetown University Medical Center , Washington , DC 20057 , United States
| | - Jacek Krzeminski
- Department of Pharmacology , Pennsylvania State University , Hershey , Pennsylvania 17033 , United States
| | - Dhimant Desai
- Department of Pharmacology , Pennsylvania State University , Hershey , Pennsylvania 17033 , United States
| | - Shantu Amin
- Department of Pharmacology , Pennsylvania State University , Hershey , Pennsylvania 17033 , United States
| | - David Yang
- Department of Chemistry , Georgetown University , Washington , DC 20057 , United States
| | - Fung-Lung Chung
- Department of Oncology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center , Georgetown University Medical Center , Washington , DC 20057 , United States
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Cheng Y, Monteiro C, Matos A, You J, Fraga A, Pereira C, Catalán V, Rodríguez A, Gómez-Ambrosi J, Frühbeck G, Ribeiro R, Hu P. Epigenome-wide DNA methylation profiling of periprostatic adipose tissue in prostate cancer patients with excess adiposity-a pilot study. Clin Epigenetics 2018; 10:54. [PMID: 29692867 PMCID: PMC5904983 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-018-0490-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Periprostatic adipose tissue (PPAT) has been recognized to associate with prostate cancer (PCa) aggressiveness and progression. Here, we sought to investigate whether excess adiposity modulates the methylome of PPAT in PCa patients. DNA methylation profiling was performed in PPAT from obese/overweight (OB/OW, BMI > 25 kg m−2) and normal weight (NW, BMI < 25 kg m−2) PCa patients. Significant differences in methylated CpGs between OB/OW and NW groups were inferred by statistical modeling. Results Five thousand five hundred twenty-six differentially methylated CpGs were identified between OB/OW and NW PCa patients with 90.2% hypermethylated. Four hundred eighty-three of these CpGs were found to be located at both promoters and CpG islands, whereas the representing 412 genes were found to be involved in pluripotency of stem cells, fatty acid metabolism, and many other biological processes; 14 of these genes, particularly FADS1, MOGAT1, and PCYT2, with promoter hypermethylation presented with significantly decreased gene expression in matched samples. Additionally, 38 genes were correlated with antigen processing and presentation of endogenous antigen via MHC class I, which might result in fatty acid accumulation in PPAT and tumor immune evasion. Conclusions Results showed that the whole epigenome methylation profiles of PPAT were significantly different in OB/OW compared to normal weight PCa patients. The epigenetic variation associated with excess adiposity likely resulted in altered lipid metabolism and immune dysregulation, contributing towards unfavorable PCa microenvironment, thus warranting further validation studies in larger samples. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13148-018-0490-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Cheng
- 1Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics & Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.,2Experimental Center, Northwest University for Nationalities, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Cátia Monteiro
- 3Molecular Oncology Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.,Research Department, Portuguese League Against Cancer-North, Porto, Portugal
| | - Andreia Matos
- 5Laboratory of Genetics and Environmental Health Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,6Tumor & Microenvironment Interactions, i3S/INEB, Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jiaying You
- 1Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics & Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Avelino Fraga
- 6Tumor & Microenvironment Interactions, i3S/INEB, Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,7Department of Urology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carina Pereira
- 3Molecular Oncology Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.,8CINTESIS, Center for Health Technology and Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, e, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Victoria Catalán
- 9Metabolic Research Laboratory, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,10CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutricion, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Amaia Rodríguez
- 9Metabolic Research Laboratory, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,10CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutricion, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Gómez-Ambrosi
- 9Metabolic Research Laboratory, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,10CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutricion, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gema Frühbeck
- 9Metabolic Research Laboratory, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,10CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutricion, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,11Department of Endocrinology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ricardo Ribeiro
- 3Molecular Oncology Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.,5Laboratory of Genetics and Environmental Health Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,6Tumor & Microenvironment Interactions, i3S/INEB, Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,12Department of Clinical Pathology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,13i3S/INEB, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde/Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Tumor & Microenvironment Interactions, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Pingzhao Hu
- 1Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics & Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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12
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Kemse N, Sundrani D, Kale A, Joshi S. Maternal Micronutrients, Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Gene Expression of Angiogenic and Inflammatory Markers in Pregnancy Induced Hypertension Rats. Arch Med Res 2017; 48:414-422. [PMID: 29133192 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Preeclampsia is a disorder of pregnancy and is associated with inflammation and altered angiogenesis. The present study examines the effect of micronutrient and omega-3 fatty acid supplementation (individual, as well as combined) on genes involved in inflammation and angiogenesis, as well as global DNA methylation levels in a pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) rat model. METHODS Pregnant Wistar rats were randomly assigned to six dietary groups: control, PIH (Pregnancy induced hypertension) Induced; PIH Induced with micronutrient supplements with vitamin B12 (PIHB), folate (PIHF), omega-3 fatty acid (PIHO), and combined supplementation (PIHC) (micronutrients and omega-3 fatty acids). Half the dams were dissected on 20 d of gestation to collect placental tissue, and half were allowed to deliver normally on 22 d of gestation and were assigned to a postnatal control diet. The offspring were dissected at 3 month of age. RESULTS PIH induction increased the mRNA levels of the pro inflammatory cytokine IL-6 (p <0.01), while lowering the placental anti inflammatory cytokine IL-10 (p <0.05) at d20 of gestation. It also increased the expression of TNF-α (p <0.05) in the liver of 3 month old offspring. The combined supplementation of folic acid, vitamin B12 and omega-3 fatty acids improved placental IL-10 levels and decreased TNF-α levels in offspring livers. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that a combined supplementation of vitamin B12, folic acid and omega-3 fatty acid was useful for the better management of preeclampsia in an animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Kemse
- Department of Nutritional Medicine, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Pune Satara Road, Pune, India
| | - Deepali Sundrani
- Department of Nutritional Medicine, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Pune Satara Road, Pune, India
| | - Anvita Kale
- Department of Nutritional Medicine, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Pune Satara Road, Pune, India
| | - Sadhana Joshi
- Department of Nutritional Medicine, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Pune Satara Road, Pune, India.
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13
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Yang JJ, Yu D, Takata Y, Smith-Warner SA, Blot W, White E, Robien K, Park Y, Xiang YB, Sinha R, Lazovich D, Stampfer M, Tumino R, Aune D, Overvad K, Liao L, Zhang X, Gao YT, Johansson M, Willett W, Zheng W, Shu XO. Dietary Fat Intake and Lung Cancer Risk: A Pooled Analysis. J Clin Oncol 2017; 35:3055-3064. [PMID: 28742456 PMCID: PMC5590804 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2017.73.3329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Dietary fat may play a role in lung carcinogenesis. Findings from epidemiologic studies, however, remain inconsistent. In this pooled analysis of 10 prospective cohort studies from the United States, Europe, and Asia, we evaluated the associations of total and specific types of dietary fat with lung cancer risk. Methods Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs in each cohort. Study-specific risk estimates were pooled by random- or fixed-effects meta-analysis. The first 2 years of follow-up were excluded to address potential influence of preclinical dietary changes. Results Among 1,445,850 participants, 18,822 incident cases were identified (mean follow-up, 9.4 years). High intakes of total and saturated fat were associated with an increased risk of lung cancer (for highest v lowest quintile: HR, 1.07 and 1.14, respectively; 95% CI, 1.00 to 1.15 and 1.07 to 1.22, respectively; P for trend for both < .001). The positive association of saturated fat was more evident among current smokers (HR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.13 to 1.35; P for trend < .001) than former/never smokers ( P for interaction = .004), and for squamous cell and small cell carcinoma (HR, 1.61 and 1.40, respectively; 95% CI, 1.38 to 1.88 and 1.17 to 1.67, respectively; P for trend for both < .001) than other histologic types ( P for heterogeneity < .001). In contrast, a high intake of polyunsaturated fat was associated with a decreased risk of lung cancer (HR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.87 to 0.98 for highest v lowest quintile; P for trend = .02). A 5% energy substitution of saturated fat with polyunsaturated fat was associated with a 16% to 17% lower risk of small cell and squamous cell carcinoma. No associations were found for monounsaturated fat. Conclusion Findings from this large, international cohort consortium suggest that modifying dietary fat intake (ie, replacing saturated fat with polyunsaturated fat) may reduce lung cancer risk, particularly among smokers and for squamous cell and small cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Jeong Yang
- Jae Jeong Yang, Danxia Yu, Yumie Takata, William Blot, Wei Zheng, and Xiao-Ou Shu, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Yumie Takata, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR; Stephanie A. Smith-Warner, Meir Stampfer, and Walter Willett, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Emily White, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Kim Robien, George Washington University, Washington, DC; Yikyung Park, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Yong-Bing Xiang and Yu-Tang Gao, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; Rashmi Sinha and Linda Liao, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; DeAnn Lazovich, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Rosario Tumino, “Civic – M.P. Arezzo” Hospital, ASP Ragusa, Italy; Dagfinn Aune, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom; Kim Overvad, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Xuehong Zhang, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Mattias Johansson, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyons, France
| | - Danxia Yu
- Jae Jeong Yang, Danxia Yu, Yumie Takata, William Blot, Wei Zheng, and Xiao-Ou Shu, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Yumie Takata, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR; Stephanie A. Smith-Warner, Meir Stampfer, and Walter Willett, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Emily White, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Kim Robien, George Washington University, Washington, DC; Yikyung Park, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Yong-Bing Xiang and Yu-Tang Gao, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; Rashmi Sinha and Linda Liao, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; DeAnn Lazovich, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Rosario Tumino, “Civic – M.P. Arezzo” Hospital, ASP Ragusa, Italy; Dagfinn Aune, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom; Kim Overvad, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Xuehong Zhang, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Mattias Johansson, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyons, France
| | - Yumie Takata
- Jae Jeong Yang, Danxia Yu, Yumie Takata, William Blot, Wei Zheng, and Xiao-Ou Shu, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Yumie Takata, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR; Stephanie A. Smith-Warner, Meir Stampfer, and Walter Willett, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Emily White, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Kim Robien, George Washington University, Washington, DC; Yikyung Park, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Yong-Bing Xiang and Yu-Tang Gao, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; Rashmi Sinha and Linda Liao, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; DeAnn Lazovich, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Rosario Tumino, “Civic – M.P. Arezzo” Hospital, ASP Ragusa, Italy; Dagfinn Aune, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom; Kim Overvad, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Xuehong Zhang, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Mattias Johansson, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyons, France
| | - Stephanie A. Smith-Warner
- Jae Jeong Yang, Danxia Yu, Yumie Takata, William Blot, Wei Zheng, and Xiao-Ou Shu, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Yumie Takata, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR; Stephanie A. Smith-Warner, Meir Stampfer, and Walter Willett, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Emily White, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Kim Robien, George Washington University, Washington, DC; Yikyung Park, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Yong-Bing Xiang and Yu-Tang Gao, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; Rashmi Sinha and Linda Liao, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; DeAnn Lazovich, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Rosario Tumino, “Civic – M.P. Arezzo” Hospital, ASP Ragusa, Italy; Dagfinn Aune, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom; Kim Overvad, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Xuehong Zhang, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Mattias Johansson, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyons, France
| | - William Blot
- Jae Jeong Yang, Danxia Yu, Yumie Takata, William Blot, Wei Zheng, and Xiao-Ou Shu, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Yumie Takata, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR; Stephanie A. Smith-Warner, Meir Stampfer, and Walter Willett, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Emily White, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Kim Robien, George Washington University, Washington, DC; Yikyung Park, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Yong-Bing Xiang and Yu-Tang Gao, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; Rashmi Sinha and Linda Liao, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; DeAnn Lazovich, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Rosario Tumino, “Civic – M.P. Arezzo” Hospital, ASP Ragusa, Italy; Dagfinn Aune, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom; Kim Overvad, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Xuehong Zhang, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Mattias Johansson, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyons, France
| | - Emily White
- Jae Jeong Yang, Danxia Yu, Yumie Takata, William Blot, Wei Zheng, and Xiao-Ou Shu, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Yumie Takata, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR; Stephanie A. Smith-Warner, Meir Stampfer, and Walter Willett, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Emily White, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Kim Robien, George Washington University, Washington, DC; Yikyung Park, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Yong-Bing Xiang and Yu-Tang Gao, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; Rashmi Sinha and Linda Liao, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; DeAnn Lazovich, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Rosario Tumino, “Civic – M.P. Arezzo” Hospital, ASP Ragusa, Italy; Dagfinn Aune, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom; Kim Overvad, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Xuehong Zhang, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Mattias Johansson, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyons, France
| | - Kim Robien
- Jae Jeong Yang, Danxia Yu, Yumie Takata, William Blot, Wei Zheng, and Xiao-Ou Shu, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Yumie Takata, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR; Stephanie A. Smith-Warner, Meir Stampfer, and Walter Willett, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Emily White, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Kim Robien, George Washington University, Washington, DC; Yikyung Park, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Yong-Bing Xiang and Yu-Tang Gao, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; Rashmi Sinha and Linda Liao, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; DeAnn Lazovich, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Rosario Tumino, “Civic – M.P. Arezzo” Hospital, ASP Ragusa, Italy; Dagfinn Aune, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom; Kim Overvad, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Xuehong Zhang, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Mattias Johansson, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyons, France
| | - Yikyung Park
- Jae Jeong Yang, Danxia Yu, Yumie Takata, William Blot, Wei Zheng, and Xiao-Ou Shu, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Yumie Takata, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR; Stephanie A. Smith-Warner, Meir Stampfer, and Walter Willett, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Emily White, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Kim Robien, George Washington University, Washington, DC; Yikyung Park, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Yong-Bing Xiang and Yu-Tang Gao, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; Rashmi Sinha and Linda Liao, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; DeAnn Lazovich, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Rosario Tumino, “Civic – M.P. Arezzo” Hospital, ASP Ragusa, Italy; Dagfinn Aune, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom; Kim Overvad, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Xuehong Zhang, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Mattias Johansson, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyons, France
| | - Yong-Bing Xiang
- Jae Jeong Yang, Danxia Yu, Yumie Takata, William Blot, Wei Zheng, and Xiao-Ou Shu, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Yumie Takata, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR; Stephanie A. Smith-Warner, Meir Stampfer, and Walter Willett, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Emily White, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Kim Robien, George Washington University, Washington, DC; Yikyung Park, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Yong-Bing Xiang and Yu-Tang Gao, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; Rashmi Sinha and Linda Liao, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; DeAnn Lazovich, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Rosario Tumino, “Civic – M.P. Arezzo” Hospital, ASP Ragusa, Italy; Dagfinn Aune, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom; Kim Overvad, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Xuehong Zhang, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Mattias Johansson, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyons, France
| | - Rashmi Sinha
- Jae Jeong Yang, Danxia Yu, Yumie Takata, William Blot, Wei Zheng, and Xiao-Ou Shu, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Yumie Takata, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR; Stephanie A. Smith-Warner, Meir Stampfer, and Walter Willett, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Emily White, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Kim Robien, George Washington University, Washington, DC; Yikyung Park, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Yong-Bing Xiang and Yu-Tang Gao, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; Rashmi Sinha and Linda Liao, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; DeAnn Lazovich, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Rosario Tumino, “Civic – M.P. Arezzo” Hospital, ASP Ragusa, Italy; Dagfinn Aune, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom; Kim Overvad, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Xuehong Zhang, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Mattias Johansson, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyons, France
| | - DeAnn Lazovich
- Jae Jeong Yang, Danxia Yu, Yumie Takata, William Blot, Wei Zheng, and Xiao-Ou Shu, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Yumie Takata, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR; Stephanie A. Smith-Warner, Meir Stampfer, and Walter Willett, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Emily White, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Kim Robien, George Washington University, Washington, DC; Yikyung Park, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Yong-Bing Xiang and Yu-Tang Gao, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; Rashmi Sinha and Linda Liao, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; DeAnn Lazovich, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Rosario Tumino, “Civic – M.P. Arezzo” Hospital, ASP Ragusa, Italy; Dagfinn Aune, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom; Kim Overvad, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Xuehong Zhang, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Mattias Johansson, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyons, France
| | - Meir Stampfer
- Jae Jeong Yang, Danxia Yu, Yumie Takata, William Blot, Wei Zheng, and Xiao-Ou Shu, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Yumie Takata, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR; Stephanie A. Smith-Warner, Meir Stampfer, and Walter Willett, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Emily White, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Kim Robien, George Washington University, Washington, DC; Yikyung Park, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Yong-Bing Xiang and Yu-Tang Gao, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; Rashmi Sinha and Linda Liao, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; DeAnn Lazovich, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Rosario Tumino, “Civic – M.P. Arezzo” Hospital, ASP Ragusa, Italy; Dagfinn Aune, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom; Kim Overvad, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Xuehong Zhang, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Mattias Johansson, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyons, France
| | - Rosario Tumino
- Jae Jeong Yang, Danxia Yu, Yumie Takata, William Blot, Wei Zheng, and Xiao-Ou Shu, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Yumie Takata, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR; Stephanie A. Smith-Warner, Meir Stampfer, and Walter Willett, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Emily White, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Kim Robien, George Washington University, Washington, DC; Yikyung Park, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Yong-Bing Xiang and Yu-Tang Gao, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; Rashmi Sinha and Linda Liao, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; DeAnn Lazovich, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Rosario Tumino, “Civic – M.P. Arezzo” Hospital, ASP Ragusa, Italy; Dagfinn Aune, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom; Kim Overvad, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Xuehong Zhang, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Mattias Johansson, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyons, France
| | - Dagfinn Aune
- Jae Jeong Yang, Danxia Yu, Yumie Takata, William Blot, Wei Zheng, and Xiao-Ou Shu, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Yumie Takata, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR; Stephanie A. Smith-Warner, Meir Stampfer, and Walter Willett, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Emily White, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Kim Robien, George Washington University, Washington, DC; Yikyung Park, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Yong-Bing Xiang and Yu-Tang Gao, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; Rashmi Sinha and Linda Liao, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; DeAnn Lazovich, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Rosario Tumino, “Civic – M.P. Arezzo” Hospital, ASP Ragusa, Italy; Dagfinn Aune, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom; Kim Overvad, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Xuehong Zhang, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Mattias Johansson, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyons, France
| | - Kim Overvad
- Jae Jeong Yang, Danxia Yu, Yumie Takata, William Blot, Wei Zheng, and Xiao-Ou Shu, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Yumie Takata, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR; Stephanie A. Smith-Warner, Meir Stampfer, and Walter Willett, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Emily White, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Kim Robien, George Washington University, Washington, DC; Yikyung Park, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Yong-Bing Xiang and Yu-Tang Gao, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; Rashmi Sinha and Linda Liao, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; DeAnn Lazovich, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Rosario Tumino, “Civic – M.P. Arezzo” Hospital, ASP Ragusa, Italy; Dagfinn Aune, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom; Kim Overvad, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Xuehong Zhang, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Mattias Johansson, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyons, France
| | - Linda Liao
- Jae Jeong Yang, Danxia Yu, Yumie Takata, William Blot, Wei Zheng, and Xiao-Ou Shu, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Yumie Takata, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR; Stephanie A. Smith-Warner, Meir Stampfer, and Walter Willett, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Emily White, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Kim Robien, George Washington University, Washington, DC; Yikyung Park, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Yong-Bing Xiang and Yu-Tang Gao, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; Rashmi Sinha and Linda Liao, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; DeAnn Lazovich, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Rosario Tumino, “Civic – M.P. Arezzo” Hospital, ASP Ragusa, Italy; Dagfinn Aune, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom; Kim Overvad, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Xuehong Zhang, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Mattias Johansson, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyons, France
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- Jae Jeong Yang, Danxia Yu, Yumie Takata, William Blot, Wei Zheng, and Xiao-Ou Shu, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Yumie Takata, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR; Stephanie A. Smith-Warner, Meir Stampfer, and Walter Willett, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Emily White, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Kim Robien, George Washington University, Washington, DC; Yikyung Park, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Yong-Bing Xiang and Yu-Tang Gao, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; Rashmi Sinha and Linda Liao, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; DeAnn Lazovich, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Rosario Tumino, “Civic – M.P. Arezzo” Hospital, ASP Ragusa, Italy; Dagfinn Aune, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom; Kim Overvad, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Xuehong Zhang, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Mattias Johansson, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyons, France
| | - Yu-Tang Gao
- Jae Jeong Yang, Danxia Yu, Yumie Takata, William Blot, Wei Zheng, and Xiao-Ou Shu, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Yumie Takata, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR; Stephanie A. Smith-Warner, Meir Stampfer, and Walter Willett, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Emily White, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Kim Robien, George Washington University, Washington, DC; Yikyung Park, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Yong-Bing Xiang and Yu-Tang Gao, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; Rashmi Sinha and Linda Liao, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; DeAnn Lazovich, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Rosario Tumino, “Civic – M.P. Arezzo” Hospital, ASP Ragusa, Italy; Dagfinn Aune, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom; Kim Overvad, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Xuehong Zhang, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Mattias Johansson, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyons, France
| | - Mattias Johansson
- Jae Jeong Yang, Danxia Yu, Yumie Takata, William Blot, Wei Zheng, and Xiao-Ou Shu, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Yumie Takata, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR; Stephanie A. Smith-Warner, Meir Stampfer, and Walter Willett, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Emily White, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Kim Robien, George Washington University, Washington, DC; Yikyung Park, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Yong-Bing Xiang and Yu-Tang Gao, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; Rashmi Sinha and Linda Liao, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; DeAnn Lazovich, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Rosario Tumino, “Civic – M.P. Arezzo” Hospital, ASP Ragusa, Italy; Dagfinn Aune, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom; Kim Overvad, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Xuehong Zhang, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Mattias Johansson, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyons, France
| | - Walter Willett
- Jae Jeong Yang, Danxia Yu, Yumie Takata, William Blot, Wei Zheng, and Xiao-Ou Shu, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Yumie Takata, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR; Stephanie A. Smith-Warner, Meir Stampfer, and Walter Willett, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Emily White, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Kim Robien, George Washington University, Washington, DC; Yikyung Park, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Yong-Bing Xiang and Yu-Tang Gao, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; Rashmi Sinha and Linda Liao, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; DeAnn Lazovich, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Rosario Tumino, “Civic – M.P. Arezzo” Hospital, ASP Ragusa, Italy; Dagfinn Aune, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom; Kim Overvad, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Xuehong Zhang, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Mattias Johansson, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyons, France
| | - Wei Zheng
- Jae Jeong Yang, Danxia Yu, Yumie Takata, William Blot, Wei Zheng, and Xiao-Ou Shu, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Yumie Takata, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR; Stephanie A. Smith-Warner, Meir Stampfer, and Walter Willett, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Emily White, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Kim Robien, George Washington University, Washington, DC; Yikyung Park, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Yong-Bing Xiang and Yu-Tang Gao, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; Rashmi Sinha and Linda Liao, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; DeAnn Lazovich, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Rosario Tumino, “Civic – M.P. Arezzo” Hospital, ASP Ragusa, Italy; Dagfinn Aune, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom; Kim Overvad, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Xuehong Zhang, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Mattias Johansson, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyons, France
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Jae Jeong Yang, Danxia Yu, Yumie Takata, William Blot, Wei Zheng, and Xiao-Ou Shu, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Yumie Takata, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR; Stephanie A. Smith-Warner, Meir Stampfer, and Walter Willett, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Emily White, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Kim Robien, George Washington University, Washington, DC; Yikyung Park, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Yong-Bing Xiang and Yu-Tang Gao, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; Rashmi Sinha and Linda Liao, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; DeAnn Lazovich, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Rosario Tumino, “Civic – M.P. Arezzo” Hospital, ASP Ragusa, Italy; Dagfinn Aune, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom; Kim Overvad, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Xuehong Zhang, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Mattias Johansson, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyons, France
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14
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Chen X, Du X, Shen J, Lu L, Wang W. Original Research: Effect of various dietary fats on fatty acid profile in duck liver: Efficient conversion of short-chain to long-chain omega-3 fatty acids. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2016; 242:80-87. [PMID: 27510581 DOI: 10.1177/1535370216664031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Omega-3 fatty acids, especially long-chain omega-3 fatty acids, have been associated with potential health benefits for chronic disease prevention. Our previous studies found that dietary omega-3 fatty acids could accumulate in the meat and eggs in a duck model. This study was to reveal the effects of various dietary fats on fatty acid profile and conversion of omega-3 fatty acids in duck liver. Female Shan Partridge Ducks were randomly assigned to five dietary treatments, each consisting of 6 replicates of 30 birds. The experimental diets substituted the basal diet by 2% of flaxseed oil, rapeseed oil, beef tallow, or fish oil, respectively. In addition, a dose response study was further conducted for flaxseed and fish oil diets at 0.5%, 1%, and 2%, respectively. At the end of the five-week treatment, fatty acids were extracted from the liver samples and analyzed by GC-FID. As expected, the total omega-3 fatty acids and the ratio of total omega-3/omega-6 significantly increased in both flaxseed and fish oil groups when compared with the control diet. No significant change of total saturated fatty acids or omega-3 fatty acids was found in both rapeseed and beef tallow groups. The dose response study further indicated that 59-81% of the short-chain omega-3 ALA in flaxseed oil-fed group was efficiently converted to long-chain DHA in the duck liver, whereas 1% of dietary flaxseed oil could produce an equivalent level of DHA as 0.5% of dietary fish oil. The more omega-3 fatty acids, the less omega-6 fatty acids in the duck liver. Taken together, this study showed the fatty acid profiling in the duck liver after various dietary fat consumption, provided insight into a dose response change of omega-3 fatty acids, indicated an efficient conversion of short- to long-chain omega-3 fatty acid, and suggested alternative long-chain omega-3 fatty acid-enriched duck products for human health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Department of Human Nutrition, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Xue Du
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Jianliang Shen
- Zhejiang Zhuowang Agriculture Sci-Tech Limited Co., Huzhou 313014, China
| | - Lizhi Lu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Weiqun Wang
- Department of Human Nutrition, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
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15
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EL OS, Darej C, Moujahed N. Fatty acids and amino acids contents in Scomber scombrus fillets from the South East of Tunisia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.5897/ajb2016.15344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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16
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Ghasemian S, Sahari MA, Barzegar M, Gavlighi HA. Concentration of Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids by polymeric membrane. Int J Food Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.12907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Ghasemian
- Department of Food Science and Technology; Faculty of Agriculture; Tarbiat Modares University; Tehran Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Sahari
- Department of Food Science and Technology; Faculty of Agriculture; Tarbiat Modares University; Tehran Iran
| | - Mohsen Barzegar
- Department of Food Science and Technology; Faculty of Agriculture; Tarbiat Modares University; Tehran Iran
| | - Hassan Ahmadi Gavlighi
- Department of Food Science and Technology; Faculty of Agriculture; Tarbiat Modares University; Tehran Iran
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17
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Gu Z, Shan K, Chen H, Chen YQ. n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and their Role in Cancer Chemoprevention. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 1:283-294. [PMID: 26457243 DOI: 10.1007/s40495-015-0043-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), including omega-3 (n-3) and omega-6 (n-6) PUFAs, are essential for human health. Recent research shows n-3 PUFAs and their mediators can inhibit inflammation, angiogenesis and cancer via multiple mechanisms, including reduced release of n-6 fatty acid arachidonic acid from cell membranes, inhibition of enzymatic activities, and direct competition with arachidonic acid for enzymatic conversions. In this review, we discuss inflammation-related cancer, anti-inflammatory effects of n-3 PUFA lipid mediators, antineoplastic activities of n-3 PUFA in vitro and in vivo, and present an update on recent human trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhennan Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P.R. China ; The Synergistic Innovation Center for Food Safety and Nutrition, Wuxi 214122, P.R. China ; Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Kai Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P.R. China ; The Synergistic Innovation Center for Food Safety and Nutrition, Wuxi 214122, P.R. China
| | - Haiqin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P.R. China ; The Synergistic Innovation Center for Food Safety and Nutrition, Wuxi 214122, P.R. China
| | - Yong Q Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P.R. China ; The Synergistic Innovation Center for Food Safety and Nutrition, Wuxi 214122, P.R. China ; Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
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18
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The role of dietary fat throughout the prostate cancer trajectory. Nutrients 2014; 6:6095-109. [PMID: 25533015 PMCID: PMC4277017 DOI: 10.3390/nu6126095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Revised: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer diagnosed world-wide; however, patients demonstrate exceptionally high survival rates. Many lifestyle factors, including obesity and diet, are considered risk factors for advanced prostate cancer. Dietary fat is a fundamental contributor to obesity and may be specifically important for prostate cancer patients. Prostate cancer treatment can result in changes in body composition, affecting quality of life for survivors by increasing the risk of co-morbidities, like cardiovascular disease and diabetes. We aim to examine dietary fat throughout the prostate cancer treatment trajectory, including risk, cancer development and survivorship. Focusing on one specific nutrient throughout the prostate cancer trajectory provides a unique perspective of dietary fat in prostate cancer and the mechanisms that may exacerbate prostate cancer risk, progression and recurrence. Through this approach, we noted that high intake of dietary fat, especially, high intake of animal and saturated fats, may be associated with increased prostate cancer risk. In contrast, a low-fat diet, specifically low in saturated fat, may be beneficial for prostate cancer survivors by reducing tumor angiogenesis and cancer recurrence. The insulin-like growth factor (IGF)/Akt signaling pathway appears to be the key pathway moderating dietary fat intake and prostate cancer development and progression.
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19
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Dueregger A, Heidegger I, Ofer P, Perktold B, Ramoner R, Klocker H, Eder IE. The use of dietary supplements to alleviate androgen deprivation therapy side effects during prostate cancer treatment. Nutrients 2014; 6:4491-519. [PMID: 25338271 PMCID: PMC4210931 DOI: 10.3390/nu6104491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Revised: 09/07/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa), the most commonly diagnosed cancer and second leading cause of male cancer death in Western societies, is typically androgen-dependent, a characteristic that underlies the rationale of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Approximately 90% of patients initially respond to ADT strategies, however many experience side effects including hot flashes, cardiotoxicity, metabolic and musculoskeletal alterations. This review summarizes pre-clinical and clinical studies investigating the ability of dietary supplements to alleviate adverse effects arising from ADT. In particular, we focus on herbal compounds, phytoestrogens, selenium (Se), fatty acids (FA), calcium, and Vitamins D and E. Indeed, there is some evidence that calcium and Vitamin D can prevent the development of osteoporosis during ADT. On the other hand, caution should be taken with the antioxidants Se and Vitamin E until the basis underlying their respective association with type 2 diabetes mellitus and PCa tumor development has been clarified. However, many other promising supplements have not yet been subjected large-scale clinical trials making it difficult to assess their efficacy. Given the demographic trend of increased PCa diagnoses and dependence on ADT as a major therapeutic strategy, further studies are required to objectively evaluate these supplements as adjuvant for PCa patients receiving ADT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Dueregger
- Division of Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, A-6020 Austria.
| | - Isabel Heidegger
- Division of Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, A-6020 Austria.
| | - Philipp Ofer
- Division of Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, A-6020 Austria.
| | - Bernhard Perktold
- Department of Dietetics, University of Applied Sciences Tyrol, Innsbruck A-6020, Austria.
| | - Reinhold Ramoner
- Department of Dietetics, University of Applied Sciences Tyrol, Innsbruck A-6020, Austria.
| | - Helmut Klocker
- Division of Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, A-6020 Austria.
| | - Iris E Eder
- Division of Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, A-6020 Austria.
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20
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The effects of different extraction methods on composition and storage stability of sturgeon oil. Food Chem 2014; 173:274-82. [PMID: 25466023 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.09.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Revised: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess the effect of different extraction methods on oil yield, colour attributes, oxidative stability, fatty acids composition and production of volatile compounds in sturgeon oil during storage. The supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) method with carbon dioxide resulted in higher oil yields, better colour attributes, and higher oxidative stability compared to other traditional extraction methods such as enzymatic extraction, amino, and wet reduction. After storage at 4 °C for 33 days, the aldehyde content in oil extracted by the enzymatic extraction and wet reduction methods was twice as high as that obtained by the other methods. There was a significant reduction in the content of total acids in oils extracted by the enzymatic extraction and wet reduction methods (p<0.05), whereas amine compounds were mainly detected in oil extracted by the amino method. The oil extracted by SFE exhibited higher UFA and lower SFA. Significant diffidence among PUFA with C above 20 was observed in oil extracted with SFE.
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21
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Kaur N, Chugh V, Gupta AK. Essential fatty acids as functional components of foods- a review. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2014; 51:2289-303. [PMID: 25328170 PMCID: PMC4190204 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-012-0677-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 02/03/2012] [Accepted: 03/01/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
During the recent decades, awareness towards the role of essential fatty acids in human health and disease prevention has been unremittingly increasing among people. Fish, fish oils and some vegetable oils are rich sources of essential fatty acids. Many studies have positively correlated essential fatty acids with reduction of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, infant development, cancer prevention, optimal brain and vision functioning, arthritis, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and neurological/neuropsychiatric disorders. Beneficial effects may be mediated through several different mechanisms, including alteration in cell membrane composition, gene expression or eicosanoid production. However, the mechanisms whereby essential fatty acids affect gene expression are complex and involve multiple processes. Further understanding of the molecular aspects of essential fatty acids will be the key to devising novel approaches to the treatment and prevention of many diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narinder Kaur
- />Department of Biochemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141004 India
| | - Vishal Chugh
- />Eternal University, Baru Sahib, Sirmour, 173107 Himachal Pradesh India
| | - Anil K. Gupta
- />Department of Biochemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141004 India
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22
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Fu Y, Nath RG, Dyba M, Cruz IM, Pondicherry SR, Fernandez A, Schultz CL, Yang P, Pan J, Desai D, Krzeminski J, Amin S, Christov PP, Hara Y, Chung FL. In vivo detection of a novel endogenous etheno-DNA adduct derived from arachidonic acid and the effects of antioxidants on its formation. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 73:12-20. [PMID: 24816294 PMCID: PMC4114339 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Revised: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies showed that 7-(1',2'-dihydroxyheptyl)-substituted etheno DNA adducts are products of reactions with the epoxide of (E)-4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, an oxidation product of ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). In this work, we report the detection of 7-(1',2'-dihydroxyheptyl)-1,N(6)-ethenodeoxyadenosine (DHHedA) in rodent and human tissues by two independent methods: a (32)P-postlabeling/HPLC method and an isotope dilution liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry method, demonstrating for the first time that DHHedA is a background DNA lesion in vivo. We showed that DHHedA can be formed upon incubation of arachidonic acid with deoxyadenosine, supporting the notion that ω-6 PUFAs are the endogenous source of DHHedA formation. Because cyclic adducts are derived from the oxidation of PUFAs, we subsequently examined the effects of antioxidants, α-lipoic acid, Polyphenon E, and vitamin E, on the formation of DHHedA and γ-hydroxy-1,N(2)-propanodeoxyguanosine (γ-OHPdG), a widely studied acrolein-derived adduct arising from oxidized PUFAs, in the livers of Long Evans Cinnamon (LEC) rats. LEC rats are afflicted with elevated lipid peroxidation and prone to the development of hepatocellular carcinomas. The results showed that although the survival of LEC rats was increased significantly by α-lipoic acid, none of the antioxidants inhibited the formation of DHHedA, and only Polyphenon E decreased the formation of γ-OHPdG. In contrast, vitamin E caused a significant increase in the formation of both γ-OHPdG and DHHedA in the livers of LEC rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Fu
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia 20057
| | - Raghu G Nath
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia 20057
| | - Marcin Dyba
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia 20057
| | - Idalia M Cruz
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia 20057
| | - Sharanya R Pondicherry
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia 20057
| | - Aileen Fernandez
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia 20057
| | - Casey L Schultz
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77054
| | - Peiying Yang
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77054
| | - Jishen Pan
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia 20057
| | - Dhimant Desai
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033
| | - Jacek Krzeminski
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033
| | - Shantu Amin
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033
| | - Plamen P Christov
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, VU Station B 351822, Nashville, TN 37235
| | | | - Fung-Lung Chung
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia 20057
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23
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Hao G, Chen H, Du K, Huang X, Song Y, Gu Z, Wang L, Zhang H, Chen W, Chen YQ. Increased fatty acid unsaturation and production of arachidonic acid by homologous over-expression of the mitochondrial malic enzyme in Mortierella alpina. Biotechnol Lett 2014; 36:1827-34. [PMID: 24863290 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-014-1546-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Malic enzyme (ME) catalyses the oxidative decarboxylation of L-malate to pyruvate and provides NADPH for intracellular metabolism, such as fatty acid synthesis. Here, the mitochondrial ME (mME) gene from Mortierella alpina was homologously over-expressed. Compared with controls, fungal arachidonic acid (ARA; 20:4 n-6) content increased by 60 % without affecting the total fatty acid content. Our results suggest that enhancing mME activity may be an effective mean to increase industrial production of ARA in M. alpina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangfei Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
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Rosiglitazone regulates anti-inflammation and growth inhibition via PTEN. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:787924. [PMID: 24757676 PMCID: PMC3971553 DOI: 10.1155/2014/787924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2013] [Revised: 01/18/2014] [Accepted: 02/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) agonist has anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. However, the mechanisms by which PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone interferes with inflammation and cancer via phosphatase and tensin homolog-(PTEN)-dependent pathway remain unclear. We found that lower doses (<25 μ M) of rosiglitazone significantly inhibited lipopolysaccharide-(LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) release (via inducible nitric oxide synthase, iNOS), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production (via cyclooxygenase-2, COX-2), and activation of Akt in RAW 264.7 murine macrophages. However, rosiglitazone did not inhibit the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In PTEN knockdown (shPTEN) cells exposed to LPS, rosiglitazone did not inhibit NO release, PGE2 production, and activation of Akt. These cells had elevated basal levels of iNOS, COX-2, and ROS. However, higher doses (25-100 μ M) of rosiglitazone, without LPS stimulation, did not block NO release and PGE2 productions, but they inhibited p38 MAPK phosphorylation and blocked ROS generation in shPTEN cells. In addition, rosiglitazone caused G1 arrest and reduced the number of cells in S + G2/M phase, leading to growth inhibition. These results indicate that the anti-inflammatory property of rosiglitazone is related to regulation of PTEN independent of inhibition on ROS production. However, rosiglitazone affected the dependence of PTEN-deficient cell growth on ROS.
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Mechanisms of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in prostate cancer prevention. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:824563. [PMID: 23762859 PMCID: PMC3676993 DOI: 10.1155/2013/824563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Revised: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 05/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on several key areas where progress has been made recently to highlight the role of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid in prostate cancer prevention.
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Gu Z, Wu J, Wang S, Suburu J, Chen H, Thomas MJ, Shi L, Edwards IJ, Berquin IM, Chen YQ. Polyunsaturated fatty acids affect the localization and signaling of PIP3/AKT in prostate cancer cells. Carcinogenesis 2013; 34:1968-75. [PMID: 23633519 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgt147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AKT is a serine-threonine protein kinase that plays important roles in cell growth, proliferation and apoptosis. It is activated after binding to phosphatidylinositol phosphates (PIPs) with phosphate groups at positions 3,4 and 3,4,5 on the inositol ring. In spite of extensive research on AKT, one aspect has been largely overlooked, namely the role of the fatty acid chains on PIPs. PIPs are phospholipids composed of a glycerol backbone with fatty acids at the sn-1 and sn-2 position and inositol at the sn-3 position. Here, we show that polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) modify phospholipid content. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), an ω3 PUFA, can replace the fatty acid at the sn-2 position of the glycerol backbone, thereby changing the species of phospholipids. DHA also inhibits AKT(T308) but not AKT(S473) phosphorylation, alters PI(3,4,5)P3 (PIP3) and phospho-AKT(S473) protein localization, decreases pPDPK1(S241)-AKT and AKT-BAD interaction and suppresses prostate tumor growth. Our study highlights a potential novel mechanism of cancer inhibition by ω3 PUFA through alteration of PIP3 and AKT localization and affecting the AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhennan Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China and
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Chen H, Gu Z, Zhang H, Wang M, Chen W, Lowther WT, Chen YQ. Expression and purification of integral membrane fatty acid desaturases. PLoS One 2013; 8:e58139. [PMID: 23520490 PMCID: PMC3592867 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2012] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid desaturase enzymes perform dehydrogenation reactions leading to the insertion of double bonds in fatty acids, and are divided into soluble and integral membrane classes. Crystal structures of soluble desaturases are available; however, membrane desaturases have defied decades of efforts due largely to the difficulty of generating recombinant desaturase proteins for crystallographic analysis. Mortierella alpina is an oleaginous fungus which possesses eight membrane desaturases involved in the synthesis of saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Here, we describe the successful expression, purification and enzymatic assay of three M. alpina desaturases (FADS15, FADS12, and FADS9-I). Estimated yields of desaturases with purity >95% are approximately 3.5% (Ca. 4.6 mg/L of culture) for FADS15, 2.3% (Ca. 2.5 mg/L of culture) for FADS12 and 10.7% (Ca. 37.5 mg/L of culture) for FADS9-I. Successful expression of high amounts of recombinant proteins represents a critical step towards the structural elucidation of membrane fatty acid desaturases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiqin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Zhennan Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingxuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - W. Todd Lowther
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Yong Q. Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Diamantaras AA, Dessypris N, Sergentanis TN, Ntouvelis E, Athanasiadou-Piperopoulou F, Baka M, Fragandrea I, Moschovi M, Polychronopoulou S, Stiakaki E, Panagiotakos D, Petridou E. Nutrition in early life and risk of childhood leukemia: a case–control study in Greece. Cancer Causes Control 2012. [PMID: 23179662 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-012-0097-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Suburu J, Chen YQ. Lipids and prostate cancer. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2012; 98:1-10. [PMID: 22503963 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2012.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2011] [Revised: 03/13/2012] [Accepted: 03/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The role of lipid metabolism has gained particular interest in prostate cancer research. A large body of literature has outlined the unique upregulation of de novo lipid synthesis in prostate cancer. Concordant with this lipogenic phenotype is a metabolic shift, in which cancer cells use alternative enzymes and pathways to facilitate the production of fatty acids. These newly synthesized lipids may support a number of cellular processes to promote cancer cell proliferation and survival. Hence, de novo lipogenesis is under intense investigation as a therapeutic target. Epidemiologic studies suggest dietary fat may also contribute to prostate cancer; however, whether dietary lipids and de novo synthesized lipids are differentially metabolized remains unclear. Here, we highlight the lipogenic nature of prostate cancer, especially the promotion of de novo lipid synthesis, and the significance of various dietary lipids in prostate cancer development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janel Suburu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
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Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) play important roles in the normal physiology and in pathological states including inflammation and cancer. While much is known about the biosynthesis and biological activities of eicosanoids derived from ω6 PUFA, our understanding of the corresponding ω3 series lipid mediators is still rudimentary. The purpose of this review is not to offer a comprehensive summary of the literature on fatty acids in prostate cancer but rather to highlight some of the areas where key questions remain to be addressed. These include substrate preference and polymorphic variants of enzymes involved in the metabolism of PUFA, the relationship between de novo lipid synthesis and dietary lipid metabolism pathways, the contribution of cyclooxygenases and lipoxygenases as well as terminal synthases and prostanoid receptors in prostate cancer, and the potential role of PUFA in angiogenesis and cell surface receptor signaling.
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Wang S, Wu J, Suburu J, Gu Z, Cai J, Axanova LS, Cramer SD, Thomas MJ, Perry DL, Edwards IJ, Mucci LA, Sinnott JA, Loda MF, Sui G, Berquin IM, Chen YQ. Effect of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids on castration-resistant Pten-null prostate cancer. Carcinogenesis 2011; 33:404-12. [PMID: 22159221 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgr290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A common treatment of advanced prostate cancer involves the deprivation of androgens. Despite the initial response to hormonal therapy, eventually all the patients relapse. In the present study, we sought to determine whether dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) affects the development of castration-resistant prostate cancer. Cell culture, patient tissue microarray, allograft, xenograft, prostate-specific Pten knockout and omega-3 desaturase transgenic mouse models in conjunction with dietary manipulation, gene knockdown and knockout approaches were used to determine the effect of dietary PUFA on castration-resistant Pten-null prostate cancer. We found that deletion of Pten increased androgen receptor (AR) expression and Pten-null prostate cells were castration resistant. Omega-3 PUFA slowed down the growth of castration-resistant tumors as compared with omega-6 PUFA. Omega-3 PUFA decreased AR protein to a similar extent in tumor cell cytosolic and nuclear fractions but had no effect on AR messenger RNA level. Omega-3 PUFA treatment appeared to accelerate AR protein degradation, which could be blocked by proteasome inhibitor MG132. Knockdown of AR significantly slowed down prostate cancer cell proliferation in the absence of androgens. Our data suggest that omega-3 PUFA inhibits castration-resistant prostate cancer in part by accelerating proteasome-dependent degradation of the AR protein. Dietary omega-3 PUFA supplementation in conjunction with androgen ablation may significantly delay the development of castration-resistant prostate cancer in patients compared with androgen ablation alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihua Wang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd., Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
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Wang L, Chen W, Feng Y, Ren Y, Gu Z, Chen H, Wang H, Thomas MJ, Zhang B, Berquin IM, Li Y, Wu J, Zhang H, Song Y, Liu X, Norris JS, Wang S, Du P, Shen J, Wang N, Yang Y, Wang W, Feng L, Ratledge C, Zhang H, Chen YQ. Genome characterization of the oleaginous fungus Mortierella alpina. PLoS One 2011; 6:e28319. [PMID: 22174787 PMCID: PMC3234268 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0028319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2011] [Accepted: 11/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mortierella alpina is an oleaginous fungus which can produce lipids accounting for up to 50% of its dry weight in the form of triacylglycerols. It is used commercially for the production of arachidonic acid. Using a combination of high throughput sequencing and lipid profiling, we have assembled the M. alpina genome, mapped its lipogenesis pathway and determined its major lipid species. The 38.38 Mb M. alpina genome shows a high degree of gene duplications. Approximately 50% of its 12,796 gene models, and 60% of genes in the predicted lipogenesis pathway, belong to multigene families. Notably, M. alpina has 18 lipase genes, of which 11 contain the class 2 lipase domain and may share a similar function. M. alpina's fatty acid synthase is a single polypeptide containing all of the catalytic domains required for fatty acid synthesis from acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA, whereas in many fungi this enzyme is comprised of two polypeptides. Major lipids were profiled to confirm the products predicted in the lipogenesis pathway. M. alpina produces a complex mixture of glycerolipids, glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids. In contrast, only two major sterol lipids, desmosterol and 24(28)-methylene-cholesterol, were detected. Phylogenetic analysis based on genes involved in lipid metabolism suggests that oleaginous fungi may have acquired their lipogenic capacity during evolution after the divergence of Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Chytridiomycota and Mucoromycota. Our study provides the first draft genome and comprehensive lipid profile for M. alpina, and lays the foundation for possible genetic engineering of M. alpina to produce higher levels and diverse contents of dietary lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- TEDA School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Research Center for Functional Genomics and Biochip, Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, TEDA School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Feng
- TEDA School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Research Center for Functional Genomics and Biochip, Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Ren
- TEDA School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhennan Gu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Haiqin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Hongchao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Michael J. Thomas
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Baixi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Isabelle M. Berquin
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Yang Li
- TEDA School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiansheng Wu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Huanxin Zhang
- TEDA School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanda Song
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - James S. Norris
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Suriguga Wang
- TEDA School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Du
- Tianjin Biochip Corporation, Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area, Tianjin, China
| | - Junguo Shen
- Tianjin Biochip Corporation, Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area, Tianjin, China
| | - Na Wang
- Tianjin Biochip Corporation, Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanlin Yang
- Tianjin Biochip Corporation, Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Wang
- TEDA School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Feng
- TEDA School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Research Center for Functional Genomics and Biochip, Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, TEDA School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Colin Ratledge
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Q. Chen
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
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Role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha in the control of cyclooxygenase 2 and vascular endothelial growth factor: involvement in tumor growth. PPAR Res 2011; 2008:352437. [PMID: 18670614 PMCID: PMC2490577 DOI: 10.1155/2008/352437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2008] [Revised: 06/20/2008] [Accepted: 06/24/2008] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence indicates that PPAR (peroxisome
proliferator-activated receptor) α agonists might have therapeutic usefulness in antitumoral therapy by decreasing abnormal cell growth, and reducing tumoral angiogenesis. Most of the anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic properties of PPAR ligands are due to their inhibitory effects on transcription of a variety of genes involved in inflammation, cell growth and angiogenesis. Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are crucial agents in inflammatory and angiogenic processes. They also have been significantly associated to cell proliferation, tumor growth, and metastasis, promoting tumor-associated angiogenesis. Aberrant expression of VEGF and COX-2 has been observed in a variety of tumors, pointing to these proteins as important therapeutic targets in the treatment of pathological angiogenesis and tumor growth. This review summarizes the current understanding of the role of PPARα and its ligands in the regulation of COX-2 and VEGF gene expression in the context of tumor progression.
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Bourke L, Doll H, Crank H, Daley A, Rosario D, Saxton JM. Lifestyle intervention in men with advanced prostate cancer receiving androgen suppression therapy: a feasibility study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2011; 20:647-57. [PMID: 21335510 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-10-1143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthy lifestyle behaviors could have a role in ameliorating some of the adverse effects of androgen suppression therapy (AST) in men with prostate cancer. The primary aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of a tapered supervised exercise program in combination with dietary advice in men with advanced prostate cancer receiving AST. METHODS Advanced prostate cancer patients receiving AST for a minimum of 6 months were randomized to a 12-week lifestyle program comprising aerobic and resistance exercise, plus dietary advice (n = 25), or standard care (n = 25). Exercise behavior, dietary macronutrient intake, quality of life, fatigue, functional fitness, and biomarkers associated with disease progression were assessed at baseline, after the intervention, and at 6 months. RESULTS The lifestyle group showed improvements in exercise behavior (P < 0.001), dietary fat intake (P = 0.001), total energy intake (P = 0.005), fatigue (P = 0.002), aerobic exercise tolerance (P < 0.001), and muscle strength (P = 0.033) compared with standard care controls. Although a high rate of attrition (44%) was observed at 6 months, the improvements in key health outcomes were sustained. No effects on clinical prostate cancer disease markers were observed. CONCLUSIONS This preliminary evidence suggests that pragmatic lifestyle interventions have potential to evoke improvements in exercise and dietary behavior, in addition to other important health outcomes in men with advanced prostate cancer receiving AST. IMPACT This study shows for the first time that pragmatic lifestyle interventions are feasible and could have a positive impact on health behaviors and other key outcomes in men with advanced prostate cancer receiving AST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam Bourke
- Faculty of Health and Wellbeing, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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Mnari Bhouri A, Jrah Harzallah H, Dhibi M, Bouhlel I, Hammami M, Chaouch A. Nutritional fatty acid quality of raw and cooked farmed and wild sea bream (Sparus aurata). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2010; 58:507-512. [PMID: 19911842 DOI: 10.1021/jf902096w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The effects of steaming, grilling, and frying in corn and sunflower oils, respectively, on the fatty acid compositions of farmed and wild sea bream were evaluated. The lipid content increased with frying in both oil types. The maximum moisture value was found in steamed fish (P<0.05). Fried sea bream in corn and sunflower oils contained a lower content of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (P<0.05) (3.87 and 5.32% of total fatty acids (TFA) in farmed fish and 2.96 and 2.14% TFA in wild fish). The n-3/n-6 ratio decreased significantly after cooking, particularly after frying in corn and sunflower oils, respectively: from 2.51 to 0.08 and 0.12 in farmed fish and from 0.94 to 0.06 and 0.04 in wild fish. The trans fatty acid levels remain stable after steaming and grilling, but they were significantly affected by frying. Our results reveal that the cooking process has considerable effect on the fatty acid compositions of farmed and wild sea bream.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Mnari Bhouri
- Laboratory of Physiology, 05/UR-09/05 Physiology and Ecophysiology of Aquatic Organisms, Faculty of Medicine, Monastir, Tunisia
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Rubio-Rodríguez N, Beltrán S, Jaime I, de Diego SM, Sanz MT, Carballido JR. Production of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrates: A review. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2009.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Amira MB, Hanene JH, Madiha D, Imen B, Mohamed H, Abdelhamid C. Effects of frying on the fatty acid composition in farmed and wild gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata). Int J Food Sci Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2009.02110.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Cavalieri D, Calura E, Romualdi C, Marchi E, Radonjic M, Van Ommen B, Müller M. Filling gaps in PPAR-alpha signaling through comparative nutrigenomics analysis. BMC Genomics 2009; 10:596. [PMID: 20003344 PMCID: PMC2801700 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-10-596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2009] [Accepted: 12/11/2009] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The application of high-throughput genomic tools in nutrition research is a widespread practice. However, it is becoming increasingly clear that the outcome of individual expression studies is insufficient for the comprehensive understanding of such a complex field. Currently, the availability of the large amounts of expression data in public repositories has opened up new challenges on microarray data analyses. We have focused on PPARα, a ligand-activated transcription factor functioning as fatty acid sensor controlling the gene expression regulation of a large set of genes in various metabolic organs such as liver, small intestine or heart. The function of PPARα is strictly connected to the function of its target genes and, although many of these have already been identified, major elements of its physiological function remain to be uncovered. To further investigate the function of PPARα, we have applied a cross-species meta-analysis approach to integrate sixteen microarray datasets studying high fat diet and PPARα signal perturbations in different organisms. Results We identified 164 genes (MDEGs) that were differentially expressed in a constant way in response to a high fat diet or to perturbations in PPARs signalling. In particular, we found five genes in yeast which were highly conserved and homologous of PPARα targets in mammals, potential candidates to be used as models for the equivalent mammalian genes. Moreover, a screening of the MDEGs for all known transcription factor binding sites and the comparison with a human genome-wide screening of Peroxisome Proliferating Response Elements (PPRE), enabled us to identify, 20 new potential candidate genes that show, both binding site, both change in expression in the condition studied. Lastly, we found a non random localization of the differentially expressed genes in the genome. Conclusion The results presented are potentially of great interest to resume the currently available expression data, exploiting the power of in silico analysis filtered by evolutionary conservation. The analysis enabled us to indicate potential gene candidates that could fill in the gaps with regards to the signalling of PPARα and, moreover, the non-random localization of the differentially expressed genes in the genome, suggest that epigenetic mechanisms are of importance in the regulation of the transcription operated by PPARα.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duccio Cavalieri
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy.
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Dimri M, Bommi PV, Sahasrabuddhe AA, Khandekar JD, Dimri GP. Dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids suppress expression of EZH2 in breast cancer cells. Carcinogenesis 2009; 31:489-95. [PMID: 19969553 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgp305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The polycomb group (PcG) protein, enhancer of zeste homologue 2 (EZH2), is overexpressed in several human malignancies including breast cancer. Aberrant expression of EZH2 has been associated with metastasis and poor prognosis in cancer patients. Despite the clear role of EZH2 in oncogenesis and therapy failure, not much is known about chemotherapeutics and chemopreventive agents that can suppress its expression and activity. Here, we show that dietary omega-3 (omega-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) can regulate the expression of EZH2 in breast cancer cells. The treatment of breast cancer cells with omega-3 PUFAs, but not omega-6 PUFAs, led to downregulation of EZH2. Studies using proteosome inhibitor MG132 suggested that omega-3 PUFAs induce degradation of the PcG protein EZH2 through posttranslational mechanisms. Furthermore, downregulation of EZH2 by omega-3 PUFAs was accompanied by a decrease in histone 3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) activity of EZH2 and upregulation of E-cadherin and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3, which are known targets of EZH2. Treatment with omega-3 PUFAs also led to decrease in invasion of breast cancer cells, an oncogenic phenotype that is known to be associated with EZH2. Thus, our studies suggest that the PcG protein EZH2 is an important target of omega-3 PUFAs and that downregulation of EZH2 may be involved in the mediation of anti-oncogenic and chemopreventive effects of omega-3 PUFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjari Dimri
- Department of Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem Research Institute, 1001 University Place, Evanston, IL 60201, USA
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Ogino S, Shima K, Baba Y, Nosho K, Irahara N, Kure S, Chen L, Toyoda S, Kirkner GJ, Wang YL, Giovannucci EL, Fuchs CS. Colorectal cancer expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG, PPARgamma) is associated with good prognosis. Gastroenterology 2009; 136:1242-50. [PMID: 19186181 PMCID: PMC2663601 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2008.12.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2008] [Revised: 12/03/2008] [Accepted: 12/18/2008] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG, PPARgamma) is a nuclear receptor that regulates expression of mediators of lipid metabolism and the inflammatory response. There is controversy over the pro-oncogenic or antioncogenic effects of PPARG, and little is known about its prognostic significance in colon cancer. METHODS Among 470 patients with colorectal cancer (stages I-IV) identified in 2 independent prospective cohorts, PPARG expression was detected in 102 tumors (22%) by immunohistochemistry. Cox proportional hazards models were used to compute hazard ratios (HRs) of colorectal cancer-specific and overall mortalities, adjusted for patient characteristics and molecular features including cyclooxygenase 2, fatty acid synthase, KRAS, BRAF, PIK3CA, p53, p21, beta-catenin, LINE-1 hypomethylation, microsatellite instability (MSI), and the CpG island methylation phenotype (CIMP). RESULTS Compared with patients with PPARG-negative tumors, patients with PPARG-positive tumors had significantly lower overall mortality, determined by Kaplan-Meier analysis (P=.0047), univariate Cox regression (HR, 0.55; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.37-0.84; P=.0053), and multivariate analysis (adjusted HR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.27-0.69; P=.0004). Patients with PPARG-positive tumors experienced lower colorectal cancer-specific mortality (adjusted HR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.25-0.79; P=.0054). The relationship between PPARG and lower mortality did not appear to be significantly modified by MSI, CIMP, LINE-1, or the other clinical and molecular variables examined (all P(interaction)>.05). CONCLUSIONS Tumor expression of PPARG is independently associated with longer survival of patients. PPARG expression appears to mark an indolent subset of colorectal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuji Ogino
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, and Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
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Kervizic G, Corcos L. Dynamical modeling of the cholesterol regulatory pathway with Boolean networks. BMC SYSTEMS BIOLOGY 2008; 2:99. [PMID: 19025648 PMCID: PMC2612667 DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-2-99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2008] [Accepted: 11/24/2008] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Qualitative dynamics of small gene regulatory networks have been studied in quite some details both with synchronous and asynchronous analysis. However, both methods have their drawbacks: synchronous analysis leads to spurious attractors and asynchronous analysis lacks computational efficiency, which is a problem to simulate large networks. We addressed this question through the analysis of a major biosynthesis pathway. Indeed the cholesterol synthesis pathway plays a pivotal role in dislypidemia and, ultimately, in cancer through intermediates such as mevalonate, farnesyl pyrophosphate and geranyl geranyl pyrophosphate, but no dynamic model of this pathway has been proposed until now. RESULTS We set up a computational framework to dynamically analyze large biological networks. This framework associates a classical and computationally efficient synchronous Boolean analysis with a newly introduced method based on Markov chains, which identifies spurious cycles among the results of the synchronous simulation. Based on this method, we present here the results of the analysis of the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway and its physiological regulation by the Sterol Response Element Binding Proteins (SREBPs), as well as the modeling of the action of statins, inhibitor drugs, on this pathway. The in silico experiments show the blockade of the cholesterol endogenous synthesis by statins and its regulation by SREPBs, in full agreement with the known biochemical features of the pathway. CONCLUSION We believe that the method described here to identify spurious cycles opens new routes to compute large and biologically relevant models, thanks to the computational efficiency of synchronous simulation. Furthermore, to the best of our knowledge, we present here the first dynamic systems biology model of the human cholesterol pathway and several of its key regulatory control elements, hoping it would provide a good basis to perform in silico experiments and confront the resulting properties with published and experimental data. The model of the cholesterol pathway and its regulation, along with Boolean formulae used for simulation are available on our web site http://Bioinformaticsu613.free.fr. Graphical results of the simulation are also shown online. The SBML model is available in the BioModels database http://www.ebi.ac.uk/biomodels/ with submission ID: MODEL0568648427.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwenael Kervizic
- Inserm U613, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, FRANCE.
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Ogino S, Nosho K, Meyerhardt JA, Kirkner GJ, Chan AT, Kawasaki T, Giovannucci EL, Loda M, Fuchs CS. Cohort study of fatty acid synthase expression and patient survival in colon cancer. J Clin Oncol 2008; 26:5713-20. [PMID: 18955444 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.18.2675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Energy balance seems to be important in the pathogenesis of colon cancer. Fatty acid synthase (FASN) is physiologically regulated by energy balance and is often upregulated in colorectal cancer. Nonetheless, the influence of FASN expression on patient outcome is uncertain. PATIENTS AND METHODS Using the database of 647 patients with colon cancer in two independent cohort studies, FASN overexpression was detected in 84 tumors (13%) by immunohistochemistry. Cox proportional hazards models calculated hazard ratios (HRs) of colon cancer-specific and overall mortalities, adjusted for patient characteristics and related tumoral features, including KRAS, BRAF, p53, microsatellite instability and the CpG island methylation phenotype. RESULTS There were 279 deaths, including 160 colon cancer-specific deaths. FASN overexpression was associated with a significant reduction in colon cancer-specific mortality by both univariate and multivariate analyses (adjusted HR, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.19 to 0.89) and an insignificant trend toward improved overall mortality (adjusted HR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.50 to 1.13). Notably, the effect of FASN expression on mortality might be different according to body mass index (BMI; P(interaction) = .019); the adjusted HR of overall mortality for FASN overexpression was 0.63 (95% CI, 0.39 to 1.02) among patients with BMI less than 27.5 kg/m(2) and 2.91 (95% CI, 1.19 to 7.12) among those with BMI >or= 27.5 kg/m(2). Moreover, the adverse effect of moderate overweight/obesity on overall survival was limited to FASN-positive tumors (adjusted HR, 4.10; 95% CI, 1.14 to 14.8; BMI >or= 27.5 kg/m(2) v < 27.5 kg/m(2)). CONCLUSION Among nonobese patients with colon cancer, tumoral FASN overexpression is associated with improved survival, whereas among moderately overweight or obese patients (BMI >or= 27.5 kg/m(2)), FASN overexpression may predict a worse outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuji Ogino
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Berquin IM, Edwards IJ, Chen YQ. Multi-targeted therapy of cancer by omega-3 fatty acids. Cancer Lett 2008; 269:363-77. [PMID: 18479809 PMCID: PMC2572135 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2008.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 278] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2008] [Revised: 01/15/2008] [Accepted: 03/28/2008] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Omega-3 (n-3) and omega-6 (n-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are essential fatty acids necessary for human health. Currently, the Western diet contains a disproportionally high amount of n-6 PUFAs and low amount of n-3 PUFAs, and the resulting high n-6/n-3 ratio is thought to contribute to cardiovascular disease, inflammation, and cancer. Studies in human populations have linked high consumption of fish or fish oil to reduced risk of colon, prostate, and breast cancer, although other studies failed to find a significant association. Nonetheless, the available epidemiological evidence, combined with the demonstrated effects of n-3 PUFAs on cancer in animal and cell culture models, has motivated the development of clinical interventions using n-3 PUFAs in the prevention and treatment of cancer, as well as for nutritional support of cancer patients to reduce weight loss and modulate the immune system. In this review, we discuss the rationale for using long-chain n-3 PUFAs in cancer prevention and treatment and the challenges that such approaches pose in the design of clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle M. Berquin
- Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
- Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Iris J. Edwards
- Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Yong Q. Chen
- Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
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Abstract
Bile acids (BAs) have a long established role in fat digestion in the intestine by acting as tensioactives, due to their amphipathic characteristics. BAs are reabsorbed very efficiently by the intestinal epithelium and recycled back to the liver via transport mechanisms that have been largely elucidated. The transport and synthesis of BAs are tightly regulated in part by specific plasma membrane receptors and nuclear receptors. In addition to their primary effect, BAs have been claimed to play a role in gastrointestinal cancer, intestinal inflammation and intestinal ionic transport. BAs are not equivalent in any of these biological activities, and structural requirements have been generally identified. In particular, some BAs may be useful for cancer chemoprevention and perhaps in inflammatory bowel disease, although further research is necessary in this field. This review covers the most recent developments in these aspects of BA intestinal biology.
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