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Mehrab Mohseni M, Zamani H, Momeni M, Shirvani-Farsani Z. An update on the molecular mechanisms of ZFAS1 as a prognostic, diagnostic, or therapeutic biomarker in cancers. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:219. [PMID: 38856786 PMCID: PMC11164845 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01078-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Zinc finger antisense 1 (ZFAS1), a newly discovered long noncoding RNA, is expressed in various tissues and organs and has been introduced an oncogenic gene in human malignancies. In various cancers, ZFAS1 regulates apoptosis, cell proliferation, the cell cycle, migration, translation, rRNA processing, and spliceosomal snRNP assembly; targets signaling cascades; and interacts with transcription factors via binding to key proteins and miRNAs, with conflicting findings on its effect on these processes. ZFAS1 is elevated in different types of cancer, like colorectal, colon, osteosarcoma, and gastric cancer. Considering the ZFAS1 expression pattern, it also has the potential to be a diagnostic or prognostic marker in various cancers. The current review discusses the mode of action of ZFAS1 in various human cancers and its regulation function related to chemoresistance comprehensively, as well as the potential role of ZFAS1 as an effective and noninvasive cancer-specific biomarker in tumor diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. We expected that the current review could fill the current scientific gaps in the ZFAS1-related cancer causative mechanisms and improve available biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdieh Mehrab Mohseni
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, IR, Iran
| | - Hedyeh Zamani
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, IR, Iran
| | - Mina Momeni
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, IR, Iran
| | - Zeinab Shirvani-Farsani
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, IR, Iran.
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Sonobe R, Yang P, Suzuki MM, Shinjo K, Iijima K, Nishiyama N, Miyata K, Kataoka K, Kajiyama H, Kondo Y. Long noncoding RNA TUG1 promotes cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer via upregulation of DNA polymerase eta. Cancer Sci 2024; 115:1910-1923. [PMID: 38558246 PMCID: PMC11145130 DOI: 10.1111/cas.16150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemoresistance is a major cause of high mortality and poor survival in patients with ovarian cancer (OVCA). Understanding the mechanisms of chemoresistance is urgently required to develop effective therapeutic approaches to OVCA. Here, we show that expression of the long noncoding RNA, taurine upregulated gene 1 (TUG1), is markedly upregulated in samples from OVCA patients who developed resistance to primary platinum-based therapy. Depletion of TUG1 increased sensitivity to cisplatin in the OVCA cell lines, SKOV3 and KURAMOCHI. Combination therapy of cisplatin with antisense oligonucleotides targeting TUG1 coupled with a drug delivery system effectively relieved the tumor burden in xenograft mouse models. Mechanistically, TUG1 acts as a competing endogenous RNA by downregulating miR-4687-3p and miR-6088, both of which target DNA polymerase eta (POLH), an enzyme required for translesion DNA synthesis. Overexpression of POLH reversed the effect of TUG1 depletion on cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity. Our data suggest that TUG1 upregulation allows OVCA to tolerate DNA damage via upregulation of POLH; this provides a strong rationale for targeting TUG1 to overcome cisplatin resistance in OVCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Sonobe
- Division of Cancer BiologyNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaAichiJapan
| | - Peng Yang
- Division of Cancer BiologyNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaAichiJapan
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaAichiJapan
- Fourth Department of Gynecologic OncologyHunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Miho M. Suzuki
- Division of Cancer BiologyNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaAichiJapan
| | - Keiko Shinjo
- Division of Cancer BiologyNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaAichiJapan
| | - Kenta Iijima
- Division of Cancer BiologyNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaAichiJapan
| | - Nobuhiro Nishiyama
- Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and TechnologyTokyo Institute of TechnologyYokohamaKanagawaJapan
- Innovation Center of Nanomedicine (iCONM)Kawasaki Institute of Industrial PromotionKawasakiKanagawaJapan
| | - Kanjiro Miyata
- Department of Materials Engineering, Graduate School of EngineeringThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Kazunori Kataoka
- Innovation Center of Nanomedicine (iCONM)Kawasaki Institute of Industrial PromotionKawasakiKanagawaJapan
| | - Hiroaki Kajiyama
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaAichiJapan
| | - Yutaka Kondo
- Division of Cancer BiologyNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaAichiJapan
- Institute for Glyco‐core Research (iGCORE), Nagoya UniversityNagoyaAichiJapan
- Center for One Medicine Innovative Translational Research (COMIT)Nagoya UniversityNagoyaAichiJapan
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3
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Malgundkar SH, Tamimi Y. The pivotal role of long non-coding RNAs as potential biomarkers and modulators of chemoresistance in ovarian cancer (OC). Hum Genet 2024; 143:107-124. [PMID: 38276976 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-023-02635-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is a fatal gynecological disease that is often diagnosed at later stages due to its asymptomatic nature and the absence of efficient early-stage biomarkers. Previous studies have identified genes with abnormal expression in OC that couldn't be explained by methylation or mutation, indicating alternative mechanisms of gene regulation. Recent advances in human transcriptome studies have led to research on non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) as regulators of cancer gene expression. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), a class of ncRNAs with a length greater than 200 nucleotides, have been identified as crucial regulators of physiological processes and human diseases, including cancer. Dysregulated lncRNA expression has also been found to play a crucial role in ovarian carcinogenesis, indicating their potential as novel and non-invasive biomarkers for improving OC management. However, despite the discovery of several thousand lncRNAs, only one has been approved for clinical use as a biomarker in cancer, highlighting the importance of further research in this field. In addition to their potential as biomarkers, lncRNAs have been implicated in modulating chemoresistance, a major problem in OC. Several studies have identified altered lncRNA expression upon drug treatment, further emphasizing their potential to modulate chemoresistance. In this review, we highlight the characteristics of lncRNAs, their function, and their potential to serve as tumor markers in OC. We also discuss a few databases providing detailed information on lncRNAs in various cancer types. Despite the promising potential of lncRNAs, further research is necessary to fully understand their role in cancer and develop effective strategies to combat this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shika Hanif Malgundkar
- Biochemistry Department, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, PC 123, PO Box 35, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Yahya Tamimi
- Biochemistry Department, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, PC 123, PO Box 35, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman.
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4
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Ao YQ, Gao J, Jiang JH, Wang HK, Wang S, Ding JY. Comprehensive landscape and future perspective of long noncoding RNAs in non-small cell lung cancer: it takes a village. Mol Ther 2023; 31:3389-3413. [PMID: 37740493 PMCID: PMC10727995 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a distinct subtype of RNA that lack protein-coding capacity but exert significant influence on various cellular processes. In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), dysregulated lncRNAs act as either oncogenes or tumor suppressors, contributing to tumorigenesis and tumor progression. LncRNAs directly modulate gene expression, act as competitive endogenous RNAs by interacting with microRNAs or proteins, and associate with RNA binding proteins. Moreover, lncRNAs can reshape the tumor immune microenvironment and influence cellular metabolism, cancer cell stemness, and angiogenesis by engaging various signaling pathways. Notably, lncRNAs have shown great potential as diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers in liquid biopsies and therapeutic strategies for NSCLC. This comprehensive review elucidates the significant roles and diverse mechanisms of lncRNAs in NSCLC. Furthermore, we provide insights into the clinical relevance, current research progress, limitations, innovative research approaches, and future perspectives for targeting lncRNAs in NSCLC. By summarizing the existing knowledge and advancements, we aim to enhance the understanding of the pivotal roles played by lncRNAs in NSCLC and stimulate further research in this field. Ultimately, unraveling the complex network of lncRNA-mediated regulatory mechanisms in NSCLC could potentially lead to the development of novel diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Qiang Ao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Hao Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai-Kun Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institute Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jian-Yong Ding
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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5
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Aswathy R, Sumathi S. Defining new biomarkers for overcoming therapeutical resistance in cervical cancer using lncRNA. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:10445-10460. [PMID: 37878205 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08864-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Despite improvements in cervical cancer diagnosis and treatment, the prognosis for cervical cancer patients remains dismal due to the development of drug resistance, metastasis, and invasion resulting leading to treatment failure. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), a class of RNA transcripts have been reported in mediating carcinogenesis as well as drug, and radio-resistance in tumor cells. These lncRNAs regulate various cancer hallmarks and contribute to the development of therapeutic resistance. They regulates multiple signalling pathways, recruits polycomb group, function as miRNA sponge and scaffolds. Additionally, lncRNAs can act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors in cervical cancer. This comprehensive review outlines the biogenesis of lncRNA and its role in cancer development. It delves into the mechanisms through which various lncRNAs mediate chemoresistance and radioresistance in cervical cancer. By shedding into the light of mechanism, this review will also aids researchers in understanding lncRNAs as biomarkers and latest advancements in clinically targeting them with the help of Artificial Intelligence for overcoming chemoresistance and radioresistance, thereby improving cervical cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghu Aswathy
- Department of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Bharathi Park Rd, near Forest College Campus, Saibaba Colony, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641043, India
| | - Sundaravadivelu Sumathi
- Department of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Avinashilingam University for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Bharathi Park Rd, near Forest College Campus, Saibaba Colony, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641043, India.
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Song M, Ma L, Shen C, Liu W, Zhang P, Bi R, Zhao C. FGD5-AS1/miR-5590-3p/PINK1 induces Lenvatinib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell Signal 2023; 111:110828. [PMID: 37517671 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lenvatinib is a common systemic treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the resistance to which presents a great challenge. However, the mechanism of lenvatinib resistance in HCC remains unclear. Therefore, elucidating the underlying and key regulatory molecular mechanisms of lenvatinib resistance is urgently needed. METHODS Bioinformatic enrichment analysis was used to investigate the gene associated with lenvatinib resistance. RT-PCR, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and luciferase assays were used to explore the mechanisms of lenvatinib resistance. The effects of the FGD5-AS1/miR-5590-3p/PINK1 axis on lenvatinib resistance were evaluated by colony formation assay, cell viability, apoptosis, mitochondrial homeostasis, and morphology analyses. RESULTS Higher expression of PINK1 was observed in lenvatinib-resistant cells and tissues. PINK1 could be activated by increased FGD5-AS1 expression, thereby maintaining the mitochondrial structure and function and promoting the antioxidative stress response. FGD5-AS1/miR-5590-3p showed competitive regulation of PINK1, which affected lenvatinib sensitivity through regulation of mitochondrial structure and antioxidative stress. CONCLUSIONS PINK1 was identified as a key gene leading to lenvatinib resistance by maintaining the mitochondrial structure and function. The FGD5-AS1/miR-5590-3p/PINK1 axis may be a promising strategy to overcome lenvatinib resistance in treatment-negative patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meifang Song
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Luyuan Ma
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Chuan Shen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Wenpeng Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Ranran Bi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Caiyan Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, China.
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7
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Miao X, Xi W, Bao Y. LncRNA RP11-58O9.2 predicts poor prognosis and promotes progression of non-small cell lung cancer. J Int Med Res 2023; 51:3000605231206295. [PMID: 37871619 PMCID: PMC10594974 DOI: 10.1177/03000605231206295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a crucial role in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study aimed to investigate the novel biomarker, lncRNA RP11-58O9.2, in patients with NSCLC. METHODS RP11-58O9.2 expression in NSCLC cells and tissues was detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Patient survival was analyzed in relation to RP11-58O9.2 expression levels. RP11-58O9.2 expression was knocked down and endogenous expression was verified in two NSCLC cell lines. Cell proliferation was then assessed by Cell Counting Kit-8 and colony-formation assays, and cell invasion and migration were assessed by Transwell and wound-healing assays, respectively. In vivo experiments were performed in mice, and the combination of RP11-58O9.2 and miR-6749-3p was predicted by miRanda. RESULTS RP11-58O9.2 was highly expressed in NSCLC cell lines and tissues, and was associated with advanced stage, lymphatic metastasis, and differentiation group. High RP11-58O9.2 levels were also associated with shorter survival. RP11-58O9.2 knockdown inhibited the proliferation, invasion, and migration of lung cancer cells, and tumor growth in mouse xenografts in vivo. RP11-58O9.2 may target and regulate miR-6749-3p. CONCLUSIONS LncRNA RP11-58O9.2 is associated with NSCLC prognosis and promotes lung cancer progression. Further studies are needed to investigate the mechanisms and the regulatory association between RP11-58O9.2 and miR-6749-3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Miao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wen Xi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yongxia Bao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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8
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Liu Y, Zhang H, Hu D, Liu S. New algorithms based on autophagy-related lncRNAs pairs to predict the prognosis of skin cutaneous melanoma patients. Arch Dermatol Res 2023; 315:1511-1526. [PMID: 36624362 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-022-02522-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) is the most malignant skin tumor for it is enormously easy to develop invasion and metastasis. Autophagy is a process by which cellular material is degraded by lysosomes or vacuoles and recycled. Autophagy-related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been thought to correlate with SKCM. This study aims to explore the prognostic significance of autophagy-related lncRNAs and establish a prognostic model of autophagy-related lncRNA pairs in SKCM. Firstly, the RNA-seq data and related clinical information were downloaded from the TCGA database. 446 qualified samples were enrolled. 222 autophagy-related genes were obtained from the HADb database. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to identify autophagy-related lncRNAs (ARLs). After that, we obtained prognosis-related ARLs and autophagy-related lncRNA pairs (ARLPs). Using Lasso-Cox regression analysis, an autophagy-related lncRNA-pair prognostic signature was established. The accuracy of the signature were confirmed through a series of validations in terms of mutation profiles, immunity infiltration, and cellular pathways. And we used the random forest method to find USP30-AS1 as a key mediating factor in SKCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyao Liu
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Haoxue Zhang
- Department of Dermatovenerology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Ministry of Education, Hefei , Anhui Province, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Delin Hu
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China.
| | - Shengxiu Liu
- Department of Dermatovenerology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China.
- Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Ministry of Education, Hefei , Anhui Province, China.
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China.
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Sang W, Zhu R, Liu D, Gong M. LncRNA SPRY4‑IT1 is upregulated and promotes the proliferation of prostate cancer cells under hypoxia in vitro. Oncol Lett 2023; 25:138. [PMID: 36909367 PMCID: PMC9996607 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.13724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence and mortality rate of prostate cancer are among the highest for all cancers worldwide; this disease has a high cancer mortality rate in males, following lung cancer. Sprouty4-intron 1 (SPRY4-IT1) has been shown to play a variety of roles in tumors. Our previous study demonstrated that SPRY4-IT1 sponges microRNA-101-3p to promote the proliferation and metastasis of bladder cancer cells by upregulating enhancer of zeste homolog 2 expression; however, the role of SPRY4-IT1 in prostate cancer has not been fully established. In the present study, the expression levels, effects and mechanism of action of SPRY4-IT1 were investigated in prostate cancer tissues and cell lines using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, western blotting, Cell Counting Kit-8 and flow cytometry assays. The results indicated that SPRY4-IT1 expression was upregulated in prostate cancer tissues and cell lines. Furthermore, hypoxia increased the expression levels of SPRY4-IT1 in prostate cancer cells. Knockdown of SPRY4-IT1 expression led to S-phase arrest, decreased expression levels of the cell cycle-associated proteins CDK2 and cyclin D1. AKT phosphorylation was also reduced by SPRY4-IT1 knockdown. In summary, the findings indicate the elevation of SPRY4-IT1 expression in prostate cancer. Under hypoxic conditions in vitro, SPRY4-IT1 overexpression promoted prostate cancer cell proliferation via a mechanism involving regulation of the cell cycle and the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Therefore, it may provide a basis for the development of targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weicong Sang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, P.R. China
| | - Rujian Zhu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, P.R. China
| | - Dong Liu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, P.R. China
| | - Min Gong
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, P.R. China
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Hussain SA, Venkatesh T. YBX1/lncRNA SBF2-AS1 interaction regulates proliferation and tamoxifen sensitivity via PI3K/AKT/MTOR signaling in breast cancer cells. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:3413-3428. [PMID: 36754932 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08308-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Y-box binding protein 1 (YBX1) is a multifunctional oncoprotein that can interact with several long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) to regulate metastasis in malignancies including breast cancer (BC). In the present study, we demonstrated the association of YBX1 with oncogenic lncRNA SBF2-AS1 (SET-binding factor 2 antisense RNA 1) via PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling to regulate BC cell proliferation. We further explored the involvement of the YBX1/SBF2-AS1/PI3K/AKT/mTOR axis in the restoration of tamoxifen (TAM) sensitivity. METHODS AND RESULTS YBX1-SBF2-AS1 association was predicted in silico and verified by RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP)-qPCR assay. Transfection experiments, Real-time RT PCR, Western blots, Phospho AKT/mTOR antibody array kit, and cell proliferation/apoptosis assays were employed to detect the YBX1/SBF2-AS1/ PI3K/AKT/mTOR axis and its effects upon TAM treatment in vitro. We identified that the YBX1 protein specifically binds to lncRNA SBF2-AS1. Our transfection experiments in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468 cells with SBF2-AS1 silenced or overexpressed YBX1 plasmids, and their negative controls revealed that YBX1 regulates the expression of SBF2-AS1 by forming a positive feedback loop for its activation. We further demonstrated YBX1-SBF2-AS1 association exerts its effects on cell proliferation via PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Furthermore, we observed an increase in TAM sensitivity in BC cells after the knockdown of YBX1-SBF2-AS1 marked by decreased cell proliferation through disruption of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR axis. CONCLUSION Our study has identified a novel YBX1/SBF2-AS1/PI3K/AKT/mTOR regulatory axis which may serve as a potential target to improve the effectiveness and efficacy of TAM treatment in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaharbhanu A Hussain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod, Kerala, 671316, India
| | - Thejaswini Venkatesh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod, Kerala, 671316, India.
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11
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Long Noncoding RNA: A Novel Insight into the Pathogenesis of Acute Lung Injury. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12020604. [PMID: 36675533 PMCID: PMC9861694 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12020604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) and its severe form, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), represent an acute stage of lung inflammation where the alveolar epithelium loses its functionality. ALI has a devastating impact on the population as it not only has a high rate of incidence, but also has high rates of morbidity and mortality. Due to the involvement of multiple factors, the pathogenesis of ALI is complex and is not fully understood yet. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a group of non-protein-coding transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides. Growing evidence has shown that lncRNAs have a decisive role in the pathogenesis of ALI. LncRNAs can either promote or hinder the development of ALI in various cell types in the lungs. Mechanistically, current studies have found that lncRNAs play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of ALI via the regulation of small RNAs (e.g., microRNAs) or downstream proteins. Undoubtedly, lncRNAs not only have the potential to reveal the underlying mechanisms of ALI pathogenesis but also serve as diagnostic and therapeutic targets for the therapy of ALI.
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12
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Zhou D, Wang J, Liu X. Development of six immune-related lncRNA signature prognostic model for smoking-positive lung adenocarcinoma. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24467. [PMID: 35561270 PMCID: PMC9169227 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smoking is one of the most hazardous risk factors for the development of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Many survival and prognosis-related biomarkers were discovered using database mining. However, the precision of immune-related long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) predictions is insufficient. We identified a novel signature to improve the estimate of smoking-related LUAD prognosis. METHODS The Cancer Genome Atlas database (TCGA) was used to obtain the LUAD lncRNA expression profiles. The smoking-related LUAD cohort was randomly split into discovery and validation cohorts. To determine the risk score, use the LASSO Cox regression technique on the prognostic immune-related lncRNA. The risk signature has been developed. RESULTS A total of 643 immune-related lncRNAs were identified as potential candidates for a risk signature. Finally, six immune-related lncRNAs (AL359915.2, AP000695.1, HSPC324, TGFB2-AS1, AC026355.1, and AC002128.2) were identified and used to carry out risk signature, which showed a close association with overall survival in the discovery cohort. We classified patients as high risk or low risk based on a median risk score of 1.0783. In the discovery cohort, overall survival was marginally longer in the low-risk group than in the high-risk category (p = 2.28e08). The area under the curves (AUC) for 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival was 0.67, 0.7, and 0.82, respectively. Furthermore, we successfully validated and combined cohorts using this risk profile. We discovered a strong positive connection between HSPC324 and VIPR1 as a possible novel biomarker for smoking-related LUAD development in our study. CONCLUSIONS Our research has established a six immune-lncRNA signature that may be used to predict the prognosis of smoking-related LUAD with great accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dajie Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory CenterYantai Yuhuangding HospitalYantaiChina
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory CenterYantai Yuhuangding HospitalYantaiChina
| | - Xiangdong Liu
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryShandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityJinanChina
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Si L, Yang Z, Ding L, Zhang D. Regulatory effects of lncRNAs and miRNAs on the crosstalk between autophagy and EMT in cancer: a new era for cancer treatment. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022; 148:547-564. [PMID: 35083552 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-021-03892-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Autophagy and EMT (epithelial-mesenchymal transition) are the two principal biological processes and ideal therapeutic targets during cancer development. Autophagy, a highly conserved process for degrading dysfunctional cellular components, plays a dual role in tumors depending on the tumor stage and tissue types. The EMT process is the transition differentiation from an epithelial cell to a mesenchymal-like cell and acquiring metastatic potential. There is evidence that the crosstalk between autophagy and EMT is complex in cancer. In recent years, more studies have shown that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in autophagy, EMT, and their crosstalk. Therefore, accurate understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of lncRNAs and miRNAs in autophagy, EMT and their interactions is crucial for the clinical management of cancers. METHODS An extensive literature search was conducted on the Google Scholar and PubMed databases. The keywords used for the search included: autophagy, EMT, crosstalk, lncRNAs, miRNAs, cancers, diagnostic biomarkers, and therapeutic targets. This search provided relevant articles published in peer-reviewed journals until 2021. Data from these various studies were extracted and used in this review. RESULTS The results showed that lncRNAs/miRNAs as tumor inhibitors or tumor inducers could regulate autophagy, EMT, and their interaction by regulating several molecular signaling pathways. The lncRNAs/miRNAs involved in autophagy and EMT processes could have potential uses in cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy. CONCLUSION Such information could help find and develop lncRNAs/miRNAs based new tools for diagnosing, prognosis, and creating anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Si
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Zecheng Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China.
| | - Lu Ding
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Duoduo Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, Jilin Province, China
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14
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Banerjee R, Smith J, Eccles MR, Weeks RJ, Chatterjee A. Epigenetic basis and targeting of cancer metastasis. Trends Cancer 2021; 8:226-241. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2021.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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15
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Hobani YH. Focally amplified long non-coding RNA in epithelial cancer as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target. Biomark Med 2021; 15:1797-1808. [PMID: 34821156 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2021-0455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Deregulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) has been implicated in tumorigenesis. FALEC is a lncRNA upregulated in multiple cancer types. FALEC functions as an oncogene through various mechanisms, such as competitively binding miRNAs and regulation of PI3K/AKT, Tp53 and phosphatase and tensin homolog signaling pathways. Pertinent to clinical practice, the use of FALEC as a putative biomarker has been identified. These findings suggested that FALEC might play a pivotal role in human cancers. Further studies are warranted to examine the diagnostic and prognostic performance of FALEC as a noninvasive biomarker in liquid biopsy samples and promote its development to be a clinically utilizable prognostic cancer biomarker and molecular therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahya H Hobani
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Ramos A, Sadeghi S, Tabatabaeian H. Battling Chemoresistance in Cancer: Root Causes and Strategies to Uproot Them. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9451. [PMID: 34502361 PMCID: PMC8430957 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
With nearly 10 million deaths, cancer is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Along with major key parameters that control cancer treatment management, such as diagnosis, resistance to the classical and new chemotherapeutic reagents continues to be a significant problem. Intrinsic or acquired chemoresistance leads to cancer recurrence in many cases that eventually causes failure in the successful treatment and death of cancer patients. Various determinants, including tumor heterogeneity and tumor microenvironment, could cause chemoresistance through a diverse range of mechanisms. In this review, we summarize the key determinants and the underlying mechanisms by which chemoresistance appears. We then describe which strategies have been implemented and studied to combat such a lethal phenomenon in the management of cancer treatment, with emphasis on the need to improve the early diagnosis of cancer complemented by combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisha Ramos
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117545, Singapore;
| | - Samira Sadeghi
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore;
- Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138672, Singapore
| | - Hossein Tabatabaeian
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
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LncRNA as a multifunctional regulator in cancer multi-drug resistance. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:1-15. [PMID: 34333735 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06603-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malignant tumors have become the most dangerous disease in recent years. Chemotherapy is the most effective treatment for this disease; however, the problem of drug resistance has become even more common, which leads to the poor prognosis of patients suffering from cancers. Thus, necessary measures should be taken to address these problems at the earliest. Many studies have demonstrated that drug resistance is closely related to the abnormal expressions of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). METHODS AND RESULTS This review aimed to summarize the molecular mechanisms underlying the association of lncRNAs and the development of drug resistance and to find potential strategies for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of cancer drug resistance. Studies showed that lncRNAs can regulate the expression of genes through chromatin remodeling, transcriptional regulation, and post-transcriptional processing. Furthermore, lncRNAs have been reported to be closely related to the occurrence of malignant tumors. In summary, lncRNAs have gained attention in related fields during recent years. According to previous studies, lncRNAs have a vital role in several different types of cancers owing to their multiple mechanisms of action. Different mechanisms have different functions that could result in different consequences in the same disease. CONCLUSIONS LncRNAs closely participated in cancer drug resistance by regulating miRNA, signaling pathways, proteins, cancer stem cells, pro- and ant-apoptosis, and autophagy. lncRNAs can be used as biomarkers of the possible treatment target in chemotherapy, which could provide solutions to the problem of drug resistance in chemotherapy in the future.
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Elevated LINC00909 Promotes Tumor Progression of Ovarian Cancer via Regulating the miR-23b-3p/MRC2 Axis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:5574130. [PMID: 34336102 PMCID: PMC8318762 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5574130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC), the third common gynecologic malignancy, contributes to the most cancer-caused mortality in women. However, 70% of patients with OC are diagnosed at an advanced stage, of which the 5-year survival is less than 30%. Long noncoding RNAs (long ncRNAs or lncRNA), a type of RNA with exceeding 200 nucleotides in length but no protein-coding capability, have been demonstrated to involve the pathogenesis of various cancers and show considerable potential in the diagnosis of OC. In this study, we found that the LINC00909 expression in tumor and serum specimens of OC patients was elevated, determined by real-time quantitative, and droplet digital PCR. In receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, our results revealed that serum LINC00909 distinguished cancers from normal ovarian tissue with 87.8% of sensitivity and 69.6% of specificity (AUC, 81.2%) and distinguished serous ovarian cancer from normal ovarian tissue with 90.0% of sensitivity and 75.9% of specificity (AUC, 84.5%). Furthermore, we observed that the tumor and serum LINC00909 level was positively associated with the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage and the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score (reflecting patients' performance status). Also, patients with low serum LINC00909 level showed a longer overall (hazard ratio, HR = 1.874, p = 0.0004) and progression-free (HR = 1.656, p = 0.0017) survival. Functional assays indicated that the elevation of LINC00909 expression contributes to cell proliferation, migration, and invasion capability of ovarian cancer cells. Besides, we demonstrated that LINC00909 functions as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) of MRC2 mRNA by sponging miR-23-3p, and thereby promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of ovarian cancer cells. Therefore, we highlight that the LINC00909/miR-23b-3p/MRC2 axis is implicated in the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer, and serum LINC00909 may be a promising biomarker for the diagnosis of OC.
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Tang W, Zhu S, Liang X, Liu C, Song L. The Crosstalk Between Long Non-Coding RNAs and Various Types of Death in Cancer Cells. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2021; 20:15330338211033044. [PMID: 34278852 PMCID: PMC8293842 DOI: 10.1177/15330338211033044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
With the increasing aging population, cancer has become one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and the number of cancer cases and deaths is only anticipated to grow further. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which are closely associated with the expression level of downstream genes and various types of bioactivity, are regarded as one of the key regulators of cancer cell proliferation and death. Cell death, including apoptosis, necrosis, autophagy, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis, plays a vital role in the progression of cancer. A better understanding of the regulatory relationships between lncRNAs and these various types of cancer cell death is therefore urgently required. The occurrence and development of tumors can be controlled by increasing or decreasing the expression of lncRNAs, a method which confers broad prospects for cancer treatment. Therefore, it is urgent for us to understand the influence of lncRNAs on the development of different modes of tumor death, and to evaluate whether lncRNAs have the potential to be used as biological targets for inducing cell death and predicting prognosis and recurrence of chemotherapy. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the various forms of cancer cell death, including apoptosis, necrosis, autophagy, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis, and to describe the mechanisms of different types of cancer cell death that are regulated by lncRNAs in order to explore potential targets for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Tang
- School of Medical and Life Sciences/Reproductive & Women-Children Hospital, 118385Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaomi Zhu
- School of Medical and Life Sciences/Reproductive & Women-Children Hospital, 118385Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Liang
- School of Medical and Life Sciences/Reproductive & Women-Children Hospital, 118385Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi Liu
- School of Medical and Life Sciences/Reproductive & Women-Children Hospital, 118385Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Linjiang Song
- School of Medical and Life Sciences/Reproductive & Women-Children Hospital, 118385Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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20
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Guo X, Zheng J, Yu MJ, Piao HZ, Zhao HY. Long noncoding RNA SNHG3 promotes glioma tumorigenesis by sponging miR-485-5p to upregulate LMX1B expression. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2021; 37:851-862. [PMID: 34153159 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
LIM homeobox transcription factor 1-beta (LMX1B) has recently been found to be highly expressed in advanced gliomas and is associated with poor survival. However, the regulatory molecular mechanism of LMX1B expression in gliomas remains unclear. In this study, bioinformatics analysis showed that miR-485-5p may be the potential upstream regulator of LMX1B, and long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) small nucleolar RNA host gene 3 (SNHG3) may function as a competitive endogenous RNA to sponge miR-485-5p. In addition, the expression of SNHG3 and LMX1B in advanced glioma tissues was significantly upregulated, while the expression of miR-485-5p was significantly downregulated. SNHG3 overexpression reduced the expression of miR-485-5p; increased the expression of LMX1B; and promoted the proliferation, migration, and invasion of glioma cells. In contrast, miR-485-5p overexpression reduced the expression of LMX1B and inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. The luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation assay further confirmed the interaction between SNHG3 and miR-485-5p and between miR-485-5p and LMX1B. In addition, subcutaneous and orthotropic xenograft models confirmed that lncRNA SNHG3 silencing or miR-485-5p overexpression significantly reduced the growth of glioma xenografts and prolonged survival time. These results indicate that lncRNA SNHG3 can regulate the expression of LMX1B by sponging miR-485-5p, thereby promoting the proliferation, migration, and invasion of glioma cells. This study provides the first evidence that the SNHG3/miR-485-5p/LMX1B axis is involved in glioma tumorigenesis and highlights the potential of SNHG3 and miR-485-5p as therapeutic targets for glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Jian Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ming-Jun Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hao-Zhe Piao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Hong-Yu Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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21
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UCA1 Overexpression Promotes Hypoxic Breast Cancer Cell Proliferation and Inhibits Apoptosis via HIF-1 α Activation. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2021; 2021:5512156. [PMID: 34054950 PMCID: PMC8123984 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5512156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The noncoding RNA termed urothelial carcinoma-associated 1 (UCA1) is an oncogenic lncRNA involved in promoting the growth of several tumors through various pathways. The aim of this study was to explore the expression of UCA1 in hypoxic breast cancer and its impact on tumorigenesis in low levels of oxygen. Here, we show that UCA1 is upregulated in a number of hypoxic (1% O2) breast cancer cells. In addition, UCA1 expression is significantly overexpressed in breast cancer tissues compared to matched normal cells. UCA1 knockdown in hypoxia inhibits breast cancer proliferation and induces apoptosis. The knockdown of hypoxia-inducible transcription factor 1α (HIF-1α) but not HIF-2α significantly decreases the expression of UCA1 in hypoxia. Overall, these findings indicate that UCA1 is a hallmark of hypoxic breast cancer and its expression is positively regulated by HIF-1α.
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22
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Lu GH, Zhao HM, Liu ZY, Cao Q, Shao RD, Sun G. LncRNA SAMD12-AS1 promotes the progression of gastric cancer via DNMT1/p53 axis. Arch Med Res 2021; 52:683-691. [PMID: 33962804 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2021.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are essential modulators of cancers initiation and progression via regulating gene expression and biological behaviors. LncRNA SAMD12-AS1 has been validated to promote the progression of several cancers, while its role in gastric cancer (GC) remains unclear. This study aims to explore the role of LncRNA SAMD12-AS1 in GC. METHODS qRT-PCR was performed to analyze the expression of lncRNA SAMD12-AS1 in GC tissues and cell lines, with Kaplan-Meier curve analyzing the correlation between LncRNA SAMD12-AS1 and prognosis. CCK-8 assay, and flow cytometry were applied to detect GC cells proliferation, cell cycle. Binding of RNA and proteins were detected via RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. Protein levels of oncogenesis-related genes were determined via western blotting. RESULTS SAMD12-AS1 was highly up-regulated in human gastric cancer tissues and cell lines compared to their normal counterparts. High SAMD12-AS1 expression was closely related to TNM stage, and shorter survival span of patients with GC. Moreover, SAMD12-AS1 was also found to promote the oncogenic role of GC cells via inhibiting the P53 signaling pathway. Mechanistically, SAMD12-AS1 might performed its biological roles in GC via directly interacting with DNMT1 and facilitating DNMT1 repress the P53 signaling pathway. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that SAMD12-AS1 promoted GC progression via DNMT1/P53 axis, indicating SAMD12-AS1 may be envisioned as a novel biomarker of, and therapeutic target for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Hui Lu
- Department of General Surgery, The No.967 Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Postgraduate Culture Base of Jinzhou Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Hui-Meng Zhao
- Laboratory of Membrane Ion Channels and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cognitive Science of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, College of Biomedical Engineering, South- Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Zi-Yuan Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The No.967 Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Postgraduate Culture Base of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qun Cao
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
| | - Run-Dong Shao
- Department of General Surgery, The No.967 Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Postgraduate Culture Base of Jinzhou Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Gang Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The No.967 Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Postgraduate Culture Base of Jinzhou Medical University, Dalian, China; Department of General Surgery, The No.967 Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Postgraduate Culture Base of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
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23
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Islam Khan MZ, Law HKW. Cancer Susceptibility Candidate 9 (CASC9) Promotes Colorectal Cancer Carcinogenesis via mTOR-Dependent Autophagy and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Pathways. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:627022. [PMID: 34017854 PMCID: PMC8129023 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.627022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide. Many recent studies have demonstrated that different long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in the initiation, advancement, and metastasis of many cancers including CRC. Cancer susceptibility candidate 9 (CASC9) is an lncRNA that has been reported in many cancers, but its role in CRC is poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to examine the expression of CASC9 in CRC cell lines and to determine the mechanism of action of CASC9 in CRC carcinogenesis. METHODS The expression of CASC9 in CRC tissues was compared with normal samples from publicly available datasets in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and The Encyclopedia of RNA Interactomes (ENCORI). CASC9 expression was further verified in four CRC cell lines (DLD1, HT-29, SW480, and HCT-116) and normal colorectal cell line (CCD-112CoN) by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). After gene silencing in HCT-116 and SW480, Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, clonogenic assay, and wound healing assay were performed to evaluate cell proliferation, viability, and migration index of cells. Western blotting was used to explore the key pathways involved. RESULTS CASC9 was significantly upregulated as analyzed from both public datasets TCGA and ENCORI where its overexpression was associated with poor survival of CRC patients. Similarly, CASC9 was significantly overexpressed in the CRC cell lines compared with normal cells studied. The silencing of CASC9 in HCT-116 and SW480 attenuated cell proliferation and migration significantly. Furthermore, pathways investigations showed that silencing of CASC9 significantly induced autophagy, promoted AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation, inhibited mTOR and AKT signaling pathways, and altered epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) marker protein expression. CONCLUSION We demonstrated that silencing of CASC9 contributes to the reduced CRC cell proliferation and migration by regulating autophagy and AKT/mTOR/EMT signaling. Therefore, CASC9 plays an important role in carcinogenesis, and its expression may act as a prognostic biomarker and a potential therapeutic target of CRC management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Helen Ka Wai Law
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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24
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Zhao GY, Ning ZF, Wang R. LncRNA SNHG19 Promotes the Development of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer via Mediating miR-137/E2F7 Axis. Front Oncol 2021; 11:630241. [PMID: 33842336 PMCID: PMC8027471 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.630241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a common malignant tumor, which has high incidence and low the 5-year survival rate. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical roles in carcinoma occurrence and metastasis. Herein, our aim was to investigate the effects of lncRNA SNHG19 in NSCLC progression. Materials and Methods Long non-coding RNA Small Nucleolar RNA Host Gene 19 (lncRNA SNHG19) expression level was measured by bioinformatics and qRT-PCR. Edu, Transwell, and scratch assays were performed to explore the role of si-SNHG19 or SNHG19 on NSCLC progression. Luciferase assay was used to verify the relationship between SNHG19/E2F7 and miR-137. The experiment of Xenograft was used for exploring the function of SNHG19 in vivo. Results SNHG19 was upregulated in cancer tissues, patients plasma and cell lines of NSCLC. Knockdown of SNHG19 inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Luciferase assay confirmed that SNHG19 regulated E2F7 expression via interacting with miR-137. Overexpression of SNHG19 accelerated NSCLC tumor progression via miR-137/E2F7 axis both in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions Our results clarified the SNHG19 function for the first time, and SNHG19 promoted the progression of NSCLC, which was mediated by the miR-137/E2F7 axis. This study might provide new understanding and targets for NSCLC diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Yin Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Rui Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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25
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Xie S, Wu Z, Qi Y, Wu B, Zhu X. The metastasizing mechanisms of lung cancer: Recent advances and therapeutic challenges. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 138:111450. [PMID: 33690088 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the common malignant tumors that threaten human life with serious incidence and high mortality. According to the histopathological characteristics, lung cancer is mainly divided into non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC). NSCLC accounts for about 80-85% of lung cancers. In fact, lung cancer metastasis is a major cause of treatment failure in clinical patients. The underlying reason is that the mechanisms of lung cancer metastasis are still not fully understood. The metastasis of lung cancer cells is controlled by many factors, including the interaction of various components in the lung cancer microenvironment, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) transformation, and metastasis of cancer cells through blood vessels and lymphatics. The molecular relationships are even more intricate. Further study on the mechanisms of lung cancer metastasis and in search of effective therapeutic targets can bring more reference directions for clinical drug research and development. This paper focuses on the factors affecting lung cancer metastasis and connects with related molecular mechanisms of the lung cancer metastasis and mechanisms of lung cancer to specific organs, which mainly reviews the latest research progress of NSCLC metastasis. Besides, in this paper, experimental models of lung cancer and metastasis, mechanisms in SCLC transfer and the challenges about clinical management of lung cancer are also discussed. The review is intended to provide reference value for the future research in this field and promising treatment clues for clinical patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimin Xie
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zhengguo Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Yantian District People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yi Qi
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, China
| | - Binhua Wu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, China; The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, China.
| | - Xiao Zhu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, China; The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, China; The Key Lab of Zhanjiang for R&D Marine Microbial Resources in the Beibu Gulf Rim, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.
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26
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Tasaki Y, Suzuki M, Katsushima K, Shinjo K, Iijima K, Murofushi Y, Naiki-Ito A, Hayashi K, Qiu C, Takahashi A, Tanaka Y, Kawaguchi T, Sugawara M, Kataoka T, Naito M, Miyata K, Kataoka K, Noda T, Gao W, Kataoka H, Takahashi S, Kimura K, Kondo Y. Cancer-Specific Targeting of Taurine-Upregulated Gene 1 Enhances the Effects of Chemotherapy in Pancreatic Cancer. Cancer Res 2021; 81:1654-1666. [PMID: 33648930 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-3021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Overcoming drug resistance is one of the biggest challenges in cancer chemotherapy. In this study, we examine whether targeting the long noncoding RNA taurine upregulated gene 1 (TUG1) could be an effective therapeutic approach to overcome drug resistance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). TUG1 was expressed at significantly higher levels across 197 PDAC tissues compared with normal pancreatic tissues. Overall survival of patients with PDAC who had undergone 5-FU-based chemotherapy was shorter in high TUG1 group than in low TUG1 group. Mechanistically, TUG1 antagonized miR-376b-3p and upregulated dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD). TUG1 depletion induced susceptibility to 5-FU in BxPC-3 and PK-9 pancreatic cell lines. Consistently, the cellular concentration of 5-FU was significantly higher under TUG1-depleted conditions. In PDAC xenograft models, intravenous treatment with a cancer-specific drug delivery system (TUG1-DDS) and 5-FU significantly suppressed PDAC tumor growth compared with 5-FU treatment alone. This novel approach using TUG1-DDS in combination with 5-FU may serve as an effective therapeutic option to attenuate DPD activity and meet appropriate 5-FU dosage requirements in targeted PDAC cells, which can reduce the systemic adverse effects of chemotherapy. SIGNIFICANCE: Targeting TUG1 coupled with a cancer-specific drug delivery system effectively modulates 5-FU catabolism in TUG1-overexpressing PDAC cells, thus contributing to a new combinatorial strategy for cancer treatment. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/81/7/1654/F1.large.jpg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiko Tasaki
- Division of Cancer Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.,Department of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Miho Suzuki
- Division of Cancer Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Keisuke Katsushima
- Division of Cancer Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Keiko Shinjo
- Division of Cancer Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kenta Iijima
- Division of Cancer Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yoshiteru Murofushi
- Division of Cancer Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Aya Naiki-Ito
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kazuki Hayashi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Chenjie Qiu
- Pancreas Center, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Akiko Takahashi
- Project for Cellular Senescence, Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan.,PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yoko Tanaka
- Project for Cellular Senescence, Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tokuichi Kawaguchi
- Cancer Precision Medicine Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Minoru Sugawara
- Cancer Precision Medicine Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoya Kataoka
- Department of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Naito
- Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kanjiro Miyata
- Department of Materials Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazunori Kataoka
- Innovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, Kawasaki, Japan.,Institute for Future Initiatives, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Noda
- Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wentao Gao
- Pancreas Center, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Hiromi Kataoka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kazunori Kimura
- Department of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kondo
- Division of Cancer Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.
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Long Noncoding RNA FOXP4-AS1 Predicts Unfavourable Prognosis and Regulates Proliferation and Invasion in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:8850656. [PMID: 33604387 PMCID: PMC7870313 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8850656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer that has a high level of morbidity and mortality. Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) is a novel regulatory factor of tumour proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis. Our previous studies indicated that lncRNA FOXP4-AS1 is a functional oncogene in HCC; thus, this study is aimed at further evaluating the clinical and biological function of FOXP4-AS1 in HCC. Material and Methods. First, we detected the expression of FOXP4-AS1 in HCC tissues and paracarcinoma normal tissues by qRT-PCR. Second, the prognostic effects of FOXP4-AS1 in patients with HCC were analysed in a training group and a verification group. Subsequently, to investigate the biological effects of FOXP4-AS1 on HCC cells, downexpression tests were further conducted. Results The expression of FOXP4-AS1 was higher in HCC tissues than adjacent nontumourous tissues, whereas the low expression of FOXP4-AS1 was correlated with optimistic treatment outcomes, which suggested that FOXP4-AS1 may be an independent prognostic biomarker for HCC. Moreover, the downregulation of FOXP4-AS1 significantly reduced the cell proliferation and clonal abilities and inhibited the invasion, migration, and angiogenesis of hepatoma cells (P < 0.05). Conclusion These results revealed the clinical significance and biological function of FOXP4-AS1 in HCC development, which may provide a new direction for finding therapeutic targets and potential prognostic biomarkers of HCC.
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Xu D, Song Q, Liu Y, Chen W, Lu L, Xu M, Fang X, Zhao W, Zhou H. LINC00665 promotes Ovarian Cancer progression through regulating the miRNA-34a-5p/E2F3 axis. J Cancer 2021; 12:1755-1763. [PMID: 33613764 PMCID: PMC7890326 DOI: 10.7150/jca.51457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To clarify the role of LINC00665 in ovarian cancer (OC) progression and the possible mechanism. Methods: LINC00665 levels in OC tissues and cell lines were detected by qRT-PCR. The correlation between LINC00665 and clinicopathologic characteristics of OC patients was assessed. Biological functions of OC cell phenotypes influenced by LINC00665 were examined by CCK-8, colony formation and Transwell assay. Dual-luciferase reporter assay and RIP assay were conducted to verify the interaction between LINC00665 and its downstream target. Results: LINC00665 was upregulated in OC and linked to poor prognosis. Knockdown of LINC00665 blocked malignant proliferative, migratory and invasive functions of OC cells. By competitively binding miRNA-34a-5p, LINC00665 abolished the inhibitory effect of miR-34a-3p on its downstream gene E2F3, thus promoting OC progression. Conclusion: LINC00665/miRNA-34a-5p/E2F3 axis is involved in OC progression, providing novel insights into the clinical treatment of OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Xu
- Department of Gynaecology, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou 215009, China.,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Qingxia Song
- Department of Gynaecology, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Gynaecology, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Wansu Chen
- Department of Gynaecology, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Lijuan Lu
- Department of Gynaecology, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Gynaecology, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Xiaohui Fang
- Department of clinical laboratory, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Wenjie Zhao
- Department of Gynaecology, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Huifang Zhou
- Department of Gynaecology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China.,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
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Li Y, Gao L, Zhang C, Meng J. LncRNA SNHG3 Promotes Proliferation and Metastasis of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Cells Through miR-515-5p/SUMO2 Axis. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2021; 20:15330338211019376. [PMID: 34032148 PMCID: PMC8155750 DOI: 10.1177/15330338211019376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is a global disease and a major cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Accumulated studies have confirmed the essential role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the occurrence and development of cancers. Meanwhile, there have been reports concerning the role of Small Nucleolar RNA Host Gene 3 (SNHG3) in various cancers. However, there are so far few studies on the function and mechanism of SNHG3 in lung cancer. In the present study, SNHG3 was found to be highly expressed in lung cancer tissues and cells. Downregulation of SNHG3 could inhibit cell proliferation, migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. In addition, SNHG3 was found to have the ability to bind to miR-515-5p. Furthermore, Small Ubiquitin Like Modifier 2 (SUMO2) was identified to be the downstream target of miR-515-5p, which was negatively correlated with miR-515-5p expression. SNHG3 could positively regulate SUMO2 expression by sponging miR-515-5p. In addition, the rescue experiment showed that simultaneous transfection of miR-515-5p or SUMO2 siRNA could reverse the effect of SNHG3 expression on cell proliferation and metastasis. Collectively, our study demonstrates that SNHG3 can act on miR-515-5p in the form of competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to regulate SUMO2 positively and thus affect the proliferation and metastasis of NSCLC cells. Findings in our study support that SNHG3/miR-515-5p/SUMO2 regulatory axis may become a potential therapeutic target for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqun Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA
General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lipin Gao
- Department of Hematology, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General
Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Caiyun Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA
General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiguang Meng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA
General Hospital, Beijing, China
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30
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LncRNAs in Ovarian Cancer Progression, Metastasis, and Main Pathways: ceRNA and Alternative Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228855. [PMID: 33238475 PMCID: PMC7700431 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OvCa) develops asymptomatically until it reaches the advanced stages with metastasis, chemoresistance, and poor prognosis. Our review focuses on the analysis of regulatory long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) competing with protein-coding mRNAs for binding to miRNAs according to the model of competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) in OvCa. Analysis of publications showed that most lncRNAs acting as ceRNAs participate in OvCa progression: migration, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and metastasis. More than 30 lncRNAs turned out to be predictors of survival and/or response to therapy in patients with OvCa. For a number of oncogenic (CCAT1, HOTAIR, NEAT1, and TUG1 among others) and some suppressive lncRNAs, several lncRNA/miRNA/mRNA axes were identified, which revealed various functions for each of them. Our review also considers examples of alternative mechanisms of actions for lncRNAs besides being ceRNAs, including binding directly to mRNA or protein, and some of them (DANCR, GAS5, MALAT1, and UCA1 among others) act by both mechanisms depending on the target protein. A systematic analysis based on the data from literature and Panther or KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) databases showed that a significant part of lncRNAs affects the key pathways involved in OvCa metastasis, EMT, and chemoresistance.
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