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Wu KLH, Wu CW, Chen LW, Chang HH, Cheng CL, Wu CY, Lee YC, Chen IC, Hung CY, Liu WC. Dysregulation of mitochondrial dynamics mediated aortic perivascular adipose tissue-associated vascular reactivity impairment under excessive fructose intake. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2024; 21:4. [PMID: 38167066 PMCID: PMC10763079 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-023-00776-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Excessive fructose intake presents the major risk factor for metabolic cardiovascular disease. Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is a metabolic tissue and possesses a paracrine function in regulating aortic reactivity. However, whether and how PVAT alters vascular function under fructose overconsumption remains largely unknown. In this study, male Sprague-Dawley rats (8 weeks old) were fed a 60% high fructose diet (HFD) for 12 weeks. Fasting blood sugar, insulin, and triglycerides were significantly increased by HFD intake. Plasma adiponectin was significantly enhanced in the HFD group. The expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) and mitochondrial mass were reduced in the aortic PVAT of the HFD group. Concurrently, the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) were suppressed. Furthermore, decreased fusion proteins (OPA1, MFN1, and MFN2) were accompanied by increased fission proteins (FIS1 and phospho-DRP1). Notably, the upregulated α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and osteocalcin in the PVAT were concurrent with the impaired reactivity of aortic contraction and relaxation. Coenzyme Q10 (Q, 10 mg/100 mL, 4 weeks) effectively reversed the aforementioned events induced by HFD. Together, these results suggested that the dysregulation of mitochondrial dynamics mediated HFD-triggered PVAT whitening to impair aortic reactivity. Fortunately, coenzyme Q10 treatment reversed HFD-induced PVAT whitening and aortic reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kay L H Wu
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Senior Citizen Services, National Tainan Institute of Nursing, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chih-Wei Wu
- Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Counseling, National ChiaYi University, Chiayi, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Lee-Wei Chen
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsiao-Huang Chang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ching-Li Cheng
- Department of Nursing, National Tainan Institute of Nursing, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Cai-Yi Wu
- Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Chi Lee
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - I-Chun Chen
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chun-Ying Hung
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wen-Chung Liu
- Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC.
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC.
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC.
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Effects of taurine on vascular tone. Amino Acids 2022; 54:1527-1540. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-022-03198-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Guizoni DM, Vettorazzi JF, Carneiro EM, Davel AP. Modulation of endothelium-derived nitric oxide production and activity by taurine and taurine-conjugated bile acids. Nitric Oxide 2019; 94:48-53. [PMID: 31669041 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2019.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Taurine is a semiessential amino acid found at high concentrations in mammalian plasma and cells, where it regulates cellular functions such as ion flux, controls cell volume and serves as a substrate for conjugated bile acids (BAs). Exogenous administration of both taurine and taurine-conjugated BAs have also been implicated in the modulation of cardiovascular functions. This brief review summarizes the role of taurine and taurine-conjugated BAs in vascular relaxation through the modulation of endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO). The effects of taurine on vascular health are controversial. However, in the presence of cardiometabolic risk factors, it has been proposed that taurine can increase vascular NO levels by increasing eNOS expression, eNOS phosphorylation on Ser1177, NO bioavailability, the level of antioxidative defense, and the l-arginine/NOS inhibitor asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) ratio. The taurine-conjugated BA-mediated activation of Farnesoid X receptor (FXR), G protein-coupled BA receptor (TGR5) and/or muscarinic 3 receptor (M3) was also reported to increase vascular NO production. FXR activation increases eNOS expression and may reduce ADMA formation, while TGR5 increases mobilization of Ca2+ and phosphorylation of eNOS and Akt in endothelial cells. Furthermore, taurine and taurine-conjugated BAs might regulate NO synthesis and activity by enhancing H2S generation. Several studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of both taurine and taurine-conjugated BAs in reversing the endothelial dysfunction associated with diabetes, atherosclerosis, hypertension, obesity, malnutrition, and smoking. In addition, taurine-conjugated BAs have emerged as a potential treatment for portal hypertension. Despite these favorable findings, there is a need to further explore the mechanisms and signaling pathways underlying the endothelial effects of taurine and taurine-conjugated BAs. Here, we summarize the main findings regarding the effects of taurine and taurine-conjugated BAs on the endothelial dysfunction associated with altered NO metabolism in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele M Guizoni
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas/UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Jean F Vettorazzi
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP), Institute of Biology, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas/UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Everardo M Carneiro
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas/UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil; Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP), Institute of Biology, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas/UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Davel
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas/UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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Xue W, Li Y, Li J, Yan L, Yang F. Endothelium-dependent relaxation induced by etomidate in the aortas of insulin-resistant rats. Arch Med Sci 2018; 14:1155-1162. [PMID: 30154900 PMCID: PMC6111356 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2018.77256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Few reports have mentioned the effect of etomidate on the aortas of insulin-resistant (IR) rats. In this study, we investigated the effect of etomidate on isolated IR aortas of rats, and explored its underlying mechanism. MATERIAL AND METHODS The IR rat model was established through feeding with a high-fructose diet. The systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured by the tail-cuff method before grouping and at the end of the 8-week feeding; blood samples were also obtained for analysis. Thoracic aorta rings of IR rats were isolated and suspended in a tissue bath. The tensile force was recorded isometrically. The effect of etomidate on provoked contraction of the rings was assessed with or without a potassium channel blocker or NO synthase inhibitor. RESULTS Etomidate-induced relaxation in IR rings was greater than normal control (NC) rings (all p < 0.001 with etomidate log M of -4 to -6). NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, an NO synthase inhibitors) inhibited etomidate-induced relaxation in NC rings, but had no effect on the IR rings (all p < 0.001 with etomidate log M of -4 to -6). Pre-incubation with glibenclamide (Gli, a potassium channel blocker) significantly inhibited etomidate-induced relaxation in NC and IR rings (all p < 0.001 with etomidate log M of -4 to -6), and had no inhibited effect on endothelial denuded aortic rings. CONCLUSIONS Insulin resistance increased etomidate-induced relaxation in rat aortas. Etomidate causes vasodilation in IR rat aortas via both endothelium-dependent and independent ways; impaired NO-mediated relaxation was disrupted and ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channel-mediated relaxation may be involved in the endothelium-dependent relaxation of etomidate in IR rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Xue
- Department of Pharmacy, Meitan General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yiwen Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Meitan General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Meitan General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Li Yan
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Department of Neurology, Meitan General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Ulusoy KG, Kaya E, Karabacak K, Seyrek M, Duvan İ, Yildirim V, Yildiz O. Taurine relaxes human radial artery through potassium channel opening action. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 21:617-623. [PMID: 29200904 PMCID: PMC5709478 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2017.21.6.617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The vascular actions and mechanisms of taurine were investigated in the isolated human radial artery (RA). RA rings were suspended in isolated organ baths and tension was recorded isometrically. First, a precontraction was achieved by adding potassium chloride (KCl, 45 mM) or serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT, 30 µM) to organ baths. When the precontractions were stable, taurine (20, 40, 80 mM) was added cumulatively. Antagonistic effect of taurine on calcium chloride (10 µM to 10 mM)-induced contractions was investigated. Taurine-induced relaxations were also tested in the presence of the K+ channel inhibitors tetraethylammonium (1 mM), glibenclamide (10 µM) and 4-aminopyridine (1 mM). Taurine did not affect the basal tone but inhibited the contraction induced by 5-HT and KCl. Calcium chloride-induced contractions were significantly inhibited in the presence of taurine (20, 40, 80 mM) (p<0.05). The relaxation to taurine was inhibited by tetraethylammonium (p<0.05). However, glibenclamide and 4-aminopyridine did not affect taurine-induced relaxations. Present experiments show that taurine inhibits 5-HT and KCl-induced contractions in RA, and suggest that large conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels may be involved in taurine-induced relaxation of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kemal Gokhan Ulusoy
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Gulhane Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Ankara 06018, Turkey
| | - Erkan Kaya
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Gaziantep Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep 27310, Turkey
| | - Kubilay Karabacak
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Gulhane Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Ankara 06018, Turkey
| | - Melik Seyrek
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Gulhane Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Ankara 06018, Turkey
| | - İbrahim Duvan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guven Hospital, Ankara 06540, Turkey
| | - Vedat Yildirim
- Department of Anesthesiology, Gulhane Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Ankara 06018, Turkey
| | - Oguzhan Yildiz
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Gulhane Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Ankara 06018, Turkey
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Jayakumar V, Ahmed SSSJ, Ebenezar KK. Multivariate analysis and molecular interaction of curcumin with PPARγ in high fructose diet induced insulin resistance in rats. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:1732. [PMID: 27777867 PMCID: PMC5053957 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-3364-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the effect of curcumin on the multivariate and docking analysis on peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ, the rats were fed with high fructose diet (Group 2) to induce insulin resistance and curcumin was co-administered orally (Group 4) for a period of 8 weeks and measured the biochemical parameters in blood, kidney and liver tissues. The results showed a significant (p ≤ 0.05) increase in the level of creatinine, glucose, insulin, low density lipoprotein, total cholesterol, triglyceride, urea, uric acid, very low density lipoprotein and decreased albumin, high density lipoprotein and total protein level in the blood of Group 2 when compared with Group 1 control rats. Further, analysis on liver and kidney tissues showed a significant decrease in antioxidants, hexokinase and increased glucose 6-phosphatase and fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase, hydroperoxides and TBARS in Group 2 rats. Furthermore, the multivariate and loading coefficient analysis showed that albumin, HDL, catalase, glutathione reductase, hexokinase and vitamin E are the most contributing factors in blood, liver and kidney. Subsequently, molecular docking was carried out to determine the binding efficiency of curcumin as agonist of PPARγ showed high affinity compared to pioglitazone. The histology of liver and kidney were also studied and the administration of curcumin along with fructose protects the organs from the abnormal changes and also prevents the fat accumulation. Overall, these results demonstrate the preventive role of curcumin on diet induced insulin resistant in rats by ameliorating the altered levels of metabolic changes and potential binding of curcumin with PPARγ as agonist in the treatment of insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasanthi Jayakumar
- Molecular Physiology Lab, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Rajiv Gandhi Salai, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu 603103 India
| | - Shiek S. S. J. Ahmed
- Drug Discovery Lab, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu 603103 India
| | - Kesavarao Kumar Ebenezar
- Molecular Physiology Lab, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Rajiv Gandhi Salai, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu 603103 India
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Alpha-adrenoceptor antagonism by Crassostrea gigas oyster extract inhibits noradrenaline-induced vascular contraction in Wistar rats. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE-JIM 2015; 13:194-200. [PMID: 26006032 DOI: 10.1016/s2095-4964(15)60167-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Crassostrea gigas oyster extract has been reported to have antioxidant, antihypertensive and lipid-lowering properties that may be useful for treating cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of C. gigas oyster extract on cardiovascular function in tissues from healthy rats. METHODS Single-cell microelectrode and isolated thoracic aortic organ bath studies were performed on tissues from 8-week-old healthy Wistar rats, using varying concentrations of C. gigas oyster extract. To elucidate a mechanism of action for the oyster's vasoactive properties, concentration response curves were carried out in the presence of a calcium channel inhibitior (verapamil), a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor (N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester), a potassium channel inhibitor (4-aminopyridine), in addition to the α-adrenoceptor inhibitor prazosin. RESULTS Oyster solution at 7 500 mg/mL inhibited noradrenaline-induced contraction in isolated aortic rings. Cardiac electrophysiology results showed that neither concentration of oyster solution was able to significantly reduce action potential duration at all phases of repolarisation in left ventricular papillary muscles from healthy animals. CONCLUSION When administered to healthy vascular tissue, C. gigas oyster extract inhibits contraction induced by noradrenaline. This effect is likely to be mediated through α-adrenoceptor inhibition, and to a lesser extent, calcium modulating activity.
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Develi-Is S, Ozen G, Bekpinar S, Topal G, Unlucerci Y, Dogan BSU, Uysal M. Resveratrol improves high-fructose-induced vascular dysfunction in rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2014; 92:1021-7. [DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2014-0245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
High levels of fructose in the diet results in metabolic abnormalities and vascular disorders. In this study, the effect of resveratrol (RES) on vascular relaxation and contraction responses was examined in the aorta of high-fructose (HFr)-fed rats. mRNA expressions of aortic sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), GLUT5, and aldolase B were also investigated. Rats were given fructose (30%) and (or) RES (50 mg·L−1) in their drinking water for 8 weeks. In the HFr-fed rats, plasma levels of arginine and the ratio of arginine:asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) decreased, whereas leptin levels increased. Decreased relaxation and increased contractile responses were detected in aortic rings. However, the aortic expressions of SIRT1, GLUT5, and aldolase B remained unchanged. RES treatment restored HFr-induced vascular dysfunction without improvements in insulin resistance. Treatment of HFr-fed rats with RES increased plasma levels of arginine and the l-arginine:ADMA ratio, and decreased plasma levels of leptin. RES increased SIRT1 expression, but decreased the expression of GLUT5 and aldolase B in aortas from HFr-fed rats. These results suggest that RES contributes to the restoration of HFr-induced vascular dysfunction in rats, at least in part, by up-regulation of SIRT 1 and down-regulation of GLUT5 and aldolase B in the aorta. Moreover, RES may have a positive influence on vasculature by partly restoring the plasma arginine:ADMA ratio and leptin levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seval Develi-Is
- Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Capa 34093, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gulsev Ozen
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Beyazit, 34116, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Seldag Bekpinar
- Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Capa 34093, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gokce Topal
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Beyazit, 34116, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yesim Unlucerci
- Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Capa 34093, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - B. Sonmez Uydes Dogan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Beyazit, 34116, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mujdat Uysal
- Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Capa 34093, Istanbul, Turkey
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Abstract
Taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) is widely distributed in animal tissues and has
diverse pharmacological effects. However, the role of taurine in modulating smooth
muscle contractility is still controversial. We propose that taurine (5-80 mM) can
exert bidirectional modulation on the contractility of isolated rat jejunal segments.
Different low and high contractile states were induced in isolated jejunal segments
of rats to observe the effects of taurine and the associated mechanisms. Taurine
induced stimulatory effects on the contractility of isolated rat jejunal segments at
3 different low contractile states, and inhibitory effects at 3 different high
contractile states. Bidirectional modulation was not observed in the presence of
verapamil or tetrodotoxin, suggesting that taurine-induced bidirectional modulation
is Ca2+ dependent and requires the presence of the enteric nervous system.
The stimulatory effects of taurine on the contractility of isolated jejunal segments
was blocked by atropine but not by diphenhydramine or by cimetidine, suggesting that
muscarinic-linked activation was involved in the stimulatory effects when isolated
jejunal segments were in a low contractile state. The inhibitory effects of taurine
on the contractility of isolated jejunal segments were blocked by propranolol and
L-NG-nitroarginine but not by phentolamine, suggesting that adrenergic β receptors
and a nitric oxide relaxing mechanism were involved when isolated jejunal segments
were in high contractile states. No bidirectional effects of taurine on myosin
phosphorylation were observed. The contractile states of jejunal segments determine
taurine-induced stimulatory or inhibitory effects, which are associated with
muscarinic receptors and adrenergic β receptors, and a nitric oxide associated
relaxing mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Y Yao
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - D P Chen
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - D M Ye
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Y P Diao
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Y Lin
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
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Roysommuti S, Wyss JM. Perinatal taurine exposure affects adult arterial pressure control. Amino Acids 2012; 46:57-72. [PMID: 23070226 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-012-1417-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2012] [Accepted: 10/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Taurine is an abundant, free amino acid found in mammalian cells that contributes to many physiologic functions from that of a simple cell osmolyte to a programmer of adult health and disease. Taurine's contribution extends from conception throughout life, but its most critical exposure period is during perinatal life. In adults, taurine supplementation prevents or alleviates cardiovascular disease and related complications. In contrast, low taurine consumption coincides with increased risk of cardiovascular disease, obesity and type II diabetes. This review focuses on the effects that altered perinatal taurine exposure has on long-term mechanisms that control adult arterial blood pressure and could thereby contribute to arterial hypertension through its ability to program these cardiovascular regulatory mechanisms very early in life. The modifications of these mechanisms can last a lifetime and transfer to the next generation, suggesting that epigenetic mechanisms underlie the changes. The ability of perinatal taurine exposure to influence arterial pressure control mechanisms and hypertension in adult life appears to involve the regulation of growth and development, the central and autonomic nervous system, the renin-angiotensin system, glucose-insulin interaction and changes to heart, blood vessels and kidney function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanya Roysommuti
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand,
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Effects of taurine on contractions of the porcine coronary artery. Pharmacol Rep 2009; 61:681-9. [DOI: 10.1016/s1734-1140(09)70120-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2008] [Revised: 07/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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