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Cha Z, Qiao Y, Lu Q, Wang Q, Lu X, Zhou H, Li T. Research progress and challenges of stem cell therapy for ischemic stroke. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1410732. [PMID: 39040041 PMCID: PMC11260720 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1410732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a significant global cause of death and disability. Currently, treatment options for acute ischemic stroke are limited to intravenous thrombolysis and mechanical recanalization. Therefore, novel neuroprotective strategies are imperative. Stem cell transplantation possesses the capabilities of differentiation, proliferation, neuronal replacement, nerve pathway reconstruction, secretion of nerve growth factors, and enhancement of the microenvironment; thus, it is a potential therapeutic approach for ischemic stroke. In addition, the immunomodulatory function of stem cells and the combined treatment of stem cells and exosomes exhibit a favorable protective effect on brain injury and neurological dysfunction following stroke. Meanwhile, the theory of microbiota-gut-brain axis provides us with a novel perspective for comprehending and managing neurological diseases. Lastly, stem cell transplantation has demonstrated promising outcomes not only in treating ischemic stroke but also in dealing with other neurological disorders, such as brain tumors. Furthermore, challenges related to the tissue source, delivery method, immune response, and timing of transplantation still need to be addressed to optimize the treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaihong Cha
- The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yisheng Qiao
- The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Qixiong Lu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Qiyang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaoyang Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Hu Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Tao Li
- Research Center for Clinical Medicine, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Institute of Neurosurgery and Neuroscience, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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2
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El-Haddad K, El-Zainy MA, Nagy M, Fathy I. De novo regeneration of dentin pulp complex mediated by Adipose derived stem cells in an immunodeficient albino rat model (Histological, histochemical and scanning electron microscopic Study). Saudi Dent J 2024; 36:899-904. [PMID: 38883895 PMCID: PMC11178961 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Dental tissue engineering is an alternative procedure for restoring damaged dental tissues. Adipose-derived stem cells are a new source of cells for regenerative endodontics in combination with scaffold materials. The descriptive data about this regenerative process is still insufficient. Objective To evaluate the regenerative potential of Adipose-derived stem cells using a self-assembling polypeptide scaffold for the dentin-pulp complex in an emptied root canal space. Material and Methods 40 root segments of human single-rooted teeth were transplanted into the albino rats' dorsal subcutaneous tissue. Root segments were divided into two groups: group I contained only a self-assembling polypeptide scaffold, and group II contained fluorescent-labeled Adipose-derived stem cells embedded in a self-assembling polypeptide scaffold. The newly formed tissues were assessed on the 60th and 90th days post-transplantation using routine histological examination, Masson trichrome staining, and scanning electron microscopy. Results Group I showed granulation tissue without any signs of predentin formation or odontoblast-like cells. Group II revealed the presence of predentin tissue along the dentin margin, with arranged odontoblast-like cells. An organized connective tissue with abundant vasculature and calcific masses was observed in the pulp space. Conclusion Adipose-derived stem cells can be considered as alternative stem cells for regenerating the dentin-pulp complex. Dentin pulp complex regeneration utilizing a self-assembling polypeptide scaffold alone would not yield successful results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled El-Haddad
- Department of Basic Oral Medical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Qassim Region, Al-Mulida, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Medhat A El-Zainy
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Nagy
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Iman Fathy
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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3
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Gareev I, Beylerli O, Ilyasova T, Ahmad A, Shi H, Chekhonin V. Therapeutic application of adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction in myocardial infarction. iScience 2024; 27:109791. [PMID: 38736548 PMCID: PMC11088339 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The insufficiency of natural regeneration processes in higher organisms, including humans, underlies myocardial infarction (MI), which is one of the main causes of disability and mortality in the population of developed countries. The solution to this problem lies in the field of revealing the mechanisms of regeneration and creating on this basis new technologies for stimulating endogenous regenerative processes or replacing lost parts of tissues and organs with transplanted cells. Of great interest is the use of the so-called stromal vascular fraction (SVF), derived from autologous adipose tissue. It is known that the main functions of SVF are angiogenetic, antiapoptotic, antifibrotic, immune regulation, anti-inflammatory, and trophic. This study presents data on the possibility of using SVF, targeted regulation of its properties and reparative potential, as well as the results of research studies on its use for the restoration of damaged ischemic tissue after MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilgiz Gareev
- Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa 450008, Russian Federation
| | - Ozal Beylerli
- Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa 450008, Russian Federation
| | - Tatiana Ilyasova
- Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa 450008, Russian Federation
| | - Aamir Ahmad
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Huaizhang Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 1500, China
| | - Vladimir Chekhonin
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
- The National Medical Research Center for Endocrinology, Moscow, Russian Federation
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4
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Rahmati S, Khazaei M, Abpeikar Z, Soleimanizadeh A, Rezakhani L. Exosome-loaded decellularized tissue: Opening a new window for regenerative medicine. J Tissue Viability 2024; 33:332-344. [PMID: 38594147 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtv.2024.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSCs-EXO) have received a lot of interest recently as a potential therapeutic tool in regenerative medicine. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) known as exosomes (EXOs) are crucial for cell-cell communication throughout a variety of activities including stress response, aging, angiogenesis, and cell differentiation. Exploration of the potential use of EXOs as essential therapeutic effectors of MSCs to encourage tissue regeneration was motivated by success in the field of regenerative medicine. EXOs have been administered to target tissues using a variety of methods, including direct, intravenous, intraperitoneal injection, oral delivery, and hydrogel-based encapsulation, in various disease models. Despite the significant advances in EXO therapy, various methods are still being researched to optimize the therapeutic applications of these nanoparticles, and it is not completely clear which approach to EXO administration will have the greatest effects. Here, we will review emerging developments in the applications of EXOs loaded into decellularized tissues as therapeutic agents for use in regenerative medicine in various tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Rahmati
- Cancer Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mozafar Khazaei
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Zahra Abpeikar
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Arghavan Soleimanizadeh
- Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School 'Molecular Medicine, University of Ulm, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Leila Rezakhani
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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5
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Berry CE, Abbas DB, Lintel HA, Churukian AA, Griffin M, Guo JL, Cotterell AC, Parker JBL, Downer MA, Longaker MT, Wan DC. Adipose-Derived Stromal Cell-Based Therapies for Radiation-Induced Fibrosis. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2024; 13:235-252. [PMID: 36345216 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2022.0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Significance: Half of all cancer patients receive radiation therapy as a component of their treatment regimen, and the most common resulting complication is radiation-induced fibrosis (RIF) of the skin and soft tissue. This thickening of the dermis paired with decreased vascularity results in functional limitations and esthetic concerns and poses unique challenges when considering surgical exploration or reconstruction. Existing therapeutic options for RIF of the skin are limited both in scope and efficacy. Cell-based therapies have emerged as a promising means of utilizing regenerative cell populations to improve both functional and esthetic outcomes, and even as prophylaxis for RIF. Recent Advances: As one of the leading areas of cell-based therapy research, adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) demonstrate significant therapeutic potential in the treatment of RIF. The introduction of the ADSC-augmented fat graft has shown clinical utility. Recent research dedicated to characterizing specific ADSC subpopulations points toward further granularity in understanding of the mechanisms driving the well-established clinical outcomes seen with fat grafting therapy. Critical Issues: Various animal models of RIF demonstrated improved clinical outcomes following treatment with cell-based therapies, but the cellular and molecular basis underlying these effects remains poorly understood. Future Directions: Recent literature has focused on improving the efficacy of cell-based therapies, most notably through (1) augmentation of fat grafts with platelet-rich plasma and (2) the modification of expressed RNA through epitranscriptomics. For the latter, new and promising gene targets continue to be identified which have the potential to reverse the effects of fibrosis by increasing angiogenesis, decreasing inflammation, and promoting adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte E Berry
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Darren B Abbas
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Hendrik A Lintel
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Andrew A Churukian
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Michelle Griffin
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Jason L Guo
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Asha C Cotterell
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Jennifer B Laufey Parker
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Mauricio A Downer
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Michael T Longaker
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Derrick C Wan
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
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Navarro-Perez J, Carobbio S. Adipose tissue-derived stem cells, in vivo and in vitro models for metabolic diseases. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 222:116108. [PMID: 38438053 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
The primary role of adipose tissue stem cells (ADSCs) is to support the function and homeostasis of adipose tissue in physiological and pathophysiological conditions. However, when ADSCs become dysfunctional in diseases such as obesity and cancer, they become impaired, undergo signalling changes, and their epigenome is altered, which can have a dramatic effect on human health. In more recent years, the therapeutic potential of ADSCs in regenerative medicine, wound healing, and for treating conditions such as cancer and metabolic diseases has been extensively investigated with very promising results. ADSCs have also been used to generate two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) cellular and in vivo models to study adipose tissue biology and function as well as intracellular communication. Characterising the biology and function of ADSCs, how it is altered in health and disease, and its therapeutic potential and uses in cellular models is key for designing intervention strategies for complex metabolic diseases and cancer.
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Surico PL, Scarabosio A, Miotti G, Grando M, Salati C, Parodi PC, Spadea L, Zeppieri M. Unlocking the versatile potential: Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in ocular surface reconstruction and oculoplastics. World J Stem Cells 2024; 16:89-101. [PMID: 38455097 PMCID: PMC10915950 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v16.i2.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This review comprehensively explores the versatile potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with a specific focus on adipose-derived MSCs. Ophthalmic and oculoplastic surgery, encompassing diverse procedures for ocular and periocular enhancement, demands advanced solutions for tissue restoration, functional and aesthetic refinement, and aging. Investigating immunomodulatory, regenerative, and healing capacities of MSCs, this review underscores the potential use of adipose-derived MSCs as a cost-effective alternative from bench to bedside, addressing common unmet needs in the field of reconstructive and regenerative surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pier Luigi Surico
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, United States
- Department of Ophthalmology, Campus Bio-Medico University, Rome 00128, Italy
| | - Anna Scarabosio
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University Hospital of Udine, Udine 33100, Italy
| | - Giovanni Miotti
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University Hospital of Udine, Udine 33100, Italy
| | - Martina Grando
- Department of Internal Medicine, Azienda Sanitaria Friuli Occidentale, San Vito al Tagliamento 33078, Italy
| | - Carlo Salati
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Udine, Udine 33100, Italy
| | - Pier Camillo Parodi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University Hospital of Udine, Udine 33100, Italy
| | - Leopoldo Spadea
- Eye Clinic, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome 00142, Italy
| | - Marco Zeppieri
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Udine, Udine 33100, Italy.
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Sun Y, Jo JI, Hashimoto Y. Evaluation of Osteogenic Potential for Rat Adipose-Derived Stem Cells under Xeno-Free Environment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17532. [PMID: 38139360 PMCID: PMC10744054 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to develop a novel culture method for rat adipose-derived stem cells (rADSC) and evaluate their osteogenic potential. The rADSC cultured in xeno-free culture medium (XF-rADSCs) or conventional culture medium containing fetal bovine serum (FBS-rADSCs) were combined with micropieces of xeno-free recombinant collagen peptide to form 3-dimensional aggregates (XF-rADSC-CellSaic or FBS-rADSC-CellSaic). Both FBS-rADSC and XF-ADSC in CellSaic exhibited multilineage differentiation potential. Compared to FBS-rADSC-CellSaic, XF-rADSC-CellSaic accelerated and promoted osteogenic differentiation in vitro. When transplanted into rat mandibular congenital bone defects, the osteogenically differentiated XF-rADSC-CellSaic induced regeneration of bone tissue with a highly maturated structure compared to FBS-rADSC-CellSaic. In conclusion, XF-rADSC-CellSaic is a feasible 3-dimensional platform for efficient bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jun-Ichiro Jo
- Department of Biomaterials, Osaka Dental University, 8-1 Kuzuhahanazonocho, Hirakata 573-1121, Osaka, Japan; (Y.S.); (Y.H.)
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Agnes CJ, Karoichan A, Tabrizian M. The Diamond Concept Enigma: Recent Trends of Its Implementation in Cross-linked Chitosan-Based Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023. [PMID: 37310896 PMCID: PMC10354806 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
An increasing number of publications over the past ten years have focused on the development of chitosan-based cross-linked scaffolds to regenerate bone tissue. The design of biomaterials for bone tissue engineering applications relies heavily on the ideals set forth by a polytherapy approach called the "Diamond Concept". This methodology takes into consideration the mechanical environment, scaffold properties, osteogenic and angiogenic potential of cells, and benefits of osteoinductive mediator encapsulation. The following review presents a comprehensive summarization of recent trends in chitosan-based cross-linked scaffold development within the scope of the Diamond Concept, particularly for nonload-bearing bone repair. A standardized methodology for material characterization, along with assessment of in vitro and in vivo potential for bone regeneration, is presented based on approaches in the literature, and future directions of the field are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celine J Agnes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
- Shriner's Hospital for Children, Montreal, Quebec H4A 0A9 Canada
| | - Antoine Karoichan
- Shriner's Hospital for Children, Montreal, Quebec H4A 0A9 Canada
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1G1 Canada
| | - Maryam Tabrizian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1G1 Canada
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10
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Stage HJ, Trappe S, Söllig K, Trachsel DS, Kirsch K, Zieger C, Merle R, Aschenbach JR, Gehlen H. Multilineage Differentiation Potential of Equine Adipose-Derived Stromal/Stem Cells from Different Sources. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13081352. [PMID: 37106915 PMCID: PMC10135324 DOI: 10.3390/ani13081352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The investigation of multipotent stem/stromal cells (MSCs) in vitro represents an important basis for translational studies in large animal models. The study's aim was to examine and compare clinically relevant in vitro properties of equine MSCs, which were isolated from abdominal (abd), retrobulbar (rb) and subcutaneous (sc) adipose tissue by collagenase digestion (ASCs-SVF) and an explant technique (ASCs-EXP). Firstly, we examined proliferation and trilineage differentiation and, secondly, the cardiomyogenic differentiation potential using activin A, bone morphogenetic protein-4 and Dickkopf-1. Fibroblast-like, plastic-adherent ASCs-SVF and ASCs-EXP were obtained from all sources. The proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation potential did not differ significantly between the isolation methods and localizations. However, abd-ASCs-EXP showed the highest adipogenic differentiation potential compared to rb- and sc-ASCs-EXP on day 7 and abd-ASCs-SVF a higher adipogenic potential compared to abd-ASCs-EXP on day 14. Osteogenic differentiation potential was comparable at day 14, but by day 21, abd-ASCs-EXP demonstrated a higher osteogenic potential compared to abd-ASCs-SVF and rb-ASCs-EXP. Cardiomyogenic differentiation could not be achieved. This study provides insight into the proliferation and multilineage differentiation potential of equine ASCs and is expected to provide a basis for future preclinical and clinical studies in horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah J Stage
- Equine Clinic, Surgery and Radiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanne Trappe
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | - Katharina Söllig
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dagmar S Trachsel
- Clinical Unit of Equine Internal Medicine, Department for Companion Animals and Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Katharina Kirsch
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | - Cornelia Zieger
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Robert-von-Ostertag-Straße 15, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | - Roswitha Merle
- Institute for Veterinary Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Königsweg 67, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jörg R Aschenbach
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | - Heidrun Gehlen
- Equine Clinic, Surgery and Radiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 14163 Berlin, Germany
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11
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Hao Z, Qi W, Sun J, Zhou M, Guo N. Review: Research progress of adipose-derived stem cells in the treatment of chronic wounds. Front Chem 2023; 11:1094693. [PMID: 36860643 PMCID: PMC9968763 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1094693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Although methods are used to treat wounds clinically, there are still many challenges in the treatment of chronic wounds due to excessive inflammatory response, difficulties in epithelialization, vascularization, and other factors. With the increasing research on adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) in recent years, accumulating evidence has shown that ADSCs scan promotes the healing of chronic wounds by regulating macrophage function and cellular immunity and promoting angiogenesis and epithelialization. The present study reviewed the difficulties in the treatment of chronic wounds, as well as the advantages and the mechanism of ADSCs in promoting the healing of chronic wounds, to provide a reference for the stem cell therapy of chronic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jiaming Sun
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Muran Zhou
- *Correspondence: Muran Zhou, ; Nengqiang Guo,
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Sun T, Xu W, Tu B, Wang T, Liu J, Liu K, Luan Y. Engineered Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Overexpressing RXFP1 via CRISPR Activation Ameliorate Erectile Dysfunction in Diabetic Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12010171. [PMID: 36671033 PMCID: PMC9854730 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the high incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and poor response to the first-line treatment of DM-induced erectile dysfunction (DMED), new therapeutic strategies for DMED are needed. Adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC) transplantation is considered a promising treatment modality for DMED but is limited by poor survival and efficacy after transplantation. In this study, we aimed to increase the therapeutic effect of DMED by overexpressing the relaxin family peptide receptor 1 (RXFP1) using a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats activation (CRISPRa) system in ADSCs. Two lentiviruses carrying the CRISPRa system transfected ADSCs to overexpress RXFP1 (RXFP1-ADSCs). The intracavernous injection of ADSCs was performed in DMED rats induced by the intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. Four weeks after transplantation, we measured erectile function and collected specimens of the corpus cavernosum for follow-up detection. The results showed that ADSCs improved erectile function in diabetic rats, and the RXFP1-ADSCs were more significant. We detected reduced levels of oxidative stress, apoptosis and fibrosis together with relative normalization of endothelial and smooth muscle cell function in the penis after ADSC transplantation. RXFP1-ADSCs had more potent efficacy in the above alterations compared to negative control ADSCs due to the high levels of survival and paracrine capacity in RXFP1-ADSCs. The results revealed that RXFP1-ADSC transplantation could partially preserve erectile function in DMED rats associated with the regulation of oxidative stress, apoptosis, fibrosis and endothelial and smooth muscle cell dysfunction. RXFP1 may be the new target for the genetic modification of ADSCs, which benefits the management of DMED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taotao Sun
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Wenchao Xu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Bocheng Tu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jihong Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Kang Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Correspondence: (K.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yang Luan
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Correspondence: (K.L.); (Y.L.)
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Garay RP. Recent clinical trials with stem cells to slow or reverse normal aging processes. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2023; 4:1148926. [PMID: 37090485 PMCID: PMC10116573 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2023.1148926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Aging is associated with a decline in the regenerative potential of stem cells. In recent years, several clinical trials have been launched in order to evaluate the efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell interventions to slow or reverse normal aging processes (aging conditions). Information concerning those clinical trials was extracted from national and international databases (United States, EU, China, Japan, and World Health Organization). Mesenchymal stem cell preparations were in development for two main aging conditions: physical frailty and facial skin aging. With regard to physical frailty, positive results have been obtained in phase II studies with intravenous Lomecel-B (an allogeneic bone marrow stem cell preparation), and a phase I/II study with an allogeneic preparation of umbilical cord-derived stem cells was recently completed. With regard to facial skin aging, positive results have been obtained with an autologous preparation of adipose-derived stem cells. A further sixteen clinical trials for physical frailty and facial skin aging are currently underway. Reducing physical frailty with intravenous mesenchymal stem cell administration can increase healthy life expectancy and decrease costs to the public health system. However, intravenous administration runs the risk of entrapment of the stem cells in the lungs (and could raise safety concerns). In addition to aesthetic purposes, clinical research on facial skin aging allows direct evaluation of tissue regeneration using sophisticated and precise methods. Therefore, research on both conditions is complementary, which facilitates a global vision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo P. Garay
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Craven, 91360 Villemoisson-sur-Orge, France
- CNRS, National Centre of Scientific Research, Paris, France
- *Correspondence: Ricardo P. Garay,
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Setiawan AM, Kamarudin TA, Abd Ghafar N. The role of BMP4 in adipose-derived stem cell differentiation: A minireview. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1045103. [PMID: 36340030 PMCID: PMC9634734 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1045103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) is a member of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) superfamily of cytokines responsible for stem cells’ commitment to differentiation, proliferation, and maturation. To date, various studies have utilized BMP4 as a chemical inducer for in vitro differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) based on its potential. BMP4 drives in vitro differentiation of ADSC via TGF-β signaling pathway by interactions with BMP receptors leading to the activation of smad-dependent and smad-independent pathways. The BMP4 signaling pathways are regulated by intracellular and extracellular BMP4 antagonists. Extracellular BMP4 antagonist prevents interaction between BMP4 ligand to its receptors, while intracellular BMP4 antagonist shutdowns the smad-dependent pathways through multiple mechanisms. BMP4 proved as one of the popular differentiation factors to induce ADSC differentiation into cell from mesodermal origin. However, addition of all-trans retinoic acid is also needed in trans-differentiation of ADSC into ectodermal lineage cells. Suggesting that both BMP4 and RA signaling pathways may be necessary to be activated for in vitro trans-differentiation of ADSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Malik Setiawan
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Anatomy, Maulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Taty Anna Kamarudin
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- *Correspondence: Taty Anna Kamarudin,
| | - Norzana Abd Ghafar
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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15
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Netrin-1 promotes the vasculogenic capacity of human adipose-derived stem cells. Cell Tissue Bank 2022; 24:357-367. [PMID: 36222969 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-022-10038-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) have been increasingly explored for use in cell-based therapy against ischemic diseases. However, unsatisfactory angiogenesis limits the therapeutic efficacy. Netrin-1, a known axon guidance molecule, improves neovascularization in the ischemic region. Thus, our study was performed to evaluate the potential effect of Netrin-1 on the angiogenic behaviors of human ADSCs (hADSCs). hADSCs acquired from human abdominal adipose tissue were modified by liposome transfection of Netrin-1 plasmid, and the proliferation of hADSCs was determined by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. The transcript levels of pro-invasive proteins such as matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), were measured to test migratory and invasive capabilities, and the levels of vascular endothelial growth factors were assayed to monitor angiogenic activity. Our results showed that Netrin-1 overexpression enhanced the proliferation of hADSCs, and promoted the migration and invasion of hADSCs, as indicated by increased levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9. Furthermore, Netrin-1 overexpression increased the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and placental growth factor in hADSCs. Our results highlighted the possibility that genetic modification of hADSCs by Netrin-1 overexpression might be beneficial for cell transplantation therapy against ischemic diseases.
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16
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Comparison of Sources and Methods for the Isolation of Equine Adipose Tissue-Derived Stromal/Stem Cells and Preliminary Results on Their Reaction to Incubation with 5-Azacytidine. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12162049. [PMID: 36009640 PMCID: PMC9404420 DOI: 10.3390/ani12162049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The function of the equine heart is different from that in other species, and a species-specific in vitro model would simplify investigations in the field of equine cardiology. The recent advances in stem cell research and the availability of adipose tissue-derived stromal/stem cells (ASCs) could be a promising starting point for the development of such an in vitro model. In order to test the hypothesis that equine ASCs can be differentiated into cells resembling heart cells, we isolated ASCs from abdominal, retrobulbar, and subcutaneous adipose tissue after collagenase digestion or from direct cultivation of explants. Both techniques resulted in similar yields of cells displaying morphological, immunophenotypical, and molecular biological characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells. Abdominal adipose tissue was found to be most suitable for ASC isolation in equines. However, contrasting earlier studies performed with ASCs from other species, equine ASCs were refractory to 5-azacytidine-induced upregulation of markers characteristic for the differentiation into heart cells. Hence, further studies are required to establish equine cardiomyocyte induction. Abstract Physiological particularities of the equine heart justify the development of an in vitro model suitable for investigations of the species-specific equine cardiac electrophysiology. Adipose tissue-derived stromal/stem cells (ASCs) could be a promising starting point from which to develop such a cardiomyocyte (CM)-like cell model. Therefore, we compared abdominal, retrobulbar, and subcutaneous adipose tissue as sources for the isolation of ASCs applying two isolation methods: the collagenase digestion and direct explant culture. Abdominal adipose tissue was most suitable for the isolation of ASCs and both isolation methods resulted in comparable yields of CD45-/CD34-negative cells expressing the mesenchymal stem cell markers CD29, CD44, and CD90, as well as pluripotency markers, as determined by flow cytometry and real-time quantitative PCR. However, exposure of equine ASCs to 5-azacytidine (5-AZA), reportedly inducing CM differentiation from rats, rabbits, and human ASCs, was not successful in our study. More precisely, neither the early differentiation markers GATA4 and NKX2-5, nor the late CM differentiation markers TNNI3, MYH6, and MYH7 were upregulated in equine ASCs exposed to 10 µM 5-AZA for 48 h. Hence, further work focusing on the optimal conditions for CM differentiation of equine stem cells derived from adipose tissue, as well as possibly from other origins, are needed.
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Immunotherapy and immunoengineering for breast cancer; a comprehensive insight into CAR-T cell therapy advancements, challenges and prospects. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2022; 45:755-777. [PMID: 35943716 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-022-00700-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer (BC) is a highly prevalent solid cancer with a high-rise infiltration of immune cells, turning it into a significant candidate for tumor-specific immunotherapies. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells are emerging as immunotherapeutic tools with genetically engineered receptors to efficiently recognize and attack tumor cells that express specific target antigens. Technological advancements in CAR design have provided five generations of CAR-T cells applicable to a wide range of cancer patients while boosting CAR-T cell therapy safety. However, CAR-T cell therapy is ineffective against breast cancer because of the loss of specified antigens, the immunosuppressive nature of the tumor and CAR-T cell-induced toxicities. Next-generation CAR-T cells actively pass through the tumor vascular barriers, persist for extended periods and disrupt the tumor microenvironment (TME) to block immune escape. CONCLUSION CAR-T cell therapy embodies advanced immunotherapy for BC, but further pre-clinical and clinical assessments are recommended to achieve maximized efficiency and safety.
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Therapeutic Strategy of Mesenchymal-Stem-Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Regenerative Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126480. [PMID: 35742923 PMCID: PMC9224400 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer membrane particles that play critical roles in intracellular communication through EV-encapsulated informative content, including proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are pluripotent stem cells with self-renewal ability derived from bone marrow, fat, umbilical cord, menstruation blood, pulp, etc., which they use to induce tissue regeneration by their direct recruitment into injured tissues, including the heart, liver, lung, kidney, etc., or secreting factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor or insulin-like growth factor. Recently, MSC-derived EVs have been shown to have regenerative effects against various diseases, partially due to the post-transcriptional regulation of target genes by miRNAs. Furthermore, EVs have garnered attention as novel drug delivery systems, because they can specially encapsulate various target molecules. In this review, we summarize the regenerative effects and molecular mechanisms of MSC-derived EVs.
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Shin MJ, Im SH, Kim W, Ahn H, Shin TJ, Chung HJ, Yoon DK. Recyclable Periodic Nanostructure Formed by Sublimable Liquid Crystals for Robust Cell Alignment. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:3765-3774. [PMID: 35302783 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c03359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a facile method to fabricate a recyclable cell-alignment scaffold using nanogrooves based on sublimable liquid crystal (LC) material. Randomly and uniaxially arranged smectic LC structures are obtained, followed by sublimation and recondensation processes, which directly produce periodic nanogrooves with dimensions of a couple of hundreds of nanometers. After treatment with osmium tetroxide (OsO4), the nanogroove can serve as a scaffold to efficiently induce directed cell growth without causing cytotoxicity, and it can be used repeatedly. Together, various cell types are applied to the nanogroove, proving the scaffold's broad applicability. Depending on the nanotopography of the LC structures, cells exhibit different morphologies and gene expression patterns, compared to cells on standard glass substrates, according to microscopic observation and qPCR. Furthermore, cell sheets can be formed, which consist of oriented cells that can be repeatedly formed and transferred to other substrates, while maintaining its organization. We believe that our cell-aligning scaffold may pave the way for the soft material field to bioengineering, which can involve fundamentals in cell behavior and function, as well as applications for regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jeong Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - San Hae Im
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Wantae Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungju Ahn
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, POSTECH, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Joo Shin
- Graduate School of Semiconductor Materials and Devices Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Chung
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology, orea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Ki Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology, orea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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Itoh Y, Itoh S, Naruse H, Kagioka T, Hue MT, Abe M, Hayashi M. Intracellular density is a novel indicator of differentiation stages of murine osteoblast lineage cells. J Cell Biochem 2021; 122:1805-1816. [PMID: 34427353 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Osteoblasts are primary bone-making cells originating from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the bone marrow. The differentiation of MSCs to mature osteoblasts involves an intermediate stage called preosteoblasts, but the details of this process remain unclear. This study focused on the intracellular density of immature osteoblast lineage cells and hypothesized that the density might vary during differentiation and might be associated with the differentiation stages of osteoblast lineage cells. This study aimed to clarify the relationship between intracellular density and differentiation stages using density gradient centrifugation. Primary murine bone marrow stromal cell cultures were prepared in an osteogenic induction medium, and cells were separated into three fractions (low, intermediate, and high-density). The high-density fraction showed elevated expression of osteoblast differentiation markers (Sp7, Col1a1, Spp1, and Bglap) and low expression of MSC surface markers (Sca-1, CD73, CD105, and CD106). In contrast, the low-density fraction showed a high expression of MSC surface markers. These results indicated that intracellular density increased during differentiation from preosteoblasts to committed osteoblasts. Intracellular density may be a novel indicator for osteoblast differentiation stages. Density gradient centrifugation is a novel technique to study the process by which preosteoblasts transform into bone-forming cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Itoh
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shousaku Itoh
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Haruna Naruse
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takumi Kagioka
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mai Thi Hue
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Makoto Abe
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mikako Hayashi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
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Bozorgi A, Khazaei M, Soleimani M, Jamalpoor Z. Application of nanoparticles in bone tissue engineering; a review on the molecular mechanisms driving osteogenesis. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:4541-4567. [PMID: 34075945 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm00504a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The introduction of nanoparticles into bone tissue engineering strategies is beneficial to govern cell fate into osteogenesis and the regeneration of large bone defects. The present study explored the role of nanoparticles to advance osteogenesis with a focus on the cellular and molecular pathways involved. Pubmed, Pubmed Central, Embase, Scopus, and Science Direct databases were explored for those published articles relevant to the involvement of nanoparticles in osteogenic cellular pathways. As multifunctional compounds, nanoparticles contribute to scaffold-free and scaffold-based tissue engineering strategies to progress osteogenesis and bone regeneration. They regulate inflammatory responses and osteo/angio/osteoclastic signaling pathways to generate an osteogenic niche. Besides, nanoparticles interact with biomolecules, enhance their half-life and bioavailability. Nanoparticles are promising candidates to promote osteogenesis. However, the interaction of nanoparticles with the biological milieu is somewhat complicated, and more considerations are recommended on the employment of nanoparticles in clinical applications because of NP-induced toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Bozorgi
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran and Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mozafar Khazaei
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran and Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mansoureh Soleimani
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zahra Jamalpoor
- Trauma Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Synergistic Effect of Plant Extracts on Endodontic Pathogens Isolated from Teeth with Root Canal Treatment Failure: An In Vitro Study. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10050552. [PMID: 34065139 PMCID: PMC8151008 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10050552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the synergistic antimicrobial activity of extracts obtained from Salvadora persica (Miswak), Commiphora molmol (myrrh) and Azadirachta indica (neem) in combination with commercially available antimicrobial agents: penicillin, tetracycline, ofloxacin and fluconazole on endodontic pathogens such as Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus mitis,Actinomyces naeslundii and Candida albicans. MATERIALS AND METHODS Microbiological samples from the root canals of the teeth undergoing retreatment were taken using sterile paper points kept at full length in the canal for 30 s. The disc diffusion method was used to check the susceptibility of microbes to the plant extracts and antimicrobials by measuring the diameter of the inhibition zones. Against the microbes, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC)/minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of the plant extracts were assessed. The fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) was used to estimate the synergistic effect of plant extracts combined with antimicrobials against the resistant endodontic microbes. RESULTS The findings clearly indicate the effectiveness of all the three plant extracts, Commiphora molmol, Azadirachta indica, Salvadora persica, against all the experimental pathogenic microorganisms except for the ineffectiveness of Azadirachta indica, Salvadora persica against Candidaalbicans. Maximum antimicrobial activity was displayed by Azadirachta indica against Enterococcusfaecalis (MIC = 0.09 ± 1.2 mg/mL, MBC = 0.78 ± 1.25 mg/mL) and the minimum antimicrobial activity was displayed by Commiphora molmol against Actinomyces naeslundii (MIC = 12.5 ± 3.25 mg/mL, MBC = 100 ± 3.75 mg/mL). The best synergy was displayed by Commiphora molmol with fluconazole against Candidaalbicans (FICI = 0.45). CONCLUSIONS The current study delineates the variable antimicrobial activity of plant extracts against the experimental endodontic pathogenic microorganisms. Plant extracts in conjunction with various antimicrobials can be valuable aids in combating relatively resistant endodontic microorganisms that have been the cause of worry in recent years, leading to failure even in treatment procedures following all required protocols.
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