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Newman-Tancredi A, Depoortère RY, Kleven MS, Kołaczkowski M, Zimmer L. Translating biased agonists from molecules to medications: Serotonin 5-HT 1A receptor functional selectivity for CNS disorders. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 229:107937. [PMID: 34174274 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Biased agonism (or "functional selectivity") at G-protein-coupled receptors has attracted rapidly increasing interest as a means to improve discovery of more efficacious and safer pharmacotherapeutics. However, most studies are limited to in vitro tests of cellular signaling and few biased agonists have progressed to in vivo testing. As concerns 5-HT1A receptors, which exert a major control of serotonergic signaling in diverse CNS regions, study of biased agonism has previously been limited by the poor target selectivity and/or partial agonism of classically available ligands. However, a new generation of highly selective, efficacious and druggable agonists has advanced the study of biased agonism at this receptor and created new therapeutic opportunities. These novel agonists show differential properties for G-protein signaling, cellular signaling (particularly pERK), electrophysiological effects, neurotransmitter release, neuroimaging by PET and pharmacoMRI, and behavioral tests of mood, motor activity and side effects. Overall, NLX-101 (a.k.a. F15599) exhibits preferential activation of cortical and brain stem 5-HT1A receptors, whereas NLX-112 (a.k.a. befiradol or F13640) shows prominent activation of 5-HT1A autoreceptors in Raphe nuclei and in regions associated with motor control. Accordingly, NLX-101 is potently active in rodent models of depression and respiratory control, whereas NLX-112 shows promising activity in models of Parkinson's disease across several species - rat, marmoset and macaque. Moreover, NLX-112 has also been labeled with 18F to produce the first agonist PET radiopharmaceutical (known as [18F]-F13640) for investigation of the active state of 5-HT1A receptors in rodent, primate and human. The structure-functional activity relationships of biased agonists have been investigated by receptor modeling and novel compounds have been identified which exhibit increased affinity at 5-HT1A receptors and new profiles of cellular signaling bias, notably for β-arrestin recruitment versus pERK. Taken together, the data suggest that 5-HT1A receptor biased agonists constitute potentially superior pharmacological agents for treatment of CNS disorders involving serotonergic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Luc Zimmer
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, Lyon, France; Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, CNRS-INSERM, France
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2
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Scaini G, Tonon T, Moura de Souza CF, Schuck PF, Ferreira GC, Quevedo J, Neto JS, Amorim T, Camelo JS, Margutti AVB, Hencke Tresbach R, Sperb-Ludwig F, Boy R, de Medeiros PFV, Schwartz IVD, Streck EL. Evaluation of plasma biomarkers of inflammation in patients with maple syrup urine disease. J Inherit Metab Dis 2018; 41:10.1007/s10545-018-0188-x. [PMID: 29740775 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-018-0188-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is an autosomal recessive inherited disorder that affects branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) catabolism and is associated with acute and chronic brain dysfunction. Recent studies have shown that inflammation may be involved in the neuropathology of MSUD. However, these studies have mainly focused on single or small subsets of proteins or molecules. Here we performed a case-control study, including 12 treated-MSUD patients, in order to investigate the plasmatic biomarkers of inflammation, to help to establish a possible relationship between these biomarkers and the disease. Our results showed that MSUD patients in treatment with restricted protein diets have high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines [IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6] and cell adhesion molecules [sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1] compared to the control group. However, no significant alterations were found in the levels of IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-7, IL-8, and IL-10 between healthy controls and MSUD patients. Moreover, we found a positive correlation between number of metabolic crisis and IL-1β levels and sICAM-1 in MSUD patients. In conclusion, our findings in plasma of patients with MSUD suggest that inflammation may play an important role in the pathogenesis of MSUD, although this process is not directly associated with BCAA blood levels. Overall, data reported here are consistent with the working hypothesis that inflammation may be involved in the pathophysiological mechanism underlying the brain damage observed in MSUD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giselli Scaini
- Laboratório de Bioenergética e Núcleo de Excelência em Neurociências Aplicadas de Santa Catarina (NENASC), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Av. Universitária, 1105, Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Tássia Tonon
- BRAIN Laboratory (Basic Research and Advanced Investigations in Neurosciences), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Post Graduation Program in Medicine: Medical Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Patricia F Schuck
- Laboratório de Erros Inatos do Metabolismo, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Gustavo C Ferreira
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - João Quevedo
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Tatiana Amorim
- Associação de Pais e Amigos dos Excepcionais (APAE), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Jose S Camelo
- Pediatrics Department, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Rafael Hencke Tresbach
- BRAIN Laboratory (Basic Research and Advanced Investigations in Neurosciences), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Sperb-Ludwig
- BRAIN Laboratory (Basic Research and Advanced Investigations in Neurosciences), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Raquel Boy
- Pediatrics Department, Hospital Universitário Pedro Ernesto, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paula F V de Medeiros
- Unidade Acadêmica de Medicina, Hospital Universitário Alcides Carneiro, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Campina Grande, Brazil
| | - Ida Vanessa D Schwartz
- Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Emilio Luiz Streck
- Laboratório de Bioenergética e Núcleo de Excelência em Neurociências Aplicadas de Santa Catarina (NENASC), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Av. Universitária, 1105, Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil.
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Fiorino F, Severino B, Magli E, Ciano A, Caliendo G, Santagada V, Frecentese F, Perissutti E. 5-HT(1A) receptor: an old target as a new attractive tool in drug discovery from central nervous system to cancer. J Med Chem 2013; 57:4407-26. [PMID: 24295064 DOI: 10.1021/jm400533t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The serotonin receptor subtype 5-HT(1A) was one of the first serotonin receptor subtypes pharmacologically characterized. This receptor subtype has long been object of intense research and is implicated in the pathogenesis and treatment of anxiety and depressive disorders. In recent years, new chemical entities targeting the 5-HT(1A) receptor (alone or in combination with other molecular targets) have been proposed for novel therapeutic uses in neuroprotection, cognitive impairment, Parkinson's disease, pain treatment, malignant carcinoid syndrome, and prostate cancer. This Perspective compares existing data on expression and signaling activity of the 5-HT(1A) receptor to a ligand with an intrinsic agonist or antagonist profile. Our purpose is also to make a complete overview, useful for underlining the features needed to select a specific pharmacological profile rather than another one. This aspect could be really interesting to consider and justify the 5-HT(1A) receptor as a new attractive target for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdinando Fiorino
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II" , Via D. Montesano, 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy
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Sitta A, Ribas GS, Mescka CP, Barschak AG, Wajner M, Vargas CR. Neurological damage in MSUD: the role of oxidative stress. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2013; 34:157-65. [PMID: 24220995 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-013-0002-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 10/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is a metabolic disease caused by a deficiency in the branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase complex, leading to the accumulation of branched-chain keto acids and their corresponding branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) in patients. Treatment involves protein-restricted diet and the supplementation with a specific formula containing essential amino acids (except BCAA) and micronutrients, in order to avoid the appearance of neurological symptoms. Although the accumulation of toxic metabolites is associated to appearance of symptoms, the mechanisms underlying the brain damage in MSUD remain unclear, and new evidence has emerged indicating that oxidative stress contributes to this damage. In this context, this review addresses some of the recent findings obtained from cells lines, animal studies, and from patients indicating that oxidative stress is an important determinant of the pathophysiology of MSUD. Recent works have shown that the metabolites accumulated in the disease induce morphological alterations in C6 glioma cells through nitrogen reactive species generation. In addition, several works demonstrated that the levels of important antioxidants decrease in animal models and also in MSUD patients (what have been attributed to protein-restricted diets). Also, markers of lipid, protein, and DNA oxidative damage have been reported in MSUD, probably secondary to the high production of free radicals. Considering these findings, it is well-established that oxidative stress contributes to brain damage in MSUD, and this review offers new perspectives for the prevention of the neurological damage in MSUD, which may include the use of appropriate antioxidants as a novel adjuvant therapy for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Sitta
- Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90035-903, Brazil,
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Paila YD, Ganguly S, Chattopadhyay A. Metabolic Depletion of Sphingolipids Impairs Ligand Binding and Signaling of Human Serotonin1A Receptors. Biochemistry 2010; 49:2389-97. [DOI: 10.1021/bi1001536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yamuna Devi Paila
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Sourav Ganguly
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Amitabha Chattopadhyay
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, India
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Prasad R, Paila YD, Chattopadhyay A. Membrane cholesterol depletion enhances ligand binding function of human serotonin1A receptors in neuronal cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2009; 390:93-6. [PMID: 19781522 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.09.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2009] [Accepted: 09/16/2009] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Membrane lipid composition of cells in the nervous system is unique and displays remarkable diversity. Cholesterol metabolism and homeostasis in the central nervous system and their role in neuronal function represent important determinants in neuropathogenesis. The serotonin(1A) receptor is an important member of the G-protein coupled receptor superfamily, and is involved in a variety of cognitive, behavioral, and developmental functions. We report here, for the first time, that the ligand binding function of human serotonin(1A) receptors exhibits an increase in membranes isolated from cholesterol-depleted neuronal cells. Our results gain pharmacological significance in view of the recently described structural evidence of specific cholesterol binding site(s) in GPCRs, and could be useful in designing better therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative diseases associated with GPCRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Prasad
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, India
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7
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Paila YD, Chattopadhyay A. The function of G-protein coupled receptors and membrane cholesterol: specific or general interaction? Glycoconj J 2008; 26:711-20. [DOI: 10.1007/s10719-008-9218-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2008] [Revised: 10/29/2008] [Accepted: 11/07/2008] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Paila YD, Murty MR, Vairamani M, Chattopadhyay A. Signaling by the human serotonin1A receptor is impaired in cellular model of Smith–Lemli–Opitz Syndrome. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2008; 1778:1508-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2008.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2008] [Revised: 03/01/2008] [Accepted: 03/05/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Jafurulla M, Chattopadhyay A. Solubilization of human serotonin1A receptors expressed in neuronal cells. Chem Phys Lipids 2007; 150:244-9. [PMID: 17888419 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2007.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2007] [Revised: 07/24/2007] [Accepted: 08/14/2007] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The serotonin 1A receptor is an important member of the G-protein coupled receptor family, and is involved in a variety of cognitive, behavioral, and developmental functions. None of the subtypes of G-protein coupled serotonin receptors have yet been purified to homogeneity from natural sources. We report here, for the first time, the solubilization of human serotonin(1A) receptors stably expressed in neuronal (HN2) cells. Importantly, ligand binding assay shows that the serotonin 1A receptor solubilized this way is functionally active. The effective solubilization of the serotonin 1A receptor from neuronal cells represents an important step toward the purification of the receptor in native-like membrane environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Jafurulla
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
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Kalipatnapu S, Chattopadhyay A. Membrane Organization and Function of the Serotonin1A Receptor. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2007; 27:1097-116. [PMID: 17710529 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-007-9189-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2007] [Accepted: 07/27/2007] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
(1) The serotonin(1A) receptor is a G-protein coupled receptor involved in several cognitive, behavioral, and developmental functions. It binds the neurotransmitter serotonin and signals across the membrane through its interactions with heterotrimeric G-proteins. (2) Lipid-protein interactions in membranes play an important role in the assembly, stability, and function of membrane proteins. The role of membrane environment in serotonin(1A) receptor function is beginning to be addressed by exploring the consequences of lipid manipulations on the ligand binding and G-protein coupling of serotonin(1A) receptors, the ability to functionally solubilize the serotonin(1A) receptor, and the factors influencing the membrane organization of the serotonin(1A) receptor. (3) Recent developments involving the application of detergent-based and detergent-free approaches to understand the membrane organization of the serotonin(1A) receptor under conditions of ligand activation and modulation of membrane lipid content, with an emphasis on membrane cholesterol, are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanti Kalipatnapu
- Divisionof Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0377, USA
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Ribeiro CA, Sgaravatti AM, Rosa RB, Schuck PF, Grando V, Schmidt AL, Ferreira GC, Perry MLS, Dutra-Filho CS, Wajner M. Inhibition of brain energy metabolism by the branched-chain amino acids accumulating in maple syrup urine disease. Neurochem Res 2007; 33:114-24. [PMID: 17680360 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-007-9423-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2007] [Accepted: 06/19/2007] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In the present work we investigated the in vitro effect of the branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) accumulating in maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) on some parameters of energy metabolism in cerebral cortex of rats. 14CO2 production from [1-14C]acetate, [1-5-14C]citrate and [U-14C]glucose, as well as glucose uptake by the brain were evaluated by incubating cortical prisms from 30-day-old rats in the absence (controls) or presence of leucine (Leu), valine (Val) or isoleucine (Ile). All amino acids significantly reduced 14CO2 production by around 20-55%, in contrast to glucose utilization, which was significantly increased by up to 90%. Furthermore, Leu significantly inhibited the activity of the respiratory chain complex IV, whereas Val and Ile markedly inhibited complexes II-III, III and IV by up to 40%. We also observed that trolox (alpha-tocopherol) and creatine totally prevented the inhibitory effects provoked by the BCAA on the respiratory chain complex activities, suggesting that free radicals were involved in these effects. The results indicate that the major metabolites accumulating in MSUD disturb brain aerobic metabolism by compromising the citric acid cycle and the electron flow through the respiratory chain. We presume that these findings may be of relevance to the understanding of the pathophysiology of the neurological dysfunction of MSUD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- César A Ribeiro
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90035-003, Brazil
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