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Yang J, Cai JH, Wu TX, Gao ZQ, Zhou C, Wu Q, Ji MJ. Salvinorin A ameliorates pilocarpine-induced seizures by regulating hippocampal microglia polarization. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 335:118697. [PMID: 39154669 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Salvia divinorum (Epling and Játiva) is a psychoactive plant traditionally used by the Latinos for various medicinal purposes. Salvinorin A (Sal A), the main bioactive constituent of S. divinorum, is a natural highly selective kappa opioid receptor (KOR) agonist. Considering the anti-inflammatory effect of S. divinorum and endogenous hippocampal dynorphin/kappa opioid receptor (KOR) system playing an anticonvulsant function, we hypothesis that Sal A can be a potential candidate to treat epilepsy. Here, we identified whether Sal A ameliorated epileptic seizures and neuronal damages in animal model and in vitro model and investigated its underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mice epilepsy model was induced by pilocarpine following seizures assessed by Racine classification. Hippocampus tissues were obtained for genetic, protein, and histological investigation. Furthermore, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated BV2 microglial cells were utilized to validate the anti-inflammatory and microglia polarization regulation effects of Sal A. RESULTS Sal A treatment significantly prolonged the latency to status epileptics (SE) and shortened the duration of SE in the pilocarpine-induced model. It also alleviated neuronal damages via activation of the AMPK/JNK/p-38 MAPK pathway and inhibition of apoptosis-related protein in hippocampus tissues. Furthermore, Sal A dose-dependently reduced microglia-mediated expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased anti-inflammatory factors levels in SE mice and LPS-activated BV2 microglial cells by regulating microglia polarization. In addition, the effect of Sal A in vitro was totally blocked by KOR antagonist nor-BNI. CONCLUSION Sal A treatment protects against epileptic seizures and neuronal damages in pilocarpine-induced models by suppressing the inflammation response through regulating microglial M1/M2 polarization. This study might serve as a theoretical basis for clinical applications of Sal A and its analogs and provide a new insight into the development of anti-seizure drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Yang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, School of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Ji-Heng Cai
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, School of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Sheyang County People's Hospital, Yancheng, 224300, China.
| | - Tong-Xuan Wu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, School of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Gao
- School of Pharmacology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Chao Zhou
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, School of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Qi Wu
- Department of Physiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Miao-Jin Ji
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, School of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
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Chauhan P, Wadhwa K, Mishra R, Gupta S, Ahmad F, Kamal M, Iqbal D, Alsaweed M, Nuli MV, Abomughaid MM, Almutary AG, Mishra PC, Jha SK, Ojha S, Nelson VK, Dargar A, Singh G, Jha NK. Investigating the Potential Therapeutic Mechanisms of Puerarin in Neurological Diseases. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04222-4. [PMID: 38780722 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04222-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Plants and their derived phytochemicals have a long history of treating a wide range of illnesses for several decades. They are believed to be the origin of a diverse array of medicinal compounds. One of the compounds found in kudzu root is puerarin, a isoflavone glycoside commonly used as an alternative medicine to treat various diseases. From a biological perspective, puerarin can be described as a white needle crystal with the chemical name of 7-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-benzopyran-4-one-8-D-glucopyranoside. Besides, puerarin is sparingly soluble in water and produces no color or light yellow solution. Multiple experimental and clinical studies have confirmed the significant therapeutic effects of puerarin. These effects span a wide range of pharmacological effects, including neuroprotection, hepatoprotection, cardioprotection, immunomodulation, anticancer properties, anti-diabetic properties, anti-osteoporosis properties, and more. Puerarin achieves these effects by interacting with various cellular and molecular pathways, such as MAPK, AMPK, NF-κB, mTOR, β-catenin, and PKB/Akt, as well as different receptors, enzymes, and growth factors. The current review highlights the molecular mechanism of puerarin as a neuroprotective agent in the treatment of various neurodegenerative and neurological diseases. Extensive cellular, animal, and clinical research has provided valuable insights into its effectiveness in conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, cerebral stroke, depression, and more.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payal Chauhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Karan Wadhwa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Richa Mishra
- Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Parul University, Gujrat, Vadodara, 391760, India
| | - Saurabh Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Fuzail Ahmad
- Respiratory Care Department, College of Applied Sciences, Almaarefa University, Diriya, Riyadh, 13713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mehnaz Kamal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Danish Iqbal
- Department of Health Information Management, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Buraydah Private Colleges, Buraydah, 51418, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alsaweed
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah, 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohana Vamsi Nuli
- Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Anantapur, India
| | - Mosleh Mohammad Abomughaid
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, Bisha, 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmajeed G Almutary
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 59911, United Arab Emirates
| | - Prabhu Chandra Mishra
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Saurabh Kumar Jha
- Department of Zoology, Kalindi College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Shreesh Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Vinod Kumar Nelson
- Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Anantapur, India.
| | - Abha Dargar
- Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Anand Nagar, Krishnankoil, Virudhunagar, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Govind Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India.
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
- School of Bioengineering & Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, India.
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied & Life Sciences (SALS), Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, 248007, India.
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India.
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Liu X, Huang R, Wan J. Puerarin: a potential natural neuroprotective agent for neurological disorders. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 162:114581. [PMID: 36966665 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Puerarin is an isoflavone compound derived from Pueraria lobata in traditional Chinese medicine. Accumulating evidence has indicated that puerarin demonstrates multiple pharmacological effects and exhibits treatment potential for various neurological disorders. Based on the latest research progress on puerarin as a neuroprotective agent, its pharmacological activity, molecular mechanism, and therapeutic application were systematically reviewed with emphasis on pre-clinical studies. The related information was extracted and compiled from major scientific databases, including PubMed, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, using 'Puerarin', 'Neuroprotection', 'Apoptosis', 'Autophagy', 'Antioxidant', 'Mitochondria', 'Anti-inflammation' as keywords. This review complied with The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews criteria. Forty-three articles met established inclusion and exclusion criteria. Puerarin has shown neuroprotective effects against a variety of neurological disorders, including ischemic cerebrovascular disease, subarachnoid hemorrhage, epilepsy, cognitive disorders, traumatic brain injury, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, anxiety, depression, diabetic neuropathy, and neuroblastoma/glioblastoma. Puerarin demonstrates anti-apoptosis, proinflammatory mediator inhibitory, autophagy regulatory, anti-oxidative stress, mitochondria protection, Ca2+ influx inhibitory, and anti-neurodegenerative activities. Puerarin exerts noticeable neuroprotective effects on various models of neurological disorders in vivo (animal). This review will contribute to the development of puerarin as a novel clinical drug candidate for the treatment of neurological disorders. However, well-designed, high-quality, large-scale, multicenter randomized clinical studies are needed to determine the safety and clinical utility of puerarin in patients with neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jiye Wan
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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Zhang Q, Yao M, Qi J, Song R, Wang L, Li J, Zhou X, Chang D, Huang Q, Li L, Wang N. Puerarin inhibited oxidative stress and alleviated cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury through PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 signaling pathway. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1134380. [PMID: 37284311 PMCID: PMC10240043 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1134380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Puerarin (PUE) is a natural compound isolated from Puerariae Lobatae Radix, which has a neuroprotective effect on IS. We explored the therapeutic effect and underlying mechanism of PUE on cerebral I/R injury by inhibiting oxidative stress related to the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 pathway in vitro and in vivo. Methods: The middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R) rats and oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD/R) were selected as the models, respectively. The therapeutic effect of PUE was observed using triphenyl tetrazolium and hematoxylin-eosin staining. Tunel-NeuN staining and Nissl staining to quantify hippocampal apoptosis. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was detected by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence. Biochemical method to detect oxidative stress levels. The protein expression related to PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 pathway was detected by using Western blotting. Finally, co-immunoprecipitation was used to study the molecular interaction between Keap1 and Nrf2. Results: In vivo and vitro studies showed that PUE improved neurological deficits in rats, as well as decreased oxidative stress. Immunofluorescence and flow cytometry indicated that the release of ROS can be inhibited by PUE. In addition, the Western blotting results showed that PUE promoted the phosphorylation of PI3K and Akt, and enabled Nrf2 to enter the nucleus, which further activated the expression of downstream antioxidant enzymes such as HO-1. The combination of PUE with PI3K inhibitor LY294002 reversed these results. Finally, co-immunoprecipitation results showed that PUE promoted Nrf2-Keap1 complex dissociation. Discussion: Taken together, PUE can activate Nrf2 via PI3K/Akt and promote downstream antioxidant enzyme expression, which could further ameliorate oxidative stress, against I/R-induced Neuron injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Min Yao
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Jiajia Qi
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Rui Song
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Jiacheng Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Xian Zhou
- National Institute of Complementary Medicine, Western Sydney University, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Dennis Chang
- National Institute of Complementary Medicine, Western Sydney University, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Qi Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Lili Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Institute for Pharmacodynamics and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Anhui Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Institute for Pharmacodynamics and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Anhui Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
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5
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Wang Q, Shen ZN, Zhang SJ, Sun Y, Zheng FJ, Li YH. Protective effects and mechanism of puerarin targeting PI3K/Akt signal pathway on neurological diseases. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1022053. [PMID: 36353499 PMCID: PMC9637631 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1022053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurological diseases impose a tremendous and increasing burden on global health, and there is currently no curative agent. Puerarin, a natural isoflavone extracted from the dried root of Pueraria montana var. Lobata (Willd.) Sanjappa and Predeep, is an active ingredient with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and autophagy-regulating effects. It has great potential in the treatment of neurological and other diseases. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) signal pathway is a crucial signal transduction mechanism that regulates biological processes such as cell regeneration, apoptosis, and cognitive memory in the central nervous system, and is closely related to the pathogenesis of nervous system diseases. Accumulating evidence suggests that the excellent neuroprotective effect of puerarin may be related to the regulation of the PI3K/Akt signal pathway. Here, we summarized the main biological functions and neuroprotective effects of puerarin via activating PI3K/Akt signal pathway in neurological diseases. This paper illustrates that puerarin, as a neuroprotective agent, can protect nerve cells and delay the progression of neurological diseases through the PI3K/Akt signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yu-Hang Li
- *Correspondence: Feng-Jie Zheng, ; Yu-Hang Li,
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Xu B, Li J, Chen X, Kou M. Puerarin attenuates cisplatin-induced apoptosis of hair cells through the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2022; 1869:119208. [PMID: 35032475 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2021.119208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Puerarin, one of the main components of Pueraria lobata, has been reported to possess a wide range of pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidative and anti-apoptotic effects. However, the role of puerarin in ototoxic drug-induced hair cell injury has not been well characterized. This study explored whether puerarin protects against cisplatin-induced hair cell damage and its potential mechanisms. The viability of puerarin-treated HEI-OC1 cells was assessed by CCK8 assay. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) was estimated with flow cytometric analysis using Cellrox Green fluorescent probe. Apoptosis-related protein levels were detected by western blot analysis. Immunostaining of the organ of Corti was performed to determine mice cochlear hair cell survival. Our results showed that puerarin improved cell viability and suppressed apoptosis in the cisplatin-damaged HEI-OC1 cells and cochlear hair cells. Mechanistic studies revealed that puerarin attenuated mitochondrial apoptosis pathway by regulating apoptotic related proteins, such as Bax and cleaved caspase-3, and attenuated ROS accumulation after cisplatin damage. Moreover, puerarin was involved in regulating the Akt pathway in HEI-OC1 cells in response to cisplatin. Our results demonstrated that puerarin administration decreased the sensitivity to apoptosis dependent on the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway by reducing ROS generation, which could be used as a new protective agent against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqiang Xu
- Department of Radiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, No.256, You Yi West Street, Xi'an 710068, PR China
| | - Juedan Li
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 98 XiWu Road, Xi'an 710004, PR China; Department of General Dentistry and Emergency Room, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 98 XiWu Road, Xi'an 710004, PR China
| | - Xiaolong Chen
- Department of Radiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, No.256, You Yi West Street, Xi'an 710068, PR China
| | - Mingqing Kou
- Department of Radiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, No.256, You Yi West Street, Xi'an 710068, PR China.
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Wang L, Jiang W, Wang J, Xie Y, Wang W. Puerarin inhibits FUNDC1-mediated mitochondrial autophagy and CSE-induced apoptosis of human bronchial epithelial cells by activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:1253-1264. [PMID: 35134750 PMCID: PMC8876910 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with FUN14 domain protein 1 (FUNDC1)-mediated mitophagy. Recently, studies have reported that puerarin has protective effects against excessive oxidative damage in cells. Therefore, we hypothesized that puerarin may be involved in COPD progression via regulating FUNDC1 mediated mitophagy. We found that the viability of cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-stimulated human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs) was enhanced and apoptosis was reduced after treatment with different concentrations of puerarin. Puerarin reversed mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) levels and ATP content, and decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) content in CSE stimulated HBECs. Moreover, puerarin significantly inhibited apoptosis related proteins, as well as the expression of mitophagy related proteins. After inhibition of FUNDC1 phosphorylation by protein phosphatase inhibitor (PH0321), puerarin restored MMP level, decreased ROS content, promoted ATP synthesis, and downregulated autophagy related protein expression in HBECs. In addition, mitochondrial division inhibitor (Mdivi) inhibited the expression of autophagy related proteins and reduced apoptosis after blocking cell autophagy, which was the same as the inhibition of puerarin. Finally, puerarin activated the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway to participate in COPD progression by up regulating the phosphorylation levels of PI3K, Akt and mTOR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yan’an University Affiliated Hospital, Yan’an 716000, China
| | - Weizhou Jiang
- Department of Pulmonology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang 261041, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Endoscopy Room, Tai’an Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Tai’an 271000, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xie
- Department of Geriatrics, Yan’an University Affiliated Hospital, Yan’an 716000, China
| | - Weisi Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310005, China
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Wen S, Wang L, Zou H, Gu J, Song R, Bian J, Yuan Y, Liu Z. Puerarin Attenuates Cadmium-Induced Neuronal Injury via Stimulating Cadmium Excretion, Inhibiting Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11070978. [PMID: 34356602 PMCID: PMC8301907 DOI: 10.3390/biom11070978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a potential pathogenic factor in the nervous system associated with various neurodegenerative disorders. Puerarin (Pur) is an isoflavone purified from the Chinese medical herb, kudzu root, and exhibits antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties in the brain. In this study, the detailed mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective potential of Pur against Cd-induced neuronal injury was evaluated for the first time in vivo in a rat model and in vitro using primary rat cerebral cortical neurons. The results of the in vivo experiments showed that Pur ameliorated Cd-induced neuronal injury, reduced Cd levels in the cerebral cortices, and stimulated Cd excretion in Cd-treated rats. We also observed that the administration of Pur rescued Cd-induced oxidative stress, and attenuated Cd-induced apoptosis by concomitantly suppressing both the Fas/FasL and mitochondrial pathways in the cerebral cortical neurons of rats both in vivo and in vitro. Our results demonstrate that Pur exerted its neuroprotective effects by stimulating Cd excretion, ameliorating Cd-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in rat cerebral cortical neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangquan Wen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (S.W.); (L.W.); (H.Z.); (J.G.); (R.S.); (J.B.)
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (S.W.); (L.W.); (H.Z.); (J.G.); (R.S.); (J.B.)
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Hui Zou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (S.W.); (L.W.); (H.Z.); (J.G.); (R.S.); (J.B.)
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jianhong Gu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (S.W.); (L.W.); (H.Z.); (J.G.); (R.S.); (J.B.)
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Ruilong Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (S.W.); (L.W.); (H.Z.); (J.G.); (R.S.); (J.B.)
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jianchun Bian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (S.W.); (L.W.); (H.Z.); (J.G.); (R.S.); (J.B.)
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yan Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (S.W.); (L.W.); (H.Z.); (J.G.); (R.S.); (J.B.)
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Y.); (Z.L.)
| | - Zongping Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (S.W.); (L.W.); (H.Z.); (J.G.); (R.S.); (J.B.)
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Y.); (Z.L.)
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Botulinum toxin type A reduces the expression of transient receptor potential melastatin 3 and transient receptor potential vanilloid type 4 in the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis of a rat model of trigeminal neuralgia. Neuroreport 2020; 30:735-740. [PMID: 31116130 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the expression of transient receptor potential melastatin 3 (TRPM3) and transient receptor potential vanilloid type 4 (TRPV4) in the trigeminal spinal subnucleus caudalis of a rat model of trigeminal neuralgia (TN). The influence of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) on the expression of these channels was also explored. In this study, a model was established involving chronic constriction injury to the infraorbital nerve (ION-CCI), inducing TN. To explore the effects of BTX-A and whether it was dose related, rats were divided randomly into four groups: a control group, an ION-CCI group, a 3 U group, and a 10 U group (which received 3 and 10 U/kg BTX-A injections, respectively). Von Frey hairs were used to determine the pain threshold of the rats. The expression of TRPM3 and TRPV4 in the trigeminal spinal subnucleus caudalis was detected using western blots and immunohistochemistry. The pain thresholds of rats decreased to a minimum 14 days after ION-CCI. Compared with the ION-CCI group, the pain thresholds of the 3 and 10 U groups were significantly higher 4 days after the subcutaneous injection of BTX-A (P<0.05). The expression of TRPM3 and TRPV4 in the ION-CCI group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). TRPM3 and TRPV4 expression in the 3 and 10 U groups was significantly lower than that in the ION-CCI group (P<0.05). In conclusion, overexpression of TRPM3 and TRPV4 can jointly mediate the occurrence of mechanical hyperalgesia in TN. The analgesic effects of BTX-A may be related to the inhibition of TRPM3 and TRPV4 expression.
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Li N, Pan J, Liu W, Li Y, Li F, Liu M. MicroRNA-15a-5p serves as a potential biomarker and regulates the viability and apoptosis of hippocampus neuron in children with temporal lobe epilepsy. Diagn Pathol 2020; 15:46. [PMID: 32384924 PMCID: PMC7206675 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-020-00944-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most common type of epilepsy, usually starting in childhood. The dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) has been identified in neurological disorders. The current study investigated the expression level and clinical significance of miR-15a-5p in TLE children, and explored its function in regulating cell behaviors of hippocampal neurons. METHODS The expression level of miR-15a-5p was examined in the serum of 63 TLE children. Primary hippocampal cells were cultured in magnesium-free medium to mimic TLE condition in children. The effect of miR-15a-5p on the viability and apoptosis of hippocampus neuron was assessed using MTT or flow cytometric apoptosis assay. RESULTS TLE children had significantly low expression of miR-15a-5p. MiR-15a-5p was of great value for the diagnosis of TLE in children, with high specificity and sensitivity. The expression level of miR-15a-5p was decreased significantly in hippocampal cells treated in the magnesium-free medium. Overexpression of miR-15a-5p attenuated TLE-induced reduction for cell viability, and reversed the cell apoptosis induced by TLE. CONCLUSIONS MiR-15a-5p is downregulated in children with TLE, and overexpression of miR-15a-5p promoted the viability and inhibited the apoptosis of hippocampal neuron. MiR-15a-5p may be a promising biomarker for the diagnosis of children TLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Department of Pediatric Medicine, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, 262500, P.R. China
| | - Jingmei Pan
- Department of Pediatric Medicine, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, 262500, P.R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Pediatric Medicine, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, 262500, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Medical Image, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, 262500, P.R. China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Weifang People's Hospital, No. 151, Guangwen Street, Weifang, Shandong, 261000, P.R. China.
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Medical Insurance, Weifang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, 261021, P.R. China.
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Yang H, Zhang R, Jia C, Chen M, Yin W, Wei L, Jiao H. Neuronal protective effect of Songling Xuemaikang capsules alone and in combination with carbamazepine on epilepsy in kainic acid-kindled rats. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2019; 57:22-28. [PMID: 30724642 PMCID: PMC6366425 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2018.1563619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Epilepsy is a common life-threatening neurological disorder that is often drug-resistant and associated with cognitive impairment. The traditional Chinese patent medicine Songling Xuemaikang capsules (SXC) is clinically used for epilepsy therapy and alleviation of cognitive impairment. OBJECTIVE This study investigates the neuronal protective effect of SXC combined with carbamazepine (CBZ) on epilepsy and cognitive impairment in kainic acid-kindled SD rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Kainic acid-kindled rats were established by injection of 0.45 μg kainic acid and randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 14): saline (sham-operated), control, CBZ, SXC and CBZ + SXC combined group. Rats in the treatment groups received CBZ (50 mg/kg/d), SXC (600 mg/kg/d) or combined CBZ (50 mg/kg/d) + SXC (600 mg/kg/d) via intragastric injection for 60 days. Epileptic behaviours, cognitive impairment, neuronal apoptosis and expression of p-Akt, Akt and caspase-9 were measured, and the alleviation of cognitive damage and neuronal apoptosis was analyzed. RESULTS The combined administration of SXC and CBZ significantly decreased the frequency of seizures (1.2 ± 0.3) and the number of episodes (1.3 ± 0.5) above stage III (p < 0.05). Neuronal apoptosis was improved (p < 0.01), and cognitive damage was ameliorated (p < 0.05).The level of p-Akt was enhanced (p < 0.01) whereas the expression of caspase-9 was evidently inhibited (p < 0.01) in the combined group. CONCLUSIONS The present findings confirm that the combined use of SXC with CBZ can effectively control epileptic seizures, alleviate damage to hippocampal neurons and protect against cognitive impairment. The mechanism of action might be related to the upregulation of p-Akt and inhibition of caspase-9 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chen Jia
- Department of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Mengyu Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wen Yin
- Department of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Liming Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Haisheng Jiao
- Department of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
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Dehydroepiandrosterone alleviates oxidative stress and apoptosis in iron-induced epilepsy via activation of Nrf2/ARE signal pathway. Brain Res Bull 2019; 153:181-190. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Apoptosis and proliferation in the inferior colliculus during postnatal development and epileptogenesis in audiogenic Krushinsky-Molodkina rats. Epilepsy Behav 2018; 88:227-234. [PMID: 30316149 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2018.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
It is known that audiogenic seizure (AGS) expression is based on the activation of the midbrain structures such as the inferior colliculus (IC). It was demonstrated that excessive sound exposure during the postnatal developments of the IC in rats led to AGS susceptibility in adulthood, which correlated with underdevelopment of the IC. In adult rodents, noise overstimulation induced apoptosis in the IC. The purpose of this study was to investigate postnatal development of the IC in rats genetically prone to AGS and to check if audiogenic kindling would activate apoptosis and/or proliferation in the IC. In our study, we used inbred audiogenic Krushinsky-Molodkina (KM) rats, which are characterized by age-dependent seizure expression. Analysis of postnatal development showed the increased number of proliferating cells in the IC central nucleus of KM rats on the 14th postnatal day (P14) in comparison with those of Wistar rats. Moreover, we also observed increased apoptosis level and decreased general cell population in the IC central nucleus. These data pointed towards a delayed development of the IC in KM rats. Analysis of the IC central nucleus of KM rat after audiogenic kindling for a week, with one AGS per day, demonstrated dramatically increased cell death, which was accompanied with a reduction of general cell population. Audiogenic kindling also decreased proliferation in the IC central nucleus. However, a week after the last AGS, the number of proliferating cells was increased, which supposes a certain compensatory mechanism to prevent cell loss.
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Ali AE, Mahdy HM, Elsherbiny DM, Azab SS. Rifampicin ameliorates lithium-pilocarpine-induced seizures, consequent hippocampal damage and memory deficit in rats: Impact on oxidative, inflammatory and apoptotic machineries. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 156:431-443. [PMID: 30195730 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Epilepsy is one of the serious neurological sequelae of bacterial meningitis. Rifampicin, the well-known broad spectrum antibiotic, is clinically used for chemoprophylaxis of meningitis. Besides its antibiotic effects, rifampicin has been proven to be an effective neuroprotective candidate in various experimental models of neurological diseases. In addition, rifampicin was found to have promising antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects. Herein, we investigated the anticonvulsant effect of rifampicin at experimental meningitis dose (20 mg/kg, i.p.) using lithium-pilocarpine model of status epilepticus (SE) in rats. Additionally, we studied the effect of rifampicin on seizure induced histopathological, neurochemical and behavioral abnormalities. Our study showed that rifampicin pretreatment attenuated seizure activity and the resulting hippocampal insults marked by hematoxylin and eosin. Markers of oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and apoptosis were evaluated, in the hippocampus, 24 h after SE induction. We found that rifampicin pretreatment suppressed oxidative stress as indicated by normalized malondialdehyde and glutathione levels. Rifampicin pretreatment attenuated SE-induced neuroinflammation and decreased the hippocampal expression of interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, nuclear factor kappa-B, and cyclooxygenase-2. Moreover, rifampicin mitigated SE-induced neuronal apoptosis as indicated by fewer positive cytochrome c immunostained cells and lower caspase-3 activity in the hippocampus. Furthermore, Morris water maze testing at 7 days after SE induction showed that rifampicin pretreatment can improve cognitive dysfunction. Therefore, rifampicin, currently used in the management of meningitis, has a potential additional advantage of ameliorating its epileptic sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa E Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Heba M Mahdy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Doaa M Elsherbiny
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samar S Azab
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Li W, Lu M, Zhang Y, Xia D, Chen Z, Wang L, Yin N, Wang Z. Puerarin attenuates the daunorubicin-induced apoptosis of H9c2 cells by activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway via the inhibition of Ca2+ influx. Int J Mol Med 2017; 40:1889-1894. [PMID: 29039532 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Puerarin extracted from Radix Puerariae is well known for its pharmacological effects, including antioxidant, anti‑inflammatory, neuroprotective and cardioprotective properties. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of puerarin on the daunorubicin (DNR)-induced apoptosis of H9c2 cells and to elucidate the potential mechanisms involved. MTT assay and flow cytometry were performed to evaluate cell cytotoxicity and apoptosis, respectively. Western blot analysis was used to assess changes in the expression levels of proteins, including caspase-3, Akt and phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt). Ratiometric imaging of intracellular calcium (Ca2+) using cells loaded with Fura-2 was also carried out. Our results revealed that puerarin pre-treatment protected the H9c2 cells against DNR-induced cytotoxicity by inhibiting cell apoptosis, which was also confirmed by the decrease in the expression of cleaved caspase-3. Additionally, p-Akt activation was associated with the suppressive effects of puerarin. Following pre-treatment with puerarin, the extracellular Ca2+ influx was restrained and this resulted in a reduction in the intracellular Ca2+ levels; these effects were abrogated by LY294002 [an inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)]. The inhibition of Ca2+ influx suggested that the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway participated in the suppressive effects of puerarin against H9c2 cell apoptosis. Taken togher, our findings demonstrate that puerarin attenuates the DNR-induced apoptosis of H9c2 cells by activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway via the inhibition of Ca2+ influx, suggesting that puerarin may be a potential cardioprotective agent for use in the clinical treatment of cardiomyopathy triggered by DNR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Li
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430077, P.R. China
| | - Min Lu
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China
| | - Yanhong Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, P.R. China
| | - Danqin Xia
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430077, P.R. China
| | - Zebin Chen
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion College, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine/Hubei Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Preventive Treatment by Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, P.R. China
| | - Linhua Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei Rongjun Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P.R. China
| | - Nina Yin
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, P.R. China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, P.R. China
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Liang F, Xie S. Puerarin prevents tumor necrosis factor-α-induced apoptosis of PC12 cells via activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:813-818. [PMID: 28673004 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), a potential proinflammatory cytokine, is an important component involved in neuronal apoptosis associated with neuroinflammation in the central nervous system. It has been reported that puerarin possesses pharmacological effects, such as anti-apoptotic, antioxidant, anti-osteoporosis, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective and neuroprotective actions. The aim of the present study was to explore the effect of puerarin on apoptosis induced by TNF-α (3×105 U/l) and its detailed mechanisms in PC12 cells. MTT and flow cytometric assays were performed to evaluate cell cytotoxicity and apoptosis, respectively. An enzymatic assay was used to detect the activity of caspase-3 and caspase-9. Western blot analysis was performed to assess changes in the levels of proteins, including B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), caspase-3, Akt and phosphorylated Akt. The results showed that puerarin (25 and 50 µM) significantly suppressed TNF-α-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells. The TNF-α-induced in crease in the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio was markedly inhibited by pre-treatment with puerarin for 2 h. In addition, puerarin decreased the level of TNF-α-induced cleaved caspase-3. Furthermore, puerarin inhibited the TNF-α-induced decrease in the phosphorylation of Akt, which was abolished by LY294002, a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor, suggesting that the PI3K/Akt pathway participated in the suppressive effect of puerarin. Taken together, these findings indicated that puerarin prevented TNF-α-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells via activating of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, suggesting that puerarin may be a potential neuroprotective drug in the clinical treatment of neuroinflammation via anti-apoptotic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Liang
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, P.R. China
| | - Shenggao Xie
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, P.R. China
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Cong X, Zhang Q, Li H, Jiang Z, Cao R, Gao S, Tian W. Puerarin ameliorates heat stress–induced oxidative damage and apoptosis in bovine Sertoli cells by suppressing ROS production and upregulating Hsp72 expression. Theriogenology 2017; 88:215-227. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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18
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Liu G, Wang J, Deng XH, Ma PS, Li FM, Peng XD, Niu Y, Sun T, Li YX, Yu JQ. The Anticonvulsant and Neuroprotective Effects of Oxysophocarpine on Pilocarpine-Induced Convulsions in Adult Male Mice. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2016; 37:339-349. [DOI: 10.1007/s10571-016-0411-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Wu C, Xie N, Lian Y, Xu H, Chen C, Zheng Y, Chen Y, Zhang H. Central antinociceptive activity of peripherally applied botulinum toxin type A in lab rat model of trigeminal neuralgia. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:431. [PMID: 27104119 PMCID: PMC4828356 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-2071-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background BoNT-A is often used in the clinical treatment for movement disorders. In recent years, various clinical studies suggest that BoNT-A can effectively alleviate pain caused by trigeminal neuralgia (TN); however, its mechanism remains unclear. Methods In this study, we used a lab rat model for TN produced by chronic constriction injury of the infraorbital nerve (ION-CCI). Restrained rats were injected subcutaneously with BoNT-A into the whisker pad tissue (ipsilaterally to the nerve injury) 14 days after the ION-CCI. Allodynia was tested by Von Frey filaments and TRPs and cSNAP-25 were tested by western blot. Results Peripheral application of BoNT-A (3, 10 U/kg) significantly increased the pain threshold of ION-CCI rats. Rota-rod test showed that BoNT-A administration at doses tested did not significantly affect rat motor coordination. By probing for a specific marker for BoNT-A, cleaved synaptosomal-associated protein 25 (cSNAP-25), we found that peripheral application of BoNT-A (10 U/kg) affected brainstem Vc, which could be blocked by the axonal transport blocker colchicine. In addition, western blot analysis showed that in the Vc region of ION-CCI rats, the expression levels of TRPA1, TRPV1, TRPV2 and TRPM8 increased, whereas peripheral application of BoNT-A significantly lowered the high expression of TRPA1, TRPV1 and TRPV2, but not TRPM8 at 7 days after BoNT-A injection. Conclusions The finding of this study suggest that peripherally applied BoNT-A can produce antinociceptive effects in ION-CCI model. The underlying mechanisms may be BoNT-A acts on the Vc via axonal transport, inhibits the high expression of TRPA1, TRPV1 and TRPV2, and reduces central sensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanjie Wu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
| | - Nanchang Xie
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
| | - Yajun Lian
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
| | - Hongliang Xu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
| | - Yake Zheng
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
| | - Yuan Chen
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
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Anukulthanakorn K, Parhar IS, Jaroenporn S, Kitahashi T, Watanbe G, Malaivijitnond S. Neurotherapeutic Effects of Pueraria mirifica Extract in Early- and Late-Stage Cognitive Impaired Rats. Phytother Res 2016; 30:929-39. [PMID: 26915634 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Revised: 01/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We determined the neurotherapeutic effects of Pueraria mirifica extract (PME) and pure puerarin (PU) in comparison with 17β-estradiol (E2 ) in early- and late-stage cognitive impaired rats. Rats were ovariectomized (OVX), kept for 2 and 4 months to induce early- and late-stage cognitive impairment, respectively, and divided into four groups that were treated daily with (i) distilled water, (ii) 100 mg/kg of PME, (iii) 7 mg/kg of PU, and (iv) 80 µg/kg of E2 for 4 months. The estrogen deficiency symptoms of OVX rats were abrogated by treatment with E2 or PME, but not by treatment with PU. The mRNA level of genes associated with amyloid production (App and Bace1) and hyperphosphorylated Tau (Tau4) were upregulated together with the level of impaired cognition in the 2- and 4-month OVX rats. Treatment with E2 reduced the level of cognitive impairment more than that with PME and PU, and 2-month OVX rats were more responsive than 4-month OVX rats. All treatments down-regulated the Bace1 mRNA level in 2-month OVX rats, while PU and PME also decreased the App mRNA level in 2- and 4-month OVX rats, respectively. Only PU suppressed Tau4 expression in 2-month OVX rats. Thus, PME and PU elicit neurotherapeutic effects in different pathways, and earlier treatment is optimal. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanya Anukulthanakorn
- Biological Sciences Program, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Ishwar S Parhar
- Brain Research Institute, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, PJ46150, Malaysia
| | - Sukanya Jaroenporn
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Takashi Kitahashi
- Brain Research Institute, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, PJ46150, Malaysia
| | - Gen Watanbe
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Suchinda Malaivijitnond
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
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Guo M, Suo Y, Gao Q, Du H, Zeng W, Wang Y, Hu X, Jiang X. The protective mechanism of Ginkgolides and Ginkgo flavonoids on the TNF-α induced apoptosis of rat hippocampal neurons and its mechanisms in vitro. Heliyon 2015; 1:e00020. [PMID: 27441214 PMCID: PMC4939806 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2015.e00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Revised: 08/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore the neuroprotective mechanism of Ginkgolides or Ginkgo flavonoids on the TNF-α induced apoptosis of cultured rat hippocampal neurons. Materials and methods Primary hippocampal neurons were isolated from rat brains and cultured with (model group) or without (control group) addition of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α, final concentration of 40 ng/ml) to induce apoptosis. TNF-α induced cultures were divided into model group, Ginkgolides pre-treatment group (20 μg/ml) and Ginkgo flavonoids pre-treatment group (12 μg/ml). CCK8 was used to assess cell viability while Hoechst 33258 staining, Flow cytometry and TUNEL kits were all employed to determine apoptotic neurons. Expression levels of Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase-3, Caspase-7, Caspase-8, Caspase-9 and Cytc were estimated by qRT-PCR. Results Cell viability was significantly improved in Ginkgolides pre-treatment group or Ginkgo flavonoids pre-treatment group compared with that in model group. Apoptotic neurons were significantly less in Ginkgolides pre-treatment group or Ginkgo flavonoids pre-treatment group than those in model group. Transcription levels of caspase-7, caspase-8, caspase-3, caspase-9, Bax and Cytc were down-regulated, while transcription levels of Bcl-2 was up-regulated in Ginkgolides pre-treatment or Ginkgo flavonoids pre-treatment group than those in model group. Conclusions Ginkgolides and Ginkgo flavonoids might protect against apoptosis of hippocampal neurons through inhibiting death receptor pathway or mitochondrial pathway under TNF-α background.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maojuan Guo
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Yanrong Suo
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Qing Gao
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Huan Du
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Wenyun Zeng
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Yijing Wang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Xiantong Hu
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Xijuan Jiang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
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