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Liu Y, Yao Y, Fang W, Wang X, Lu W. Combinatorial therapy with sub-effective Ro25-6981 and ZL006 ameliorates depressive-like behavior in single or combined stressed male mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 730:150385. [PMID: 39002200 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Major depression is a severe neuropsychiatric disorder that poses a significant challenge to health. However, development of an effective therapy for the disease has long been difficult. Here, we investigate the efficacy of a novel combinatorial treatment employing sub-effective doses of Ro25-6981, an antagonist targeting GluN2B-containing NMDA receptors, in conjunction with ZL006, an inhibitor of the PSD95/nNOS, on mouse models of depression. We employed social isolation, chronic restraint stress, or a combination of both to establish a depressed mouse model. Treatment with the drug combination reduced depressive-like behaviors without affecting locomotor activity in mice subjected to social isolation or chronic restraint stress. Furthermore, the combination therapy ameliorated depressive-like behaviors induced by combined stress of chronic restraint followed by social isolation. Mechanistic studies revealed that the combined treatment downregulated the hippocampal nitric oxide level. However, the therapeutic benefits of this combination were negated by the activation of NMDA receptors with a low dose of NMDA or by increasing nitric oxide levels with l-arginine. Moreover, the combinatorial treatment had negligible effects on object memory and contextual fear memory. Our data establish a combined therapy paradigm, providing a potential strategy targeting major depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixiu Liu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Yilan Yao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Weiqing Fang
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Xuemeng Wang
- Department of the First Clinical Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Wen Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and Life Sciences, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China.
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2
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Gao X, Chen F, Xu X, Liu J, Dong F, Liu Y. Ro25-6981 alleviates neuronal damage and improves cognitive deficits by attenuating oxidative stress via the Nrf2/ARE pathway in ischemia/reperfusion rats. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2023; 32:106971. [PMID: 36586245 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2022.106971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the initiation and progression of cerebral ischemia‒reperfusion injury (CIRI). Therefore, ameliorating oxidative damage is considered to be a beneficial strategy for the treatment of CIRI. NMDAR NR2B subunit antagonists have been reported to be beneficial for synaptic plasticity, neuropathic pain, epilepsy, and cerebral ischemia. However, it remains unclear whether the NR2B subunit antagonist Ro25-6981 has any effect on CIRI. METHODS In this study, the Morris water maze test and passive avoidance test were used to detect spatial learning and memory. Neuronal loss was measured by Nissl staining. The expression of NSE was assayed by immunohistochemistry. The activities of MDA, 8-OHdG, SOD, GSH-Px, GST and CAT were detected by assay kits. Real-time PCR was used to detect the mRNA levels of hippocampal SOD, GSH-Px and HO-1. Western blotting was used to measure the activation of the Nrf2/ARE pathway by Ro25-6981. RESULTS Ro25-6981 ameliorated cognitive deficits and neuronal damage induced by ischemia‒reperfusion (I/R). Neuronal injury was decreased and the expression of NSE was increased in the CA1 regions of the hippocampus of I/R rats after Ro25-6981 treatment. Moreover, Ro25-6981 alleviated the levels of MDA and 8-OHdG by elevating the activities of SOD, GSH-Px, GST and CAT. Meanwhile, the mRNA levels of SOD, GSH-Px and HO-1 were increased in I/R rats after Ro25-6981 treatment. Furthermore, Ro25-6981 promoted the translocation of Nrf2 to the nucleus, promoting the expression of the Nrf2 downstream genes HO-1 and NQO1. CONCLUSION The present study indicated that the improvement in the antioxidant properties of Ro25-6981 is mediated by the Nrf2/ARE pathway. This is the first study to demonstrate a favorable effect of Ro25-6981 on cognitive impairment in a CIRI rat model, rendering this NR2B subunit antagonist a promising agent for the treatment or prevention of CIRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxian Gao
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Jiujiang, 48 Taling South Road, Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province 332000, China
| | - Fei Chen
- The First Clinical College, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221004, China
| | - Xinqi Xu
- The First Clinical College, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221004, China
| | - Jinfeng Liu
- School of Life Science, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221004, China
| | - Fuxing Dong
- Public Experimental Research Center, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221004, China
| | - Yaping Liu
- Laboratory of National Experimental Teaching and Demonstration Center of Basic Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221004, China.
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Excitatory Synaptic Transmission in Ischemic Stroke: A New Outlet for Classical Neuroprotective Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169381. [PMID: 36012647 PMCID: PMC9409263 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability in the world, of which ischemia accounts for the majority. There is growing evidence of changes in synaptic connections and neural network functions in the brain of stroke patients. Currently, the studies on these neurobiological alterations mainly focus on the principle of glutamate excitotoxicity, and the corresponding neuroprotective strategies are limited to blocking the overactivation of ionic glutamate receptors. Nevertheless, it is disappointing that these treatments often fail because of the unspecificity and serious side effects of the tested drugs in clinical trials. Thus, in the prevention and treatment of stroke, finding and developing new targets of neuroprotective intervention is still the focus and goal of research in this field. In this review, we focus on the whole processes of glutamatergic synaptic transmission and highlight the pathological changes underlying each link to help develop potential therapeutic strategies for ischemic brain damage. These strategies include: (1) controlling the synaptic or extra-synaptic release of glutamate, (2) selectively blocking the action of the glutamate receptor NMDAR subunit, (3) increasing glutamate metabolism, and reuptake in the brain and blood, and (4) regulating the glutamate system by GABA receptors and the microbiota–gut–brain axis. Based on these latest findings, it is expected to promote a substantial understanding of the complex glutamate signal transduction mechanism, thereby providing excellent neuroprotection research direction for human ischemic stroke (IS).
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Meng J, Ma H, Zhu Y, Zhao Q. Dehydrocostuslactone attenuated oxygen and glucose deprivation/reperfusion-induced PC12 cell injury through inhibition of apoptosis and autophagy by activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 911:174554. [PMID: 34627804 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the protective effect of dehydrocostuslactone (DHL) on PC12 cells injury induced by oxygen and glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) and its possible mechanism on the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. The maestro 11.1 software was used to predict the binding sites of DHL with LC3, Beclin-1, PI3K, AKT, mTOR, Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase-3, Caspase-9, and Caspase-7. We used a cellular model of 2 h of OGD and 24 h of reperfusion to mimic cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Cells were treated with DHL during the reperfusion phase. The docking results showed that DHL had binding sites with LC3, Beclin-1, PI3K, AKT, mTOR, Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase-3, Caspase-9, and Caspase-7. The expression levels of autophagy-related proteins, LC3 and Beclin-1 increased while P-PI3K, P-AKT, and P-mTOR decreased. Apoptosis-related proteins, namely, Bax, Cyto-c, Caspase-3, Caspase-7, Caspase-9 increased, but the anti-apoptosis Bcl-2 protein decreased. However, DHL effectively inhibited these undesirable changes induced by OGD/R in PC12 cells. Our results suggested that DHL attenuated OGD/R-induced neuronal injury by inhibiting apoptosis and autophagy by activating PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling. This inhibition can improve cell survival and offer evidence for the beneficial effects of DHL on the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinni Meng
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli Street, Xingqing District Yinchuan City, 750004, China
| | - Huixia Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli Street, Xingqing District Yinchuan City, 750004, China
| | - Yafei Zhu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli Street, Xingqing District Yinchuan City, 750004, China.
| | - Qipeng Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli Street, Xingqing District Yinchuan City, 750004, China; Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education (Ningxia Medical University), No. 1160 Shengli Street, Xingqing District Yinchuan City, 750004, China.
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Mareš P, Kozlová L, Mikulecká A, Kubová H. The GluN2B-Selective Antagonist Ro 25-6981 Is Effective against PTZ-Induced Seizures and Safe for Further Development in Infantile Rats. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13091482. [PMID: 34575558 PMCID: PMC8469742 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The GluN2B subunit of NMDA receptors represents a perspective therapeutic target in various CNS pathologies, including epilepsy. Because of its predominant expression in the immature brain, selective GluN2B antagonists are expected to be more effective early in postnatal development. The aim of this study was to identify age-dependent differences in the anticonvulsant activity of the GluN2B-selective antagonist Ro 25-6981 and assess the safety of this drug for the developing brain. Anticonvulsant activity of Ro 25-6981 (1, 3, and 10 mg/kg) was tested in a pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) model in infantile (12-day-old, P12) and juvenile (25-day-old, P25) rats. Ro 25-6981 (1 or 3 mg/kg/day) was administered from P7 till P11 to assess safety for the developing brain. Animals were then tested repeatedly in a battery of behavioral tests focusing on sensorimotor development, cognition, and emotionality till adulthood. Effects of early exposure to Ro 25-6981 on later seizure susceptibility were tested in the PTZ model. Ro 25-6981 was effective against PTZ-induced seizures in infantile rats, specifically suppressing the tonic phase of the generalized tonic-clonic seizures, but it failed in juveniles. Neither sensorimotor development nor cognitive abilities and emotionality were affected by early-life exposure to Ro 25-6981. Treatment cessation did not affect later seizure susceptibility. Our data are in line with the maturational gradient of the GluN2B-subunit of NMDA receptors and demonstrate developmental differences in the anti-seizure activity of the GluN2B-selective antagonist and its safety for the developing brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Mareš
- Department of Developmental Epileptology, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic; (P.M.); (L.K.); (A.M.)
- Department of Rehabilitation and Sport Medicine, 2nd Medical Faculty, Charles University, 15006 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Kozlová
- Department of Developmental Epileptology, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic; (P.M.); (L.K.); (A.M.)
- Department of Rehabilitation and Sport Medicine, 2nd Medical Faculty, Charles University, 15006 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Mikulecká
- Department of Developmental Epileptology, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic; (P.M.); (L.K.); (A.M.)
| | - Hana Kubová
- Department of Developmental Epileptology, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic; (P.M.); (L.K.); (A.M.)
- Correspondence:
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Autophagy Elicits Neuroprotection at the Subacute Phase of Transient Cerebral Ischaemia but Has Few Effects on Neurological Outcomes After Permanent Ischaemic Stroke in Rats. Curr Med Sci 2021; 41:803-814. [PMID: 34403106 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-021-2400-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Autophagy was prominently activated by cerebral ischaemia. This study was to investigate the exact role of autophagy in ischaemic stroke. METHODS Two rat models of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) and permanent MCAO (pMCAO) were prepared. The brain tissues in the penumbra were obtained to observe the dynamic variations of autophagy activity with Beclin1 and LC3 antibodies by Western blotting. At the characteristic time points, when autophagy activity was markedly elevated or reduced, the autophagy activation signaling was intervened with rapamycin and 3-methyladenine, respectively. Thereafter, key proteins in the autopahgic/lysosomal pathway were detected with the antibodies of LC3, p62, ubiquitin, LAMP-1 and cathepsin B. Meanwhile, TTC staining, neurological score and immunofluorescence were performed to evaluate brain infarct volume, neurological deficit and neuron survival, respectively. RESULTS Both Beclin1 and LC3 expression levels were remarkably altered at 6 h, 12 h, 2 days and 7 days after tMCAO. Interestingly, the dynamic changes of autophagy activity following pMCAO were identical to those after tMCAO. Neither autophagy induction nor autophagy inhibition was able to ameliorate the pMCAO-induced neurological injury due to lysosomal dysfunction, as indicated by low levels of LAMP-1 and cathepsin B, accompanied with the accumulation of LC3-II, ubiquitin and insoluble p62. Comparatively, autophagy induction elicited overt neuroprotection at 2 and 7 days after tMCAO, and this neuroprotection might be elicited by the enhancement of autophagy flux. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that autophagy confers neuroprotection at the subacute phase of tMCAO but has few effects on neurological outcomes after pMCAO.
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7
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Structural connectivity and subcellular changes after antidepressant doses of ketamine and Ro 25-6981 in the rat: an MRI and immuno-labeling study. Brain Struct Funct 2021; 226:2603-2616. [PMID: 34363521 PMCID: PMC8448713 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-021-02354-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Ketamine has rapid and robust antidepressant effects. However, unwanted psychotomimetic effects limit its widespread use. Hence, several studies examined whether GluN2B-subunit selective NMDA antagonists would exhibit a better therapeutic profile. Although preclinical work has revealed some of the mechanisms of action of ketamine at cellular and molecular levels, the impact on brain circuitry is poorly understood. Several neuroimaging studies have examined the functional changes in the brain induced by acute administration of ketamine and Ro 25-6981 (a GluN2B-subunit selective antagonist), but the changes in the microstructure of gray and white matter have received less attention. Here, the effects of ketamine and Ro 25-6981 on gray and white matter integrity in male Sprague-Dawley rats were determined using diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI). In addition, DWI-based structural brain networks were estimated and connectivity metrics were computed at the regional level. Immunohistochemical analyses were also performed to determine whether changes in myelin basic protein (MBP) and neurofilament heavy-chain protein (NF200) may underlie connectivity changes. In general, ketamine and Ro 25-6981 showed some opposite structural alterations, but both compounds coincided only in increasing the fractional anisotropy in infralimbic prefrontal cortex and dorsal raphe nucleus. These changes were associated with increments of NF200 in deep layers of the infralimbic cortex (together with increased MBP) and the dorsal raphe nucleus. Our results suggest that the synthesis of NF200 and MBP may contribute to the formation of new dendritic spines and myelination, respectively. We also suggest that the increase of fractional anisotropy of the infralimbic and dorsal raphe nucleus areas could represent a biomarker of a rapid antidepressant response.
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Liu H, Zhao Z, Wu T, Zhang Q, Lu F, Gu J, Jiang T, Xue J. Inhibition of autophagy-dependent pyroptosis attenuates cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion injury. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:5060-5069. [PMID: 33938129 PMCID: PMC8178262 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is closely associated with cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion injury, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. We investigated whether Spautin-1 ameliorates cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion injury by inhibiting autophagy and whether its derived pyroptosis is involved in this process. We explored the mechanism of Spautin-1 in cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion. To answer these questions, healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to middle cerebral artery occlusion for 60 minutes followed by reperfusion for 24 hours. We found that cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion increased the expression levels of autophagy and pyroptosis-related proteins. Treatment with Spautin-1 reduced the infarct size and water content and restored some neurological functions. In vitro experiments were performed using oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation to model PC12 cells. The results showed that PC12 cells showed a significant decrease in cell viability and a significant increase in ROS and autophagy levels. Spautin-1 treatment reduced autophagy and ROS accumulation and attenuated NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent pyroptosis. However, these beneficial effects were greatly blocked by USP13 overexpression, which significantly counteracted the inhibition of autophagy and NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent ferroptosis by Spautin-1. Together, these results suggest that Spautin-1 may ameliorate cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion injury via the autophagy/pyroptosis pathway. Thus, inhibition of autophagy may be considered as a promising therapeutic approach for cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- Department of Neurology and Institute of NeurologyThe Affiliated Changshu Hospital of Xuzhou Medical SchoolSuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Zongbo Zhao
- Department of Neurology and Institute of NeurologyThe Affiliated Changshu Hospital of Xuzhou Medical SchoolSuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Neurology and Institute of NeurologyThe Affiliated Changshu Hospital of Xuzhou Medical SchoolSuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Qiu Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of NeurologyThe Affiliated Changshu Hospital of Xuzhou Medical SchoolSuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Fenying Lu
- Department of GastroenterologyThe Affiliated Changshu Hospital of Xuzhou Medical SchoolSuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Jie Gu
- Department of Key LaboratoryThe Affiliated Changshu Hospital of Xuzhou Medical SchoolSuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Tingwang Jiang
- Department of Key LaboratoryThe Affiliated Changshu Hospital of Xuzhou Medical SchoolSuzhouJiangsuChina
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease BioinformationXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Jianzhong Xue
- Department of Neurology and Institute of NeurologyThe Affiliated Changshu Hospital of Xuzhou Medical SchoolSuzhouJiangsuChina
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Wang C, Ma Z, Wang Z, Ming S, Ding Y, Zhou S, Qian H. Eriodictyol Attenuates MCAO-Induced Brain Injury and Neurological Deficits via Reversing the Autophagy Dysfunction. Front Syst Neurosci 2021; 15:655125. [PMID: 34122022 PMCID: PMC8190663 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2021.655125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the protective effect of eriodictyol on MCAO-induced brain injury and its regulation of neural function and to explore the mechanism of its regulation of autophagy in rats. Brain injury was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in adult rats and pretreated with eriodictyol (low dose: 20 mg/kg; medium dose: 40 mg/kg; high dose: 80 mg/kg) or saline. Rats in the treatment group had a smaller volume of infarction and improved neurological outcome and reduced the latency to the platform, increased the time spent in the correct quadrant compared to MCAO rats pretreated with saline. ELISA kits results confirmed that eriodictyol reduced the inflammatory response induced by MCAO. The results of apoptosis and proliferation by Nissl staining and immunofluorescence detection indicated that eriodictyol could inhibit apoptosis and promote the proliferation in MCAO rats. The expressions of LC3, ATG5, p62, and Beclin1 were used to evaluate the autophagy, as well as the reversal of the autophagy activator (rapamycin) on the neuroprotective effect of eriodictyol, which suggested that the protective effect of eriodictyol on brain injury may be related to the inhibition of autophagy. In summary, we, therefore, suggested that eriodictyol could reduce the inflammation response of brain injury and inhibit neuroapoptosis, directly affecting autophagy to alleviate brain injury. It will provide theoretical support for eriodictyol in the treatment of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanxiang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhequan Ma
- Yangxin County Chinese Medicine Hospital, Yangxin, China
| | - Zuqiang Wang
- Yangxin County Chinese Medicine Hospital, Yangxin, China
| | - Shuping Ming
- The First Clinical College of Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanbing Ding
- Department of Neurology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Sufang Zhou
- Department of Emergency, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongyu Qian
- Department of Neurology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
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Zhu Y, Yu J, Gong J, Shen J, Ye D, Cheng D, Xie Z, Zeng J, Xu K, Shen J, Zhou H, Weng Y, Pan J, Zhan R. PTP1B inhibitor alleviates deleterious microglial activation and neuronal injury after ischemic stroke by modulating the ER stress-autophagy axis via PERK signaling in microglia. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:3405-3427. [PMID: 33495405 PMCID: PMC7906217 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (IR) after ischemic stroke causes deleterious microglial activation. Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) exacerbates neuroinflammation, yet the effect of the inhibition on microglial activation and cerebral IR injury is unknown. A cerebral IR rat model was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and reperfusion. The PTP1B inhibitor, sc-222227, was administered intracerebroventricularly. Neurologic deficits, infarct volume, and brain water content were examined. An in vitro oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model was established in primary microglia and BV-2 cells. Microglial activation/polarization, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, autophagy, and apoptosis were detected using western blot, immunohistology, ELISA, and real-time PCR. Protein interaction was assessed by a proximity ligation assay. The results showed a significant increase in microglial PTP1B expression after IR injury. Sc-222227 attenuated IR-induced microglial activation, ER stress, and autophagy and promoted M2 polarization. Upon OGD/R, sc-222227 mitigated microglial activation by inhibiting ER stress-dependent autophagy, the effect of which was abolished by PERK activation, and PERK inhibition attenuated microglial activation. The PTP1B-phosphorylated PERK protein interaction was significantly increased after OGD/R, but decreased upon sc-222227 treatment. Finally, sc-222227 mitigated neuronal damage and neurologic deficits after IR injury. Treatment targeting microglial PTP1B might be a potential therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jianbo Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jiangbiao Gong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Di Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Dexin Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhikai Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jianping Zeng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Kangli Xu
- Emergency Department Trauma Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jian Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hengjun Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yuxiang Weng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jianwei Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Renya Zhan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
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Dong F, Liu D, Jiang F, Liu Y, Wu X, Qu X, Liu J, Chen Y, Fan H, Yao R. Conditional Deletion of Foxg1 Alleviates Demyelination and Facilitates Remyelination via the Wnt Signaling Pathway in Cuprizone-Induced Demyelinated Mice. Neurosci Bull 2020; 37:15-30. [PMID: 33015737 PMCID: PMC7811968 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-020-00583-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The massive loss of oligodendrocytes caused by various pathological factors is a basic feature of many demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system (CNS). Based on a variety of studies, it is now well established that impairment of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) to differentiate and remyelinate axons is a vital event in the failed treatment of demyelinating diseases. Recent evidence suggests that Foxg1 is essential for the proliferation of certain precursors and inhibits premature neurogenesis during brain development. To date, very little attention has been paid to the role of Foxg1 in the proliferation and differentiation of OPCs in demyelinating diseases of the CNS. Here, for the first time, we examined the effects of Foxg1 on demyelination and remyelination in the brain using a cuprizone (CPZ)-induced mouse model. In this work, 7-week-old Foxg1 conditional knockout and wild-type (WT) mice were fed a diet containing 0.2% CPZ w/w for 5 weeks, after which CPZ was withdrawn to enable remyelination. Our results demonstrated that, compared with WT mice, Foxg1-knockout mice exhibited not only alleviated demyelination but also accelerated remyelination of the demyelinated corpus callosum. Furthermore, we found that Foxg1 knockout decreased the proliferation of OPCs and accelerated their differentiation into mature oligodendrocytes both in vivo and in vitro. Wnt signaling plays a critical role in development and in a variety of diseases. GSK-3β, a key regulatory kinase in the Wnt pathway, regulates the ability of β-catenin to enter nuclei, where it activates the expression of Wnt target genes. We then used SB216763, a selective inhibitor of GSK-3β activity, to further demonstrate the regulatory mechanism by which Foxg1 affects OPCs in vitro. The results showed that SB216763 clearly inhibited the expression of GSK-3β, which abolished the effect of the proliferation and differentiation of OPCs caused by the knockdown of Foxg1. These results suggest that Foxg1 is involved in the proliferation and differentiation of OPCs through the Wnt signaling pathway. The present experimental results are some of the first to suggest that Foxg1 is a new therapeutic target for the treatment of demyelinating diseases of the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuxing Dong
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
- Public Experimental Research Center, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Dajin Liu
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Feiyu Jiang
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Yaping Liu
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Xiuxiang Wu
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Xuebin Qu
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Hongbin Fan
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221006, China.
| | - Ruiqin Yao
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
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12
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Long Non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), A New Target in Stroke. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2020; 42:501-519. [PMID: 32865676 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-00954-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Stroke has become the most disabling and the second most fatal disease in the world. It has been a top priority to reveal the pathophysiology of stroke at cellular and molecular levels. A large number of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are identified to be abnormally expressed after stroke. Here, we summarize 35 lncRNAs associated with stroke, and clarify their functions on the prognosis through signal transduction and predictive values as biomarkers. Changes in the expression of these lncRNAs mediate a wide range of pathological processes in stroke, including apoptosis, inflammation, angiogenesis, and autophagy. Based on the exploration of the functions and mechanisms of lncRNAs in stroke, more timely, accurate predictions and more effective, safer treatments for stroke could be developed.
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13
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Chen C, Liu L, Shu YQ, Jing P, Lu Y, Zhang XX, Zong XG, Guo LJ, Li CJ. Blockade of HCN2 Channels Provides Neuroprotection Against Ischemic Injury via Accelerating Autophagic Degradation in Hippocampal Neurons. Neurosci Bull 2020; 36:875-894. [PMID: 32519067 PMCID: PMC7410947 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-020-00513-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In the central nervous system, hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels are essential to maintain normal neuronal function. Recent studies have shown that HCN channels may be involved in the pathological process of ischemic brain injury, but the mechanisms remain unclear. Autophagy is activated in cerebral ischemia, but its role in cell death/survival remains controversial. In this study, our results showed that the HCN channel blocker ZD7288 remarkably decreased the percentage of apoptotic neurons and corrected the excessive autophagy induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation followed by reperfusion (OGD/R) in hippocampal HT22 neurons. Furthermore, in the OGD/R group, p-mTOR, p-ULK1 (Ser757), and p62 were significantly decreased, while p-ULK1 (Ser317), atg5, and beclin1 were remarkably increased. ZD7288 did not change the expression of p-ULK1 (Ser757), ULK1 (Ser317), p62, Beclin1, and atg5, which are involved in regulating autophagosome formation. Besides, we found that OGD/R induced a significant increase in Cathepsin D expression, but not LAMP-1. Treatment with ZD7288 at 10 μmol/L in the OGD/R group did not change the expression of cathepsin D and LAMP-1. However, chloroquine (CQ), which decreases autophagosome-lysosome fusion, eliminated the correction of excessive autophagy and neuroprotection by ZD7288. Besides, shRNA knockdown of HCN2 channels significantly reduced the accumulation of LC3-II and increased neuron survival in the OGD/R and transient global cerebral ischemia (TGCI) models, and CQ also eliminated the effects of HCN2-shRNA. Furthermore, we found that the percentage of LC3-positive puncta that co-localized with LAMP-1-positive lysosomes decreased in Con-shRNA-transfected HT22 neurons exposed to OGD/R or CQ. In HCN2-shRNA-transfected HT22 neurons, the percentage of LC3-positive puncta that co-localized with LAMP-1-positive lysosomes increased under OGD/R; however, the percentage was significantly decreased by the addition of CQ to HCN2-shRNA-transfected HT22 neurons. The present results demonstrated that blockade of HCN2 channels provides neuroprotection against OGD/R and TGCI by accelerating autophagic degradation attributable to the promotion of autophagosome and lysosome fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Li Liu
- Office of Academic Research, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ya-Qiao Shu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ping Jing
- Department of Neurology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yun Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiao-Xue Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wuhan PuAi Hospital, Wuhan, 430033, China
| | - Xian-Gang Zong
- Center for Integrated Protein Science and Zentrum für Pharmaforschung, Department Pharmazie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80539, Munich, Germany
| | - Lian-Jun Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Chang-Jun Li
- Department of Neurology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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14
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Ma HX, Hou F, Chen AL, Li TT, Zhu YF, Zhao QP. Mu-Xiang-You-Fang protects PC12 cells against OGD/R-induced autophagy via the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 252:112583. [PMID: 31978519 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Mu-Xiang-You-Fang (MXYF) is a classic prescription of Hui medicine. It is composed of five herbs and has been used to treat ischemic stroke for many years. However, the potential pharmacological mechanisms of MXYF remain unclear. The present research is aimed to investigate the protective effect and possible mechanisms of MXYF treatment in an in vitro model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS An oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD/R) model of PC12 cells was established. The effect of MXYF on the cell viability after OGD/R injury was determined using a cell counting kit (CCK-8) assay. The colorimetric method was used to determine the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage rate. The calcium concentration was determined by the chemical fluorescence method, and mitochondrial membrane potential was determined using flow cytometry. Monodansylcadaverine (MDC) staining and electron microscopic analysis were then conducted to detect autophagy after oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion in PC12 cells. Immunofluorescence and western blot analyses were used to detect the expression of proteins associated with autophagy. RESULTS It was found that MXYF (1, 2, 4 μg/mL) could significantly increase cell viability and mitochondrial membrane potential and decrease the calcium concentration and LDH release rate in PC12 cells. After OGD/R injury in PC12 cells, the number of autophagosomes and autophagolysosome significantly increased. MXYF (4 μg/mL) inhibited the autophagy induced by OGD/R and inhibited the expression of LC3, beclin1, p-AMPK, and ULK1. In contrast, the expression of p-mTOR, p-p70s6k, and p62 was significantly enhanced. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that MXYF inhibits autophagy after OGD/R-induced PC12 cell injury through the AMPK-mTOR pathway. Thus, MXYF might have therapeutic potential in treating ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Xia Ma
- Key Laboratory of Modern Hui Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, China; Department of Pharmacology, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, China
| | - Fan Hou
- Key Laboratory of Modern Hui Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, China; Department of Pharmacology, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, China
| | - Ai-Ling Chen
- Key Laboratory of Modern Hui Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, China; Department of Pharmacology, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, China
| | - Ting-Ting Li
- Key Laboratory of Modern Hui Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, China
| | - Ya-Fei Zhu
- College of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, China.
| | - Qi-Peng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Modern Hui Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, China; Department of Pharmacology, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, China.
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15
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Zhang Y, Zhang X, Wei Q, Leng S, Li C, Han B, Bai Y, Zhang H, Yao H. Activation of Sigma-1 Receptor Enhanced Pericyte Survival via the Interplay Between Apoptosis and Autophagy: Implications for Blood-Brain Barrier Integrity in Stroke. Transl Stroke Res 2020; 11:267-287. [PMID: 31290080 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-019-00711-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Stroke is a cerebrovascular disorder that affects many people worldwide. Pericytes play an important role in stroke progression and recovery. The sigma-1 receptor (σ-1R) signaling pathway has been suggested as having promising neuroprotective potential in treating stroke; however, whether σ-1R activation regulates pericyte function remains unknown. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of σ-1R and a novel σ-1R agonist in pericytes following ischemic stroke. An ischemic stroke animal model was induced by photothrombotic middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) in σ-1R knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice. After pMCAO, there was significant pericyte loss and coverage in σ-1R KO mice compared with WT mice as determined using transmission electron microscopy, immunofluorescence staining, and western blot. Interestingly, a novel σ-1R agonist decreased infarct volume and blood-brain barrier damage with a concomitant amelioration of pericyte loss, as determined by western blot. Further studies indicated that cell apoptosis and autophagy were induced in an in vivo pMCAO ischemic stroke animal model and an in vitro oxygen glucose deprivation-treatment group. Inhibition of autophagy using a pharmacological approach significantly mitigated pericyte apoptosis, suggesting that autophagy was upstream of apoptosis in pericytes. Both in vivo and in vitro studies indicated that the σ-1R agonist significantly decreased cell apoptosis via inhibition of autophagy with a subsequent enhancement of pericyte survival. This study identified the unique roles for σ-1R in mediating pericyte survival via the regulation of the interplay between apoptosis and autophagy, suggesting that a novel σ-1R agonist may be a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
| | | | - Qiangqiang Wei
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuo Leng
- Center of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Surgery, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cai Li
- Department of Neurology, Rizhao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Rizhao, 276800, Shandong, China
| | - Bing Han
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Bai
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huibin Zhang
- Center of Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Honghong Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
- Institute of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, Jiangsu, China.
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16
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Hydrogen-Rich Saline Ameliorates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in C57BL/6 Mice Via the Nrf2-ARE Signaling Pathway. Inflammation 2019; 42:586-597. [PMID: 30343391 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-018-0915-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic and inflammatory disease of the central nervous system that is associated with demyelination, neurodegeneration, and sensitivity to oxidative stress. Hydrogen-rich saline (HRS) is efficacious in preventive and therapeutic applications for many disorders because of its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Here, we determined the effect of HRS in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), which is a generally accepted model of the immuno-pathogenic mechanisms underlying MS. We found that HRS reduced the severity of EAE in mice and alleviated inflammation and demyelination. Furthermore, treatment with HRS attenuated oxidative stress in EAE mice. Finally, the results of our study suggest that activation of the Nrf2-ARE pathway plays a critical role in the protective effects of HRS in EAE mice.
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17
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LncRNA SNHG12 as a potent autophagy inducer exerts neuroprotective effects against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 514:490-496. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.04.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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18
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Qin A, Zhang Q, Wang J, Sayeed I, Stein DG. Is a combination of progesterone and chloroquine more effective than either alone in the treatment of cerebral ischemic injury? Restor Neurol Neurosci 2019; 37:1-10. [PMID: 30741704 DOI: 10.3233/rnn-180837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this proof-of-concept paper, we investigated whether combination treatment with progesterone (P4) and chloroquine (CQ) would reduce ischemic injury more effectively than either agent alone in a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) model in male rats. METHODS P4 (8 mg/kg) and CQ (25 mg/kg) were given alone or in combination beginning at different times during surgery and for 3 days post-occlusion. Locomotor activity and grip strength were evaluated as measures of impairment and recovery. Infarct size was assessed by TTC staining. Markers of autophagy (LC3 and SQSTM1/p62) and apoptosis (Bcl-2 and Bax) were evaluated with western blotting. RESULTS At the doses we employed, the combination was not more effective than either drug given separately on measures of grip strength or locomotor activity. However, combination therapy substantially reduced infarct size, and significantly increased Bcl-2 protein levels and suppressed Bax expression. Progesterone decreased the expression of LC3-II 24 h and SQSTM1/p62 after ischemia. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that combination therapy with P4 and CQ is not detrimental and has a small-to-moderate additive neuroprotective effect on ischemic injury in rats without substantively affecting behavioral outcomes. CQ and P4 may help to regulate the expression of both autophagy-related and apoptosis-related proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiping Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Health Vocational College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Brain Research Laboratory, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Iqbal Sayeed
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Brain Research Laboratory, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Donald G Stein
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Brain Research Laboratory, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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19
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Quatredeniers M, Nakhleh MK, Dumas SJ, Courboulin A, Vinhas MC, Antigny F, Phan C, Guignabert C, Bendifallah I, Vocelle M, Fadel E, Dorfmüller P, Humbert M, Cohen-Kaminsky S. Functional interaction between PDGFβ and GluN2B-containing NMDA receptors in smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2018; 316:L445-L455. [PMID: 30543306 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00537.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we explored the complex interactions between platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) and their effect on the excessive proliferation and migration of smooth muscle cells leading to obstructed arteries in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). We report lower expression of glutamate receptor NMDA-type subunit 2B (GluN2B), a subunit composing NMDARs expected to affect cell survival/proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), in PAH patient lungs. PASMC exposure to PDGF-BB stimulated immediate increased levels of phosphorylated Src family kinases (SFKs) together with increased phosphorylated GluN2B (its active form) and cell surface relocalization, suggesting a cross talk between PDGFR-recruited SFKs and NMDAR. Selective inhibition of PDGFR-β or SFKs with imatinib or A-419259, respectively, on one hand, or with specific small-interfering RNAs (siRNAs) on the other hand, aborted PDGF-induced phosphorylation of GluN2B, thus validating the pathway. Selective inhibition of GluN2B using Rö25-6981 and silencing with specific siRNA, in the presence of PDGF-BB, significantly increased both migration and proliferation of PASMCs, thus strengthening the functional importance of the pathway. Together, these results indicate that GluN2B-type NMDAR activation may confer to PASMCs antiproliferative and antimigratory properties. The decreased levels of GluN2B observed in PAH pulmonary arteries could mediate the excessive proliferation of PASMCs, thus contributing to medial hyperplasia and PAH development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marceau Quatredeniers
- Inserm UMR_S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Morad K Nakhleh
- Inserm UMR_S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Sébastien J Dumas
- Inserm UMR_S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Audrey Courboulin
- Inserm UMR_S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Maria C Vinhas
- Inserm UMR_S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Fabrice Antigny
- Inserm UMR_S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Carole Phan
- Inserm UMR_S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Christophe Guignabert
- Inserm UMR_S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Imane Bendifallah
- Inserm UMR_S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Matthieu Vocelle
- Inserm UMR_S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Elie Fadel
- Inserm UMR_S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Peter Dorfmüller
- Inserm UMR_S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Marc Humbert
- Inserm UMR_S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,AP-HP Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Pneumologie, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire Sévère, DHU Thorax Innovation, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Sylvia Cohen-Kaminsky
- Inserm UMR_S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
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20
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Beard DJ, Hadley G, Thurley N, Howells DW, Sutherland BA, Buchan AM. The effect of rapamycin treatment on cerebral ischemia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of animal model studies. Int J Stroke 2018; 14:137-145. [PMID: 30489210 DOI: 10.1177/1747493018816503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amplifying endogenous neuroprotective mechanisms is a promising avenue for stroke therapy. One target is mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a serine/threonine kinase regulating cell proliferation, cell survival, protein synthesis, and autophagy. Animal studies investigating the effect of rapamycin on mTOR inhibition following cerebral ischemia have shown conflicting results. AIM To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the effectiveness of rapamycin in reducing infarct volume in animal models of ischemic stroke. SUMMARY OF REVIEW Our search identified 328 publications. Seventeen publications met inclusion criteria (52 comparisons: 30 reported infarct size and 22 reported neurobehavioral score). Study quality was modest (median 4 of 9) with no evidence of publication bias. The point estimate for the effect of rapamycin was a 21.6% (95% CI, 7.6%-35.7% p < 0.01) improvement in infarct volume and 30.5% (95% CI 17.2%-43.8%, p < 0.0001) improvement in neuroscores. Effect sizes were greatest in studies using lower doses of rapamycin. CONCLUSION Low-dose rapamycin treatment may be an effective therapeutic option for stroke. Modest study quality means there is a potential risk of bias. We recommend further high-quality preclinical studies on rapamycin in stroke before progressing to clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Beard
- 1 Acute Stroke Programme, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Gina Hadley
- 1 Acute Stroke Programme, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,2 Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Neal Thurley
- 3 Bodleian Healthcare Libraries, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - David W Howells
- 4 School of Medicine, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Brad A Sutherland
- 4 School of Medicine, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Alastair M Buchan
- 1 Acute Stroke Programme, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,5 Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,6 Acute Vascular Imaging Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, UK
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Neuroprotective effects of pinocembrin on ischemia/reperfusion-induced brain injury by inhibiting autophagy. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 106:1003-1010. [PMID: 30119165 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a common pathological process after cardiac arrest, shock and acute cerebral infarction recanalization, which causes serious injury in brain function. Pinocembrin (Pino), a natural flavonoid at the highest concentration in propolis, exhibited a variety of biological effects, including antitumor, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities. However, the effects of Pino on brain injured after I/R and the mechanisms of its neuroprotective effects remain elusive. METHODS In the present study, we used I/R model rats underwent transient cerebral ischemia inducing by four-vessel occlusion and reperfusion. Pino alone or in combination with autophagy inducer rapamycin (RAPA) was administered to I/R rats. The behavior and cognitive function were evaluated by open field test and Morris water maze test. HE staining was used to determine the survival of hippocampus CA1 pyramidal cells. Three key proteins of autophagy, LC3, Beclin1 and p62, were detected by Western blot. RESULTS Our results showed that Pino could significantly reduce the damage of hippocampus CA1 pyramidal neurons and alleviate the impairments of behavior and cognitive function in I/R rats. Pino also decreased the expression of LC3II and Beclin1 and increased the level of p62 in hippocampus CA1 of I/R rats. In addition, Pino also decreased RAPA-induced neuronal damage and excessive activation of autophagy in I/R rats. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these results suggested that Pino could protect the brain injury induced by I/R and the potential mechanisms might attribute to inhibition of autophagy activity.
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Wolf MS, Bayır H, Kochanek PM, Clark RSB. The role of autophagy in acute brain injury: A state of flux? Neurobiol Dis 2018; 122:9-15. [PMID: 29704549 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2018.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
It is established that increased autophagy is readily detectable after various types of acute brain injury, including trauma, focal and global cerebral ischemia. What remains controversial, however, is whether this heightened detection of autophagy in brain represents a homeostatic or pathologic process, or an epiphenomenon. The ultimate role of autophagy after acute brain injury likely depends upon: 1) the degree of brain injury and the overall autophagic burden; 2) the capacity of individual cell types to ramp up autophagic flux; 3) the local redox state and signaling of parallel cell death pathways; 4) the capacity to eliminate damage associated molecular patterns and toxic proteins and metabolites both intra- and extracellularly; and 5) the timing of the pro- or anti-autophagic intervention. In this review, we attempt to reconcile conflicting studies that support both a beneficial and detrimental role for autophagy in models of acute brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Wolf
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Hülya Bayır
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, 100 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; Brain Care Institute, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Patrick M Kochanek
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA; Brain Care Institute, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Robert S B Clark
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA; Brain Care Institute, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA.
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Jiang WW, Huang BS, Han Y, Deng LH, Wu LX. Sodium hydrosulfide attenuates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by suppressing overactivated autophagy in rats. FEBS Open Bio 2017; 7:1686-1695. [PMID: 29123977 PMCID: PMC5666398 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide, and autophagy may be involved in the pathological process of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an endogenous gasotransmitter with protective effects against multiple diseases. Here, we tested the effect of H2S on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. Sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS), an H2S donor, improved neurological function and reduced the size of the infarcts induced by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) followed by reperfusion in rats. NaHS treatment reduced the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in the serum (a marker of cellular membrane integrity) and the expression of cleaved caspase-3 (a marker for apoptosis) in the brains of MCAO rats. We also found that autophagy was overactivated in the brains of MCAO rats, as indicated by an increased ratio of LC3 II to I, decreased expression of p62, and transmission electron microscope detection. NaHS treatment significantly inhibited the autophagic activity in the brains of MCAO rats. Furthermore, PC12 cells were subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) to mimic MCAO in vitro. We found that NaHS treatment reduced cellular injury and suppressed overactivated autophagy induced by OGD/R in PC12 cells. An autophagy stimulator (rapamycin) eliminated the protective effect of NaHS against LDH release and caspase-3 activity induced by OGD/R in PC12 cells. An autophagy inhibitor (3-methyladenine, 3-MA) also reduced the cellular injury induced by OGD/R in PC12 cells. In conclusion, the results indicate that overactivated autophagy accelerates cellular injury after MCAO in rats and that exogenous H2S attenuates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury via suppressing overactivated autophagy in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Wu Jiang
- Department of Physiology Xiangya School of Medicine Central South University Changsha China.,Department of Neurosurgery the First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China Hengyang China
| | - Bai-Sheng Huang
- Department of Physiology Xiangya School of Medicine Central South University Changsha China
| | - Yang Han
- Department of Physiology Xiangya School of Medicine Central South University Changsha China
| | - Lv-Hong Deng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China Hengyang China
| | - Li-Xiang Wu
- Department of Physiology Xiangya School of Medicine Central South University Changsha China
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He Q, Li Z, Wang Y, Hou Y, Li L, Zhao J. Resveratrol alleviates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation through Sirt1-dependent autophagy induction. Int Immunopharmacol 2017; 50:208-215. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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RNase alleviates neurological dysfunction in mice undergoing cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Oncotarget 2017; 8:53084-53099. [PMID: 28881795 PMCID: PMC5581094 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac arrest (CA) is one of the leading lethal factors. Despite cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) procedure has been consecutively improved and lots of new strategies have been developed, neurological outcome of the patients experienced CPR is still disappointing. Ribonuclease (RNase) has been demonstrated to have neuroprotective effects in acute stroke and postoperative cognitive impairment, possibly through acting against endogenous RNA that released from damaged tissue. However, the role of RNase in post-cardiac arrest cerebral injury is unknown. In the present study, we investigated the role of RNase in neurological outcome of mice undergoing 5 minutes of CA and followed by CPR. RNase or the same dosage of normal saline was administrated. We found that RNase administration could: 1) improve neurologic score on day 1 and day 3 after CA/CPR performance; 2) improve memory and learning ability on day 3 after training in contextual fear-conditioning test; 3) reduce extracellular RNA (exRNA) level in plasma and hippocampus tissue, and hippocampal cytokines mRNA production on day 3 after CA/CPR procedure; 4) attenuate autophagy levels in hippocampus tissue on day 3 after CA/CPR procedure. In conclusion, RNase could improve neurological function by reducing inflammation response and autophagy in mice undergoing CA/CPR.
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Feng D, Wang B, Wang L, Abraham N, Tao K, Huang L, Shi W, Dong Y, Qu Y. Pre-ischemia melatonin treatment alleviated acute neuronal injury after ischemic stroke by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress-dependent autophagy via PERK and IRE1 signalings. J Pineal Res 2017; 62. [PMID: 28178380 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin has demonstrated a potential protective effect in central nervous system. Thus, it is interesting to determine whether pre-ischemia melatonin administration could protect against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (IR)-related injury and the underlying molecular mechanisms. In this study, we revealed that IR injury significantly activated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and autophagy in a middle cerebral artery occlusion mouse model. Pre-ischemia melatonin treatment was able to attenuate IR-induced ER stress and autophagy. In addition, with tandem RFP-GFP-LC3 adeno-associated virus, we demonstrated pre-ischemic melatonin significantly alleviated IR-induced autophagic flux. Furthermore, we showed that IR induced neuronal apoptosis through ER stress related signalings. Moreover, IR-induced autophagy was significantly blocked by ER stress inhibitor (4-PBA), as well as ER-related signaling inhibitors (PERK inhibitor, GSK; IRE1 inhibitor, 3,5-dibromosalicylaldehyde). Finally, we revealed that melatonin significantly alleviated cerebral infarction, brain edema, neuronal apoptosis, and neurological deficiency, which were remarkably abolished by tunicamycin (ER stress activator) and rapamycin (autophagy activator), respectively. In summary, our study provides strong evidence that pre-ischemia melatonin administration significantly protects against cerebral IR injury through inhibiting ER stress-dependent autophagy. Our findings shed light on the novel preventive and therapeutic strategy of daily administration of melatonin, especially among the population with high risk of cerebral ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayun Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard medical school, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The 463rd Hospital of PLA, Shenyang, China
| | - Neeta Abraham
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard medical school, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kai Tao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lu Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Shi
- Department of Urology surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yushu Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Yan Qu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Jin X, Li T, Zhang L, Ma J, Yu L, Li C, Niu L. Environmental Enrichment Improves Spatial Learning and Memory in Vascular Dementia Rats with Activation of Wnt/β-Catenin Signal Pathway. Med Sci Monit 2017; 23:207-215. [PMID: 28082734 PMCID: PMC5253348 DOI: 10.12659/msm.902728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Environmental enrichment (EE) has a beneficial effect on some neuropsychiatric disorders. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether environmental enrichment could improve the spatial learning and memory in rats with vascular dementia (VaD) and the mechanism underpinning it. Material/Methods Bilateral common carotid occlusion (2-vessel occlusion [2VO]) was used to develop the animal model of vascular dementia. Adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were used in the experiment and were randomly divided into 4 groups: sham group, 2VO group, sham+EE group, and 2VO+EE group (n=19/group). The 2VO group and 2VO+EE group underwent bilateral common carotid occlusion. Two different housing conditions were used in this experiment: standard environment (SE) and enriched environment (EE). Rats in the sham group and 2VO group were put into SE cages for 4 weeks, while rats in the sham+EE group and 2VO+EE group were put in EE cages for 4 weeks. The Morris water maze and Y-maze were used to assess spatial learning and memory. Apoptosis was detected by TUNEL. The damage of neurons in the hippocampus was assessed by Nissl staining. The level of wnt pathway proteins were detected by Western blot. Results Compared with the 2VO group, the rats in the 2VO+EE group had better behavioral performance, fewer apoptotic neurons, and more surviving neurons. Western blot analysis showed that the levels of wnt pathway proteins were higher in 2VO+EE rats than in the 2VO group. Conclusions Environmental enrichment can improve the spatial learning and memory in rats with vascular dementia, and the mechanism may be related to activation of the wnt/β-catenin signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhao Jin
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The General Hospital of Chonggang, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Lina Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Jingxi Ma
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Lehua Yu
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Changqing Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Lingchuan Niu
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (mainland)
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