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Sampaio TB, Schamne MG, Santos JR, Ferro MM, Miyoshi E, Prediger RD. Exploring Parkinson's Disease-Associated Depression: Role of Inflammation on the Noradrenergic and Serotonergic Pathways. Brain Sci 2024; 14:100. [PMID: 38275520 PMCID: PMC10813485 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14010100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a multifactorial disease, with genetic and environmental factors contributing to the disease onset. Classically, PD is a movement disorder characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the nigrostriatal pathway and intraneuronal aggregates mainly constituted of the protein α-synuclein. However, PD patients also display non-motor symptoms, including depression, which have been linked to functional abnormalities of non-dopaminergic neurons, including serotonergic and noradrenergic ones. Thus, through this comprehensive literature review, we shed light on the noradrenergic and serotonergic impairment linked to depression in PD, focusing on the putative involvement of inflammatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marissa Giovanna Schamne
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa 84030-900, PR, Brazil
| | - Jean Rodrigo Santos
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Centro Oeste, Guarapuava 85040-167, PR, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Machado Ferro
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Department of General Biology, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa 84030-900, PR, Brazil
| | - Edmar Miyoshi
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa 84030-900, PR, Brazil
| | - Rui Daniel Prediger
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
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Jardim NS, Müller SG, Nogueira CW. Swimming training mitigates the sex-specific hepatic disruption caused by a high-calorie diet: The putative modulation of Nrf2/Keap-1 pathway in male mice. Cell Biochem Funct 2021; 39:646-657. [PMID: 33720434 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated whether swimming protocol induces adaptations to sex-specific oxidative stress and Nrf2/Keap-1 pathway in the liver of mice fed a high-calorie diet (HCD) during the early life period. Male and female Swiss mice were fed a standard or high-calorie (enriched with 20% lard and 20% corn syrup) diets, and the trained mice were subjected to a swimming protocol (5 days/week) from 21st to 49th postnatal days. Males fed a HCD had more pronounced alterations in all parameters evaluated than females. Although there was no increase in body weight, the fat deposition was higher in male mice exposed to diet. The intake of HCD induced dyslipidemia mainly in males. In a sex-dependent manner, the hepatic markers of oxidative damage, antioxidant defences, and a sensitive sulfhydryl protein were altered in mice fed a HCD. Swimming counteracted dyslipidemia, hepatic oxidative stress, and the Nrf2/Keap-1 signalling downregulation, in a sex-dependent manner, in mice exposed to a HCD. These findings demonstrate that a non-pharmacological therapy, swimming protocol, contributed to adaptations of sex-specific hepatic oxidative stress and Nrf2/Keap-1 regulation in male mice fed a HCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália Silva Jardim
- Laboratório de Síntese, Reatividade e Avaliação Farmacológica e Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Grendene Müller
- Laboratório de Síntese, Reatividade e Avaliação Farmacológica e Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Cristina Wayne Nogueira
- Laboratório de Síntese, Reatividade e Avaliação Farmacológica e Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
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Sivanesan S, Raju S, Gudemalla K. Ginkgo biloba ameliorates fluoride toxicity in rats by altering histopathology, serum enzymes of heme metabolism and oxidative stress without affecting brain mGluR5 gene. Pharmacogn Mag 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_534_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Jiao Z, Zhang W, Chen C, Zhu X, Chen X, Zhou M, Peng G, Liu H, Qiu J, Lin Y, Huang S, Mo M, Yang X, Qu S, Xu P. Gene Dysfunction Mediates Immune Response to Dopaminergic Degeneration in Parkinson's Disease. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:803-811. [PMID: 30289236 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Many publications reported that genetic dysfunction mediates abnormal immune responses in the brain, which is important for the development of neurodegenerative diseases, especially for Parkinson's disease (PD). This immune disorder results in subsequent inflammatory reaction, which stimulates microglia or other immune cells to secrete cytokines and chemokines and disturbs the proportion of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets contributing to dopaminergic (DA) neuron apoptosis. Furthermore, the abnormal immune related signal pathways caused by genetic variants promote chronic inflammation destroying the blood-brain barrier, which allows infiltration of different molecules and blood cells into the central nervous system (CNS) exerting toxicity on DA neurons. As a result, the inflammatory reaction in the CNS accelerates the progression of Parkinson's disease and promotes α-synuclein aggregation and diffusion among DA neurons in the procession of Parkinson's disease. Thus, for disease evaluation, the genetic mediated abnormal immune response in PD may be assessed based on the multiple immune molecules and inflammatory factors, as well as the ratio of lymphocyte subsets from PD patient's peripheral blood as potential biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Jiao
- Central Laboratory, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan 528300, China
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Southern Medical University, Foshan 528300, China
| | - Wenlong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Chaojun Chen
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou Chinese Medical Integrated Hospital (Huadu), Guangdong 510800, China
| | - Xiaoqin Zhu
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Miaomiao Zhou
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Guoyou Peng
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Hanqun Liu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Jiewen Qiu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Yuwan Lin
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Shuxuan Huang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Mingshu Mo
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Xinling Yang
- Department of Neurology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Shaogang Qu
- Central Laboratory, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan 528300, China
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Southern Medical University, Foshan 528300, China
| | - Pingyi Xu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
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Chiabrando D, Fiorito V, Petrillo S, Tolosano E. Unraveling the Role of Heme in Neurodegeneration. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:712. [PMID: 30356807 PMCID: PMC6189481 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Heme (iron-protoporphyrin IX) is an essential co-factor involved in several biological processes, including neuronal survival and differentiation. Nevertheless, an excess of free-heme promotes oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, thus leading to cell death. The toxic properties of heme in the brain have been extensively studied during intracerebral or subarachnoid hemorrhages. Recently, a growing number of neurodegenerative disorders have been associated to alterations of heme metabolism. Hence, the etiology of such diseases remains undefined. The aim of this review is to highlight the neuropathological role of heme and to discuss the major heme-regulated pathways that might be crucial for the survival of neuronal cells. The understanding of the molecular mechanisms linking heme to neurodegeneration will be important for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Chiabrando
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Veronica Fiorito
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Sara Petrillo
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Emanuela Tolosano
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
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Mitochondrial Targeting in Neurodegeneration: A Heme Perspective. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2018; 11:ph11030087. [PMID: 30231533 PMCID: PMC6161291 DOI: 10.3390/ph11030087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction has achieved an increasing interest in the field of neurodegeneration as a pathological hallmark for different disorders. The impact of mitochondria is related to a variety of mechanisms and several of them can co-exist in the same disease. The central role of mitochondria in neurodegenerative disorders has stimulated studies intended to implement therapeutic protocols based on the targeting of the distinct mitochondrial processes. The review summarizes the most relevant mechanisms by which mitochondria contribute to neurodegeneration, encompassing therapeutic approaches. Moreover, a new perspective is proposed based on the heme impact on neurodegeneration. The heme metabolism plays a central role in mitochondrial functions, and several evidences indicate that alterations of the heme metabolism are associated with neurodegenerative disorders. By reporting the body of knowledge on this topic, the review intends to stimulate future studies on the role of heme metabolism in neurodegeneration, envisioning innovative strategies in the struggle against neurodegenerative diseases.
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