1
|
Lopes AR, Costa Silva DG, Rodrigues NR, Kemmerich Martins I, Paganotto Leandro L, Nunes MEM, Posser T, Franco J. Investigating the impact of Psidium guajava leaf hydroalcoholic extract in improving glutamatergic toxicity-induced oxidative stress in Danio rerio larvae. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2024; 87:457-470. [PMID: 38576186 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2024.2337366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Glutamate is one of the predominant excitatory neurotransmitters released from the central nervous system; however, at high concentrations, this substance may induce excitotoxicity. This phenomenon is involved in numerous neuropathologies. At present, clinically available pharmacotherapeutic agents to counteract glutamatergic excitotoxicity are not completely effective; therefore, research to develop novel compounds is necessary. In this study, the main objective was to determine the pharmacotherapeutic potential of the hydroalcoholic extract of Psidium guajava (PG) in a model of oxidative stress-induced by exposure to glutamate utilizing Danio rerio larvae (zebrafish) as a model. Data showed that treatment with glutamate produced a significant increase in oxidative stress, chromatin damage, apoptosis, and locomotor dysfunction. All these effects were attenuated by pre-treatment with the classical antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC). Treatment with PG inhibited oxidative stress responsible for cellular damage induced by glutamate. However, exposure to PG failed to prevent glutamate-initiated locomotor damage. Our findings suggest that under conditions of oxidative stress, PG can be considered as a promising candidate for treatment of glutamatergic excitotoxicity and consequent neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andressa Rubim Lopes
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Pesquisa em Biotecnologia - CIPBiotec, Universidade Federal do Pampa - UNIPAMPA, São Gabriel, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas - Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Dennis Guilherme Costa Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas - Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Nathane Rosa Rodrigues
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Bioquímica e Toxicologia Compostos Bioativos - GBToxBio, Universidade Federal do Pampa - UNIPAMPA, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Illana Kemmerich Martins
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Pesquisa em Biotecnologia - CIPBiotec, Universidade Federal do Pampa - UNIPAMPA, São Gabriel, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Luana Paganotto Leandro
- Departamento de Química, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica - PPGBTox, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Mauro Eugênio Medina Nunes
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Pesquisa em Biotecnologia - CIPBiotec, Universidade Federal do Pampa - UNIPAMPA, São Gabriel, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Thais Posser
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Pesquisa em Biotecnologia - CIPBiotec, Universidade Federal do Pampa - UNIPAMPA, São Gabriel, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Jeferson Franco
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Pesquisa em Biotecnologia - CIPBiotec, Universidade Federal do Pampa - UNIPAMPA, São Gabriel, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang F, Ma Q, Dong X, Wang T, Ma C. circ-Gucy1a2 Protects Mice from Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Attenuating Neuronal Apoptosis and Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Loss. J INVEST SURG 2023; 36:2152509. [PMID: 37277119 DOI: 10.1080/08941939.2022.2152509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury (CI/RI) is a severe problem in patients with cerebral ischemia. The current study explored the influences of circular (circ)-Gucy1a2 on neuronal apoptosis and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) in the brain tissue of CI/RI mice. Forty-eight mice were randomized into the sham group, transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) group, lentivirus negative control (LV-NC) group, and LV-Gucy1a2 group. Mice were first injected with lentivirus loaded with LV-Gucy1a2 or LV-NC via lateral ventricle, followed by the establishment of CI/RI models 2 weeks later. Twenty-four hours after CI/RI, the neurological impairment of mice was assessed using a 6-point scoring system. The cerebral infarct volume and brain histopathological changes were determined in CI/RI mice through histological staining. In vitro, pcDNA3.1-NC and pcDNA3.1-Gucy1a2 were transfected into mouse primary cortical neurons for 48 hours, followed by the establishment of oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) models. The levels of circ-Gucy1a2 in mouse brain tissues and neurons were examined using RT-qPCR. Neuronal proliferation and apoptosis, MMP loss, and oxidative stress (OS)-related indexes in neurons were detected using CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry, JC-1 staining, and H2DFFDA staining. CI/RI mouse models and OGD/R cell models were successfully established. After CI/RI, neurons in mice were impaired and the cerebral infarction volume was increased. circ-Gucy1a2 was poorly expressed in CI/RI mouse brain tissues. Overexpression of circ-Gucy1a2 increased OGD/R-induced neuronal proliferation and mitigated apoptosis, MMP loss, and OS. Overall, circ-Gucy1a2 was down-regulated in brain tissues of CI/RI mice, and overexpression of circ-Gucy1a2 can protect mice from CI/RI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Jiashan County, Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qian Ma
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Jiashan County, Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xinglu Dong
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Jiashan County, Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Tinghuan Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Jiashan County, Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chao Ma
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ao X, Ding W, Li X, Xu Q, Chen X, Zhou X, Wang J, Liu Y. Non-coding RNAs regulating mitochondrial function in cardiovascular diseases. J Mol Med (Berl) 2023; 101:501-526. [PMID: 37014377 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-023-02305-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of disease-related death worldwide and a significant obstacle to improving patients' health and lives. Mitochondria are core organelles for the maintenance of myocardial tissue homeostasis, and their impairment and dysfunction are considered major contributors to the pathogenesis of various CVDs, such as hypertension, myocardial infarction, and heart failure. However, the exact roles of mitochondrial dysfunction involved in CVD pathogenesis remain not fully understood. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), particularly microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs, have been shown to be crucial regulators in the initiation and development of CVDs. They can participate in CVD progression by impacting mitochondria and regulating mitochondrial function-related genes and signaling pathways. Some ncRNAs also exhibit great potential as diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarkers as well as therapeutic targets for CVD patients. In this review, we mainly focus on the underlying mechanisms of ncRNAs involved in the regulation of mitochondrial functions and their role in CVD progression. We also highlight their clinical implications as biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis in CVD treatment. The information reviewed herein could be extremely beneficial to the development of ncRNA-based therapeutic strategies for CVD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Ao
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Wei Ding
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Xiaoge Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Qingling Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xinhui Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xuehao Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Jianxun Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lin SP, Bu J, Ye S, Xie Q, Wei JX, Yin X, Mei F, Lin PY, Chen XH. Activated AMPK-mediated glucose uptake and mitochondrial dysfunction is critically involved in the glutamate-induced oxidative injury in HT22 cell. Tissue Cell 2023; 81:102039. [PMID: 36805774 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulation of glutamate damages neurons via the reactive oxygen species (ROS) injury, which was involved in the development of neurodegenerative diseases. However, the mechanism of neuronal oxidative stress damage caused by glutamate and the intervention targets still needs to be further studied. This study explored whether 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-induced glucose metabolic and mitochondrial dysfunction were related to glutamate-dependent ROS injury of the neuron. METHODS Neuronal oxidative stress injury was induced by glutamate treatment in HT-22 cells. Western blotting was used to evaluate the phosphorylation of the AMPK. The XF24 Flux Analyzer was used to measure the effect of glutamate and Compound C (a well-known pharmacological inhibitor of AMPK phosphorylation) on the cellular oxygen consumption rate (OCR) of HT-22 cells. Glucose uptake, intracellular ROS, mitochondrial potential, apoptosis and cell viability were quantified using biochemical assays. RESULTS Glutamate caused the phosphorylation of AMPK and subsequently promoted the glucose uptake. Furthermore, AMPK-mediated glucose uptake enhanced OCR and increased the intracellular ROS levels in neurons. The pharmacological inhibition of AMPK phosphorylation by Compound C attenuated glutamate-induced toxicity in HT22 cells by regulating the glucose uptake/mitochondrial respiration/ROS pathway. CONCLUSIONS The AMPK phosphorylation/glucose uptake/mitochondrial respiration/ROS pathway was involved in glutamate-induced excitotoxic injury in HT22 cells. The inhibition of AMPK phosphorylation may be a potential target for the development of therapeutic agents for treating the glutamate-induced neurotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Peng Lin
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jingyi Bu
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Shan Ye
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Qiangda Xie
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jue-Xian Wei
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaofang Yin
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Fen Mei
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Pei-Yi Lin
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiao-Hui Chen
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chen L, Zhu L, Fang J, Zhang N, Li D, Sheng X, Zhou J, Wang S, Wang J. Circular RNA circFoxo3 Promotes Granulosa Cell Apoptosis Under Oxidative Stress Through Regulation of FOXO3 Protein. DNA Cell Biol 2022; 41:1026-1037. [DOI: 10.1089/dna.2022.0449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Linjun Chen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lihua Zhu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junshun Fang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ningyuan Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dong Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Sheng
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jidong Zhou
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ye S, Chen W, Ou C, Chen MS. RNA sequencing reveals novel LncRNA/mRNAs co-expression network associated with puerarin-mediated inhibition of cardiac hypertrophy in mice. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13144. [PMID: 35402096 PMCID: PMC8992661 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Evidence has demonstrated that puerarin is a potential medicine for the treatment of cardiac hypertrophy. However, the precise underlying molecular mechanisms of the protective effect of puerarin are still unclear. Here, we aimed to explore the regulatory mechanisms of lncRNAs/mRNAs co-expression network in a cardiac hypertrophy mouse model after puerarin treatment. Methods A mouse model of cardiac hypertrophy was established by transverse aortic constriction (TAC). The echocardiography, tissue staining and western blot were used to examine the protective effect of puerarin. Then RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was carried out to analyze systematically mRNAs and lncRNAs expression. The target lncRNA were confirmed using qRT-PCR. Moreover, a coding/non-coding gene co-expression network were established to find the interaction of lncRNA and mRNAs. The biological process, cellular component, molecular function and pathways of different expression mRNAs targeted by lncRNA were explored using Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways analysis. Results Puerarin exhibited an obvious inhibitory effect in cardiac hypertrophy in TAC model. RNA-seq analysis was performed to investigate the lncRNAs and mRNAs expression patterns of cardiomyocytes in sham and TAC groups treated with or without puerarin. RNA-seq identified that TAC downregulated four lncRNAs, which could be revised by puerarin treatment (|log2 Fold change| > 2 and FDR < 0.05). Among them, expression alterations of lncRNA Airn (antisense of Igf2r non-protein coding RNA) was confirmed by qRT-PCR. Pearson's correlation coefficients of co-expression levels suggested that there was an interactive relationship between Airn and 2,387 mRNAs (r > 0.95 or r < -0.95). Those co-expressed mRNAs were enriched in some important biological processes such as translational initiation, cell proliferation, insulin-like growth factor binding and poly(A) RNA binding. KEGG analyses suggested that those Airn-interacted mRNAs were enriched in endocytosis, signaling pathways regulating pluripotency of stem cells and the Jak-STAT pathway. Conclusion Puerarin may exert beneficial effects on cardiac hypertrophy through regulating the lncRNAs/mRNAs co-expression network.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shan Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China,Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Weiyan Chen
- Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Caiwen Ou
- Dongguan Hospital of Southern Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Min-Sheng Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Jin J, Wang Y, Zheng D, Liang M, He Q. A Novel Identified Circular RNA, mmu_mmu_circRNA_0000309, Involves in Germacrone-Mediated Improvement of Diabetic Nephropathy Through Regulating Ferroptosis by Targeting miR-188-3p/GPX4 Signaling Axis. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 36:740-759. [PMID: 34913724 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Aims: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is characterized by microalbuminuria, mainly associated with pathological and morphological alterations of podocyte. New drug targeting podocyte injury is a promising approach for treating DN. The present study is aimed at developing new drug targeting podocyte injury for treating DN. Results: In this study, germacrone ameliorated kidney damage and inhibited podocyte apoptosis in a DN mouse model. Based on RNA-seq, mmu_mmu_circRNA_0000309, located in host gene vascular endothelial zinc finger 1 (Vezf1), showed a sharp decline in DN mice and a remarkable recovery in germacrone-challenged DN mice. mmu_circRNA_0000309 silence or miR-188-3p mimics abrogated the antiapoptosis and anti-injury effects of germacrone through aggravating mitochondria damage, and elevating reactive oxygen species and ferroptosis-related protein levels. Mechanistically, mmu_circRNA_0000309 competitively sponged miR-188-3p, and subsequently promoted glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) expression, thereby inactivating ferroptosis-dependent mitochondrial damage and podocyte apoptosis. In addition, GPX4 overexpression neutralized mmu_circRNA_0000309 silence-mediated mitochondria damage and ferroptosis in germacrone-exposed MPC5 cells. Innovation: We describe the novel effect and mechanism of germacrone on treating DN, which is linked to ferroptosis for the first time. Conclusion: mmu_circRNA_0000309 silence mediates drug resistance to germacrone in DN mice. mmu_circRNA_0000309 sponges miR-188-3p, and subsequently upregulates GPX4 expression, inactivating ferroptosis-dependent mitochondrial function and podocyte apoptosis. Possibly germacrone-based treatment for DN can be further motivated by regulating mmu_circRNA_0000309/miR-188-3p/GPX4 signaling axis. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 36, 740-759.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Jin
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital and Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunguang Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Danna Zheng
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital and Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingzhu Liang
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital and Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang He
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital and Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Circular RNAs and Drug Resistance in Genitourinary Cancers: A Literature Review. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14040866. [PMID: 35205613 PMCID: PMC8869870 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14040866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Drug resistance to systematic treatment in genitourinary tumors severely aggravated the burden on patients and society. Multiple mechanisms were involved in drug resistance. As typical non-coding RNAs, circRNAs play a critical role in the onset and development of cancers and several studies implied their function in the regulation of drug resistance. Here, we reviewed the investigations of circRNAs’ behavior in drug resistance of genitourinary cancers and summarized the underlying mechanisms. This review emphasized the essential role of circRNAs in drug resistance development and also pointed out the potential topics that need further investigations in the future. Abstract In recent years, systematic treatment has made great progress in genitourinary tumors. However, some patients develop resistance to the treatments, resulting in an increase in mortality. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) form a class of non-coding RNAs with high stability and significant clinical relevance. Accumulating evidence indicates that circRNAs play a vital role in cancer development and tumor chemotherapy resistance. This review summarizes the molecular and cellular mechanisms of drug resistance mediated by circRNAs to common drugs used in the treatment of genitourinary tumors. Several circRNAs were identified to regulate the responsiveness to systemic treatments in genitourinary tumors, including chemotherapies such as cisplatin and targeted therapies such as enzalutamide. Canonically, cicrRNAs participate in the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network, or in some cases directly interact with proteins, regulate downstream pathways, and even some circRNAs have the potential to produce proteins or polypeptides. Several cellular mechanisms were involved in circRNA-dependent drug resistance, including autophagy, cancer stem cells, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and exosomes. The potential clinical prospect of circRNAs in regulating tumor drug resistance was also discussed.
Collapse
|
9
|
Sun G, Shen JF, Wei XF, Qi GX. Circular RNA Foxo3 Relieves Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Suppressing Autophagy via Inhibiting HMGB1 by Repressing KAT7 in Myocardial Infarction. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:6397-6407. [PMID: 34880642 PMCID: PMC8647308 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s339133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Myocardial infarction is coronary artery-related heart disease, and the leading cause of mortality globally. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a new type of regulatory RNAs and participate in multiple pathological cardiac progression. Methods However, the function of circFoxo3 in MI-induced myocardial injury remains obscure. Results Significantly, we identified that circFoxo3 was downregulated in the MI rat model and the overexpression of circFoxo3 ameliorated MI-induced cardiac dysfunction and attenuated MI-induced autophagy in rat model. Meanwhile, the overexpression of circFoxo3 repressed oxygen–glucose deprivation (OGD)-induced autophagy, apoptosis, inflammation, and injury of cardiomyocyte in vitro. Mechanically, we identified that the expression of KAT7 was reduced by circFoxo3 overexpression in cardiomyocytes. Meanwhile, the expression of HMGB1 was repressed by the depletion of KAT7 in cardiomyocytes. The enrichment of histone H3 lysine 14 acetylation (H3K14ac) and RNA polymerase II (RNA pol II) on HMGB1 promoter was inhibited by the knockdown of KAT7. Moreover, the overexpression of circFoxo3 suppressed HMGB1 expression and KAT7 overexpression rescued the expression of HMGB1 in cardiomyocytes. The enrichment of KAT7, H3K14ac, and RNA poly II on HMGB1 promoter was decreased by circFoxo3 overexpression, while the overexpression of KAT7 could reverse the effect. The overexpression of KAT7 or HMGB1 could reverse circFoxo3-attenuated cardiomyocyte injury and autophagy in vitro. Thus, we conclude that circular RNA circFoxo3 relieved myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by suppressing autophagy via inhibiting HMGB1 by repressing KAT7 in MI. Discussion Our finding provides new insight into the mechanism by which circFoxo3 regulates MI-related cardiac dysfunction by targeting KAT7/HMGB1 axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guang Sun
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Fen Shen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiu-Fang Wei
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Xian Qi
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhou L, Wu B, Yang J, Wang B, Pan J, Xu D, Du C. Knockdown of circFOXO3 ameliorates cigarette smoke-induced lung injury in mice. Respir Res 2021; 22:294. [PMID: 34789242 PMCID: PMC8597310 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-021-01883-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains a prevalent chronic airway inflammatory disease. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are associated with inflammation regulation; therefore, we examined distinct effects of circRNA FOXO3 (circFOXO3) against pneumonic inflammatory processes in COPD. Methods We first quantified and localized circFOXO3 in mouse lung epithelial cell line MLE12 by quantitative reverse-transcription PCR and in situ hybridization. Next, circFOXO3 was suppressed by therapeutic administration of circFOXO3 knockdown lentivirus in mice exposed to air or cigarette smoke (CS) for 12 weeks, and several hallmarks of COPD were evaluated. Results We noticed that circFOXO3 is upregulated in CS-exposed lungs and cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-treated murine alveolar epithelial cells. Knockdown of circFOXO3 attenuated the release of CXCL1 and IL-6 as well as inflammatory processes in the lungs of CS-exposed mice. In addition, we identified miR-214-3p as a circFOXO3-targeted microRNA. MiR-214-3p overexpression exerted protective effects against pneumonic inflammation after CS exposure. Silencing of circFOXO3 downregulated IKK-β mRNA (miR-214-3p’s target), resulting in the dysfunction of the NF-κB signaling pathway and attenuation of CSE-induced inflammatory-cytokine expression. Conclusions Collectively, these findings reveal a crucial function of circFOXO3 in the pathological remodeling related to CS-induced inflammatory processes. Hence, circFOXO3 might be a good target for the treatment of inflammatory disorders similar to CS-induced lung inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, QingPu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated To Fudan University, No.1158 Gongyuan Dong Road, Shanghai, 201700, China
| | - Bo Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, QingPu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated To Fudan University, No.1158 Gongyuan Dong Road, Shanghai, 201700, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, QingPu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated To Fudan University, No.1158 Gongyuan Dong Road, Shanghai, 201700, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, QingPu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated To Fudan University, No.1158 Gongyuan Dong Road, Shanghai, 201700, China
| | - Jing Pan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, QingPu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated To Fudan University, No.1158 Gongyuan Dong Road, Shanghai, 201700, China
| | - Donghui Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, QingPu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated To Fudan University, No.1158 Gongyuan Dong Road, Shanghai, 201700, China
| | - Chunling Du
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, QingPu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated To Fudan University, No.1158 Gongyuan Dong Road, Shanghai, 201700, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ketogal Safety Profile in Human Primary Colonic Epithelial Cells and in Mice. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14111149. [PMID: 34832931 PMCID: PMC8623564 DOI: 10.3390/ph14111149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In our previous studies, a ketorolac–galactose conjugate (ketogal) showed prolonged anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity, causing less gastric ulcerogenic effect and renal toxicity than its parent drug ketorolac. In order to demonstrate the safer profile of ketogal compared to ketorolac, histopathological changes in the small intestine and liver using three staining techniques before and after repeated oral administration in mice with ketorolac or an equimolecular dose of its galactosylated prodrug ketogal were assessed. Cytotoxicity and oxidative stress parameters were evaluated and compared in ketorolac- and ketogal-treated Human Primary Colonic Epithelial cells at different concentrations and incubation times. Evidence of mitochondrial oxidative stress was found after ketorolac treatment; this was attributable to altered mitochondrial membrane depolarization and oxidative stress parameters. No mitochondrial damage was observed after ketogal treatment. In ketorolac-treated mice, severe subepithelial vacuolation and erosion with inflammatory infiltrates and edematous area in the intestinal tissues were noted, as well as alterations in sinusoidal spaces and hepatocytes with foamy cytoplasm. In contrast, treatment with ketogal provided a significant improvement in the morphology of both organs. The prodrug clearly demonstrated a safer profile than its parent drug both in vitro and ex vivo, confirming that ketogal is a strategic alternative to ketorolac.
Collapse
|
12
|
Tao M, Zheng M, Xu Y, Ma S, Zhang W, Ju S. CircRNAs and their regulatory roles in cancers. Mol Med 2021; 27:94. [PMID: 34445958 PMCID: PMC8393742 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-021-00359-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a novel type of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), have a covalently closed circular structure resulting from pre-mRNA back splicing via spliceosome and ribozymes. They can be classified differently in accordance with different criteria. As circRNAs are abundant, conserved, and stable, they can be used as diagnostic markers in various diseases and targets to develop new therapies. There are various functions of circRNAs, including sponge for miR/proteins, role of scaffolds, templates for translation, and regulators of mRNA translation and stability. Without m7G cap and poly-A tail, circRNAs can still be degraded in several ways, including RNase L, Ago-dependent, and Ago-independent degradation. Increasing evidence indicates that circRNAs can be modified by N-6 methylation (m6A) in many aspects such as biogenesis, nuclear export, translation, and degradation. In addition, they have been proved to play a regulatory role in the progression of various cancers. Recently, methods of detecting circRNAs with high sensitivity and specificity have also been reported. This review presents a detailed overview of circRNAs regarding biogenesis, biomarker, functions, degradation, and dynamic modification as well as their regulatory roles in various cancers. It’s particularly summarized in detail in the biogenesis of circRNAs, regulation of circRNAs by m6A modification and mechanisms by which circRNAs affect tumor progression respectively. Moreover, existing circRNA detection methods and their characteristics are also mentioned.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Tao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Xisi Road, No.20, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.,Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.,Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ming Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Xisi Road, No.20, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.,Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.,Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanhua Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Xisi Road, No.20, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.,Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.,Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuo Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Xisi Road, No.20, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.,Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.,Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Xisi Road, No.20, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China. .,Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Shaoqing Ju
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Xisi Road, No.20, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Oli V, Gupta R, Kumar P. FOXO and related transcription factors binding elements in the regulation of neurodegenerative disorders. J Chem Neuroanat 2021; 116:102012. [PMID: 34400291 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2021.102012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and others, are characterized by progressive loss of neuronal cells, which causes memory impairment and cognitive decline. Mounting evidence demonstrated the possible implications of diverse biological processes, namely oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, aberrant cell cycle re-entry, post-translational modifications, protein aggregation, impaired proteasome dysfunction, autophagy, and many others that cause neuronal cell death. The condition worsens as there is no effective treatment for such diseases due to their complex pathogenesis and mechanism. Mounting evidence demonstrated the role of regulatory transcription factors, such as NFκβ, FoxO, Myc, CREB, and others that regulate the biological processes and diminish the disease progression and pathogenesis. Studies demonstrated that forkhead box O (FoxO) transcription factors had been implicated in the regulation of aging and longevity. Further, the functions of FoxO proteins are regulated by different post-translational modifications (PTMs), namely acetylation, and ubiquitination. Various studies concluded that FoxO proteins exert both neuroprotective and neurotoxic properties depending on their regulation mechanism and activity in the brain. Thus, understanding the nature of FoxO expression and activity in the brain will help develop effective therapeutic strategies. Herein, firstly, we discuss the role of FoxO protein in cell cycle regulation and cell proliferation, followed by the regulation of FoxO proteins through acetylation and ubiquitination. We also briefly explain the activity and expression pattern of FoxO proteins in the neuronal cells and explain the mechanism through which FoxO proteins are rescued from oxidative stress-induced neurotoxicity. Later on, we present a detailed view of the implication of FoxO proteins in neurodegenerative disease and FoxO proteins as an effective therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vaibhav Oli
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Delhi Technological University (Formerly Delhi College of Engineering), India
| | - Rohan Gupta
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Delhi Technological University (Formerly Delhi College of Engineering), India
| | - Pravir Kumar
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Delhi Technological University (Formerly Delhi College of Engineering), India.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Circular RNAs: Novel Players in the Oxidative Stress-Mediated Pathologies, Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Targets. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6634601. [PMID: 34257814 PMCID: PMC8245247 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6634601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OxS) is a wildly described cause of damage to macromolecules, resulting in abnormal physiological conditions. In recent years, a few studies have shown that oxidation/antioxidation imbalance plays a significant role in developing diseases involving different systems and organs. However, the research on the circular RNA (circRNA) roles in OxS is still in its very infancy. Therefore, we hope to provide a comprehensive overview of the recent research that explored the function of circRNAs associated with OxS and its role in the pathogenesis of different diseases that affect different body systems like the nervous system, cardiovascular system, kidneys, and lungs. It provides the possibilities of using these circRNAs as superior diagnostic and therapeutic options for OxS associated with these disease conditions.
Collapse
|
15
|
Rao D, Yu C, Sheng J, Lv E, Huang W. The Emerging Roles of circFOXO3 in Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:659417. [PMID: 34150756 PMCID: PMC8213346 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.659417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of endogenous non-coding RNAs which are mainly formed by reverse splicing of precursor mRNAs. They are relatively stable and resistant to RNase R because of their covalently closed structure without 5' caps or 3' poly-adenylated tails. CircRNAs are widely expressed in eukaryotic cells and show tissue, timing, and disease specificity. Recent studies have found that circRNAs play an important role in many diseases. In particular, they affect the proliferation, invasion and prognosis of cancer by regulating gene expression. CircRNA Forkhead box O3 (circFOXO3) is a circRNA confirmed to be abnormally expressed in a variety of cancers, including prostate cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, glioblastoma, bladder cancer, and breast cancer, etc. At present, the feature of circFOXO3 as a molecular sponge is widely studied to promote or inhibit the development of cancers. However, the diverse functions of circFOXO3 have not been fully understood. Hence, it is important to review the roles of circFOXO3 in cancers. This review has summarized and discussed the roles and molecular mechanism of circFOXO3 and its target genes in these cancers, which can help to enrich our understanding to the functions of circRNAs and carry out subsequent researches on circFOXO3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dean Rao
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chengpeng Yu
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiaqi Sheng
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Enjun Lv
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenjie Huang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Yang T, Li Y, Zhao F, Zhou L, Jia R. Circular RNA Foxo3: A Promising Cancer-Associated Biomarker. Front Genet 2021; 12:652995. [PMID: 33833780 PMCID: PMC8021895 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.652995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of novel non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Emerging evidence demonstrates that circRNAs play crucial roles in many biological processes by regulating linear RNA transcription, downstream gene expression and protein or peptide translation. Meanwhile, recent studies have suggested that circRNAs have the potential to be oncogenic or anti-oncogenic and play vital regulatory roles in the initiation and progression of tumors. Circular RNA Forkhead box O3 (circ-Foxo3, hsa_circ_0006404) is encoded by the human FOXO3 gene and is one of the most studied circular RNAs acting as a sponge for potential microRNAs (miRNAs) (Du et al., 2016). Previous studies have reported that circ-Foxo3 is involved in the development and tumorigenesis of a variety of cancers (bladder, gastric, acute lymphocytic leukemia, glioma, etc.). In this review, we summarize the current studies concerning circ-Foxo3 deregulation and the correlative mechanism in various human cancers. We also point out the potential clinical applications of this circRNA as a biomarker for cancer diagnosis and prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianli Yang
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liuhua Zhou
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruipeng Jia
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
circFOXO3: Going around the mechanistic networks in cancer by interfering with miRNAs regulatory networks. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2021; 1867:166045. [PMID: 33513429 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.166045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNA) have gained recent interest due to their functional versatility due to their interactions with other RNA species and proteins, all of which underline complex regulatory networks involved in pathogenic mechanisms. As a result, recent insights in circRNA biology are investigating their biomarker and therapeutic potential. One such circRNA is CircFOXO3, which consists of the circularized second exon of the FOXO3 mRNA, a member of the forkhead box transcription factor family involved in the regulation of developmental programs. Recent research focused on the role of circFOXO3 in the context of cancer has highlighted several implications in key tumorigenesis mechanisms, thus consolidating its relevance among other identified circRNAs. In this paper, we will focus on the currently identified case-specific implications of circFOXO3 in cancer, with a focus on the circFOXO3-miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks, its interactions with different proteins, and their cumulated biological effects upon tumor development. Therefore, we aim to provide an integrated perspective of the mechanistic implications of circFOXO3 in different cancers while also highlighting its biomarker or therapeutic potential based on the current evidence.
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhang L, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Li P. Pathogenic mechanisms and the potential clinical value of circFoxo3 in cancers. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 23:908-917. [PMID: 33614239 PMCID: PMC7868936 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are covalently closed circular structures that can function in various physiological and pathological processes by acting as microRNA (miRNA) sponges, RNA-binding protein (RBP) sponges, mRNA transcriptional regulators, and protein translational templates. circFoxo3 is one of the most studied circRNAs and is generated from the tumor suppressor gene Foxo3. Increasing studies have demonstrated the multiple functions of circFoxo3 in the pathogenesis of different cancer types. circFoxo3 plays important roles in cancer development mainly by binding to various miRNAs. The diagnostic potential of circFoxo3 has been revealed in several cancers. Some research results have been found to contradict the results of other studies, and this may be due to insufficient sample sizes and inconsistencies in the experimental and nomenclature methods. In this review, we systematically summarize current knowledge about the biogenesis and functions of circRNAs, elucidate the roles of circFoxo3 in different cancers, and explore the clinical applications of circFoxo3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, NO38 DengZhou Road, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Yin Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, NO38 DengZhou Road, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, NO38 DengZhou Road, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Yanfang Zhao
- Institute of Biomedical Research, School for Life Science, Shandong University of Technology, 266 Xincun West Road, Zibo 255000, China
| | - Peifeng Li
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, NO38 DengZhou Road, Qingdao 266021, China
| |
Collapse
|