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Aliakbari S, Hasanzadeh L, Sayyah M, Amini N, Pourbadie HG. Induced expression of rabies glycoprotein in the dorsal hippocampus enhances hippocampal dependent memory in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease. J Neurovirol 2024:10.1007/s13365-024-01221-y. [PMID: 38943023 DOI: 10.1007/s13365-024-01221-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
The Rabies virus is a neurotropic virus that manipulates the natural cell death processes of its host to ensure its own survival and replication. Studies have shown that the anti-apoptotic effect of the virus is mediated by one of its protein named, rabies glycoprotein (RVG). Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the loss of neural cells and memory impairment. We aim to examine whether expression of RVG in the hippocampal cells can shield the detrimental effects induced by Aβ. Oligomeric form of Aβ (oAβ) or vehicle was bilaterally microinjected into the dorsal hippocampus of male Wistar rats. One week later, two μl (108 T.U. /ml) of the lentiviral vector carrying RVG gene was injected into their dorsal hippocampus (post-treatment). In another experiment, the lentiviral vector was microinjected one week before Aβ injection (pre-treatment). One week later, the rat's brain was sliced into cross-sections, and the presence of RVG-expressing neuronal cells was confirmed using fluorescent microscopy. Rats were subjected to assessments of spatial learning and memory as well as passive avoidance using the Morris water maze (MWM) and the Shuttle box apparatuses, respectively. Protein expression of AMPA receptor subunit (GluA1) was determined using western blotting technique. In MWM, Aβ treated rats showed decelerated acquisition of the task and impairment of reference memory. RVG expression in the hippocampus prevented and restored the deficits in both pre- and post- treatment conditions, respectively. It also improved inhibitory memory in the oAβ treated rats. RVG increased the expression level of GluA1 level in the hippocampus. Based on our findings, the expression of RVG in the hippocampus has the potential to enhance both inhibitory and spatial learning abilities, ultimately improving memory performance in an AD rat model. This beneficial effect is likely attributed, at least in part, to the increased expression of GluA1-containing AMPA receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shayan Aliakbari
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Hasanzadeh
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sayyah
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloufar Amini
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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Jahnke HG, te Kamp V, Prönnecke C, Schmidt S, Azendorf R, Klupp B, Robitzki AA, Finke S. Novel Multiparametric Bioelectronic Measurement System for Monitoring Virus-Induced Alterations in Functional Neuronal Networks. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:295. [PMID: 38920600 PMCID: PMC11202209 DOI: 10.3390/bios14060295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Development and optimisation of bioelectronic monitoring techniques like microelectrode array-based field potential measurement and impedance spectroscopy for the functional, label-free and non-invasive monitoring of in vitro neuronal networks is widely investigated in the field of biosensors. Thus, these techniques were individually used to demonstrate the capabilities of, e.g., detecting compound-induced toxicity in neuronal culture models. In contrast, extended application for investigating the effects of central nervous system infecting viruses are rarely described. In this context, we wanted to analyse the effect of herpesviruses on functional neuronal networks. Therefore, we developed a unique hybrid bioelectronic monitoring platform that allows for performing field potential monitoring and impedance spectroscopy on the same microelectrode. In the first step, a neuronal culture model based on primary hippocampal cells from neonatal rats was established with reproducible and stable synchronised electrophysiological network activity after 21 days of cultivation on microelectrode arrays. For a proof of concept, the pseudorabies model virus PrV Kaplan-ΔgG-GFP was applied and the effect on the neuronal networks was monitored by impedance spectroscopy and field potential measurement for 72 h in a multiparametric mode. Analysis of several bioelectronic parameters revealed a virus concentration-dependent degeneration of the neuronal network within 24-48 h, with a significant early change in electrophysiological activity, subsequently leading to a loss of activity and network synchronicity. In conclusion, we successfully developed a microelectrode array-based hybrid bioelectronic measurement platform for quantitative monitoring of pathologic effects of a herpesvirus on electrophysiological active neuronal networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heinz-Georg Jahnke
- Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Biochemical Cell Technology, Leipzig University, Deutscher Platz 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany (S.S.)
| | - Verena te Kamp
- Institute of Molecular Virology and Cell Biology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald, Germany (B.K.)
| | - Christoph Prönnecke
- Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Biochemical Cell Technology, Leipzig University, Deutscher Platz 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany (S.S.)
| | - Sabine Schmidt
- Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Biochemical Cell Technology, Leipzig University, Deutscher Platz 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany (S.S.)
| | - Ronny Azendorf
- Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Biochemical Cell Technology, Leipzig University, Deutscher Platz 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany (S.S.)
| | - Barbara Klupp
- Institute of Molecular Virology and Cell Biology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald, Germany (B.K.)
| | - Andrea A. Robitzki
- Division Management for Biology, Chemistry and Process Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Stefan Finke
- Institute of Molecular Virology and Cell Biology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald, Germany (B.K.)
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Choopani S, Kiani B, Aliakbari S, Babaie J, Golkar M, Pourbadie HG, Sayyah M. Latent toxoplasmosis impairs learning and memory yet strengthens short-term and long-term hippocampal synaptic plasticity at perforant pathway-dentate gyrus, and Schaffer collatterals-CA1 synapses. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8959. [PMID: 37268701 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35971-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Investigating long-term potentiation (LTP) in disease models provides essential mechanistic insight into synaptic dysfunction and relevant behavioral changes in many neuropsychiatric and neurological diseases. Toxoplasma (T) gondii is an intracellular parasite causing bizarre changes in host's mind including losing inherent fear of life-threatening situations. We examined hippocampal-dependent behavior as well as in vivo short- and long-term synaptic plasticity (STP and LTP) in rats with latent toxoplasmosis. Rats were infected by T. gondii cysts. Existence of REP-529 genomic sequence of the parasite in the brain was detected by RT-qPCR. Four and eight weeks after infection, spatial, and inhibitory memories of rats were assessed by Morris water maze and shuttle box tests, respectively. Eight weeks after infection, STP was assessed in dentate gyrus (DG) and CA1 by double pulse stimulation of perforant pathway and Shaffer collaterals, respectively. High frequency stimulation (HFS) was applied to induce LTP in entorhinal cortex-DG (400 Hz), and CA3-CA1 (200 Hz) synapses. T. gondii infection retarded spatial learning and memory performance at eight weeks post-infection period, whereas inhibitory memory was not changed. Unlike uninfected rats that normally showed paired-pulse depression, the infected rats developed paired-pulse facilitation, indicating an inhibitory synaptic network disruption. T. gondii-infected rats displayed strengthened LTP of both CA1-pyramidal and DG-granule cell population spikes. These data indicate that T. gondii disrupts inhibition/excitation balance and causes bizarre changes to the post-synaptic neuronal excitability, which may ultimately contribute to the abnormal behavior of the infected host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Choopani
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahereh Kiani
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Biology, Damghan University, Damghan, Iran
| | - Shayan Aliakbari
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jalal Babaie
- Department of Parasitology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Golkar
- Department of Parasitology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Sayyah
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
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Heidarli E, Vatanpour H, Nasri Nasrabadi N, Soltani M, Tahmasebi S, Faizi M. The Effects of the Fraction Isolated from Iranian Buthotus shach Scorpion Venom on Synaptic Plasticity, Learning, Memory, and Seizure Susceptibility. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2023; 22:e138273. [PMID: 38444716 PMCID: PMC10912865 DOI: 10.5812/ijpr-138273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Epilepsy, as a neurological disease, can be defined as frequent seizure attacks. Further, it affects many other aspects of patients' mental activities, such as learning and memory. Scorpion venoms have gained notice as compounds with potential antiepileptic properties. Among them, Buthotus schach (BS) is one of the Iranian scorpions studied by Aboutorabi et al., who fractionated, characterized, and tested this compound using electrophysiological techniques in brain slices (patch-clamp recording). In the present study, the fraction obtained from gel electrophoresis was investigated through behavioral and electrophysiological assays. At first, ventricular cannulation was performed in rats, and then the active fraction (i.e., F3), carbamazepine, and the vehicle were microinjected into the brain before seizure induction by the subcutaneous (SC) injection of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ). Seizure behaviors were scaled according to Racine stages. Memory and learning were evaluated using the Y-maze and passive avoidance tests. Other groups entered evoked field potential recording after microinjection and seizure induction. Population spike (PS) and field excitatory postsynaptic potential (fEPSP) were measured. The F3 fraction could prevent the fifth stage and postpone the third stage of seizure compared to the control (carbamazepine) group. There was no significant improvement in memory and learning in the group treated with the F3 fraction. Also, PS amplitude and fEPSP slope increased significantly, and long-term potentiation was successfully formed after the high-frequency stimulation of the performant pathway. Our results support the antiepileptic effects of the F3 fraction of BS venom, evidenced by behavioral and electrophysiological studies. However, the effects of this fraction on memory and learning were not in the same direction, suggesting the involvement of two different pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elmira Heidarli
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Vatanpour
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nafiseh Nasri Nasrabadi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Centre, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maha Soltani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Tahmasebi
- Department of Cognitive Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Faizi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Role of the glycoprotein thorns in anxious effects of rabies virus: Evidence from an animal study. Brain Res Bull 2022; 185:107-116. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2022.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Research Advances on the Interactions between Rabies Virus Structural Proteins and Host Target Cells: Accrued Knowledge from the Application of Reverse Genetics Systems. Viruses 2021; 13:v13112288. [PMID: 34835093 PMCID: PMC8617671 DOI: 10.3390/v13112288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rabies is a lethal zoonotic disease caused by lyssaviruses, such as rabies virus (RABV), that results in nearly 100% mortality once clinical symptoms appear. There are no curable drugs available yet. RABV contains five structural proteins that play an important role in viral replication, transcription, infection, and immune escape mechanisms. In the past decade, progress has been made in research on the pathogenicity of RABV, which plays an important role in the creation of new recombinant RABV vaccines by reverse genetic manipulation. Here, we review the latest advances on the interaction between RABV proteins in the infected host and the applied development of rabies vaccines by using a fully operational RABV reverse genetics system. This article provides a background for more in-depth research on the pathogenic mechanism of RABV and the development of therapeutic drugs and new biologics.
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Rabies virus glycoprotein enhances spatial memory via the PDZ binding motif. J Neurovirol 2021; 27:434-443. [PMID: 33788140 DOI: 10.1007/s13365-021-00972-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Rabies is a life-threatening viral infection of the brain. Rabies virus (RABV) merely infects excitable cells including neurons provoking drastic behaviors including negative emotional memories. RABV glycoprotein (RVG) plays a critical role in RABV pathogenesis. RVG interacts with various cytoplasmic PDZ (PSD-95/Dlg/ZO-1) containing proteins through its PDZ binding motif (PBM). PTZ domains have crucial role in formation and function of signal transduction. Hippocampus is one of the cerebral regions that contain high load of viral antigens. We examined impact of RVG expression in the dorsal hippocampus on aversive as well as spatial learning and memory performance in rats. Two microliter of the lentiviral vector (~108 T.U./ml) encoding RVG or ∆RVG (deleted PBM) genomes was microinjected into the hippocampal CA1. After 1 week, rat's brain was cross-sectioned and RVG/∆RVG-expressing neuronal cells were confirmed by fluorescent microscopy. Passive avoidance and spatial learning and memory were assessed in rats by Shuttle box and Morris water maze (MWM). In the shuttle box, both RVG and ∆RVG decreased the time spent in the dark compartment compared to control (p < 0.05). In MWM, RVG and ∆RVG did not affect the acquisition of spatial task. In the probe test, RVG-expressing rats spent more time in the target quadrant, and also reached the platform position sooner than control group (p < 0.05). Rats expressing ∆RVG significantly swam farther from the hidden platform than RVG group (p < 0.05). Our data indicate RVG expression in the hippocampus strengthens aversive and spatial learning and memory performance. The boosting effect on spatial but not avoidance memory is mediated through PBM.
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