1
|
Wang X, Jin L, Zhang X, Li M, Zhu A, Zhang M, Fan H. Transcriptomic profiling and risk assessment in bladder cancer: Insights from copper death-related genes. Cell Signal 2024; 121:111237. [PMID: 38810861 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study aimed to investigate the role of copper death-related genes (CRGs) in bladder cancer (BC) for improved prognosis assessment. METHODS Multi-omics techniques were utilized to analyze CRG expression in BC tissues from TCGA and GEO databases. Consensus clustering categorized patients into molecular subtypes based on clinical characteristics and immune cell infiltration. RESULTS An innovative risk assessment model identified eight critical genes associated with BC risk. In vitro and in vivo experiments validated LIPT1's significant impact on copper-induced cell death, proliferation, migration, and invasion in BC. CONCLUSION This multi-omics analysis elucidates the pivotal role of CRGs in BC progression, suggesting enhanced risk assessment through molecular subtype categorization and identification of key genes like LIPT1. Insights into these mechanisms offer the potential for improved diagnosis and treatment strategies for BC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130022, PR China
| | - Long Jin
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130022, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130022, PR China
| | - Mingyu Li
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130022, PR China
| | - Ankang Zhu
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130022, PR China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130022, PR China
| | - Haitao Fan
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130022, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yu D, Yang J, Wang B, Li Z, Wang K, Li J, Zhu C. New genetic insights into immunotherapy outcomes in gastric cancer via single-cell RNA sequencing and random forest model. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2024; 73:112. [PMID: 38693422 PMCID: PMC11063021 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-024-03684-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The high mortality rate of gastric cancer, traditionally managed through surgery, underscores the urgent need for advanced therapeutic strategies. Despite advancements in treatment modalities, outcomes remain suboptimal, necessitating the identification of novel biomarkers to predict sensitivity to immunotherapy. This study focuses on utilizing single-cell sequencing for gene identification and developing a random forest model to predict immunotherapy sensitivity in gastric cancer patients. METHODS Differentially expressed genes were identified using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and gene set enrichment analysis (GESA). A random forest model was constructed based on these genes, and its effectiveness was validated through prognostic analysis. Further, analyses of immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoints, and the random forest model provided deeper insights. RESULTS High METTL1 expression was found to correlate with improved survival rates in gastric cancer patients (P = 0.042), and the random forest model, based on METTL1 and associated prognostic genes, achieved a significant predictive performance (AUC = 0.863). It showed associations with various immune cell types and negative correlations with CTLA4 and PDCD1 immune checkpoints. Experiments in vitro and in vivo demonstrated that METTL1 enhances gastric cancer cell activity by suppressing T cell proliferation and upregulating CTLA4 and PDCD1. CONCLUSION The random forest model, based on scRNA-seq, shows high predictive value for survival and immunotherapy sensitivity in gastric cancer patients. This study underscores the potential of METTL1 as a biomarker in enhancing the efficacy of gastric cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dajun Yu
- Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital) of Jinan University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, People's Republic of China
| | - BinBin Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhixiang Li
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Zhu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tanaka R, Yoshinouchi S, Karouji K, Tanaka Y, Tominari T, Hirata M, Matsumoto C, Itoh Y, Miyaura C, Inada M. A mouse model of lung cancer induced via intranasal injection for anticancer drug screening and evaluation of pathology. FEBS Open Bio 2022; 13:51-59. [PMID: 36102619 PMCID: PMC9810119 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathologies and lethality of lung cancers are associated with smoking, lifestyle, and genomic factors. Several experimental mouse models of lung cancer, including those induced via intrapulmonary injection and intratracheal injection, have been reported for evaluating the pharmacological effect of drugs. However, these models are not sufficient for evaluating the efficacy of drugs during screening, as these direct injection models ignore the native processes of cancer progression in vivo, resulting in the inadequate pathological formation of lung cancer. In the present study, we developed a novel intranasal injection model of lung cancer simulating the native lung cancer pathology for anticancer drug screening. A mouse lung cancer cell line (Lewis lung carcinoma; LCC) was intranasally injected into mouse lungs, and injected cell number-dependent cancer proliferation was apparent in both the left and right lungs. Human non-small-cell lung cancer (NCI-H460) cells were also intranasally injected into nude mice and similarly showed injected cell number-dependent cancer growth. For the pharmacological evaluation of cisplatin, two different treatment frequencies were tested four times per month and twice a month. The intranasal injection model confirmed that cisplatin suppressed lung cancer progression to a greater extent under the more frequent treatment condition. In conclusion, these results indicated that our intranasal injection model is a powerful tool for investigating lung cancer pathology and may aid in the development of new anti-lung cancer agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Tanaka
- Cooperative Major of Advanced Health ScienceTokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyJapan,Testing and Research LaboratoriesHAMLI Co., Ltd.IbarakiJapan
| | - Shosei Yoshinouchi
- Cooperative Major of Advanced Health ScienceTokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyJapan
| | - Kento Karouji
- Department of Biotechnology and Life ScienceTokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyJapan
| | - Yuki Tanaka
- Department of Biotechnology and Life ScienceTokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyJapan
| | - Tsukasa Tominari
- Department of Biotechnology and Life ScienceTokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyJapan
| | - Michiko Hirata
- Department of Biotechnology and Life ScienceTokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyJapan
| | - Chiho Matsumoto
- Department of Biotechnology and Life ScienceTokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyJapan
| | - Yoshifumi Itoh
- Institute of Global Innovation ResearchTokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyJapan,Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal SciencesUniversity of OxfordUK
| | - Chisato Miyaura
- Cooperative Major of Advanced Health ScienceTokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyJapan,Department of Biotechnology and Life ScienceTokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyJapan,Institute of Global Innovation ResearchTokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyJapan
| | - Masaki Inada
- Cooperative Major of Advanced Health ScienceTokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyJapan,Department of Biotechnology and Life ScienceTokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyJapan,Institute of Global Innovation ResearchTokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyJapan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hamilton G. Comparative characteristics of small cell lung cancer and Ewing's sarcoma: a narrative review. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2022; 11:1185-1198. [PMID: 35832443 PMCID: PMC9271444 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-22-58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objective Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and Ewing's sarcoma (ES) at the disseminated stage are not amenable to therapy and have a dismal prognosis with low survival rates. Despite representing different tumor entities, treatment for both malignancies relies on cytotoxic chemotherapy that has not considerably changed for the past decades. The genomic background has been extensively studied and found to comprise inactivation of p53 and RB1 in case of SCLC and EWSR1/FLI1 rearrangement in case of ES resulting in aggressive tumors in adults with heavy tobacco consumption and as bone tumor in juveniles, respectively. New therapeutic modalities are urgently needed to improve the outcomes of both tumor entities, especially in patients with metastatic disease or recurrences. This review summarizes the common cell biologic and clinical characteristics of difficult-to-treat SCLC and ES and discusses their refractoriness and options to improve the therapeutic efficacy. Methods PubMed and Euro PMC were searched from January 1st, 2012 to January 16th, 2022 using the following key words: "SCLC", "Ewing´s sarcoma", "Genomics" and "Chemoresistance" as well as own work. Key Content and Findings Therapy of SCLC and ES involves the use of undirected cytotoxic drugs in multimodal chemotherapy and administration of topotecan for 2nd line SCLC regimens. Despite highly aggressive chemotherapies, outcomes are dismal for patients with disseminated tumors. A host of unrelated drugs and targeted therapeutics have failed to result in progress for the patients and the underlying mechanisms of chemoresistance are still not clear. Identification of chemoresistance-reversing modulators in vitro and patient-derived xenografts of SCLC and ES has not translated into new therapies. Conclusions The global chemoresistance of SCLC and ES may be explained by physiological resistance at the tumor level and formation of larger spheroids that contain quiescent and hypoxic tumor cells in regions that occlude therapeutics. This type of chemoresistance is difficult to overcome and prevent the accumulation of effective drug concentration at the tumor cell level to a significant degree leaving therapeutic interventions of any kind ineffective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Hamilton
- Institute of Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Taromi S, Firat E, Simonis A, Braun LM, Apostolova P, Elze M, Passlick B, Schumacher A, Lagies S, Frey A, Schmitt-Graeff A, Burger M, Schmittlutz K, Follo M, von Elverfeldt D, Zhu X, Kammerer B, Diederichs S, Duyster J, Manz MG, Niedermann G, Zeiser R. Enhanced AC133-specific CAR T cell therapy induces durable remissions in mice with metastatic small cell lung cancer. Cancer Lett 2022; 538:215697. [PMID: 35487310 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Metastatic small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is not curable. While SCLC is initially sensitive to chemotherapy, remissions are short-lived. The relapse is induced by chemotherapy-selected tumor stem cells, which express the AC133 epitope of the CD133 stem cell marker. We studied the effectiveness of AC133-specific CAR T cells post-chemotherapy using human primary SCLC and an orthotopic xenograft mouse model. AC133-specific CAR T cells migrated to SCLC tumor lesions, reduced the tumor burden, and prolonged survival in a humanized orthotopic SCLC model, but were not able to entirely eliminate tumors. We identified CD73 and PD-L1 as immune-escape mechanisms and combined PD-1-inhibition and CD73-inhibition with CAR T cell treatment. This triple-immunotherapy induced cures in 25% of the mice, without signs of graft-versus-host disease or bone marrow failure. AC133+ cancer stem cells and PD-L1+CD73+ myeloid cells were detectable in primary human SCLC tissues, suggesting that patients may benefit from the triple-immunotherapy. We conclude that the combination of AC133-specific CAR T cells, anti-PD-1-antibody and CD73-inhibitor specifically eliminates chemo-resistant tumor stem cells, overcomes SCLC-mediated T cell inhibition, and might induce long-term complete remission in an otherwise incurable disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Taromi
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; University Furtwangen, Faculty of Medical and Life Sciences, Campus VS-Schwenningen, Germany.
| | - Elke Firat
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Simonis
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology and Oncology, Zurich University and University Hospital Medical Center Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lukas M Braun
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Petya Apostolova
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Mirjam Elze
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bernward Passlick
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alicia Schumacher
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Simon Lagies
- Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Institute of Biology II, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anna Frey
- Department of Pathology, Freiburg University Medical Center, Albert-Ludwigs-University (ALU) Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Annette Schmitt-Graeff
- Department of Pathology, Freiburg University Medical Center, Albert-Ludwigs-University (ALU) Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Meike Burger
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; University Furtwangen, Faculty of Medical and Life Sciences, Campus VS-Schwenningen, Germany
| | - Katrin Schmittlutz
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marie Follo
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dominik von Elverfeldt
- Medical Physics, Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University (ALU) Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Xuekai Zhu
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies (SIAIS), ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bernd Kammerer
- Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Institute of Biology II, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Center for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Germany; Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sven Diederichs
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Freiburg, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Justus Duyster
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Freiburg, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus G Manz
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology and Oncology, Zurich University and University Hospital Medical Center Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gabriele Niedermann
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Freiburg, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Robert Zeiser
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Freiburg, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS - Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Enhanced AC133-specific CAR T cell therapy induces durable remissions in mice with metastatic small cell lung cancer. Cancer Lett 2021; 520:385-399. [PMID: 34407431 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Metastatic small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is not curable. While SCLC is initially sensitive to chemotherapy, remissions are short-lived. The relapse is induced by chemotherapy-selected tumor stem cells, which express the AC133 epitope of the CD133 stem cell marker. We studied the effectiveness of AC133-specific CAR T cells post-chemotherapy using human primary SCLC and an orthotopic xenograft mouse model. AC133-specific CAR T cells migrated to SCLC tumor lesions, reduced the tumor burden, and prolonged survival in a humanized orthotopic SCLC model, but were not able to entirely eliminate tumors. We identified CD73 and PD-L1 as immune-escape mechanisms and combined PD-1-inhibition and CD73-inhibition with CAR T cell treatment. This triple-immunotherapy induced cures in 25% of the mice, without signs of graft-versus-host disease or bone marrow failure. AC133+ cancer stem cells and PD-L1+CD73+ myeloid cells were detectable in primary human SCLC tissues, suggesting that patients may benefit from the triple-immunotherapy. We conclude that the combination of AC133-specific CAR T cells, anti-PD-1-antibody and CD73-inhibitor specifically eliminates chemo-resistant tumor stem cells, overcomes SCLC-mediated T cell inhibition, and might induce long-term complete remission in an otherwise incurable disease.
Collapse
|
7
|
Reichardt W, von Elverfeldt D. Preclinical Applications of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Oncology. Recent Results Cancer Res 2020; 216:405-437. [PMID: 32594394 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-42618-7_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The evolving possibilities of molecular imaging (MI) are fundamentally changing the way we look at cancer, with imaging paradigms now shifting away from basic morphological measures toward the longitudinal assessment of functional, metabolic, cellular, and molecular information in vivo. Recent developments of imaging methodology and probe molecules utilizing the vast number of novel animal models of human cancers have enhanced our ability to non-invasively characterize neoplastic tissue and follow anticancer treatments. While preclinical molecular imaging offers a whole palette of excellent methodology to choose from, we will focus on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques, since they provide excellent molecular imaging capabilities and bear high potential for clinical translation. Prerequisites and consequences of using animal models as surrogates of human cancers in preclinical molecular imaging are outlined. We present physical principles, values, and limitations of MRI as molecular imaging modality and comment on its high potential to non-invasively assess information on metabolism, hypoxia, angiogenesis, and cell trafficking in preclinical cancer research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wilfried Reichardt
- Medical Physics, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. .,German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany. .,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Dominik von Elverfeldt
- Medical Physics, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sui JSY, Martin P, Gray SG. Pre-clinical models of small cell lung cancer and the validation of therapeutic targets. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2020; 24:187-204. [PMID: 32068452 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2020.1732353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive form of lung cancer that has a dismal prognosis. One of the factors hindering therapeutic developments for SCLC is that most SCLC is not surgically resected resulting in a paucity of material for analysis. To address this, significant efforts have been made by investigators to develop pre-clinical models of SCLC allowing for downstream target identification in this difficult to treat cancer.Areas covered: In this review, we describe the current pre-clinical models that have been developed to interrogate SCLC, and outline the benefits and limitations associated with each. Using examples we show how each has been used to (i) improve our knowledge of this intractable cancer, and (ii) identify and validate potential therapeutic targets that (iii) are currently under development and testing within the clinic.Expert opinion: The large numbers of preclinical models that have been developed have dramatically improved the ways in which we can examine SCLC and test therapeutic targets/interventions. The newer models are rapidly providing novel avenues for the design and testing of new therapeutics. Despite this many of these models have inherent flaws that limit the possibility of their use for individualized therapy decision-making for SCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jane S Y Sui
- Thoracic Oncology Research Group, Laboratory Medicine and Molecular Pathology, Central Pathology Laboratory, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Medical Oncology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Petra Martin
- Thoracic Oncology Research Group, Laboratory Medicine and Molecular Pathology, Central Pathology Laboratory, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Steven G Gray
- Thoracic Oncology Research Group, Laboratory Medicine and Molecular Pathology, Central Pathology Laboratory, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,Labmed Directorate, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Biological Sciences, Dublin Institute of Technology, Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
Introduction: Smoking is the main preventable cause of lung cancer. This review summarizes preclinical and clinical data on the mechanisms of smoking-associated cancer development of the major histological lung cancer types small cell lung carcinoma squamous cell carcinoma and pulmonary adenocarcinoma (PAC) and the impact of several factors other than smoking on this process. Areas covered: The role of intracellular signaling induced by nicotinic receptors and beta-adrenergic receptors, the resulting increase in intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) as a key driver of PAC and the promoting effects of respiratory tract diseases and their therapeutics, psychological stress and global warming. Expert opinion: Smoking has deleterious effects on the regulation of lung epithelia by neurotransmitter receptors that are further enhanced by gene mutations. Sensitization of the alpha-7 nicotinic receptor (α7nAChR) by COPD enhances the carcinogenic effects of smoking and turns nicotine into a carcinogen. Nicotine vaping may, therefore, cause cancer in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The opposing effects of cAMP on the major lung cancer types indicate that patients with PAC of Clara cell phenotype (PAC-Cl) will benefit from treatment with cAMP reducers and suggest that global warming-induced respiratory tract diseases and their therapeutics cause the global increase in the incidence of PAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hildegard M Schuller
- a Department of Biomedical & Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee , Knoxville , TN , USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Shimojo M, Kasahara Y, Inoue M, Tsunoda SI, Shudo Y, Kurata T, Obika S. A gapmer antisense oligonucleotide targeting SRRM4 is a novel therapeutic medicine for lung cancer. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7618. [PMID: 31110284 PMCID: PMC6527545 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43100-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is the most aggressive neuroendocrine phenotype of the deadliest human lung cancers. However the therapeutic landscape for SCLC has not changed in over 30 years. Effective treatment and prognosis are needed to combat this aggressive cancer. Herein we report that Ser/Arg repetitive matrix 4 (SRRM4), a splicing activator, is abnormally expressed at high levels in SCLC and thus is a potential therapeutic target. We screened an effective gapmer antisense oligonucleotide (gASO) targeting SRRM4 in vitro which led to cell death of SCLC. Our gASO, which is stabilized by containing artificial nucleotides, effectively represses SRRM4 mRNA. We found that our gASO repressed SRRM4 synthesis leading to a dramatic tumor reduction in a lung cancer mouse model. We also analyzed miRNA microarray and found that the miR-4516 is abnormally increased in exosomes in the blood of SCLC patients. Treating with gASO suppressed tumors in the SCLC model mouse concurrently reduced plasma miR-4516. In conclusion this study reports that administration of an SRRM4-targeted gASO coupled with a novel miRNA diagnostic methodology represents a potential breakthrough in the therapeutic treatment of high mortality SCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masahito Shimojo
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Yuuya Kasahara
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), 7-6-8 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan
| | - Masaki Inoue
- National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), 7-6-8 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan.,The Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, 1-1-3 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-8586, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Tsunoda
- National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), 7-6-8 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan.,The Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, 1-1-3 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-8586, Japan
| | - Yoshie Shudo
- Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Takayasu Kurata
- Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Satoshi Obika
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), 7-6-8 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Jo EB, Hong D, Lee YS, Lee H, Park JB, Kim SJ. Establishment of a Novel PDX Mouse Model and Evaluation of the Tumor Suppression Efficacy of Bortezomib Against Liposarcoma. Transl Oncol 2018; 12:269-281. [PMID: 30447641 PMCID: PMC6260470 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2018.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model has been adopted as a major tool for studying tumorigenesis and differentiation in various carcinomas. In addition, it has been used in the development of anticancer agents. PDX models have been among the most meaningful tools used to understand the role of stromal cells and vascular cells in the body, which are major factors in cancer development and the application of therapeutic agents. Also, the establishment of PDX models from liposarcoma patients is considered to be important for understanding lipomagenesis and following drugs development. For these reasons, we developed patient-derived cell (PDC) and PDX models derived from 20 liposarcoma patients. The tissues of these patients were obtained in accordance with the principles of the Samsung Medical Center's ethics policy, and cell culture and xenografting onto the mice were performed under these principles. High-throughput drug screening (HTS) was carried out using established PDCs to select candidate drugs. Among the different candidate anticancer drugs, we tested the effect of bortezomib, which was expected to inhibit MDM2 amplification. First, we confirmed that the PDCs maintained the characteristics of liposarcoma cells by assessing MDM2 amplification and CDK4 overexpression using fluorescence in situ hybridization. Analysis of short tandem repeats and an array using comparative genomic hybridization confirmed that the PDX model exhibited the same genomic profile as that of the patient. Immunohistochemistry for MDM2 and CDK4 showed that the overexpression patterns of both proteins were similar in the PDX models and the PDCs. Specifically, MDM2 amplification was observed to be significantly correlated with the successful establishment of PDX mouse models. However, CDK4 expression did not show such a correlation. Of the anticancer drugs selected through HTS, bortezomib showed a strong anticancer effect against PDC. In addition, we observed that bortezomib suppressed MDM2 expression in a dose-dependent manner. In contrast, p21 tended to elicit an increase in PDC expression. Treatment of the PDX model with bortezomib resulted in an anticancer effect similar to that seen in the PDCs. These results support that PDCs and PDX models are among the most powerful tools for the development and clinical application of anticancer drugs for the treatment of liposarcoma patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eun Byeol Jo
- Department of Health Sciences & Technology, Graduate School, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul; Transplantation Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Doopyo Hong
- Department of Health Sciences & Technology, Graduate School, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul
| | - Young Sang Lee
- Department of Health Sciences & Technology, Graduate School, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul; Transplantation Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjoo Lee
- Transplantation Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Berm Park
- Department of Health Sciences & Technology, Graduate School, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul; Transplantation Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Joo Kim
- Department of Health Sciences & Technology, Graduate School, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul; Transplantation Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Aktar R, Dietrich A, Tillner F, Kotb S, Löck S, Willers H, Baumann M, Krause M, Bütof R. Pre-clinical imaging for establishment and comparison of orthotopic non-small cell lung carcinoma: in search for models reflecting clinical scenarios. Br J Radiol 2018; 92:20180539. [PMID: 30215546 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20180539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Clinically relevant animal models of non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) are required for the validation of novel treatments. We compared two different orthotopic transplantation techniques as well as imaging modalities to identify suitable mouse models mimicking clinical scenarios. METHODS: We used three genomically diverse NSCLC cell lines [National Cancer Institute (NCI)-H1703 adenosquamous cell carcinoma, NCI-H23 adenocarcinoma and A549 adenocarcinoma) for implanting tumour cells either as spheroids or cell suspension into lung parenchyma. Bioluminescence imaging (BLI) and contrast-enhanced cone beam CT (CBCT) were performed twice weekly to monitor tumour growth. Tumour histological data and microenvironmental parameters were determined. RESULTS: Tumour development after spheroid-based transplantation differs probably due to the integrity of spheroids, as H1703 developed single localised nodules, whereas H23 showed diffuse metastatic spread starting early after transplantation. A549 transplantation as cell suspension with the help of a stereotactic system was associated with initial single localised tumour growth and eventual metastatic spread. Imaging techniques were successfully applied to monitor longitudinal tumour growth: BLI revealed highly sensitive qualitative data, whereas CBCT was associated with less sensitive quantitative data. Histology revealed significant model-dependent heterogeneity in proliferation, hypoxia, perfusion and necrosis. CONCLUSION: Our developed orthotopic NSCLC tumours have similarity with biological growth behaviour comparable to that seen in the clinic and could therefore be used as attractive models to study tumour biology and evaluate new therapeutic strategies. The use of human cancer cell lines facilitates testing of different genomic tumour profiles that may affect treatment outcomes. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE: The combination of different imaging modalities to identify tumour growth with subsequent use in treatment planning and orthotopic transplantation techniques to develop initially single lesions to ultimate metastases pave the way towards representative pre-clinical NSCLC models for experimental testing of novel therapeutic options in future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rozina Aktar
- 1 OncoRay ̶ National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf , Dresden , Germany.,2 German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden , Dresden , Germany.,3 German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Antje Dietrich
- 1 OncoRay ̶ National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf , Dresden , Germany.,2 German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden , Dresden , Germany.,3 German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Falk Tillner
- 1 OncoRay ̶ National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf , Dresden , Germany.,4 Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden , Dresden , Germany.,5 Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology ̶ OncoRay , Dresden , Germany
| | - Shady Kotb
- 1 OncoRay ̶ National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf , Dresden , Germany.,2 German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden , Dresden , Germany.,3 German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Steffen Löck
- 1 OncoRay ̶ National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf , Dresden , Germany.,2 German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden , Dresden , Germany.,3 German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , Heidelberg , Germany.,4 Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden , Dresden , Germany
| | - Henning Willers
- 6 Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA , USA
| | - Michael Baumann
- 1 OncoRay ̶ National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf , Dresden , Germany.,2 German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden , Dresden , Germany.,3 German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , Heidelberg , Germany.,4 Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden , Dresden , Germany.,5 Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology ̶ OncoRay , Dresden , Germany
| | - Mechthild Krause
- 1 OncoRay ̶ National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf , Dresden , Germany.,2 German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden , Dresden , Germany.,3 German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , Heidelberg , Germany.,4 Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden , Dresden , Germany.,5 Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology ̶ OncoRay , Dresden , Germany.,7 National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany, and; Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR) , Dresden , Germany
| | - Rebecca Bütof
- 1 OncoRay ̶ National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf , Dresden , Germany.,3 German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , Heidelberg , Germany.,4 Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden , Dresden , Germany.,7 National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany, and; Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR) , Dresden , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Chen LX, Ni XL, Zhang H, Wu M, Liu J, Xu S, Yang LL, Fu SZ, Wu J. Preparation, characterization, in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor effect of thalidomide nanoparticles on lung cancer. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:2463-2476. [PMID: 29719394 PMCID: PMC5922239 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s159327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Thalidomide (THA) is an angiogenesis inhibitor and an efficient inhibitor of the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). However, the clinical application of THA has been limited due to hydrophobicity of the compound. Materials and methods To increase the water solubility of THA and in order to evaluate the anticancer abilities of this material on human lung carcinoma, methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(ε-caprolactone) nanoparticles loaded with THA (THA-NPs) were prepared. The synthesis of THA-NPs was carried out via a dialysis method with relative satisfactory encapsulation efficiency, loading capacity, size distribution, and zeta potential. Results A cytotoxicity assay demonstrated that THA-NPs inhibited the growth of cells in a dose-dependent manner. The evaluation of anti-tumor activity in vivo showed that THA-NPs could inhibit tumor growth and prolong the survival rate of tumor-bearing mice. Immunohistochemical analysis indicated that THA-NPs inhibited cell proliferation (Ki-67 positive rate, 32.8%±4.2%, P<0.01), and resulted in a decreased rate of the tumor tissue microvessel density (3.87%±0.77%, P<0.01), VEGF (26.67%±4.02%, P<0.01), and TNF-α (75.21±6.85 ng/mL, P<0.01). Conclusion In general, the drug delivery system reported herein may shed light on future targeted therapy in lung cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Long Xia Chen
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Ling Ni
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Xu
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Lin Yang
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shao Zhi Fu
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingbo Wu
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Taromi S, Kayser G, Catusse J, von Elverfeldt D, Reichardt W, Braun F, Weber WA, Zeiser R, Burger M. CXCR4 antagonists suppress small cell lung cancer progression. Oncotarget 2018; 7:85185-85195. [PMID: 27835905 PMCID: PMC5356728 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive tumor with poor prognosis due to early metastatic spread and development of chemoresistance. Playing a key role in tumor-stroma interactions the CXCL12-CXCR4 axis may be involved in both processes and thus represent a promising therapeutic target in SCLC treatment. In this study we investigated the effect of CXCR4 inhibition on metastasis formation and chemoresistance using an orthotopic xenograft mouse model. This model demonstrates regional spread and spontaneous distant metastases closely reflecting the clinical situation in extensive SCLC. Tumor engraftment, growth, metabolism, and metastatic spread were monitored using different imaging techniques: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Bioluminescence Imaging (BLI) and Positron Emission Tomography (PET). Treatment of mice bearing chemoresistant primary tumors with the specific CXCR4 inhibitor AMD3100 reduced the growth of the primary tumor by 61% (P<0.05) and additionally suppressed metastasis formation by 43%. In comparison to CXCR4 inhibition as a monotherapy, standard chemotherapy composed of cisplatin and etoposide reduced the growth of the primary tumor by 71% (P<0.01) but completely failed to suppress metastasis formation. Combination of chemotherapy and the CXCR4 inhibitor integrated the highest of both effects. The growth of the primary tumor was reduced to a similar extent as with chemotherapy alone and metastasis formation was reduced to a similar extent as with CXCR4 inhibitor alone. In conclusion, we demonstrate in this orthotopic mouse model that the addition of a CXCR4 inhibitor to chemotherapy significantly reduces metastasis formation. Thus, it might improve the overall therapy response and consequently the outcome of SCLC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Taromi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University Medical Center, Hugstetter, D-79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gian Kayser
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center, Breisacher, D-79106 Freiburg
| | - Julie Catusse
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University Medical Center, Hugstetter, D-79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dominik von Elverfeldt
- Department of Radiology Medical Physics, University Medical Center, Breisacher, D-79106 Freiburg
| | - Wilfried Reichardt
- Department of Radiology Medical Physics, University Medical Center, Breisacher, D-79106 Freiburg
| | - Friederike Braun
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center, Hugstetter D-79106 Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York 10065, NY, USA.,University of Freiburg, Faculty of Biology, Schaenzlestrasse, D-79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang A Weber
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center, Hugstetter D-79106 Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York 10065, NY, USA
| | - Robert Zeiser
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University Medical Center, Hugstetter, D-79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Meike Burger
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University Medical Center, Hugstetter, D-79106 Freiburg, Germany.,University Furtwangen, Faculty of Medical and Life Sciences, Campus Schwenningen, VS-78054 Schwenningen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Taromi S, Lewens F, Arsenic R, Sedding D, Sänger J, Kunze A, Möbs M, Benecke J, Freitag H, Christen F, Kaemmerer D, Lupp A, Heilmann M, Lammert H, Schneider CP, Richter K, Hummel M, Siegmund B, Burger M, Briest F, Grabowski P. Proteasome inhibitor bortezomib enhances the effect of standard chemotherapy in small cell lung cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:97061-97078. [PMID: 29228593 PMCID: PMC5722545 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive cancer showing a very poor prognosis because of metastasis formation at an early stage and acquisition of chemoresistance. One key driver of chemoresistance is the transcription factor Forkhead box protein M1 (FOXM1) that regulates cell cycle proliferation, maintenance of genomic stability, DNA damage response, and cell differentiation in numerous tumor entities. In this study we investigated the role of FOXM1 in SCLC progression and analyzed the effect of FOXM1 inhibition using two proteasome inhibitors, bortezomib and siomycin A. FOXM1 was strongly expressed in patient-derived SCLC samples (n=123) and its nuclear localization was associated with the proliferation marker Ki-67. Both proteasome inhibitors successfully inhibited FOXM1 expression leading to a significantly reduced proliferation and a decreased mitotic rate along with cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction. These effects were further enhanced by addition of bortezomib to standard chemotherapy. Treatment of mice bearing chemoresistant SCLC xenografts with bortezomib reduced the mean bioluminescence signal of tumors by 54%. Similarly, treatment with cisplatin as a standard chemotherapy reduced the mean bioluminescence signal of tumors by 58%. However, in combination with standard chemotherapy bortezomib further reduced the mean bioluminescence signal by 93% (p=0.0258). In conclusion, we demonstrate the effect of bortezomib in inhibiting FOXM1 expression and thus in sensitizing resistant SCLC cells to standard chemotherapy. Thus, addition of bortezomib to standard chemotherapy might potently improve SCLC therapy, particularly in an extensive cancer stage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Taromi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Florentine Lewens
- Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases, Rheumatology CC13, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ruza Arsenic
- Institute of Pathology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dagmar Sedding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases, Rheumatology CC13, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Markus Möbs
- Institute of Pathology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Joana Benecke
- Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases, Rheumatology CC13, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Helma Freitag
- Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases, Rheumatology CC13, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Medical Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Friederike Christen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases, Rheumatology CC13, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany.,Institute of Biology, Humboldt-Universität, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Kaemmerer
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Zentralklinik Bad Berka GmbH, Bad Berka, Germany
| | - Amelie Lupp
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Mareike Heilmann
- Department for Oncology, Zentralklinik Bad Berka GmbH, Bad Berka, Germany
| | - Hedwig Lammert
- Institute of Pathology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Karen Richter
- Department for Oncology, Zentralklinik Bad Berka GmbH, Bad Berka, Germany
| | - Michael Hummel
- Institute of Pathology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Britta Siegmund
- Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases, Rheumatology CC13, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Meike Burger
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Franziska Briest
- Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases, Rheumatology CC13, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität (FU), Berlin, Germany.,Department of Gastroenterology and Endocrinology, Zentralklinik Bad Berka GmbH, Bad Berka, Germany
| | - Patricia Grabowski
- Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases, Rheumatology CC13, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Gastroenterology and Endocrinology, Zentralklinik Bad Berka GmbH, Bad Berka, Germany.,Department of Medical Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Gómez-Cuadrado L, Tracey N, Ma R, Qian B, Brunton VG. Mouse models of metastasis: progress and prospects. Dis Model Mech 2017; 10:1061-1074. [PMID: 28883015 PMCID: PMC5611969 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.030403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from a primary tumor to distant sites within the body to establish secondary tumors. Although this is an inefficient process, the consequences are devastating as metastatic disease accounts for >90% of cancer-related deaths. The formation of metastases is the result of a series of events that allow cancer cells to escape from the primary site, survive in the lymphatic system or blood vessels, extravasate and grow at distant sites. The metastatic capacity of a tumor is determined by genetic and epigenetic changes within the cancer cells as well as contributions from cells in the tumor microenvironment. Mouse models have proven to be an important tool for unraveling the complex interactions involved in the metastatic cascade and delineating its many stages. Here, we critically appraise the strengths and weaknesses of the current mouse models and highlight the recent advances that have been made using these models in our understanding of metastasis. We also discuss the use of these models for testing potential therapies and the challenges associated with the translation of these findings into the provision of new and effective treatments for cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Gómez-Cuadrado
- Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Natasha Tracey
- Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Ruoyu Ma
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Binzhi Qian
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Valerie G Brunton
- Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
| |
Collapse
|