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Sripada RK, Grau PP, Porath BR, Burgess J, Van T, Kim HM, Boden MT, Zivin K. Role of Institutional Support for Evidence-Based Psychotherapy in Satisfaction and Burnout Among Veterans Affairs Therapists. Psychiatr Serv 2024; 75:206-213. [PMID: 37880969 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ps.20230086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Burnout is widespread among psychotherapists and leads to negative mental and other health outcomes, absenteeism, and turnover. Job resources, including institutional support for evidence-based practices, can buffer against burnout and may improve satisfaction among therapists. The Veterans Health Administration (VHA) is the nation's largest integrated health system and employs 23,000 therapists, including psychologists, social workers, and counselors. The authors assessed associations between perceived institutional support for evidence-based treatment and satisfaction and burnout among VHA therapists. METHODS This analysis used data from the VHA's national 2018 Mental Health Provider Survey. Responding therapists (N=5,341) answered questions about the quality of mental health care and job satisfaction. Multilevel logistic regression models were used to predict burnout and satisfaction. The authors tested availability of evidence-based treatment and measurement-based care (MBC) as predictors; analyses were adjusted for therapist workload, demographic characteristics, and potential clustering by facility. RESULTS VHA therapists had less burnout and more job satisfaction when they perceived receiving institutional support for evidence-based psychotherapy (EBP) and MBC, irrespective of whether the analyses were adjusted for workload. Less difficulty in scheduling EBP was significantly associated with decreased likelihood of burnout (OR=0.83, p<0.001) and increased satisfaction (OR=1.09, p=0.008). Less difficulty ending psychotherapy was significantly associated with decreased likelihood of burnout (OR=0.89, p=0.002) and increased satisfaction (OR=1.12, p=0.004). CONCLUSIONS Support for evidence-based practices, including EBP and MBC, was closely linked to VHA therapists' satisfaction and burnout. Expanding support for therapists to provide evidence-based treatment may benefit therapists, patients, and the health care system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca K Sripada
- Center for Clinical Management Research, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor (Sripada, Grau, Porath, Burgess, Van, Kim, Zivin); Department of Psychiatry, Michigan Medicine (Sripada, Grau, Zivin), and Consulting for Statistics, Computing and Analytics Research (Kim), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Program Evaluation and Resource Center and VA Office of Mental Health Operations, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California (Boden)
| | - Peter P Grau
- Center for Clinical Management Research, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor (Sripada, Grau, Porath, Burgess, Van, Kim, Zivin); Department of Psychiatry, Michigan Medicine (Sripada, Grau, Zivin), and Consulting for Statistics, Computing and Analytics Research (Kim), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Program Evaluation and Resource Center and VA Office of Mental Health Operations, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California (Boden)
| | - Brittany R Porath
- Center for Clinical Management Research, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor (Sripada, Grau, Porath, Burgess, Van, Kim, Zivin); Department of Psychiatry, Michigan Medicine (Sripada, Grau, Zivin), and Consulting for Statistics, Computing and Analytics Research (Kim), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Program Evaluation and Resource Center and VA Office of Mental Health Operations, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California (Boden)
| | - Jennifer Burgess
- Center for Clinical Management Research, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor (Sripada, Grau, Porath, Burgess, Van, Kim, Zivin); Department of Psychiatry, Michigan Medicine (Sripada, Grau, Zivin), and Consulting for Statistics, Computing and Analytics Research (Kim), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Program Evaluation and Resource Center and VA Office of Mental Health Operations, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California (Boden)
| | - Tony Van
- Center for Clinical Management Research, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor (Sripada, Grau, Porath, Burgess, Van, Kim, Zivin); Department of Psychiatry, Michigan Medicine (Sripada, Grau, Zivin), and Consulting for Statistics, Computing and Analytics Research (Kim), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Program Evaluation and Resource Center and VA Office of Mental Health Operations, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California (Boden)
| | - H Myra Kim
- Center for Clinical Management Research, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor (Sripada, Grau, Porath, Burgess, Van, Kim, Zivin); Department of Psychiatry, Michigan Medicine (Sripada, Grau, Zivin), and Consulting for Statistics, Computing and Analytics Research (Kim), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Program Evaluation and Resource Center and VA Office of Mental Health Operations, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California (Boden)
| | - Matthew T Boden
- Center for Clinical Management Research, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor (Sripada, Grau, Porath, Burgess, Van, Kim, Zivin); Department of Psychiatry, Michigan Medicine (Sripada, Grau, Zivin), and Consulting for Statistics, Computing and Analytics Research (Kim), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Program Evaluation and Resource Center and VA Office of Mental Health Operations, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California (Boden)
| | - Kara Zivin
- Center for Clinical Management Research, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor (Sripada, Grau, Porath, Burgess, Van, Kim, Zivin); Department of Psychiatry, Michigan Medicine (Sripada, Grau, Zivin), and Consulting for Statistics, Computing and Analytics Research (Kim), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Program Evaluation and Resource Center and VA Office of Mental Health Operations, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California (Boden)
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Segev E. "A breath of fresh air": mindfulness training for early-career mental health social workers in Israel during COVID-19. SOCIAL WORK IN HEALTH CARE 2023; 62:19-40. [PMID: 36606640 DOI: 10.1080/00981389.2023.2165597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The present study examined the effectiveness of participation in a mindfulness group for Israeli early career social workers during the COVID-19 period. Eleven participants conducting fieldwork in a mental health rehabilitation center were interviewed. The participants described a variety of benefits from their mindfulness training, in three main areas: (1) Personal: applying mindfulness in their daily life; (2) Family: improved work-life balance and family relationships; and (3) Professional: applying mindfulness in their work with mental health clients. Mental support and self-care tools provided to early-career social workers were perceived by the participants as helping them overcome uncertainty, fatigue, and overwork.
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Affiliation(s)
- Einav Segev
- School of Social Work, Sapir College D.N. Hof Ashkelon, Israel
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3
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Winnett R. The experiences of hospital social workers who care for homeless patients: an interpretive phenomenological analysis. SOCIAL WORK IN HEALTH CARE 2022; 61:52-68. [PMID: 35098903 DOI: 10.1080/00981389.2022.2033379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Unique challenges exist for hospital social workers tasked with the care of patients experiencing homelessness. These challenges affect patient care, impact social work practice, and emphasize the need to better understand the experience of providing services to this vulnerable population. Research is limited and focuses upon the experiences of unhoused patients and of medical management, not upon the experiences of the social workers positioned to meaningfully impact care. To address this gap, the current study utilized Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) to examine the lived experiences of hospital social workers providing services to homeless patients. Respondents identified fulfilling aspects of this work but also emphasized the deeply personal and professional challenges it engendered. Recommendations were offered for supporting hospital social workers' self-care, incorporating effective practice perspectives, and providing meaningful patient support. Alignment of respondent experiences with literature on compassion satisfaction, compassion fatigue, work life conditions, and burnout was considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren Winnett
- Doctorate of Social Work Program, School of Social Work, Rutgers the State University of New Jersey, USA
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4
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Collins MH, Cassill CK. Psychological wellness and self-care: an ethical and professional imperative. ETHICS & BEHAVIOR 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10508422.2021.1971526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marielle H. Collins
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
- Division of Psychology, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
| | - Carolyn K. Cassill
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
- Division of Psychology, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
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5
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Rollins AL, Eliacin J, Russ-Jara AL, Monroe-Devita M, Wasmuth S, Flanagan ME, Morse GA, Leiter M, Salyers MP. Organizational conditions that influence work engagement and burnout: A qualitative study of mental health workers. Psychiatr Rehabil J 2021; 44:229-237. [PMID: 33793289 PMCID: PMC8440452 DOI: 10.1037/prj0000472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Clinician burnout in healthcare is extensive and of growing concern. In mental health and rehabilitation settings, research on interventions to improve burnout and work engagement is limited and rarely addresses organizational drivers of burnout. This study sought to elaborate on the organizational influence of burnout and work engagement in mental health. Methods: We randomly selected 40 mental health clinicians and managers who were participating in a burnout intervention and conducted semi-structured interviews to understand their views of organizational conditions impacting burnout and work engagement. Data were analyzed using a thematic analytical approach. Results: Analyses yielded three major themes where organizational contexts might reduce burnout and increase work engagement: (a) a work culture that prioritizes person-centered care over productivity and other performance metrics, (b) robust management skills and practices to overcome bureaucracy, and (c) opportunities for employee professional development and self-care. Participants also referenced three levels of the organizational context that they believed influenced burnout and work engagement: front-line supervisors and program managers, organizational executive leadership, and the larger health system. Conclusions and Implications for Practice: Findings point to several possible targets of intervention at various organizational levels that could guide the field toward more effective ways to reduce burnout and improve work engagement. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela L Rollins
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Veterans Health Indiana
| | - Johanne Eliacin
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Veterans Health Indiana
| | - Alissa L Russ-Jara
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Veterans Health Indiana
| | - Maria Monroe-Devita
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine
| | - Sally Wasmuth
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Veterans Health Indiana
| | - Mindy E Flanagan
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Veterans Health Indiana
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6
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Weikel K, Fisher T. Burnout and Turnover Intention Among Peer Providers and Other Providers of Mental Health Services in a Rural Two-County Area. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOSOCIAL REHABILITATION AND MENTAL HEALTH 2021; 9:33-43. [PMID: 34458073 PMCID: PMC8383238 DOI: 10.1007/s40737-021-00232-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Peer providers in the mental health field, having their own lived experience with mental illness, use their personal experience to assist the consumers of their services. Given high burnout rates in the mental health field, there have been two prior investigations of burnout among peer providers. The present study extends those prior investigations to a sample of peer providers working in community mental health programs in a rural area of the United States. Consistent with the prior studies, there were no differences in burnout between peer providers and other providers employed by those programs, with particularly strong support for the null hypothesis regarding the emotional exhaustion component of burnout. There were also no differences in strength of turnover intentions. However, among the non-consumer providers emotional exhaustion was correlated with both types of turnover intention assessed in this study (intent to change job setting within the mental health field and intent to leave the mental health workforce), whereas among the peer providers emotional exhaustion was correlated only with intent to leave the mental health field. Workload dissatisfaction was the workplace variable most strongly associated with emotional exhaustion among both types of providers. Other moderately strong inverse predictors of emotional exhaustion among peer providers were workplace community and workplace control, and the correlation between emotional exhaustion and workplace control was significantly stronger among the peer providers than among the other providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Weikel
- Psychology Department, Shippensburg University of Pennsylvania, Shippensburg, PA USA
| | - Thomas Fisher
- Psychology Department, Shippensburg University of Pennsylvania, Shippensburg, PA USA
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Can using a servant-leadership model of supervision mitigate against burnout and secondary trauma in the health and social care sector? Leadersh Health Serv (Bradf Engl) 2021. [DOI: 10.1108/lhs-01-2021-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to set out a model of servant leadership that can be infused within a supervisory setting to mitigate employee burnout and negative stressful experiences in the health and social care sector.
Design/methodology/approach
A brief targeted review of the literature was undertaken to assess the prevalence of burnout in the health and social care sectors. The supervision literature was also explored. The outcomes associated with servant leadership were also distilled, focusing on employee well-being.
Findings
Research suggests that burnout and related concepts such as secondary trauma and compassion fatigue impact these professions disproportionately. At the same time, servant leadership is suggested to mitigate some of these factors. The author presents a conceptual model of servant leadership supervision consisting of an ideographic model of servant leadership, Servant Leadership Scale-28 (SLS-28), using the most recent meta-analysis defining this construct, and previously validated measures in the extant literature to inform its design. A Servant Leadership Supervision Scale (SLSS) is also presented aligning its use to several of the core characteristics of servant leadership practice.
Research limitations/implications
In doing so, the author proposes that this approach will help reduce burnout of health and social care sector employees. Limitations are considered in light of the conceptual paper and no primary data.
Practical implications
A model of servant leadership supervision that can be infused into health and social care supervision.
Originality/value
This is the first model of servant leadership supervision articulated for the health and social care sector.
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Zarzycka B, Jankowski T, Krasiczyńska B. Therapeutic relationship and professional burnout in psychotherapists: A structural equation model approach. Clin Psychol Psychother 2021; 29:250-259. [PMID: 34125500 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.2629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies on the therapists' burnout have focused on individual and environmental risk factors. This study aimed to analyse whether variables reflecting therapeutic relationship-the therapist experience of relational depth and quality of the therapeutic relationship-can be related to psychotherapist burnout. Four alternative path models were examined. A total of 101 humanistic-experiential psychotherapists, aged between 29 and 86 years, participated in the research. The Relational Depth Frequency Scale, the Scale to Assess the Therapeutic Relationship, the Psychological Well-Being Scale and the Link Burnout Questionnaire were applied to the research. The results showed that relational depth and therapeutic quality correlated negatively with psychotherapist burnout. Relational depth is the main predictor of psychological well-being and psychotherapist burnout through its effect on therapeutic quality. The experiences of relational depth, primarily of person-centred therapists, have positive psychological potential in predicting lower professional burnout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Zarzycka
- Institute of Psychology, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Tomasz Jankowski
- Institute of Psychology, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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9
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Xie C, Li X, Zeng Y, Hu X. Mindfulness, emotional intelligence and occupational burnout in intensive care nurses: A mediating effect model. J Nurs Manag 2020; 29:535-542. [PMID: 33103273 DOI: 10.1111/jonm.13193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM(S) To construct structural equation models to test the mediating role of emotional intelligence in the relationship between mindfulness and occupational burnout. BACKGROUND Reports assessing the relationships among mindfulness, emotional intelligence and burnout, specifically in ICU nurses, are scarce. METHODS This was a descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional research design with 883 ICU nurses enrolled by convenience sampling from 29 ICUs in seven tertiary hospitals in urban areas of Chengdu, China. Mediation analysis was performed by structural equation modelling. Indirect effects were evaluated through bootstrapping. RESULTS The associations among mindfulness, emotional intelligence, emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal accomplishment were all significant (p < .001). In the mediation models, emotional intelligence partially mediates the relationships between mindfulness and emotional exhaustion (indirect effect 0.118, p = .006; direct effect -0.374, p = .010; total effect -0.492, p = .011) and between mindfulness and depersonalization (indirect effect -0.182, p = .006; direct effect -0.452, p = .015; total effect -0.633, p = .018). Emotional intelligence plays a total mediating role between mindfulness and personal accomplishment (indirect effect 0.293, p = .004; direct effect 0.119, p = .053). CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that nursing manager could implement mindfulness training to improve occupational burnout in ICU nurses. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT Nursing managers could help create a more favourable working environment by providing mindfulness training. Such mindfulness training could help improve nursing quality, reduce errors and ensure patient safety, possibly improving patient prognosis and probably satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caixia Xie
- Department of Nursing, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Department of Nursing, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanli Zeng
- School of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiuying Hu
- Innovation Center of Nursing Research, School of Medicine/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Mental Health Literacy in Healthcare Students: An Expansion of the Mental Health Literacy Scale. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17030948. [PMID: 32033015 PMCID: PMC7036803 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17030948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Although the recently developed mental health literacy scale showed significant score differences between general population and mental health professionals, to this date there is no published scale intended to specifically assess mental health literacy (MHL) in healthcare students. This study constructed a 26-item scale-based measure to assess multiple components of MHL and associated psychometric properties in a sample of medical and public health students of 11 universities in Taiwan. Methods: The development and validation of the scale comprised three phases: measure development, pilot testing (n = 32), and psychometric properties examination (n = 1294). Results: 26 items were generated for five factors: maintenance of positive mental health, recognition of mental illness, attitude to mental illness stigma, help-seeking efficacy, and help-seeking attitude. The scale demonstrated good content validity, internal consistency, and construct validity (factorial validity, convergent validity, discriminant validity, and known groups validity). Conclusions: The findings suggest that the Mental Health Literacy Scale for Healthcare Students (MHLS-HS) is a valid, reliable, and practical tool for identifying MHL gaps in medical and public health students. It has the potential to inform remedial curricular interventions for educators and evaluate intervention effectiveness.
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Vuong W, Ledi D, Kelland J, Hunter D, Boffa E, Agyapong VIO. Promoting Staff and Physician Well-Being With a Single-Day Event: Event Satisfaction and Perceived Well-Being Benefits of an Addiction and Mental Health Sports Day. Workplace Health Saf 2019; 68:6-12. [DOI: 10.1177/2165079919875731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Addiction and mental health (AMH) professionals often experience high levels of burnout, which can lead to detrimental outcomes for patient care and safety and the AMH professional themselves. Interventions aimed at improving well-being can be useful to tackle the issues surrounding burnout. Specifically, implementing activity-based events (ABEs), which encourages individuals to be more physically active, can be useful in improving physical, mental, and social well-being. Alberta Health Services AMH, Edmonton Zone, implemented a Sports Day event to promote well-being as a way to help offset the risk of burnout. Methods: This was an online anonymous cross-sectional, postsurvey evaluation. The postsurvey was administered to 243 AMH staff and physicians who registered for Sports Day. Findings: The responses from 66 AMH staff and physician attendees indicated that individuals were highly satisfied with the event and felt that Sports Day promoted positive mental and physical well-being, helped to develop a sense of community, and strengthened colleague relationships. Conclusions/Application to Professional Practice: The results build on the literature examining the effects of single-day ABEs and can be implemented by health care organizations to promote staff and physician well-being via increased physical activity. Single-day ABEs, like Sports Day, can promote mental, physical, and social well-being. Organizing a sports day event is a feasible way to help offset the risk of burnout and is generally well received by individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ernie Boffa
- Alberta Health Services
- University of Alberta
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12
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Integrating Self-Determination and Job Demands-Resources Theory in Predicting Mental Health Provider Burnout. ADMINISTRATION AND POLICY IN MENTAL HEALTH AND MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH 2019; 45:121-130. [PMID: 27783240 DOI: 10.1007/s10488-016-0772-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Limited progress has been made in reducing burnout in mental health professionals. Accordingly, we identified factors that might protect against burnout and could be productive focal areas for future interventions. Guided by self-determination theory, we examined whether supervisor autonomy support, self-efficacy, and staff cohesion predict provider burnout. 358 staff from 13 agencies completed surveys. Higher levels of supervisor autonomy support, self-efficacy, and staff cohesion were predictive of lower burnout, even after accounting for job demands. Although administrators may be limited in their ability to reduce job demands, our findings suggest that increasing core job resources may be a viable alternative.
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13
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Andreychik MR. Feeling your joy helps me to bear feeling your pain: Examining associations between empathy for others' positive versus negative emotions and burnout. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2018.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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14
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Fleury MJ, Grenier G, Bamvita JM, Farand L. Variables associated with job satisfaction among mental health professionals. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0205963. [PMID: 30335834 PMCID: PMC6193708 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent mental health (MH) reforms have had a sharp impact on practices among MH professionals. A deeper understanding of factors contributing to their job satisfaction, in this context, may help improve quality and continuity of care. The purpose of this study was to identify variables associated with job satisfaction for 315 MH professionals in Quebec (Canada) after implementation of wide-ranging MH reforms. Job satisfaction was measured with the Job Satisfaction Survey. Independent variables were conceptualized within five domains: 1) Professional Characteristics, 2) Team Attributes, 3) Team Processes, 4) Team Emergent States, and 5) Organizational Culture. Univariate, bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed. Job satisfaction was significantly associated with absence of team conflict, stronger team support, better team collaboration, greater member involvement in the decision-making process (Team Processes), Affective commitment toward the team (Team Emergent States), as well as lack of a market/rational culture (Organizational Culture). Job satisfaction was strongly related to team processes and, to a lesser extent, team emergent states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Josée Fleury
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute Research Centre, Montreal, Quebec Canada
- * E-mail:
| | - Guy Grenier
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute Research Centre, Montreal, Quebec Canada
| | - Jean-Marie Bamvita
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute Research Centre, Montreal, Quebec Canada
| | - Lambert Farand
- Department of Health Administration, Policy and Evaluation School of Public Health, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Delgadillo J, Saxon D, Barkham M. Associations between therapists' occupational burnout and their patients' depression and anxiety treatment outcomes. Depress Anxiety 2018; 35:844-850. [PMID: 29719089 DOI: 10.1002/da.22766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 03/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Occupational burnout is common in mental health professionals, but its impact on patient outcomes is as yet uncertain. This study aimed to investigate associations between therapist-level burnout and patient-level treatment outcomes after psychological therapy. METHODS We used multilevel modeling using depression (PHQ-9) and anxiety (GAD-7) outcomes data from 2,223 patients nested within 49 therapists. Therapists completed a survey including the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI) and a job satisfaction scale (JDSS). RESULTS After controlling for case-mix, around 5% of variability in treatment outcomes was explained by therapist effects (TE). Higher therapist OLBI-disengagement and lower JDSS scores were significantly associated with poorer treatment outcomes, explaining between 31 and 39% of the TE estimate. Higher OLBI scores were also correlated with lower job satisfaction ratings. CONCLUSIONS Therapist burnout has a negative impact on treatment outcomes and could be the target of future preventive and remedial action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Delgadillo
- Clinical Psychology Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.,Centre for Psychological Services Research, School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - David Saxon
- Centre for Psychological Services Research, School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Barkham
- Clinical Psychology Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.,Centre for Psychological Services Research, School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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16
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Simionato GK, Simpson S. Personal risk factors associated with burnout among psychotherapists: A systematic review of the literature. J Clin Psychol 2018; 74:1431-1456. [DOI: 10.1002/jclp.22615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Susan Simpson
- School of Psychology, Social Work, and Social Policy; University of South Australia
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Eliacin J, Flanagan M, Monroe-DeVita M, Wasmuth S, Salyers MP, Rollins AL. Social capital and burnout among mental healthcare providers. J Ment Health 2018; 27:388-394. [DOI: 10.1080/09638237.2017.1417570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johanne Eliacin
- Center for Health information and Communication, CHIC, Health Services Research & Development, Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA,
- Health Services Research, Regenstrief Institute, Inc, Indianapolis, IN, USA,
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University Purdue University at Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA,
- ACT Center of Indiana, Indianapolis, IN, USA,
| | - Mindy Flanagan
- Center for Health information and Communication, CHIC, Health Services Research & Development, Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA,
| | - Maria Monroe-DeVita
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division Public Behavioral Health & Justice Policy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA,
| | - Sarah Wasmuth
- School of Occupational Therapy, Health Pavillon, University of Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA,
| | - Michelle P. Salyers
- ACT Center of Indiana, Indianapolis, IN, USA,
- Department of Psychology, Clinical Psychology Program, Indiana University Purdue University at Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA, and
- Regenstrief Institute, Inc, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Angela L. Rollins
- Center for Health information and Communication, CHIC, Health Services Research & Development, Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA,
- ACT Center of Indiana, Indianapolis, IN, USA,
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Fleury MJ, Grenier G, Bamvita JM. Job satisfaction among mental healthcare professionals: The respective contributions of professional characteristics, team attributes, team processes, and team emergent states. SAGE Open Med 2017; 5:2050312117745222. [PMID: 29276591 PMCID: PMC5734453 DOI: 10.1177/2050312117745222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to determine the respective contribution of professional characteristics, team attributes, team processes, and team emergent states on the job satisfaction of 315 mental health professionals from Quebec (Canada). Methods Job satisfaction was measured with the Job Satisfaction Survey. Independent variables were organized into four categories according to a conceptual framework inspired from the Input-Mediator-Outcomes-Input Model. The contribution of each category of variables was assessed using hierarchical regression analysis. Results Variations in job satisfaction were mostly explained by team processes, with minimal contribution from the other three categories. Among the six variables significantly associated with job satisfaction in the final model, four were team processes: stronger team support, less team conflict, deeper involvement in the decision-making process, and more team collaboration. Job satisfaction was also associated with nursing and, marginally, male gender (professional characteristics) as well as with a stronger affective commitment toward the team (team emergent states). Discussion and Conclusion Results confirm the importance for health managers of offering adequate support to mental health professionals, and creating an environment favorable to collaboration and decision-sharing, and likely to reduce conflicts between team members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Josée Fleury
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,The Douglas Hospital Research Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Guy Grenier
- The Douglas Hospital Research Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-Marie Bamvita
- The Douglas Hospital Research Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Fleury MJ, Grenier G, Bamvita JM. A comparative study of job satisfaction among nurses, psychologists/psychotherapists and social workers working in Quebec mental health teams. BMC Nurs 2017; 16:62. [PMID: 29167628 PMCID: PMC5688615 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-017-0255-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study identified multiple socio-professional and team effectiveness variables, based on the Input-Mediator-Output-Input (IMOI) model, and tested their associations with job satisfaction for three categories of mental health professionals (nurses, psychologists/psychotherapists, and social workers). METHODS Job satisfaction was assessed with the Job Satisfaction Survey. Independent variables were classified into four categories: 1) Socio-professional Characteristics; 2) Team Attributes; 3) Team Processes; and 4) Team Emergent States. Variables were entered successively, by category, into a hierarchical regression model. RESULTS Team Processes contributed the greatest number of variables to job satisfaction among all professional groups, including team support which was the only significant variable common to all three types of professionals. Greater involvement in the decision-making process, and lower levels of team conflict (Team Processes) were associated with job satisfaction among nurses and social workers. Lower seniority on team (Socio-professional Characteristics), and team collaboration (Team Processes) were associated with job satisfaction among nurses, as was belief in the advantages of interdisciplinary collaboration (Team Emergent States) among psychologists. Knowledge sharing (Team Processes) and affective commitment to the team (Team Emergent States) were associated with job satisfaction among social workers. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest the need for mental health decision-makers and team managers to offer adequate support to mental health professionals, to involve nurses and social workers in the decision-making process, and implement procedures and mechanisms favourable to the prevention or resolution of team conflict with a view toward increasing job satisfaction among mental health professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Josée Fleury
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute Research Centre, 6875 LaSalle Blvd. Montreal, Quebec, H4H 1R3 Canada
| | - Guy Grenier
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute Research Centre, 6875 LaSalle Blvd. Montreal, Quebec, H4H 1R3 Canada
| | - Jean-Marie Bamvita
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute Research Centre, 6875 LaSalle Blvd. Montreal, Quebec, H4H 1R3 Canada
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20
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Bachmann L, Michaelsen RA, Vatne S. Feeling "overloaded" and "shortcomings": milieu therapists' experiences of vulnerability in caring for severely mentally ill patients. J Multidiscip Healthc 2016; 9:285-96. [PMID: 27471392 PMCID: PMC4948700 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s106310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Milieu therapists’ relationships with patients with severe mental illnesses are viewed as challenging. Elucidating vulnerability from their perspective in daily face-to-face encounters with patients might contribute to extending our knowledge about milieu therapists’ vulnerability and the dynamics of the interaction between patients in mental health services and expertise in building caring and therapeutic relationships. The aim of this project was to study educated milieu therapists’ experiences of their own vulnerability in their interactions with patients in mental health services. Materials and methods The data collection method was focus-group interviews. Thirteen part-time master’s in mental health students (eight nurses, three social workers, two social educators) participated. All participants had experience with community or specialized mental health services (2–8 years). Results The milieu therapists mainly related their experiences of vulnerability to negative feelings elicited by challenging work conditions, disclosed as two main themes: 1) “overloaded”, by the possibility of being physically and mentally hurt and the burdens of long-lasting close relationships; milieu therapists were extremely vulnerable because of their difficulty in protecting themselves; and 2) “shortcomings”, connected to feelings of despair associated with not acting in concordance with their professional standards and insecurity about their skills to handle challenging situations, which was a threat to their professional integrity. There seemed to be coherence between vulnerability and professional inauthenticity. A misunderstanding that professionalism refers to altruism seems to increase milieu therapist vulnerability. Conclusion Vulnerability in health care is of interest to multiple disciplines, and is of relevance for knowledge development in higher education. Extended knowledge and understanding about milieu therapists’ vulnerability might strengthen their personal and professional integrity in professional practice in mental health services. Health care managers’ focus on the supervision of individual professionals in practice and practical training is important. Further research on the coherence between vulnerability and professionalism is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liv Bachmann
- Faculty of Health Science, Molde University College, Molde, Norway
| | | | - Solfrid Vatne
- Faculty of Health Science, Molde University College, Molde, Norway
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21
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Vicente CS, Oliveira RA. Burnout in Formal Caregivers of Elderly and Chronically Ill – Current Affairs. PSYCHOLOGY, COMMUNITY & HEALTH 2015. [DOI: 10.5964/pch.v4i3.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objetivo O estudo visa explorar qual das dimensões associadas ao burnout apresenta maior relevância e a influência de fatores ambientais e relacionais no desenvolvimento desta síndrome. Método Utilizou-se uma metodologia mista. O estudo inclui uma amostra de conveniência com 15 participantes (93.3% do género feminino), selecionados de acordo com critérios de Burnout (n = 7) e índices elevados de Exaustão Emocional (n = 8). A média de idades situa-se entre os 41.6 (SD = 8.92) e 37.2 (SD = 11.54). O Inventário de Burnout de Maslach (MBI-HSS) foi aplicado para a avaliação quantitativa, e a entrevista semiestruturada para explorar indicações clínicas, problemas, aspetos satisfatórios e constrangimentos vividos no trabalho. As entrevistas foram transcritas, codificadas e analisadas através da análise de conteúdo (Bardin, 2011) por um júri de dois investigadores. Resultados A manifestação clínica do burnout mais frequentemente mencionada foi a exaustão emocional. Os fatores mais frequentemente reportados foram o lidar com a fragilidade do outro, impacto da morte, os conflitos interpessoais, o fraco suporte social, o investimento excessivo no trabalho e o não corresponder às expectativas. Os modelos teóricos que melhor se adequam à compreensão do burnout nesta amostra são os que enfatizam a dinâmica intrapessoal e relacional. Conclusão A exaustão emocional é a dimensão mais frequentemente referida pelos participantes para a ocorrência de fenómenos de burnout em profissionais que cuidam de população idosa na amostra estudada. No contexto em estudo, fatores como as relações interpessoais e as vivências/significado atribuído ao trabalho parecem ter maior influência no desenvolvimento do burnout, do que fatores organizacionais.
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Lapischies SRDC, Jardim VMDR, Kantorski LP. Factors associated with satisfaction at work in Psychosocial Care Centers. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2015; 22:950-8. [PMID: 25591089 PMCID: PMC4309229 DOI: 10.1590/0104-1169.3474.2500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: to analyze the prevalence of satisfaction at work and identify associated factors
in Psychosocial Care Centers. METHOD: cross-sectional study involving 546 workers from 40 Psychosocial Care Centers in
the South of Brazil. The satisfaction was identified based on the Assessment Scale
of Satisfaction in the Mental Health Team and a logistic regression model was used
for the adjusted data analysis. RESULTS: the prevalence of satisfaction at work corresponded to 66.4%. Factors directly
associated with satisfaction: higher-level function (except physicians and
psychologists), work time of six months or less, making a larger number of home
visits, good supervision by the team, possibility to make collective choices and
take courses. CONCLUSIONS: the satisfaction is associated with the work organization and conditions and
demonstrates the need to invest in team supervisions, in process that democratize
the services and in the workers' training.
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Green AE, Albanese BJ, Shapiro NM, Aarons GA. The roles of individual and organizational factors in burnout among community-based mental health service providers. Psychol Serv 2014; 11:41-9. [PMID: 24564442 DOI: 10.1037/a0035299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Public-sector mental health care providers are at high risk for burnout, which negatively affects not only provider well-being but also the quality of services for clients and the functioning of organizations. This study examines the influence of demographics, work characteristic, and organizational variables on levels of burnout among child and adolescent mental health service providers operating within a public-sector mental health service system. Additionally, given the dearth of research examining differences in burnout levels among mental health subdisciplines (e.g., social work, psychology, marital and family therapy) and mental health programs (e.g., outpatient, day treatment, wraparound, case management), analyses were conducted to compare levels of burnout among multiple mental health disciplines and program types. Surveys were completed by 285 providers across 49 mental health programs in a large urban public mental health system. Variables representing dimensions of organizational climate and transformational leadership accounted for the greatest amount of variance in provider reported burnout. Analyses demonstrated significantly lower levels of depersonalization among wraparound providers compared to traditional case managers. Age was the only demographic variable related to burnout. Additionally, no significant effects were found for provider discipline or for agency tenure and caseload size. Results suggest the need to consider organizational development strategies aimed at creating more functional and less stressful climates and increasing levels of transformational leadership behaviors in order to reduce levels of burnout among clinicians working in public mental health settings for youth and families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy E Green
- Department of Psychiatry, Child and Adolescent Services Research Center, University of California, San Diego
| | - Brian J Albanese
- Department of Psychiatry, Child and Adolescent Services Research Center, University of California, San Diego
| | - Nicole M Shapiro
- Department of Psychiatry, Child and Adolescent Services Research Center, University of California, San Diego
| | - Gregory A Aarons
- Department of Psychiatry, Child and Adolescent Services Research Center, University of California, San Diego
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Nuttgens S, Chang J. Moral Distress Within the Supervisory Relationship: Implications for Practice and Research. COUNSELOR EDUCATION AND SUPERVISION 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/j.1556-6978.2013.00043.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Nuttgens
- Graduate Centre for Applied Psychology; Athabasca University; Edmonton Alberta Canada
| | - Jeff Chang
- Graduate Centre for Applied Psychology; Athabasca University; Edmonton Alberta Canada
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Clissett P, Porock D, Harwood RH, Gladman JRF. The responses of healthcare professionals to the admission of people with cognitive impairment to acute hospital settings: an observational and interview study. J Clin Nurs 2013; 23:1820-9. [PMID: 24050661 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.12342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To explore the responses of healthcare professionals to the admission of people with cognitive impairment to the acute hospital setting. BACKGROUND While improving care for people with dementia has been identified as a national priority, providing appropriate care in acute hospitals for people with comorbid cognitive impairment presents challenges to healthcare professionals. DESIGN Based on the principles of ethnography, this was a qualitative interview and nonparticipation observational study. METHODS Seventy-two hours of nonparticipant observations of care together with semi-structured interviews with family carers of 34 older people who had been admitted to a UK general hospital and had a cognitive impairment. Interviews and observations were conducted in 2009 and 2010. Analysis was undertaken using Strauss and Corbin's framework. RESULTS The results identified a core problem, 'disruption', and a core process, 'gaining or giving a sense of control to cope with disruption'. Healthcare professionals respond to the disruption in three ways: by acting to preserve the personhood of the individual; by seeking to protect themselves from the stresses associated with caring for the person with cognitive impairment; and by suspending the personhood of the individual. CONCLUSION Where healthcare professionals acted to suspend the personhood of the patient, they appeared to be demonstrating signs of 'burnout'. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE There is a need both to challenge poor practice and for positive development work with healthcare professionals who work in acute hospitals with people with dementia and cognitive impairment so that they are equipped with the skills, emotional resilience and organisational support to be effective in meeting the needs of people with dementia and cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Clissett
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Physiotherapy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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Kraus SW, Stein CH. Recovery-oriented services for individuals with mental illness and case managers' experience of professional burnout. Community Ment Health J 2013; 49:7-13. [PMID: 22438141 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-012-9505-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2011] [Accepted: 03/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Present cross-sectional study examined perceptions of recovery-oriented services and reports of professional burnout and job satisfaction in a sample of 114 case managers working in community mental health centers across Ohio. The research examined the relative contribution of demographic characteristics, the structure of case management services, and case managers' beliefs about recovery-oriented services in describing their reports of professional burnout and job satisfaction. Regardless of individual characteristics of case managers and reports of the structure of their jobs, case managers who perceived their agency to offer higher levels of recovery-oriented services also reported lower levels of depersonalization and emotional exhaustion at work, and higher levels of professional accomplishment and job satisfaction. Directions for future research in the area are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shane W Kraus
- Department of Psychology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH 43403, USA.
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Burnout in mental health services: a review of the problem and its remediation. ADMINISTRATION AND POLICY IN MENTAL HEALTH AND MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH 2012; 39:341-52. [PMID: 21533847 DOI: 10.1007/s10488-011-0352-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 268] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Staff burnout is increasingly viewed as a concern in the mental health field. In this article we first examine the extent to which burnout is a problem for mental health services in terms of two critical issues: its prevalence and its association with a range of undesirable outcomes for staff, organizations, and consumers. We subsequently provide a comprehensive review of the limited research attempting to remediate burnout among mental health staff. We conclude with recommendations for the development and rigorous testing of intervention approaches to address this critical area.
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