1
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Bailey JG, Wong M, Bailey K, Banfield JC, Barry G, Munro A, Kirkland S, Leiter M. Pandemic-related factors predicting physician burnout beyond established organizational factors: cross-sectional results from the COPING survey. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2023; 28:2353-2367. [PMID: 34649468 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2021.1990366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has increased physician burnout beyond high baseline levels. We aimed to determine whether pandemic-related factors contribute to physician burnout beyond known organizational factors. This was a cross-sectional survey of Canadian physicians using a convenience sample. Eligible participants included any physician currently holding a license to practice in Canada. Responses were gathered from May 13 to 12 June 2020. Risk factors measured included the newly developed Pandemic Experiences and Perceptions Scale (PEPS) subscales, contact with virus, pandemic preparation, and provincial caseload. The primary outcome was the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). The primary outcome was completed by 309 respondents. Latent profile analysis found 107 (34.6%) respondents were burned out. In multivariate analysis, exhaustion was independently associated with PEPS adequacy, risk perception, and worklife subscales (adjusted R2 = 0.236, P < 0.001). Cynicism was associated with exhaustion, and PEPS worklife (adjusted R2 = 0.543, P < 0.001). Efficacy was associated with cynicism, PEPS worklife, and active cases (adjusted R2 = 0.152, P < 0.001). Structural equation modelling showed statistically significant direct paths between PEPS areas of worklife and all MBI subscales. Contact with virus, preparation, and PEPS risk perception added to the prediction of MBI exhaustion. Among a sample of Canadian physicians during the COVID-19 pandemic, adequacy of resources, risk perception, and quality of worklife were associated with burnout indices. To mitigate physician burnout organizations should work to improve working conditions, ensure adequate resources, and foster perceived control of risk of transmission.Trial Registration: NCT04379063.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan G Bailey
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Management & Perioperative Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Michael Wong
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kristen Bailey
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Jillian C Banfield
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Management & Perioperative Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Garrett Barry
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Management & Perioperative Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Allana Munro
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Management & Perioperative Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Susan Kirkland
- Department of Community Health & Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Michael Leiter
- Centre for Organizational Research & Development, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS, Canada
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2
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Chirico F, Leiter M. Correct use of the Maslach Burnout Inventory to develop evidence-based strategies against burnout syndrome during and post COVID-19 pandemic. Work 2022; 73:107-108. [DOI: 10.3233/wor-220072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Chirico
- Post-Graduate School of Occupational Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Health Service Department, Italian State Police, Ministry of the Interior, Milan, Italy
| | - Michael Leiter
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
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3
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Chirico
- Post-Graduate School of Occupational Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Health Service Department, Italian State Police, Ministry of the Interior, Centro Sanitario Polifunzionale di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Gabriella Nucera
- Department of Emergency, Fatebenefratelli Hospital, ASST Fatebenefratelli and Sacco, Milano, Italy
| | - Michael Leiter
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
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4
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Keyes M, Ingledew P, Loewen S, Dosani M, Tyldesley S, Brundage M, Leiter M. PO-1031 Canadian Radiation Oncology 2020 Work Engagement and Burnout Survey. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)02995-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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5
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Osajiuba SA, Jedwab R, Calvo R, Dobroff N, Glozier N, Hutchinson A, Leiter M, Nankervis K, Rawson H, Redley B, Manias E. Facilitators and Barriers to the Adoption of an Electronic Medical Record System by Intensive Care Nurses. Stud Health Technol Inform 2021; 284:510-515. [PMID: 34920583 DOI: 10.3233/shti210785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Introducing new technology, such as an electronic medical record (EMR) into an Intensive Care Unit (ICU), can contribute to nurses' stress and negative consequences for patient safety. The aim of this study was to explore ICU nurses' perceptions of factors expected to influence their adoption of an EMR in their workplace. The objectives were to: 1) measure psychological factors expected to influence ICU nurses' adoption of EMR, and 2) explore perceptions of facilitators and barriers to the implementation of an EMR in their workplace. Using an explanatory sequential mixed method approach, data were collected using surveys and focus groups. ICU nurses reported high scores for motivation, work engagement and wellbeing. Focus group analyses revealed two themes: Hope the EMR will bring a new world and Fear of unintended consequences. Recommendations relate to strategies for education and training, environmental restructuring and enablement. Overall, ICU nurses were optimistic about EMR implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rebecca Jedwab
- Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Monash Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rafael Calvo
- Dyson School of Design Engineering, Imperial College London, London South Kensington, United Kingdom
| | - Naomi Dobroff
- Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Monash Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Alison Hutchinson
- Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research - Monash Health Partnership, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Katrina Nankervis
- Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Monash Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Helen Rawson
- Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bernice Redley
- Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research - Monash Health Partnership, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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6
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Njane A, Jedwab R, Calvo R, Dobroff N, Glozier N, Hutchinson A, Leiter M, Manias E, Nankervis K, Rawson H, Redley B. Perioperative Nurses' Perceptions Pre-Implementation of an Electronic Medical Record System. Stud Health Technol Inform 2021; 284:522-527. [PMID: 34920585 DOI: 10.3233/shti210787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The use of electronic medical record (EMR) systems is transforming health care delivery in hospitals. Perioperative nurses work in a unique high-risk health setting, hence require specific considerations for EMR implementation. This research explored perioperative nurses' perceptions of facilitators and barriers to the implementation of an EMR in their workplace to make context-specific recommendations about strategies to optimise EMR adoption. Using a qualitative exploratory descriptive design, focus group data were collected from 27 perioperative nurses across three hospital sites. Thematic analyses revealed three themes: 1) The world is going to change; 2) What does it mean for me? and 3) We can do it, but we have some reservations. Mapping coded data to the Theoretical Domains Framework identified prominent facilitators and barriers, and informed recommended implementation strategies for EMR adoption by perioperative nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Njane
- Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rebecca Jedwab
- Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Monash Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rafael Calvo
- Dyson School of Design Engineering, Iimperial College London, London South Kensington, United Kingdom
| | - Naomi Dobroff
- Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Monash Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Alison Hutchinson
- Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research - Monash Health Partnership, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | - Katrina Nankervis
- Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Monash Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Helen Rawson
- Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bernice Redley
- Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research - Monash Health Partnership, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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7
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Tissera S, Jedwab R, Calvo R, Dobroff N, Glozier N, Hutchinson A, Leiter M, Manias E, Nankervis K, Rawson H, Redley B. Older Nurses' Perceptions of an Electronic Medical Record Implementation. Stud Health Technol Inform 2021; 284:516-521. [PMID: 34920584 DOI: 10.3233/shti210786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In Australia, almost 40% of nurses are aged 50 years and older. These nurses may be vulnerable to leaving the workforce due to challenges experienced during electronic medical record (EMR) implementations. This research explored older nurses' perceptions of factors expected to influence their adoption of an EMR, to inform recommendations to support implementation. The objectives were to: 1) measure psychological factors expected to influence older nurses' adoption of the EMR; and 2) explore older nurses' perceptions of facilitators and barriers to EMR adoption. An explanatory sequential mixed methods design was used to collect survey and focus group data from older nurses, prior to introducing an EMR system. These nurses were highly engaged with their work; 79.3% reported high wellbeing scores. However, their motivation appeared to be predominantly governed by external rather than internal influences. Themes reflecting barriers to EMR and resistance to adoption emerged in the qualitative data.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rebecca Jedwab
- Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Monash Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rafael Calvo
- Dyson School of Design Engineering, Imperial College London, London South, Kensington, United Kingdom
| | - Naomi Dobroff
- Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Monash Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Alison Hutchinson
- Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research - Monash Health Partnership, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | - Katrina Nankervis
- Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Monash Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Helen Rawson
- Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bernice Redley
- Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research - Monash Health Partnership, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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8
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Keyes M, Leiter M, Ingledew P, Loewen S, Tyldesley S, Dosani M, Brundage M. Canadian Radiation Oncology 2020, Work Engagement and Burnout Survey. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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9
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Rollins AL, Eliacin J, Russ-Jara AL, Monroe-Devita M, Wasmuth S, Flanagan ME, Morse GA, Leiter M, Salyers MP. Organizational conditions that influence work engagement and burnout: A qualitative study of mental health workers. Psychiatr Rehabil J 2021; 44:229-237. [PMID: 33793289 PMCID: PMC8440452 DOI: 10.1037/prj0000472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Clinician burnout in healthcare is extensive and of growing concern. In mental health and rehabilitation settings, research on interventions to improve burnout and work engagement is limited and rarely addresses organizational drivers of burnout. This study sought to elaborate on the organizational influence of burnout and work engagement in mental health. Methods: We randomly selected 40 mental health clinicians and managers who were participating in a burnout intervention and conducted semi-structured interviews to understand their views of organizational conditions impacting burnout and work engagement. Data were analyzed using a thematic analytical approach. Results: Analyses yielded three major themes where organizational contexts might reduce burnout and increase work engagement: (a) a work culture that prioritizes person-centered care over productivity and other performance metrics, (b) robust management skills and practices to overcome bureaucracy, and (c) opportunities for employee professional development and self-care. Participants also referenced three levels of the organizational context that they believed influenced burnout and work engagement: front-line supervisors and program managers, organizational executive leadership, and the larger health system. Conclusions and Implications for Practice: Findings point to several possible targets of intervention at various organizational levels that could guide the field toward more effective ways to reduce burnout and improve work engagement. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela L Rollins
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Veterans Health Indiana
| | - Johanne Eliacin
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Veterans Health Indiana
| | - Alissa L Russ-Jara
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Veterans Health Indiana
| | - Maria Monroe-Devita
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine
| | - Sally Wasmuth
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Veterans Health Indiana
| | - Mindy E Flanagan
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Veterans Health Indiana
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10
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Rosenberg C, Walker A, Leiter M, Graffam J. Humor in Workplace Leadership: A Systematic Search Scoping Review. Front Psychol 2021; 12:610795. [PMID: 34385944 PMCID: PMC8353333 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.610795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Humor studies are increasingly prevalent in workplace and leadership domains, it has shown significant development in the last 40 years. The multifaceted nature of humor means varied definitions and diverse measurement approaches have been approved. As a result, research methodologies and findings are not easily clarified, and have not been synthesized. The aim of this scoping review was to review the existing body of literature relevant to humor in workplace leadership to identify key research areas, methodologies used, guiding theoretical frameworks, and gaps that are persisting over the last 40 years. Using qualitative review methods, four key themes in the research emerged relating to: (1) humor styles and outcomes; (2) humor as communication and discursive resource; (3) variables in the humor and leadership relationship; and (4) cultural context. This review demonstrates significant research progress on the topic of humor in workplace leadership. Research progress and gaps are discussed based on five key questions. Future research directions are outlined and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Rosenberg
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Arlene Walker
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael Leiter
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Joe Graffam
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
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11
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Abstract
A cross-sectional province-wide survey study of 3,978 British Columbia (BC) nurses was conducted to explore the mental health state of the nursing workforce in BC. About one third of nurses reported depression and anxiety; about half reported symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder and at least one third reported high levels of one or more dimensions of burnout. Mental health problems were about 1.5 to 3 times more prevalent among BC nurses compared to their peers nationally. Improving nurses' mental health requires multi-factorial and multi-level efforts. Evidence-based and workplace-specific policies and interventions that better support nurses at risk are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farinaz Havaei
- Assistant Professor, School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - Andy Ma
- Master of Arts Student in Measurement, Evaluation and Research Methodology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver BC
| | - Michael Leiter
- Honorary Professor of Organizational Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Adriane Gear
- Case and Contact Management, Pandemic Response, Island Health; Former Consultant, Former Executive Councillor of Occupational Health and Safety, British Columbia Nurses' Union, Burnaby, BC
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12
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Keyes M, Leiter M, Ingledew PA, Loewen S, Dosani M, Brundage M. MSOR07 Presentation Time: 10:30 AM. Brachytherapy 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brachy.2021.06.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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13
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Jackson L, Bourgeault IL, Kruisselbrink A, Barber PG, Leiter M, Nourpanah S, Price S. Geographically mobile healthcare workers and the conditions of their travel: The perspectives of managers. Healthc Manage Forum 2020; 33:206-209. [PMID: 32292095 DOI: 10.1177/0840470420917168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Many healthcare workers are "on the road" traveling to and from fixed sites (eg, patients'/clients' homes). Qualitative interviews with nine Nova Scotian managers of mobile healthcare workers explored the conditions of workers' travel. Findings highlight challenges such as changing schedules, as well as positive features including flexibility over the travel schedule. Some managers noted worker mobility-related responsibilities including having to decide if travel is too dangerous due to poor weather. A few managers suggested that workers may not receive adequate economic reimbursement for travel costs (eg, wear and tear on vehicle), and in some instances, workers need to use a benefit (eg, vacation day) or are not paid if they cannot drive due to poor weather. Reported organizational supports for workers' travel were variable. This research indicates a need for supportive mobility-related policies and practices across all organizations, including policies that cover economic costs related to travel for all workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lois Jackson
- 3688Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Ivy Lynn Bourgeault
- Telfer School of Management, 56004University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Sheri Price
- 3688Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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14
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to examine 1st-line managers' (FLMs') experiences in managing the workplace social environment (WSE). BACKGROUND FLMs are responsible for the establishment and maintenance of supportive WSE essential for effective teamwork. Poorly managed WSE and dysfunctional teams hold negative implications for patients, teams, and organizations. METHODS This was a qualitative descriptive study, using content analysis of individual and focus group interviews with FLMs and directors. RESULTS FLMs play a critical role in the management of the WSE; however, the task is fraught with constraints and challenges including competing demands, lack of support, and insufficient training. Findings explicate how competing demands and communication challenges impede the successful management of the WSE. CONCLUSIONS Given the importance of a healthy WSE to patient, professional, and organizational outcomes, FLMs need support, training, and resources to assist them in managing the social environment alongside other competing priorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheri L Price
- Author Affiliations: Associate Professor (Dr Price), School of Nursing, Dalhousie University; Vice President of Patient Care and Chief Nurse Executive (Ms Vine), IWK Health Centre; Senior Director, Interprofessional Practice and Learning (Ms Gurnham), Nova Scotia Health Authority; and PhD in Nursing Student (Ms Paynter), School of Nursing, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; and Professor of Industrial and Organisational Psychology (Dr Leiter), Faculty of Health, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia
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15
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Spence Laschinger HK, Wong C, Read E, Cummings G, Leiter M, Macphee M, Regan S, Rhéaume‐Brüning A, Ritchie J, Burkoski V, Grinspun D, Gurnham ME, Huckstep S, Jeffs L, Macdonald‐Rencz S, Ruffolo M, Shamian J, Wolff A, Young‐Ritchie C, Wood K. Predictors of new graduate nurses' health over the first 4 years of practice. Nurs Open 2019; 6:245-259. [PMID: 30918676 PMCID: PMC6419115 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To examine predictors of Canadian new graduate nurses' health outcomes over 1 year. DESIGN A time-lagged mail survey was conducted. METHOD New graduate nurses across Canada (N = 406) responded to a mail survey at two time points: November 2012-March 2013 (Time 1) and May-July 2014 (Time 2). Multiple linear regression (mental and overall health) and logistic regression (post-traumatic stress disorder risk) analyses were conducted to assess the impact of Time 1 predictors on Time 2 health outcomes. RESULTS Both situational and personal factors were significantly related to mental and overall health and post-traumatic stress disorder risk. Regression analysis identified that cynicism was a significant predictor of all three health outcomes, while occupational coping self-efficacy explained unique variance in mental health and work-life interference explained unique variance in post-traumatic stress disorder risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carol Wong
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Family School of NursingUniversity of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
| | - Emily Read
- University of New BrunswickFrederictonNew BrunswickCanada
| | - Greta Cummings
- Faculty of NursingUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | - Michael Leiter
- Department of PsychologyFaculty of ScienceAcadia UniversityWolfvilleNova ScotiaCanada
- Centre for Organizational Research and DevelopmentAcadia UniversityWolfvilleNova ScotiaCanada
| | - Maura Macphee
- School of NursingUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Sandra Regan
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Family School of NursingUniversity of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
| | - Ann Rhéaume‐Brüning
- School of Nursing ScienceFaculty of Health Sciences and Community ServicesUniversite de MonctonMonctonNew BrunswickCanada
| | - Judith Ritchie
- McGill University Health Centre Research DepartmentMontrealQuebecCanada
| | | | - Doris Grinspun
- Registered Nurses’ Association of OntarioTorontoOntarioCanada
| | | | | | - Lianne Jeffs
- Nursing/Clinical ResearchNursing AdministrationSt. Michael's HospitalTorontoOntarioCanada
| | | | | | | | - Angela Wolff
- Department of Clinical Education, Professional Practice and IntegrationFraser HealthSurreyBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | | | - Kevin Wood
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Family School of NursingUniversity of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
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Jiménez P, Bregenzer A, Leiter M, Magley V. Psychometric Properties of the German Version of the Workplace Incivility Scale and the Instigated Workplace Incivility Scale. Swiss Journal of Psychology 2018. [DOI: 10.1024/1421-0185/a000213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. The quality of workplace social environments has been widely recognized as having an important role in employees’ experience of their workplace, which is confirmed by recent research. The greater frequency of incivility, in contrast to the more intense forms of negative workplace interactions, expands opportunities for understanding the social dynamics of workplaces. Important aspects of this research are potential cultural variations in workplace social behavior. Valid translations of measures for the core constructs are part of the essential infrastructure to support such research endeavors. To assess uncivil behavior at the workplace, we prepared a German translation of the Workplace Incivility Scale and the Instigated Workplace Incivility Scale. Our analysis of the responses from 2,168 Austrian workers indicated that the translation of both scales into German was successful, and that the concept of incivility can indeed be transferred to the German-speaking population. The factor solution was comparable to the original version of the scales. Criterion validity coefficients lay in a similar range as the coefficients found in previous studies with Canadian samples. The availability of the scales should stimulate research on incivility among the German-speaking population and can help in organization-diagnostic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Jiménez
- Department of Psychology, Karl-Franzens University of Graz, Austria
| | - Anita Bregenzer
- Department of Psychology, Karl-Franzens University of Graz, Austria
| | - Michael Leiter
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Vicki Magley
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
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17
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McFadden P, Mallett J, Leiter M. Extending the two-process model of burnout in child protection workers: The role of resilience in mediating burnout via organizational factors of control, values, fairness, reward, workload, and community relationships. Stress Health 2018; 34:72-83. [PMID: 28544380 DOI: 10.1002/smi.2763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Burnout has been disproportionally reported in child protection social work. This paper presents data from 162 child protection staff in Northern Ireland, assessed for burnout using the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Path models were estimated, based on an extension of the two-process demands and values model (Leiter, ) to include additional measures of resilience using the Resilience Scale-14, as well as perceived rewards and sense of community from the Areas of Work Life Scale (Leiter, ). Optimal model fit was achieved by modelling resilience as a mediator of the relationship between organizational factors of control and value congruence and burnout. Resilience also directly predicted emotional exhaustion (β = -.23, p < .005) and personal accomplishment (β = .46, p < .001). Workload was the strongest direct predictor of emotional exhaustion (β = -.54, p < .001). Adding perceived rewards to extend the two-process model resulted in moderate associations with control (β = .44, p < .001), workload (β = .26, p < .005), fairness (β = .40, p < .001), and values (β = .32, p < .001). In the final model, resilience is modelled as both an outcome of some organizational factors whilst also making a unique direct contribution to explaining burnout alongside other organizational factors. Other pathways and mediating relationships are reported and further research directions discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula McFadden
- School of Social Science, Education and Social Work, Queens University Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - John Mallett
- School of Psychology, Ulster University, Magee Campus Derry, Northern Ireland
| | - Michael Leiter
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
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18
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Regan S, Wong C, Laschinger HK, Cummings G, Leiter M, MacPhee M, Rhéaume A, Ritchie JA, Wolff AC, Jeffs L, Young-Ritchie C, Grinspun D, Gurnham ME, Foster B, Huckstep S, Ruffolo M, Shamian J, Burkoski V, Wood K, Read E. Starting Out: qualitative perspectives of new graduate nurses and nurse leaders on transition to practice. J Nurs Manag 2017; 25:246-255. [PMID: 28244181 DOI: 10.1111/jonm.12456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM To describe new graduate nurses' transition experiences in Canadian healthcare settings by exploring the perspectives of new graduate nurses and nurse leaders in unit level roles. BACKGROUND Supporting successful transition to practice is key to retaining new graduate nurses in the workforce and meeting future demand for healthcare services. METHOD A descriptive qualitative study using inductive content analysis of focus group and interview data from 42 new graduate nurses and 28 nurse leaders from seven Canadian provinces. RESULTS New graduate nurses and nurse leaders identified similar factors that facilitate the transition to practice including formal orientation programmes, unit cultures that encourage constructive feedback and supportive mentors. Impediments including unanticipated changes to orientation length, inadequate staffing, uncivil unit cultures and heavy workloads. CONCLUSIONS The results show that new graduate nurses need access to transition support and resources and that nurse leaders often face organisational constraints in being able to support new graduate nurses. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT Organisations should ensure that nurse leaders have the resources they need to support the positive transition of new graduate nurses including adequate staffing and realistic workloads for both experienced and new nurses. Nurse leaders should work to create unit cultures that foster learning by encouraging new graduate nurses to ask questions and seek feedback without fear of criticism or incivility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Regan
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Carol Wong
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Heather K Laschinger
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Greta Cummings
- Faculty of Nursing, The University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Michael Leiter
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, Vic., Australia
| | - Maura MacPhee
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ann Rhéaume
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences and Community Services, Universite de Moncton, Moncton, NB, Canada
| | - Judith A Ritchie
- McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Angela C Wolff
- Clinical Professional Development, Fraser Health, Professional Practice and Integration, Surrey, BC, Canada
| | - Lianne Jeffs
- Nursing Administration, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Doris Grinspun
- Registered Nurses' Association of Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mary Ellen Gurnham
- Nova Scotia Health Authority, Halifax, Eastern Shore and West Hants, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Barbara Foster
- Office of Nursing Policy, Health Policy Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Sherri Huckstep
- Planning, Integration, Evaluation and Community Engagement, North Simcoe Muskoka Local Health Integration Network, Orillia, ON, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Kevin Wood
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Emily Read
- Faculty of Nursing, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada
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Rollins AL, Kukla M, Morse G, Davis L, Leiter M, Monroe-DeVita M, Flanagan ME, Russ A, Wasmuth S, Eliacin J, Collins L, Salyers MP. Comparative Effectiveness of a Burnout Reduction Intervention for Behavioral Health Providers. Psychiatr Serv 2016; 67:920-3. [PMID: 27032659 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ps.201500220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Prior research found preliminary effectiveness for Burnout Reduction: Enhanced Awareness, Tools, Handouts, and Education (BREATHE), a daylong workshop for reducing burnout among behavioral health providers. Using a longer follow-up compared with prior research, this study compared the effectiveness of BREATHE and a control condition. METHODS Behavioral health providers (N=145) from three U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs facilities and two social service agencies were randomly assigned to BREATHE or person-centered treatment planning. Burnout and other outcomes were compared across groups over time. RESULTS Analyses yielded no significant differences between groups. However, BREATHE participants showed small but statistically significant improvements in cynicism (six weeks) and in emotional exhaustion and positive expectations for clients (six months). Participants in the control condition showed no significant changes over time. CONCLUSIONS Although it did not demonstrate comparative effectiveness versus a control condition, BREATHE could be strengthened and targeted toward both distressed providers and their organizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela L Rollins
- Dr. Rollins, Dr. Kukla, Dr. Flanagan, Dr. Russ, Dr. Wasmuth, Dr. Eliacin, and Ms. Collins are with the Center for Health Information and Communication, and Dr. Davis is with the Department of Research and Development, Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana. Dr. Rollins is also with the Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, where Dr. Salyers is affiliated. Dr. Morse is with Places for People-Community Alternatives for Hope, Health, and Recovery, St. Louis, Missouri. Dr. Leiter is with the Department of Psychology, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada. Dr. Monroe-DeVita is with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle. Send correspondence to Dr. Rollins (e-mail: )
| | - Marina Kukla
- Dr. Rollins, Dr. Kukla, Dr. Flanagan, Dr. Russ, Dr. Wasmuth, Dr. Eliacin, and Ms. Collins are with the Center for Health Information and Communication, and Dr. Davis is with the Department of Research and Development, Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana. Dr. Rollins is also with the Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, where Dr. Salyers is affiliated. Dr. Morse is with Places for People-Community Alternatives for Hope, Health, and Recovery, St. Louis, Missouri. Dr. Leiter is with the Department of Psychology, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada. Dr. Monroe-DeVita is with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle. Send correspondence to Dr. Rollins (e-mail: )
| | - Gary Morse
- Dr. Rollins, Dr. Kukla, Dr. Flanagan, Dr. Russ, Dr. Wasmuth, Dr. Eliacin, and Ms. Collins are with the Center for Health Information and Communication, and Dr. Davis is with the Department of Research and Development, Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana. Dr. Rollins is also with the Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, where Dr. Salyers is affiliated. Dr. Morse is with Places for People-Community Alternatives for Hope, Health, and Recovery, St. Louis, Missouri. Dr. Leiter is with the Department of Psychology, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada. Dr. Monroe-DeVita is with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle. Send correspondence to Dr. Rollins (e-mail: )
| | - Louanne Davis
- Dr. Rollins, Dr. Kukla, Dr. Flanagan, Dr. Russ, Dr. Wasmuth, Dr. Eliacin, and Ms. Collins are with the Center for Health Information and Communication, and Dr. Davis is with the Department of Research and Development, Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana. Dr. Rollins is also with the Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, where Dr. Salyers is affiliated. Dr. Morse is with Places for People-Community Alternatives for Hope, Health, and Recovery, St. Louis, Missouri. Dr. Leiter is with the Department of Psychology, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada. Dr. Monroe-DeVita is with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle. Send correspondence to Dr. Rollins (e-mail: )
| | - Michael Leiter
- Dr. Rollins, Dr. Kukla, Dr. Flanagan, Dr. Russ, Dr. Wasmuth, Dr. Eliacin, and Ms. Collins are with the Center for Health Information and Communication, and Dr. Davis is with the Department of Research and Development, Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana. Dr. Rollins is also with the Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, where Dr. Salyers is affiliated. Dr. Morse is with Places for People-Community Alternatives for Hope, Health, and Recovery, St. Louis, Missouri. Dr. Leiter is with the Department of Psychology, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada. Dr. Monroe-DeVita is with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle. Send correspondence to Dr. Rollins (e-mail: )
| | - Maria Monroe-DeVita
- Dr. Rollins, Dr. Kukla, Dr. Flanagan, Dr. Russ, Dr. Wasmuth, Dr. Eliacin, and Ms. Collins are with the Center for Health Information and Communication, and Dr. Davis is with the Department of Research and Development, Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana. Dr. Rollins is also with the Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, where Dr. Salyers is affiliated. Dr. Morse is with Places for People-Community Alternatives for Hope, Health, and Recovery, St. Louis, Missouri. Dr. Leiter is with the Department of Psychology, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada. Dr. Monroe-DeVita is with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle. Send correspondence to Dr. Rollins (e-mail: )
| | - Mindy E Flanagan
- Dr. Rollins, Dr. Kukla, Dr. Flanagan, Dr. Russ, Dr. Wasmuth, Dr. Eliacin, and Ms. Collins are with the Center for Health Information and Communication, and Dr. Davis is with the Department of Research and Development, Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana. Dr. Rollins is also with the Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, where Dr. Salyers is affiliated. Dr. Morse is with Places for People-Community Alternatives for Hope, Health, and Recovery, St. Louis, Missouri. Dr. Leiter is with the Department of Psychology, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada. Dr. Monroe-DeVita is with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle. Send correspondence to Dr. Rollins (e-mail: )
| | - Alissa Russ
- Dr. Rollins, Dr. Kukla, Dr. Flanagan, Dr. Russ, Dr. Wasmuth, Dr. Eliacin, and Ms. Collins are with the Center for Health Information and Communication, and Dr. Davis is with the Department of Research and Development, Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana. Dr. Rollins is also with the Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, where Dr. Salyers is affiliated. Dr. Morse is with Places for People-Community Alternatives for Hope, Health, and Recovery, St. Louis, Missouri. Dr. Leiter is with the Department of Psychology, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada. Dr. Monroe-DeVita is with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle. Send correspondence to Dr. Rollins (e-mail: )
| | - Sara Wasmuth
- Dr. Rollins, Dr. Kukla, Dr. Flanagan, Dr. Russ, Dr. Wasmuth, Dr. Eliacin, and Ms. Collins are with the Center for Health Information and Communication, and Dr. Davis is with the Department of Research and Development, Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana. Dr. Rollins is also with the Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, where Dr. Salyers is affiliated. Dr. Morse is with Places for People-Community Alternatives for Hope, Health, and Recovery, St. Louis, Missouri. Dr. Leiter is with the Department of Psychology, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada. Dr. Monroe-DeVita is with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle. Send correspondence to Dr. Rollins (e-mail: )
| | - Johanne Eliacin
- Dr. Rollins, Dr. Kukla, Dr. Flanagan, Dr. Russ, Dr. Wasmuth, Dr. Eliacin, and Ms. Collins are with the Center for Health Information and Communication, and Dr. Davis is with the Department of Research and Development, Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana. Dr. Rollins is also with the Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, where Dr. Salyers is affiliated. Dr. Morse is with Places for People-Community Alternatives for Hope, Health, and Recovery, St. Louis, Missouri. Dr. Leiter is with the Department of Psychology, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada. Dr. Monroe-DeVita is with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle. Send correspondence to Dr. Rollins (e-mail: )
| | - Linda Collins
- Dr. Rollins, Dr. Kukla, Dr. Flanagan, Dr. Russ, Dr. Wasmuth, Dr. Eliacin, and Ms. Collins are with the Center for Health Information and Communication, and Dr. Davis is with the Department of Research and Development, Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana. Dr. Rollins is also with the Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, where Dr. Salyers is affiliated. Dr. Morse is with Places for People-Community Alternatives for Hope, Health, and Recovery, St. Louis, Missouri. Dr. Leiter is with the Department of Psychology, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada. Dr. Monroe-DeVita is with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle. Send correspondence to Dr. Rollins (e-mail: )
| | - Michelle P Salyers
- Dr. Rollins, Dr. Kukla, Dr. Flanagan, Dr. Russ, Dr. Wasmuth, Dr. Eliacin, and Ms. Collins are with the Center for Health Information and Communication, and Dr. Davis is with the Department of Research and Development, Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana. Dr. Rollins is also with the Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, where Dr. Salyers is affiliated. Dr. Morse is with Places for People-Community Alternatives for Hope, Health, and Recovery, St. Louis, Missouri. Dr. Leiter is with the Department of Psychology, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada. Dr. Monroe-DeVita is with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle. Send correspondence to Dr. Rollins (e-mail: )
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Laschinger HKS, Cummings G, Leiter M, Wong C, MacPhee M, Ritchie J, Wolff A, Regan S, Rhéaume-Brüning A, Jeffs L, Young-Ritchie C, Grinspun D, Gurnham ME, Foster B, Huckstep S, Ruffolo M, Shamian J, Burkoski V, Wood K, Read E. Starting Out: A time-lagged study of new graduate nurses' transition to practice. Int J Nurs Stud 2016; 57:82-95. [PMID: 27045567 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2016.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the nursing profession ages, new graduate nurses are an invaluable health human resource. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to investigate factors influencing new graduate nurses' successful transition to their full professional role in Canadian hospital settings and to determine predictors of job and career satisfaction and turnover intentions over a one-year time period in their early employment. DESIGN A national two-wave survey of new graduate nurses across Canada. PARTICIPANTS A random sample of 3906 Registered Nurses with less than 3 years of experience currently working in direct patient care was obtained from the provincial registry databases across Canada. At Time 1, 1020 of 3743 eligible nurses returned completed questionnaires (usable response rate=27.3%). One year later, Time 1 respondents were mailed a follow-up survey; 406 returned a completed questionnaire (response rate=39.8%). METHODS Surveys containing standardized questionnaires were mailed to participants' home address. Descriptive statistics, correlations, and hierarchical linear regression analyses were conducted using SPSS software. RESULTS Overall, new graduate nurses were positive about their experiences and committed to nursing. However, over half of new nurses in the first year of practice reported high levels of emotional exhaustion and many witnessed or experienced incivility (24-42%) at work. Findings from hierarchical linear regression analyses revealed that situational and personal factors explained significant amounts of variance in new graduate nurses' job and career satisfaction and turnover intentions. Cynicism was a significant predictor of all four outcomes one year later, while Psycap predicted job and career satisfaction and career turnover intentions. CONCLUSIONS Results provide a look into the worklife experiences of Canadian new graduate nurses over a one-year time period and identify factors that influence their job-related outcomes. These findings show that working conditions for new graduate nurses are generally positive and stable over time, although workplace mistreatment is an issue to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather K Spence Laschinger
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, The University of Western Ontario, Health Sciences Addition, H41, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON, Canada N6A 5C1.
| | - Greta Cummings
- Faculty of Nursing, The University of Alberta, 5-110 Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, 11405-87 Avenue, Edmonton, Alta., Canada T6G 1C9
| | - Michael Leiter
- Acadia University, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science, Centre for Organizational Research and Development, 24 Highland Avenue, Wolfville, NS, Canada B4P 1Y7
| | - Carol Wong
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, Health Sciences Addition H27, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON, Canada N6A 5C1
| | - Maura MacPhee
- UBC School of Nursing, T201 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 2B5
| | - Judith Ritchie
- McGill University Health Centre Research Department, 1650 Cedar Ave, Suite D6-156, Montreal, QC, Canada H3G 1A4
| | - Angela Wolff
- Clinical Education, Fraser Health, Professional Practice and Integration, #100 - 13450 102nd Ave., Surrey, BC, Canada V3T 5X3
| | - Sandra Regan
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, The University of Western Ontario, Health Sciences Addition H25, London, ON, Canada N6A 5C1
| | - Ann Rhéaume-Brüning
- Universite de Moncton, School of Nursing Science, Faculty of Health Sciences and Community Services, Pavillon Jacqueline-Bouchard, 51, avenue Antonine-Maillet, Moncton, NB, Canada E1A 3E9
| | - Lianne Jeffs
- Nursing/Clinical Research, Nursing Administration, St. Michael's Hospital, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, ON, Canada M5B 1W8
| | - Carol Young-Ritchie
- London Health Sciences Centre, 800 Commissioners Road East, London, ON, Canada N6A 5W9
| | - Doris Grinspun
- Registered Nurses' Association of Ontario, 158 Pearl St, Toronto, ON, Canada M5H 1L3
| | - Mary Ellen Gurnham
- Nova Scotia Health Authority, Halifax, Eastern Shore and West Hants, Room 125, 7B Centennial Building, 1276 South Park Street, Halifax, NS, Canada B3H 2Y9
| | - Barbara Foster
- Office of Nursing Policy, Health Policy Branch, Health Canada, Rm B529, 200 Promenade Eglantine Driveway, PL 1905B, Tunney's Pasture, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0K9
| | - Sherri Huckstep
- Victorian Order of Nurses, 2150 Islington Ave, #301, Toronto, ON, Canada M9P 3V4
| | - Maurio Ruffolo
- Providence Care, 340 Union Street, Kingston, ON, Canada K7L 5A2
| | - Judith Shamian
- International Council of Nurses, 3, Place Jean Marteau, 1201 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Vanessa Burkoski
- London Health Sciences Centre, 800 Commissioners Road East, PO Box 5010, London, ON, Canada N6A 5W9
| | - Kevin Wood
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, The University of Western Ontario, Health Sciences Addition H38, London, ON, Canada N6A 5C1
| | - Emily Read
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, The University of Western Ontario, Health Sciences Addition H38, London, ON, Canada N6A 5C1
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Wong CA, Spence Laschinger HK, Macdonald-Rencz S, Burkoski V, Cummings G, D'amour D, Grinspun D, Gurnham ME, Huckstep S, Leiter M, Perkin K, Macphee M, Matthews S, O'brien-Pallas L, Ritchie J, Ruffolo M, Vincent L, Wilk P, Almost J, Purdy N, Daniels F, Grau A. Part 2: Nurses' career aspirations to management roles: qualitative findings from a national study of Canadian nurses. J Nurs Manag 2012; 21:231-41. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2834.2012.01451.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carol A. Wong
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing; The University of Western Ontario; London; Ontario
| | - Heather K. Spence Laschinger
- Health Human Resources Optimization; Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing; The University of Western Ontario; London; Ontario
| | | | | | - Greta Cummings
- Faculty of Nursing; University of Alberta; Population Health Investigator; Alberta Heritage Foundation for Medical Research; Edmonton; Alberta
| | | | - Doris Grinspun
- Registered Nurses' Association of Ontario; Toronto; Ontario
| | | | | | - Michael Leiter
- Centre for Organizational Research and Development; Wolfville; Nova Scotia
| | | | - Maura Macphee
- School of Nursing; University of British Columbia; Vancouver; British Columbia
| | | | | | - Judith Ritchie
- Nursing Research; Department of Nursing; McGill University Health Care; Montreal; Quebec
| | | | | | - Piotr Wilk
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics; The University of Western Ontario; London; Ontario
| | - Joan Almost
- School of Nursing; Queen's University; Kingston; Ontario
| | - Nancy Purdy
- Daphne Cockwell School of Nursing; Ryerson University; Toronto; Ontario
| | - Frieda Daniels
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing; The University of Western Ontario; London; Ontario; Canada
| | - Ashley Grau
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing; The University of Western Ontario; London; Ontario; Canada
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Spence Laschinger HK, Wong CA, Macdonald-Rencz S, Burkoski V, Cummings G, D'amour D, Grinspun D, Gurnham ME, Huckstep S, Leiter M, Perkin K, Macphee M, Matthews S, O'brien-Pallas L, Ritchie J, Ruffolo M, Vincent L, Wilk P, Almost J, Purdy N, Daniels F, Grau A. Part 1: The influence of personal and situational predictors on nurses' aspirations to management roles: preliminary findings of a national survey of Canadian nurses. J Nurs Manag 2012; 21:217-30. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2834.2012.01452.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heather K. Spence Laschinger
- Health Human Resources Optimization; Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing; The University of Western Ontario; London, Ontario
| | - Carol A. Wong
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing; The University of Western Ontario; London, Ontario
| | | | - Vanessa Burkoski
- Professional Practice; Chief Nursing Executive; London Health Sciences Centre; London, Ontario
| | - Greta Cummings
- Faculty of Nursing; University of Alberta; Population Health Investigator; Alberta Heritage Foundation for Medical Research; Edmonton, Alberta
| | | | - Doris Grinspun
- Registered Nurses' Association of Ontario; Toronto, Ontario
| | - Mary-Ellen Gurnham
- Professional Practice; Capital Health District Health Authority; Halifax, Nova Scotia
| | - Sherri Huckstep
- Operations and Chief of Practice; Victorian Order of Nurse; Ottawa, Ontario
| | - Michael Leiter
- Centre for Organizational Research and Development; Wolfville, Nova Scotia
| | - Karen Perkin
- Professional Practice and Chief Nurse Executive; St. Joseph's Health Care; London, Ontario
| | - Maura Macphee
- School of Nursing; University of British Columbia; Vancouver, British Columbia
| | | | | | - Judith Ritchie
- Nursing Research; Department of Nursing; McGill University Health Care; Montreal, Quebec
| | - Maurio Ruffolo
- Patient and Client Care and Chief; Nursing Executive; Providence Care; Kingston, Ontario
| | - Leslie Vincent
- Patient Services and Chief Nursing Executive; Mount Sinai Hospital; Toronto, Ontario
| | - Piotr Wilk
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics; The University of Western Ontario; London, Ontario
| | - Joan Almost
- School of Nursing; Queen's University; Kingston, Ontario
| | - Nancy Purdy
- Daphne Cockwell School of Nursing; Ryerson University; Toronto, Ontario
| | - Frieda Daniels
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing; The University of Western Ontario; London, Ontario
| | - Ashley Grau
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing; University of Western Ontario; London; Canada
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Spence Laschinger HK, Leiter M, Day A, Gilin D. Workplace empowerment, incivility, and burnout: impact on staff nurse recruitment and retention outcomes. J Nurs Manag 2011; 17:302-11. [PMID: 19426367 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2834.2009.00999.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 262] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to examine the influence of empowering work conditions and workplace incivility on nurses' experiences of burnout and important nurse retention factors identified in the literature. BACKGROUND A major cause of turnover among nurses is related to unsatisfying workplaces. Recently, there have been numerous anecdotal reports of uncivil behaviour in health care settings. METHOD We examined the impact of workplace empowerment, supervisor and coworker incivility, and burnout on three employee retention outcomes: job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and turnover intentions in a sample of 612 Canadian staff nurses. RESULTS Hierarchical multiple linear regression analyses revealed that empowerment, workplace incivility, and burnout explained significant variance in all three retention factors: job satisfaction (R(2) = 0.46), organizational commitment (R(2) = 0.29) and turnover intentions (R(2) = 0.28). Empowerment, supervisor incivility, and cynicism most strongly predicted job dissatisfaction and low commitment (P < 0.001), whereas emotional exhaustion, cynicism, and supervisor incivility most strongly predicted turnover intentions. CONCLUSIONS In our study, nurses' perceptions of empowerment, supervisor incivility, and cynicism were strongly related to job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and turnover intentions. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT Managerial strategies that empower nurses for professional practice may be helpful in preventing workplace incivility, and ultimately, burnout.
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Gilbert S, Laschinger HKS, Leiter M. The mediating effect of burnout on the relationship between structural empowerment and organizational citizenship behaviours. J Nurs Manag 2011; 18:339-48. [PMID: 20546475 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2834.2010.01074.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM We used Kanter's (1977) structural empowerment theory to examine the influence of structural empowerment and emotional exhaustion on healthcare professionals' use of organizational citizenship behaviours directed at the organization (OCBO) and peers (OCBI). BACKGROUND Organizational citizenship behaviours (OCB) are discretionary behaviours that are not rewarded directly by the organization but have been linked to positive outcomes, such as increased job satisfaction and lower turnover intentions. Promoting OCB can help employees and organizations flourish despite current challenges in the healthcare system. Structural empowerment may influence the frequency and type of OCB by reducing burnout. METHOD We conducted multiple mediated regression analyses to test two hypothesized models about relationships between empowerment, emotional exhaustion and two types of OCB (OCBI and OCBO) in a sample of 897 healthcare professionals in five Canadian hospitals. RESULTS Emotional exhaustion was found to be a significant mediator of the relationship between empowerment and OCBO. The predicted mediation of the empowerment/OCBI relationship by emotional exhaustion was not supported. CONCLUSIONS Exhaustion was an important mediator of empowering working conditions and OCBO, but was not significantly related to OCBI. Empowerment was significantly related to both OCBO and OCBI. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT Promoting empowerment among healthcare workers may decrease burnout and promote OCB. Specific managerial strategies are discussed in the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Gilbert
- Faculty of Science, Saint Marys University, Halifax, NS B3H 3C3, Canada.
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Abstract
Knowledge of HIV and AIDS is widely seen as an important determinant of anxiety about such infection in health care workers. However, existing measures of this knowledge suffer from a number of methodological problems and few demonstrate adequate reliability and validity. This paper documents the development of a new measure detailing its reliability and validity. Knowledge, and also confidence in knowledge, were assessed across seven domains of relevant information (e.g. epidemiology, personal risk, symptomatology) in one non-expert group (non-medical undergraduate psychologist) and in three groups with greater expertise (nursing students and third year and final year medical students). The measure was shown to be reliable and to discriminate between the four groups in a manner consistent with the level of education received by each group and in terms of both the scale scores for the seven domains and the individual items. In general, final year medical students were shown to be more knowledgeable, and more confident in their knowledge, than the other groups. The non-medical undergraduates showed the lowest level of knowledge. In general, the groups appeared under-confident in their knowledge about HIV/AIDS. This was interpreted in terms of members of these groups exhibiting caution and the perceived fluctuating nature of the HIV knowledge base. Implications for the training of health care workers in relation to HIV/AIDS are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Ferguson
- Department of Psychology, University of Nottingham, UK
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Cox T, Leiter M. Burnout: a challenge to healthcare in the 90s. Health Serv Manage 1994; 90:24-5. [PMID: 10135763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T Cox
- Department of Psychology, University of Nottingham
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Cox T, Leiter M. Stress, the press, the baby and the bathwater. Work & Stress 1992. [DOI: 10.1080/02678379208257034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Pfeffer JT, Leiter M, Worlund JR. Population dynamics in anaerobic digestion. J Water Pollut Control Fed 1967; 39:1305-22. [PMID: 6074486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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