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Feluse A, Mevorach T, Horesh N, Asherov J, Briskman I, Apter A. Comparative Epidemiology of Attempted and Fatal Suicide in a Defined Catchment Area in Israel. Arch Suicide Res 2023; 27:1180-1190. [PMID: 36005156 DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2022.2110547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both attempted and fatal suicides are important public health issues and the relationship between these behaviors has great relevance to clinical practice. AIMS To determine how the epidemiology of attempted and fatal suicide relate to each other over time. METHOD In an 18-year period consecutive admissions for suicide attempts (n = 4,645) to the emergency room of the central hospital of a well-defined catchment area were assessed using a structured interview. Data were compared with records of 425 fatal suicides from the same catchment area. RESULTS The relative rates of attempted and fatal suicide changed over time independent of both age and gender up to age 64. Rates of suicide and attempted suicide did not correlate over time in this age group. This was not true for the over 65 age group where attempted suicide and fatal suicide were significantly correlated over time in both men and women. CONCLUSIONS In subjects over 65 attempted suicide is highly associated with eventual suicide. This relationship is much less clear in younger age groups. Thus age of attempt is of great importance when considering the prognostic import of a suicide attempt.
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Maurya C, Muhammad T, Thakkar S. Examining the relationship between risky sexual behavior and suicidal thoughts among unmarried adolescents in India. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7733. [PMID: 37173519 PMCID: PMC10182050 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34975-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Addressing the problem of suicidal thoughts in adolescents requires understanding the associated risk factors. Multiple studies have shown that risky sexual behavior affected the adolescents' psychological health that leads to their suicidal thoughts, behaviors and attempts. This study aimed to identify the association between various risky sexual behaviours and suicidal thoughts among unmarried adolescents in India. We used data collected from 4221 unmarried adolescent boys and 5987 unmarried adolescent girls aged 10-19 years, from the two rounds of the Understanding the Lives of Adolescents and Young Adults (UDAYA) survey. Descriptive analysis was done to observe changes in the selected variables from wave-1 to wave-2. Random effect regression analysis was used to estimate the association of suicidal thoughts among unmarried adolescents with their risky sexual behaviours. The percentage of adolescent boys having suicidal thoughts increased from 1.35% in wave 1 to 2.19% in wave 2. Among adolescent girls, the percentage increased from 2.92% in wave 1 to 5.05% in wave 2. A proportion of 3.26% adolescent boys had more than one sexual partner during wave 1 whereas in wave 2, it rose to 8.71%, while in case of adolescent girls, the estimates only increased from 0.26% at wave 1 to 0.78% at wave 2. Nearly 4.55% boys and 1.37% girls had early sexual debut. Almost five percentage boys were sexually active at wave 1 whereas in wave 2, it rose to 13.56%, while among adolescent girls, the estimates decreased from 1.54% at wave 1 to 1.51% at wave 2. Contraceptive use increased over time among both adolescent boy and girls. Also, a large proportion of adolescent boys reported watching pornography (27.08% at waive 1 and 49.39% at wave 2) compared to adolescent girls (4.46% at wave 1 and 13.10% at wave 2). Adolescents who had more than one sexual partner [Coef: 0.04; p < 0.001], exposed to early sexual debut [Coef; 0.019; p < 0.01], sexually active [Coef: 0.058; p < 0.001] and reported watching pornography [Coef: 0.017; p < 0.001] were more likely to have suicidal thoughts. Adolescent boys and girls with risky sexual behaviors are likely to be at a higher risk of suicidal ideation, and thus, they should be treated with special care and attention by local healthcare practitioners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanda Maurya
- Department of Survey Research and Data Analytics, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
| | - T Muhammad
- Department of Family and Generations, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India.
| | - Shriya Thakkar
- Department of Sociology, Louisiana State University, 26, Stubbs Hall, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
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Lee H, Rhee SJ, Kim MJ, Park CHK, Yang JH, Son K, Park JI, Ahn YM. Shifting attitudes toward suicide over time: A latent profile analysis using the Korea National Suicide Survey. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1124318. [PMID: 36937738 PMCID: PMC10014803 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1124318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction South Korea has a high suicide rate, and changes in sociodemographic factors can further increase the rate. This study aims to (1) classify participants using the Attitudes toward Suicide Scale (ATTS) through latent profile analysis (LPA), (2) identify and compare the associations between sociodemographic factors with the ATTS in two survey years (2013, 2018), and (3) determine the moderating effect of survey year. Methods Six sub-factors of the ATTS were used for LPA with a total of 2,973 participants. Sociodemographic characteristics were compared between groups, and multinomial logistic regression was conducted for each survey year. A moderation analysis was conducted with the survey year as moderator. Results LPA identified three groups of attitudes toward suicide: incomprehensible (10.3%), mixed (52.8%), and permissive (36.9%). The proportion of permissive attitudes increased from 2013 (32.3%) to 2018 (41.7%). Participants reporting suicidal behavior were more likely to be in the mixed and permissive groups than the incomprehensible group in both years. People reporting no religious beliefs were associated with the permissive group in the two survey years. The influence of education and income levels on groups differed by survey year. Discussion There were significant changes between 2013 and 2018 in attitudes toward suicide in the Korean population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunju Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Jin Rhee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ji Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Jeong Hun Yang
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunghoon Son
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Ik Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Min Ahn
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- *Correspondence: Yong Min Ahn
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Kim H, Choi SH, Lee SE, Lee CW, Maeng S, Kim WH, Bae JN, Lee JS. Variables Affecting Attitudes Toward Suicide Among the Adolescent Population. J Nerv Ment Dis 2021; 209:59-64. [PMID: 33141783 DOI: 10.1097/nmd.0000000000001258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Past research has supported the positive association between prosuicide attitudes and suicidal behavior. The aim of the present study was to determine the factor structure of adolescents' attitudes toward suicide and to explore correlates associated with their attitudes. A questionnaire was distributed to 1292 adolescents at eight middle schools to assess their demographic information, clinical variables, and attitudes toward suicide. After factor analysis, we reached a four-factor solution of the attitudes toward suicide. Significantly more females, nonreligious adolescents, those with a lower socioeconomic status, those with higher levels of depressive symptoms, and those with a history of suicidal ideation/plans had more understanding attitudes toward suicide. Depressive adolescents were also more permissive and believed that suicides were unpreventable and that loneliness led to suicide. In conclusion, adolescents' attitudes toward suicide were significantly associated with not only various sociodemographic correlates but also the severity of depressive symptoms and their own experiences of suicidality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Seo-Hyun Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, Inha University Hospital, Incheon
| | | | | | - Seri Maeng
- Department of Psychiatry, Inha University Hospital, Incheon
| | - Won-Hyoung Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Inha University Hospital, Incheon
| | - Jae Nam Bae
- Department of Psychiatry, Inha University Hospital, Incheon
| | - Jeong Seop Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Inha University Hospital, Incheon
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Li F, Yip PSF. How to make adjustments of underreporting of suicide by place, gender, and age in China? Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2020; 55:1133-1143. [PMID: 32221643 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-020-01856-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Underreporting of suicide is a worldwide problem. In particular, the national suicide rates published by the Chinese Ministry of Health ("MOH") could be severely underreported. Validity of the assumption of evenly underreported of suicide by place (city/rural), gender, and age in China has been evaluated and some possible adjustments to the underreporting have been suggested. METHODS Mortality rates from the MOH from 2002 to 2016 were extracted. Due to zero undetermined deaths, accidental deaths (weighted by causes of death) were used to evaluate underreported suicides. 53% of drownings, 11% of falls, 11% of poisonings, and 7% of other accidents were assumed as underreported suicides. Negative binomial regressions were used to calculate the rate ratios of the underreported suicides compared to suicides. Negative binomial regressions were also used to calculate the annual percentage changes of different mortality rates. RESULTS Suicides of rural males could most likely be underreported (49%; 95% CI 39-61%), but suicides of rural females would least likely (30%; 95% CI 24-38%). Suicides of people aged 15-24 years and 75 years and above could more likely to be underreported than other ages. After adding the underreported suicides, declining trends of the national suicide rates had been eased. CONCLUSIONS People who lack social connection could have a high possibility of underreporting suicide. However, when rural females died of unnatural causes, their parents or even the whole village tended to quest for their intents, thus rural females had a lower possibility of underreporting suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Li
- Social Work and Social Administration Department, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Paul S F Yip
- Social Work and Social Administration Department, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China. .,Hong Kong Jockey Club Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Jockey Club Building for Interdisciplinary Research, 5 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Chesin M, Cascardi M, Rosselli M, Tsang W, Jeglic EL. Knowledge of Suicide Risk Factors, But Not Suicide Ideation Severity, Is Greater Among College Students Who Viewed 13 Reasons Why. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2020; 68:644-649. [PMID: 30939105 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2019.1586713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To test associations between viewing 13 Reasons Why, Season 1 and past week suicide ideation severity, behavior risk, stigma, and knowledge in college students. To explore whether personal exposure to suicide and depressive symptom severity moderated these associations. Participants: Eight-hundred and eighteen college students, 64% (n = 522) of whom watched 13 Reasons Why. Methods: Students completed surveys online. Multivariate negative binomial regressions were used to test associations between watching 13 Reasons Why and suicide-related variables, and interaction terms. Results: Suicide ideation severity and suicide behavior risk were not significantly associated with viewing 13 Reasons Why; however, there was limited statistical power to detect associations. The association between watching 13 Reasons Why and greater suicide knowledge was stronger among those who did not have personal exposure to suicide. Conclusions: 13 Reasons Why may be a platform for psychoeducation on suicide, particularly among those who do not have personal exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Chesin
- Department of Psychology, William Paterson University, Wayne, NJ, USA
| | - Michele Cascardi
- Department of Psychology, William Paterson University, Wayne, NJ, USA
| | - Michelle Rosselli
- Department of Psychology, William Paterson University, Wayne, NJ, USA
| | - William Tsang
- Department of Psychology, William Paterson University, Wayne, NJ, USA
| | - Elizabeth L Jeglic
- Department of Psychology, City University of New York-John Jay College, New York, USA
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López-Narváez ML, Escobar-Chan YM, Sánchez de la Cruz JP, Tovilla-Zárate CA, Juárez-Rojop IE, Fresan A, González-Castro TB, Montanee-Sandoval AC, Suarez-Méndez S. Differences in attitude toward prevention of suicide between nursing and medicine students: A study in Mexican population. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2020; 34:159-163. [PMID: 32513466 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2020.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the attitude toward suicide prevention in medicine and nursing students attending University in south Mexico, considering their family and personal history of suicide. Demographic features and self-reported personal and family history of suicide were evaluated in 355 Mexican students at the Health Sciences School. Their views toward suicide prevention was assessed using the Attitude Toward Suicide Prevention scale. Comparisons between medicine and nursing students were performed, as well as between had or had-not previous personal or family history of suicide. Our results support that nursing students showed the most negative attitude toward suicide prevention. Therefore, training programs and strategies encouraging a better attitude in suicide prevention are necessary to be implemented. It is also necessary to consider cultural, ethnic and family backgrounds of the students/of the population when developing new strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Lilia López-Narváez
- Hospital General de Yajalón "Dr. Manuel Velazco Siles", Secretaría de Salud, Yajalón, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Yudy Merady Escobar-Chan
- Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Comalcalco, Comalcalco, Tabasco, Mexico
| | - Juan Pablo Sánchez de la Cruz
- Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Comalcalco, Comalcalco, Tabasco, Mexico
| | - Carlos Alfonso Tovilla-Zárate
- Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Comalcalco, Comalcalco, Tabasco, Mexico.
| | - Isela Esther Juárez-Rojop
- Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, División Académica de Ciencias de la Salud, Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico
| | - Ana Fresan
- Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñíz, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Thelma Beatriz González-Castro
- Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Jalpa de Méndez, Jalpa de Méndez, Tabasco, Mexico.
| | | | - Samuel Suarez-Méndez
- Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, División Académica de Ciencias de la Salud, Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico
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Stecz P, Slezáčková A, Millová K, Nowakowska-Domagała K. The Predictive Role of Positive Mental Health for Attitudes Towards Suicide and Suicide Prevention: Is the Well-Being of Students of the Helping Professions a Worthwhile Goal for Suicide Prevention? JOURNAL OF HAPPINESS STUDIES 2020; 21:1965-1984. [PMID: 32834767 PMCID: PMC7380145 DOI: 10.1007/s10902-019-00163-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluates the potential value of eudaimonic well-being in assessing pro-preventive orientation towards suicide and recognizing suicide as a solution. The aim was to integrate positive and negative conceptualizations of mental health for predicting attitudes towards suicide, and towards suicide prevention, among students of the helping professions. The study participants (166 women and 73 men, mean age 22.84 ± 5.15) answered a set of questionnaires, including a Questionnaire on Attitudes Towards Suicide, Goldberg Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28), Psychological Well-Being Scale (PWB-42) and Centrality of Religiosity Scale. Multiple regression analysis showed that environmental mastery, purpose in life and positive relationships, controlled for religiousness and psychological problems related to general mental health, predicted the variability of attitudes towards suicide and pro-preventive orientation. Sociodemographic variables were not related to attitudes towards suicide. Our findings suggest that positive mental health, represented jointly by low mental health problems and eudaimonic components of happiness, plays a role in predicting pro-preventive attitudes. Therefore, improving positive mental health among students in the helping professions, these being the future gatekeepers, could be considered an auxiliary strategy for suicide prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patryk Stecz
- Department of Preventive and Addiction Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Lodz, Smugowa 10/12, 91-433 Lodz, Poland
| | - Alena Slezáčková
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Masaryk University, Arna Novaka 1, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Katarína Millová
- Institute of Psychology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Veveří 97, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Katarzyna Nowakowska-Domagała
- Department of Preventive and Addiction Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Lodz, Smugowa 10/12, 91-433 Lodz, Poland
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Sreedaran P, Jayasudha N, Selvam S, Ruben JP, Ashok MV. Do individuals follow up with mental health services after a suicide attempt? Findings from the assertive management of attempted suicide service, Bengaluru, India. Indian J Psychiatry 2020; 62:30-35. [PMID: 32001928 PMCID: PMC6964454 DOI: 10.4103/psychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_485_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is limited information from India on whether individuals follow up with mental health services after a suicide attempt. The objective of this study was to determine follow-up rates after a suicide attempt with mental health services of those individuals treated as part of the assertive management of attempted suicide service in a general hospital in Bengaluru, India. MATERIALS AND METHODS Records from 284 persons from January 2016 to December 2016 were analyzed to ascertain their follow-up rates with mental health services after a suicide attempt. RESULTS After discharge, 25% individuals followed up on a single occasion with mental health services. Individuals with a psychiatric diagnosis were significantly more likely to follow up with mental health services as compared to those without a psychiatric diagnosis (P < 0.011, odds ratio: 2.875, confidence interval at 95%: 1.276-6.481). 90.8% were contacted through telephone as part of aftercare. CONCLUSIONS Most individuals in India, especially those without a psychiatric diagnosis, do not follow up with mental health services after a suicide attempt. Periodic telephonic contacts are a useful aftercare strategy to reach out to this high-risk population. Limitation of this study is that findings are from an urban general hospital setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Sreedaran
- Department of Psychiatry, St John's Medical College Hospital, Koramangala, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - N Jayasudha
- Department of Psychiatry, St John's Medical College Hospital, Koramangala, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sumithra Selvam
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Population Health, St. John's Research Institute, Koramangala, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Johnson Pradeep Ruben
- Department of Psychiatry, St John's Medical College Hospital, Koramangala, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - M V Ashok
- Department of Psychiatry, St John's Medical College Hospital, Koramangala, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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10
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Fulginiti A, Pahwa R, Frey LM. Sharing suicidal thoughts in social networks: a multi-level perspective of disclosure among people with serious mental illness in India. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00207411.2019.1664259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Fulginiti
- Graduate School of Social Work, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Rohini Pahwa
- Silver School of Social Work, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laura M. Frey
- Kent School of Social Work, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
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11
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Armstrong G, Vijayakumar L, Niederkrotenthaler T, Jayaseelan M, Kannan R, Pirkis J, Jorm AF. Assessing the quality of media reporting of suicide news in India against World Health Organization guidelines: A content analysis study of nine major newspapers in Tamil Nadu. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2018; 52:856-863. [PMID: 29726275 DOI: 10.1177/0004867418772343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Suicide rates in India are among the highest in the world, resulting in an estimated 250,000 suicide deaths annually. How the media communicates with the Indian public on the topic of suicide has thus far gone without sufficient scrutiny. The objective of our study was to assess the quality of newspaper reporting of suicide-related news in India against World Health Organization suicide reporting guidelines. METHODS We used content analysis to assess the quality of suicide reporting against World Health Organization guidelines in nine of the most highly read daily newspapers in the southern state of Tamil Nadu between June and December 2016. Five of the nine newspapers under review were in the top 20 most circulated daily newspapers in the country. RESULTS A total of 1681 suicide articles were retrieved. The mean number of suicide articles per day per newspaper was 0.9%, and 54.5% of articles were 10 sentences or less. The vast majority (95.9%) of articles primarily focused on reporting specific suicide incidents. Harmful reporting practices were very common (e.g. a detailed suicide method was reported in 43.3% of articles), while helpful reporting practices were rare (e.g. just 2.5% gave contact details for a suicide support service). CONCLUSIONS We observed that a daily diet of short and explicit suicide-related news was served up to readers of newspapers. Attempts should be made to understand the perspectives of media professionals in relation to suicide reporting, and to devise strategies to boost the positive contribution that media can make to suicide prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Armstrong
- 1 Nossal Institute for Global Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Lakshmi Vijayakumar
- 2 Department of Psychiatry, The Voluntary Health Services, Chennai, India.,3 SNEHA Suicide Prevention Centre, Chennai, India
| | | | - Mala Jayaseelan
- 2 Department of Psychiatry, The Voluntary Health Services, Chennai, India
| | | | - Jane Pirkis
- 6 Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Anthony F Jorm
- 6 Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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12
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Kerr S, Martin C, Fleming M. Preventing suicide; nurse education and the occluded issue of gender. Nurse Educ Pract 2018; 32:58-63. [PMID: 30031273 DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Suicide prevention training recommended as part of national suicidal strategies across the UK has contributed to a reduction in suicide. Previous studies have found suicide prevention training changes attitude and increases confidence in ability to utilise suicide prevention strategies. There is limited evidence relating to the different responses to suicide prevention training by females and males. As the majority of nurses are female it is important to know if they report the same increases in confidence after suicide prevention training. An exploratory study utilising a survey design and repeated measures was used to investigate the effect of SafeTALK training on the level of general perceived self-efficacy (GPSE) in student nurses and to observe for any gender-related differences. A sample (N = 128) of first year student nurses were asked to complete a GPSE assessment pre and post SafeTALK training. Males reported higher scores on both total pre and post-training scores of GPSE and on mean scores per question compared to females. An effect of time (F (1, 118) = 20.07, p = .001) but no effect of gender (F (1, 118) = 3.53, p = .06) was found. A post-hoc sample size calculation revealed that a replication of the current investigation with a sample size of N = 15 (males), N = 155 (females), would be likely to find a statistically significant difference between genders in GPSE scores. It may be prudent to consider joint facilitation, with both male and female facilitators of SafeTALK training sessions. Specific pedagogical strategies can also be used to promote an increase in self-efficacy in those people undertaking SafeTALK training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stewart Kerr
- School of Health, Nursing and Midwifery, University of the West of Scotland, University Avenue, Ayr, KA80SX, United Kingdom.
| | - Colin Martin
- Faculty of Society and Health, Buckinghamshire New University, Uxbridge Campus, Uxbridge Middlesex, UB8 1NA, United Kingdom.
| | - Mick Fleming
- Learning and Development Team, Cabinet Office, Keyll Darree, Nobles Hospital, Strang, IM4 4RH, Isle of Man.
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13
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Aguilar-Velázquez DG, González-Castro TB, Tovilla-Zárate CA, Juárez-Rojop IE, López-Narváez ML, Frésan A, Hernández-Díaz Y, Guzmán-Priego CG. Gender differences of suicides in children and adolescents: Analysis of 167 suicides in a Mexican population from 2003 to 2013. Psychiatry Res 2017; 258:83-87. [PMID: 28992550 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.09.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Suicide is the second cause of death in youth population. The aim of the present study was to analyze demographic characteristics and suicide methods used, as well as to identify gender differences among Mexican children and adolescents (aged 10-17 years) that committed suicide. Between January 2003 and December 2013, 167 suicides of children and adolescents between 10 and 17 years of age were documented by the Secretary of Health of the state of Tabasco, Mexico. All sociodemographic characteristics were compared according to gender. Our sample included 67.7% males and 32.3% females (male to female 2.1:1). The predominant marital status was single (89.6%) and hanging (93.7%) was the principal method of suicide used. Both female and male adolescents were predominantly students (50%); however, female adolescents were more frequently married (17%) and were housewives (26.4%). Our results identified that hanging is the principal suicide method used by children and adolescents in Mexican population; we also detected main gender differences in terms of poisoning/drug toxicity as the method used, occupation and marital status. These results should be taken into consideration when designing suicide prevention programs due to the differences found by gender.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thelma Beatriz González-Castro
- Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Jalpa de Méndez, Jalpa de Méndez, Tabasco, Mexico
| | - Carlos Alfonso Tovilla-Zárate
- Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Comalcalco, Comalcalco, Tabasco, Mexico.
| | - Isela E Juárez-Rojop
- Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, División Académica de Ciencias de la Salud, Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico
| | | | - Ana Frésan
- Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Yazmin Hernández-Díaz
- Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Jalpa de Méndez, Jalpa de Méndez, Tabasco, Mexico
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