1
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Zhang K, Gao L, Wang HX, Ye L, Shi YY, Yang WY, Li YN, Li Y. Interleukin-18 Inhibition Protects Against Intervertebral Disc Degeneration via the Inactivation of Caspase-3/9 Dependent Apoptotic Pathways. Immunol Invest 2022; 51:1895-1907. [PMID: 35921125 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2022.2077113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study was designed to identify and understand the potential effectiveness of therapeutic target in intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) and its regulation mechanism. METHODS The role and mechanism of interleukin-18 (IL-18) in the disease were investigated. The IVDD degenerative nucleus pulposus (NP) tissues from the human and mouse models were used.A total of three groups of Male BALB/c mice were randomly made i.e control, IVDD, and IVDD+Ad-shIL-18 groups. After Ad-shIL-18 transfection, the expression of ECM synthesis related protein Aggrecan (ACAN) and Collagen II, apoptotic effector Caspases (Caspase-3, 8, 9, 12 and Cleaved-Caspase 3, 8, 9, 12), pro-apoptotic gene Bax and anti-apoptotic factors Bcl-2 in NP cells of the human were evaluated. RESULTS The results of our study revealed that the mRNA and protein expression levels of IL-18 were notably increased in the NP tissues of IVDD patients and mice models. In the IVDD mice model, Ad-sh-IL-18 treatment reversed the IVDD progression. The levels of Aggrecan and Collagen II, contributing to ECM degradation in NP cells, were also significantly increased. Additionally, Ad-sh-IL-18 could inhibit the NP cell's apoptosis via regulating the caspase-3/9 pathway. CONCLUSION The IL-18 knockdown via the caspase-3/9 pathway, might reduce the NP cell's death as well as the imbalance between catabolism and anabolism of ECM in IVDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, HanDan Central Hospital, Handan, Hebei, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Department of Bone Oncology, Second Hospital of Zhangjiakou, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China
| | - Hai-Xu Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Lei Ye
- Department of Infection Control, HanDan Central Hospital, Handan, Hebei, China
| | - Yan-Yan Shi
- Department of Spine Surgery, HanDan Central Hospital, Handan, Hebei, China
| | - Wu-Yan Yang
- Department of Spine Surgery, HanDan Central Hospital, Handan, Hebei, China
| | - Ya-Nan Li
- Department of Neurology, HanDan Central Hospital, Handan, Hebei, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, HanDan Central Hospital, Handan, Hebei, China
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2
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Speer J, Barcellona M, Jing L, Liu B, Lu M, Kelly M, Buchowski J, Zebala L, Luhmann S, Gupta M, Setton L. Integrin-mediated interactions with a laminin-presenting substrate modulate biosynthesis and phenotypic expression for cells of the human nucleus pulposus. Eur Cell Mater 2021; 41:793-810. [PMID: 34160056 PMCID: PMC8378851 DOI: 10.22203/ecm.v041a50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
With aging and pathology, cells of the nucleus pulposus (NP) de-differentiate towards a fibroblast-like phenotype, a change that contributes to degeneration of the intervertebral disc (IVD). Laminin isoforms are a component of the NP extracellular matrix during development but largely disappear in the adult NP tissue. Exposing human adult NP cells to hydrogels made from PEGylated-laminin-111 (PEGLM) has been shown to regulate NP cell behaviors and promote cells to assume a biosynthetically active state with gene/protein expression and morphology consistent with those observed in juvenile NP cells. However, the mechanism regulating this effect has remained unknown. In the present study, the integrin subunits that promote adult degenerative NP cell interactions with laminin-111 are identified by performing integrin blocking studies along with assays of intracellular signaling and cell phenotype. The findings indicate that integrin α3 is a primary regulator of cell attachment to laminin and is associated with phosphorylation of signaling molecules downstream of integrin engagement (ERK 1/2 and GSK3β). Sustained effects of blocking integrin α3 were also demonstrated including decreased expression of phenotypic markers, reduced biosynthesis, and altered cytoskeletal organization. Furthermore, blocking both integrin α3 and additional integrin subunits elicited changes in cell clustering, but did not alter the phenotype of single cells. These findings reveal that integrin- mediated interactions through integrin α3 are critical in the process by which NP cells sense and alter phenotype in response to culture upon laminin and further suggest that targeting integrin α3 has potential for reversing or slowing degenerative changes to the NP cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Speer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis; St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - M. Barcellona
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis; St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - L. Jing
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis; St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - B. Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis; St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - M. Lu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis; St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - M. Kelly
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine; St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - J. Buchowski
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine; St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - L. Zebala
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine; St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - S. Luhmann
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine; St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - M. Gupta
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine; St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - L. Setton
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis; St. Louis, MO, USA,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine; St. Louis, MO, USA,Address for correspondence: Dr. Lori A. Setton, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1097, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA. Telephone number: +1 3149356164,
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3
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Speer JE, Barcellona MN, Lu MY, Zha Z, Jing L, Gupta MC, Buchowski JM, Kelly MP, Setton LA. Development of a library of laminin-mimetic peptide hydrogels for control of nucleus pulposus cell behaviors. J Tissue Eng 2021; 12:20417314211021220. [PMID: 34188794 PMCID: PMC8211742 DOI: 10.1177/20417314211021220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The nucleus pulposus (NP) of the intervertebral disc plays a critical role in
distributing mechanical loads to the axial skeleton. Alterations in NP cells and,
consequently, NP matrix are some of the earliest changes in the development of disc
degeneration. Previous studies demonstrated a role for laminin-presenting biomaterials in
promoting a healthy phenotype for human NP cells from degenerated tissue. Here we
investigate the use of laminin-mimetic peptides presented individually or in combination
on a poly(ethylene) glycol hydrogel as a platform to modulate the behaviors of
degenerative human NP cells. Data confirm that NP cells attach to select laminin-mimetic
peptides that results in cell signaling downstream of integrin and syndecan binding.
Furthermore, the peptide-functionalized hydrogels demonstrate an ability to promote cell
behaviors that mimic that of full-length laminins. These results identify a set of
peptides that can be used to regulate NP cell behaviors toward a regenerative engineering
strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie E Speer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Marcos N Barcellona
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Michael Y Lu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Zizhen Zha
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Liufang Jing
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Munish C Gupta
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jacob M Buchowski
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Michael P Kelly
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Lori A Setton
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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4
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Liang D, Hong D, Tang F, Wang Y, Li J, Li L, Chen H. Upregulated lnc‑HRK‑2:1 prompts nucleus pulposus cell senescence in intervertebral disc degeneration. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:5251-5261. [PMID: 33174041 PMCID: PMC7646984 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a complicated physiological change involving cellular senescence, inflammation and the degradation of the extracellular matrix. Long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified as new players in IVD degeneration. The present study aimed to identify lncRNAs implicated in IVD degeneration via the regulation of cellular senescence. In the present study, nucleus pulposus (NP) cells isolated from moderately degenerated IVD tissues exhibited a senescent phenotype with increased senescence rates, detected by senescence‑associated β‑galactosidase (SA‑β‑gal) staining, and reduced growth and migratory abilities. Microarray and target prediction analyses identified 353 differentially expressed lncRNAs, and 251 cis‑ and 2,170 trans‑acting targets in degenerated NP cells. Bioinformatic analyses revealed that these predicted targets were enriched in the regulation of response to DNA damage stimulus, positive regulation of cell cycle processes and interferon‑β production. In addition, a network of the top 10 upregulated and top 10 downregulated lncRNA targets was constructed, and two trans‑acting targets, C‑C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) and polyribonucleotide nucleotidyltransferase 1 (PNPT1) involved in aging or senescence, and their corresponding lncRNAs, lnc‑ST8SIA5‑1:2 and lnc‑HRK‑2:1, were identified. Reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR validation demonstrated that the two targets and two candidate lncRNAs were significantly upregulated in degenerated NP cells. Overexpression of lnc‑HRK‑2:1, with validated higher expression levels, in normal NP cells induced a senescent phenotype, with enhanced rates of senescence detected by SA‑β‑gal staining in cells, decreased growth and migratory abilities and improved expression levels of CCL5 and PNPT1. Collectively, these results suggested that upregulation of lnc‑HRK‑2:1 prompted NP cell senescence in IVD degeneration, which may be associated with increased expression levels of CCL5 and PNPT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongbo Liang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Liuzhou Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545001, P.R. China
| | - Dinggang Hong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Liuzhou Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545001, P.R. China
| | - Fuyu Tang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Liuzhou Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545001, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Wang
- The Second Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Jianfeng Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Liuzhou Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545001, P.R. China
| | - Linqing Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Liuzhou Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545001, P.R. China
| | - Huaming Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Liuzhou Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545001, P.R. China
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5
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Kupka J, Kohler A, El Bagdadi K, Bostelmann R, Brenneis M, Fleege C, Chan D, Zaucke F, Meurer A, Rickert M, Jenei-Lanzl Z. Adrenoceptor Expression during Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21062085. [PMID: 32197418 PMCID: PMC7139977 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Healthy and degenerating intervertebral discs (IVDs) are innervated by sympathetic nerves, however, adrenoceptor (AR) expression and functionality have never been investigated systematically. Therefore, AR gene expression was analyzed in both tissue and isolated cells from degenerated human IVDs. Furthermore, human IVD samples and spine sections of wildtype mice (WT) and of a mouse line that develops spontaneous IVD degeneration (IVDD, in SM/J mice) were stained for ARs and extracellular matrix (ECM) components. In IVD homogenates and cells α1a-, α1b-, α2a-, α2b-, α2c-, β1-, and β2-AR genes were expressed. In human sections, β2-AR was detectable, and its localization parallels with ECM alterations. Similarly, in IVDs of WT mice, only β2-AR was expressed, and in IVDs of SM/J mice, β2AR expression was stronger accompanied by increased collagen II, collagen XII, decorin as well as decreased cartilage oligomeric matrix protein expression. In addition, norepinephrine stimulation of isolated human IVD cells induced intracellular signaling via ERK1/2 and PKA. For the first time, the existence and functionality of ARs were demonstrated in IVD tissue samples, suggesting that the sympathicus might play a role in IVDD. Further studies will address relevant cellular mechanisms and thereby help to develop novel therapeutic options for IVDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Kupka
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Research Unit for Osteoarthritis, Orthopedic University Hospital Friedrichsheim gGmbH, 60528 Frankfurt/Main, Germany (A.K.); (K.E.B.); (M.B.); (F.Z.); (A.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Annika Kohler
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Research Unit for Osteoarthritis, Orthopedic University Hospital Friedrichsheim gGmbH, 60528 Frankfurt/Main, Germany (A.K.); (K.E.B.); (M.B.); (F.Z.); (A.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Karima El Bagdadi
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Research Unit for Osteoarthritis, Orthopedic University Hospital Friedrichsheim gGmbH, 60528 Frankfurt/Main, Germany (A.K.); (K.E.B.); (M.B.); (F.Z.); (A.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Richard Bostelmann
- Clinic of Neurosurgery, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany;
| | - Marco Brenneis
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Research Unit for Osteoarthritis, Orthopedic University Hospital Friedrichsheim gGmbH, 60528 Frankfurt/Main, Germany (A.K.); (K.E.B.); (M.B.); (F.Z.); (A.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Christoph Fleege
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Research Unit for Osteoarthritis, Orthopedic University Hospital Friedrichsheim gGmbH, 60528 Frankfurt/Main, Germany (A.K.); (K.E.B.); (M.B.); (F.Z.); (A.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Danny Chan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Frank Zaucke
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Research Unit for Osteoarthritis, Orthopedic University Hospital Friedrichsheim gGmbH, 60528 Frankfurt/Main, Germany (A.K.); (K.E.B.); (M.B.); (F.Z.); (A.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Andrea Meurer
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Research Unit for Osteoarthritis, Orthopedic University Hospital Friedrichsheim gGmbH, 60528 Frankfurt/Main, Germany (A.K.); (K.E.B.); (M.B.); (F.Z.); (A.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Marcus Rickert
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Research Unit for Osteoarthritis, Orthopedic University Hospital Friedrichsheim gGmbH, 60528 Frankfurt/Main, Germany (A.K.); (K.E.B.); (M.B.); (F.Z.); (A.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Zsuzsa Jenei-Lanzl
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Research Unit for Osteoarthritis, Orthopedic University Hospital Friedrichsheim gGmbH, 60528 Frankfurt/Main, Germany (A.K.); (K.E.B.); (M.B.); (F.Z.); (A.M.); (M.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-69-6705-408
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6
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Ashraf S, Chatoor K, Chong J, Pilliar R, Santerre P, Kandel R. Transforming Growth Factor β Enhances Tissue Formation by Passaged Nucleus Pulposus Cells In Vitro. J Orthop Res 2020; 38:438-449. [PMID: 31529713 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The nucleus pulposus (NP) is composed of NP and notochord cell. It is a paucicellular tissue and if it is to be used as a source of cells for tissue engineering the cell number will have to be expanded by cell passaging. The hypothesis of this study is that passaged NP and notochordal cells grown in three-dimensional (3D) culture in the presence of transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) will show enhanced NP tissue formation compared with cells grown in the absence of this growth factor. Bovine NP cells isolated by sequential enzymatic digestion from caudal intervertebral discs were either placed directly in 3D culture (P0) or serially passaged up to passage 3 (P3) prior to placement in 3D culture. Serial cell passage in monolayer culture led to de-differentiation, increased senescence and oxidative stress and decreases in the gene expression of NP and notochordal associated markers and increases in de-differentiation markers. The NP tissue regeneration capacity of cells in 3D culture decreases with passaging as indicated by diminished tissue thickness and total collagen content when compared with tissues formed by P0 cells. Immunohistochemical studies showed that type II collagen accumulation appeared to decrease. TGFβ1 or TGFβ3 treatment enhanced the ability of cells at each passage to form tissue, in part by decreasing cell death. However, neither TGFβ1 nor TGFβ3 were able to restore the notochordal phenotype. Although TGFβ1/3 recovered NP tissue formation by passaged cells, to generate NP in vitro that resembles the native tissue will require identification of conditions facilitating retention of notochordal cell differentiation. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 38:438-449, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Ashraf
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kenny Chatoor
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jasmine Chong
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert Pilliar
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul Santerre
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rita Kandel
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sinai Health System and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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7
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Bratsman A, Couasnay G, Elefteriou F. A step-by-step protocol for isolation of murine nucleus pulposus cells. JOR Spine 2019; 2:e1073. [PMID: 31891122 PMCID: PMC6920701 DOI: 10.1002/jsp2.1073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The intervertebral disc (IVD) is composed of three separate tissues with distinct origins and properties. Elucidating changes occurring in these tissues in response to injury or age is paramount to identify new therapies to better manage disc and spine degenerative conditions, including low back pain. Despite their small size and different mechanical load pattern compared to higher species, the use of mouse models represents a cost-effective and powerful approach to better understand the formation, maintenance, and degeneration of the IVD. However, the isolation of the different compartments of the IVD is complicated by their diminutive size. Here, we describe a simple, step-by-step protocol for the isolation of the nucleus pulposus (NP) tissues that can then be processed for further analyses. Analysis from mouse NP tissues shows sufficient quantities of RNAs, purity of the NP fraction, and overall RNA quality for gene expression studies, and reveals no increase in expression of disc degeneration markers, including TNFa, IL1b, and Mmp1 up to 15 months of age in C57BL6 wildtype mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Bratsman
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTexas
| | - Greig Couasnay
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTexas
| | - Florent Elefteriou
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTexas
- Department of Molecular and Human GeneticsBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTexas
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8
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Li X, Lou Z, Liu J, Li H, Lei Y, Zhao X, Zhang F. Upregulation of the long noncoding RNA lncPolE contributes to intervertebral disc degeneration by negatively regulating DNA polymerase epsilon. Am J Transl Res 2019; 11:2843-2854. [PMID: 31217858 PMCID: PMC6556648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are critical regulators of gene transcription. Our previous results have demonstrated that iron deficiency accelerates intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) by affecting the stability of the DNA polymerase epsilon (Polε) complex. Here, we discovered that the novel lncRNA lncPolE functions as a negative regulator of Polε. The expression of lncPolE in IDD tissues was upregulated compared to its expression in healthy control tissues, and this was in contrast to the PolE1 expression levels. The increased lncPolE level was significantly correlated with the severity of IDD. Ectopic expression of lncPolE in human nucleus pulposus cells (hNPCs) was able to decrease PolE1 levels and cause apoptosis, while the specific knockdown of lncPolE in primary NP cells (pNPCs) from IDD patients can restore PolE1 levels. Interestingly, iron depletion or supplementation can affect the expression of lncPolE. Further analyses indicated that the downregulation of DNA methylation in the promoter region of lncPolE caused its overexpression. Collectively, our results suggest that the aberrant expression of lncPolE contributes to the pathogenesis of IDD by negatively regulating PolE1 in iron deficient conditions, and this may provide a new avenue to alleviate IDD progression in clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingguo Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunming 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhenkai Lou
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunming 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First People’s Hospital of YunnanKunming 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Hongkun Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunming 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Yu Lei
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunming 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Xueling Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunming 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunming 650032, Yunnan, China
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9
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Chen Z, Han Y, Deng C, Chen W, Jin L, Chen H, Wang K, Shen H, Qian L. Inflammation‐dependent downregulation of miR‐194‐5p contributes to human intervertebral disc degeneration by targeting CUL4A and CUL4B. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:19977-19989. [PMID: 30945295 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Yingchao Han
- Department of Spine Surgery Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Chao Deng
- Department of Spine Surgery Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Linyu Jin
- Department of Spine Surgery Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Hongxing Shen
- Department of Spine Surgery Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Lie Qian
- Department of Spine Surgery Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
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10
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Bardonova LA, Sheikh O, Malova IO, Sorokovikov VA, Byvaltsev VA. ENERGY SUPPLY AND DEMAND IN THE INTERVERTEBRAL DISC. COLUNA/COLUMNA 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/s1808-185120181703193837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT The intervertebral disc (IVD) is one of the parts of the body most commonly affected by disease, and it is only recently that we have come closer to understanding the reasons for its degeneration, in which nutrient supply plays a crucial role. In this literature review, we discuss the basic principles and characteristics of energy supply and demand to the IVD. Specifically, we review how different metabolites influence IVD cell activity, the effects of mechanical loading on IVD cell metabolism, and differences in energy metabolism of the annulus fibrous and nucleus pulposus cell phenotypes. Determining the factors that influence nutrient supply and demand in the IVD will enhance our understanding of the IVD pathology, and help to elucidate new therapeutic targets for IVD degeneration treatment.
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11
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Wang Y, Tissot M, Rolin G, Muret P, Robin S, Berthon JY, He L, Humbert P, Viennet C. Development and validation of a simple method for the extraction of human skin melanocytes. Cytotechnology 2018; 70:1167-1176. [PMID: 29564589 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-018-0207-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary melanocytes in culture are useful models for studying epidermal pigmentation and efficacy of melanogenic compounds, or developing advanced therapy medicinal products. Cell extraction is an inevitable and critical step in the establishment of cell cultures. Many enzymatic methods for extracting and growing cells derived from human skin, such as melanocytes, are described in literature. They are usually based on two enzymatic steps, Trypsin in combination with Dispase, in order to separate dermis from epidermis and subsequently to provide a suspension of epidermal cells. The objective of this work was to develop and validate an extraction method of human skin melanocytes being simple, effective and applicable to smaller skin samples, and avoiding animal reagents. TrypLE™ product was tested on very limited size of human skin, equivalent of multiple 3-mm punch biopsies, and was compared to Trypsin/Dispase enzymes. Functionality of extracted cells was evaluated by analysis of viability, morphology and melanin production. In comparison with Trypsin/Dispase incubation method, the main advantages of TrypLE™ incubation method were the easier of separation between dermis and epidermis and the higher population of melanocytes after extraction. Both protocols preserved morphological and biological characteristics of melanocytes. The minimum size of skin sample that allowed the extraction of functional cells was 6 × 3-mm punch biopsies (e.g., 42 mm2) whatever the method used. In conclusion, this new procedure based on TrypLE™ incubation would be suitable for establishment of optimal primary melanocytes cultures for clinical applications and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinjuan Wang
- University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, Besançon, France
| | - Marion Tissot
- University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, Besançon, France
| | - Gwenaël Rolin
- University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, Besançon, France.,Clinical Investigation Center, Inserm CICB 1431, University Hospital, Besançon, France
| | - Patrice Muret
- University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, Besançon, France
| | | | | | - Li He
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
| | - Philippe Humbert
- University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, Besançon, France
| | - Céline Viennet
- University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, Besançon, France.
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12
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Huang BR, Chen TS, Bau DT, Chuang IC, Tsai CF, Chang PC, Lu DY. EGFR is a pivotal regulator of thrombin-mediated inflammation in primary human nucleus pulposus culture. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8578. [PMID: 28819180 PMCID: PMC5561020 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09122-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
We found that the coagulation and cytokine pathways were important mechanisms involve in the degeneration of intervertebral discs (IVD) using a microarray approach to analyze gene expression in different grades of specimens. Furthermore, using a cytokine/chemokine array, a significant increase in CXCL8 expression was observed in human nucleus pulposus (NP) cells after thrombin treatment. The enhancement of CXCL8 expression by thrombin was activated by the PAR1 receptor. Importantly, analysis of degenerated human NP tissue samples showed that EGFR expression positively correlated with the grade of tissue degeneration. In NP cells, thrombin caused an increase in phosphorylation of the EGFR at the Tyr1068, and treatment with the pharmacological EGFR inhibitor, AG1473 effectively blocked thrombin-enhanced CXCL8 production. Surprisingly, inhibition of STAT3 for 24 h decreased expression of EGFR. Treatment with thrombin also increased Akt and GSK3α/β activation; this activation was also blocked by EGFR inhibitor. Although c-Src, ERK, and FAK were activated by thrombin, only c-Src and ERK were involved in the STAT3/CXCL8 induction. Our findings indicate that stimulation of an inflammatory response in NP cells by thrombin is part of a specific pathophysiology that modulates the EGFR activation through activation of Src/ERK/STAT3 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bor-Ren Huang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pathology, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Da-Tian Bau
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - I-Chen Chuang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Fang Tsai
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chun Chang
- Department of Bioinformatics, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Dah-Yuu Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Department of Photonics and Communication Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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13
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Tang X, Jing L, Richardson WJ, Isaacs RE, Fitch RD, Brown CR, Erickson MM, Setton LA, Chen J. Identifying molecular phenotype of nucleus pulposus cells in human intervertebral disc with aging and degeneration. J Orthop Res 2016; 34:1316-26. [PMID: 27018499 PMCID: PMC5321132 DOI: 10.1002/jor.23244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Previous study claimed that disc degeneration may be preceded by structure and matrix changes in the intervertebral disc (IVD) which coincide with the loss of distinct notochordally derived nucleus pulposus (NP) cells. However, the fate of notochordal cells and their molecular phenotype change during aging and degeneration in human are still unknown. In this study, a set of novel molecular phenotype markers of notochordal NP cells during aging and degeneration in human IVD tissue were revealed with immunostaining and flow cytometry. Furthermore, the potential of phenotype juvenilization and matrix regeneration of IVD cells in a laminin-rich pseudo-3D culture system were evaluated at day 28 by immunostaining, Safranin O, and type II collagen staining. Immunostaining and flow cytometry demonstrated that transcriptional factor Brachyury T, neuronal-related proteins (brain abundant membrane attached signal protein 1, Basp1; Neurochondrin, Ncdn; Neuropilin, Nrp-1), CD24, and CD221 were expressed only in juvenile human NP tissue, which suggested that these proteins may be served as the notochordal NP cell markers. However, the increased expression of CD54 and CD166 with aging indicated that they might be referenced as the potential biomarker for disc degeneration. In addition, 3D culture maintained most of markers in juvenile NP, and rescued the expression of Basp1, Ncdn, and Nrp 1 that disappeared in adult NP native tissue. These findings provided new insight into molecular profile that may be used to characterize the existence of a unique notochordal NP cells during aging and degeneration in human IVD cells, which will facilitate cell-based therapy for IVD regeneration. © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 34:1316-1326, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyan Tang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA,Orthopaedic Surgery Department, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Liufang Jing
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - William J Richardson
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Robert E Isaacs
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Robert D Fitch
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Christopher R Brown
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Melissa M Erickson
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Lori A Setton
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
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14
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Miller SL, Coughlin DG, Waldorff EI, Ryaby JT, Lotz JC. Pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) treatment reduces expression of genes associated with disc degeneration in human intervertebral disc cells. Spine J 2016; 16:770-6. [PMID: 26780754 DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2016.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Revised: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CONTEXT Pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) therapies have been applied to stimulate bone healing and to reduce the symptoms of arthritis, but the effects of PEMF on intervertebral disc (IVD) biology is unknown. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to determine how PEMF affects gene expression of IVD cells in normal and inflammatory environments. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING This was an in vitro human cell culture and microarray gene expression study. METHODS Human annulus fibrosus (AF) and nucleus pulposus (NP) cells were separately encapsulated in alginate beads and exposed to interleukin 1α (IL-1α) (10 ng/mL) to stimulate the inflammatory environment associated with IVD degeneration and/or stimulated by PEMF for 4 hours daily for up to 7 days. RNA was isolated from each treatment group and analyzed via microarray to assess IL-1α- and PEMF-induced changes in gene expression. RESULTS Although PEMF treatment did not completely inhibit the effects of IL-1α, PEMF treatment lessened the IL-1α-induced upregulation of genes expressed in degenerated IVDs. Consistent with our previous results, after 4 days, PEMF tended to reduce IL-1α-associated gene expression of IL-6 (25%, p=.07) in NP cells and MMP13 (26%, p=.10) in AF cells. Additionally, PEMF treatment significantly diminished IL-1α-induced gene expression of IL-17A (33%, p=.01) and MMP2 (24%, p=.006) in NP cells and NFκB (11%, p=.04) in AF cells. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that IVD cells are responsive to PEMF and motivate future studies to determine whether PEMF may be helpful for patients with IVD degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie L Miller
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, 513 Parnassus Ave, S-1161, Box 0514, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Dezba G Coughlin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, 513 Parnassus Ave, S-1161, Box 0514, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Erik I Waldorff
- Orthofix, Inc., 3451 Plano Parkway, Lewisville, TX 75056, USA
| | - James T Ryaby
- Orthofix, Inc., 3451 Plano Parkway, Lewisville, TX 75056, USA
| | - Jeffrey C Lotz
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, 513 Parnassus Ave, S-1161, Box 0514, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
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15
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Human-induced pluripotent stem cells generated from intervertebral disc cells improve neurologic functions in spinal cord injury. Stem Cell Res Ther 2015; 6:125. [PMID: 26104416 PMCID: PMC4529688 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-015-0118-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Revised: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have emerged as a promising cell source for immune-compatible cell therapy. Although a variety of somatic cells have been tried for iPSC generation, it is still of great interest to test new cell types, especially those which are hardly obtainable in a normal situation. Methods In this study, we generated iPSCs by using the cells originated from intervertebral disc which were removed during a spinal operation after spinal cord injury. We investigated the pluripotency of disc cell-derived iPSCs (diPSCs) and neural differentiation capability as well as therapeutic effect in spinal cord injury. Results The diPSCs displayed similar characteristics to human embryonic stem cells and were efficiently differentiated into neural precursor cells (NPCs) with the capability of differentiation into mature neurons in vitro. When the diPSC-derived NPCs were transplanted into mice 9 days after spinal cord injury, we detected a significant amelioration of hindlimb dysfunction during follow-up recovery periods. Histological analysis at 5 weeks after transplantation identified undifferentiated human NPCs (Nestin+) as well as early (Tuj1+) and mature (MAP2+) neurons derived from the transplanted NPCs. Furthermore, NPC transplantation demonstrated a preventive effect on spinal cord degeneration resulting from the secondary injury. Conclusion This study revealed that intervertebral discs removed during surgery for spinal stabilization after spinal cord injury, previously considered a “waste” tissue, may provide a unique opportunity to study iPSCs derived from difficult-to-access somatic cells and a useful therapeutic resource for autologous cell replacement therapy in spinal cord injury. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13287-015-0118-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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