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Takata T, Motoo Y. Novel In Vitro Assay of the Effects of Kampo Medicines against Intra/Extracellular Advanced Glycation End-Products in Oral, Esophageal, and Gastric Epithelial Cells. Metabolites 2023; 13:878. [PMID: 37512585 PMCID: PMC10385496 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13070878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Kampo medicines are Japanese traditional medicines developed from Chinese traditional medicines. The action mechanisms of the numerous known compounds have been studied for approximately 100 years; however, many remain unclear. While components are normally affected through digestion, absorption, and metabolism, in vitro oral, esophageal, and gastric epithelial cell models avoid these influences and, thus, represent superior assay systems for Kampo medicines. We focused on two areas of the strong performance of this assay system: intracellular and extracellular advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). AGEs are generated from glucose, fructose, and their metabolites, and promote lifestyle-related diseases such as diabetes and cancer. While current technology cannot analyze whole intracellular AGEs in cells in some organs, some AGEs can be generated for 1-2 days, and the turnover time of oral and gastric epithelial cells is 7-14 days. Therefore, we hypothesized that we could detect these rapidly generated intracellular AGEs in such cells. Extracellular AEGs (e.g., dietary or in the saliva) bind to the receptor for AGEs (RAGE) and the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) on the surface of the epithelial cells and can induce cytotoxicity such as inflammation. The analysis of Kampo medicine effects against intra/extracellular AGEs in vitro is a novel model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanobu Takata
- Division of Molecular and Genetic Biology, Department of Life Science, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada 920-0293, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Motoo
- Department of Medical Oncology and Kampo Medicines, Komatsu Sophia Hospital, Komatsu 923-0861, Ishikawa, Japan
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Sasaki N, Nishi Y, Fujiwara Y, Takeyama T, Kumagai H, Senarathna S, Ushiya S, Tokuyama T, Tokuyama T, Tokuyama T, Mii T, Ayaki S, Matsuno K, Nakagawa Y, Nishihara Y, Taura Y. Effect of a novel rice fermented extract on gastric ulcers in horses. J Equine Sci 2021; 32:27-30. [PMID: 34220268 PMCID: PMC8240527 DOI: 10.1294/jes.32.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric ulcers cause appetite loss, poor body condition, and colic in horses. This study
investigated the protective effect of a rice fermented extract on the gastric mucosa in 17
healthy Thoroughbreds. For one month, horses in the rice fermented extract (nine horses)
and control (eight horses) groups were orally administered a rice fermented extract (100%;
0.2 ml/kg, SID) and tap water (0.2 ml/kg), respectively. Gastric endoscopic images were
obtained before and one month after rice fermented extract administration. The gastric
ulcer score was lower after administration (median, 1; maximum, 2; minimum, 1) than before
administration (median, 4; maximum, 4; minimum, 3) in the rice fermented extract group
(P<0.05). In conclusion, the administration of a rice fermented extract for one month
improves gastric mucosal lesions in Thoroughbreds with gastric ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Sasaki
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
| | - Yasunobu Nishi
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
| | - Yumi Fujiwara
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Takeyama
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
| | - Hayata Kumagai
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
| | - Samantha Senarathna
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yasuho Taura
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
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Wang Y, Wang SL, Zhang JY, Song XN, Zhang ZY, Li JF, Li S. Anti-ulcer and anti-Helicobacter pylori potentials of the ethyl acetate fraction of Physalis alkekengi L. var. franchetii (Solanaceae) in rodent. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 211:197-206. [PMID: 28964871 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Physalis alkekengi L. var. franchetii (Solanaceae) has been widely used in Chinese folk medicine due to its wide distribution throughout the country, for the treatment of a wide range of diseases including heat and cold, sore throat, fever, fungal infection, inflammation, toothache, rheumatism, burn, analgesic, ulcer and urinary diseases. However, the effect of P. alkekengi var. franchetii on ulcer and Helicobacter pylori infection has not been reported to date. AIM OF THE STUDY This study was designed to investigate the anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcer, anti-Helicobacter pylori and analgesic properties of ethyl acetate fraction of the crude aqueous methanolic extract from the aerial parts of the plant P. alkekengi L. var. franchetii in rodents. MATERIALS AND METHODS Acute toxicity of the crude extract of P. alkekengi L. var. franchetii (PAF) was evaluated in rats. The petroleum ether fraction (PEF), butanol fraction (BF), ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) and aqueous fraction (AF) of crude aqueous methanolic extract from PAF were screened for anti-inflammatory and anti-ulcer potential at doses of 100, 250 and 500mg/kg (p.o.), using carrageenin-induced hind paw edema and ethanol-induced gastric lesions test in rats. In vitro anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of EAF was assayed subsequently. In addition, three doses of EAF were evaluated for analgesic activity using hot plate and writhing tests, respectively. Finally, we performed a phytochemical analysis of EAF. RESULTS Four fractions of crude extract from PAF significantly reduced the paw volume in carrageenin-induced hind paw edema model at different doses (100, 250 and 500mg/kg, p.o.). The fraction EAF at a dose of 500mg/kg exhibited the highest (75.92%) (0.150 ± 0.045***, ***p < 0.001) anti-inflammatory potential, which is similar to indomethacin (***P < 0.001)(0.120 ± 0.014***, 80.74% inhibition of inflammation) at 5mg/kg. Pretreatment with EAF (500mg/kg, p.o.) significantly reduced the intensity of gastric mucosal damage and showed higher gastroprotective activity (90.6%) when compared to the standard drug famotidine (84.6%). In addition, EAF fraction also showed a moderate (P < 0.05) anti-Helicobacter pylori activity with a minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) of 500μg/ml. Furthermore, pain sensation was effectively inhibited at 500mg/kg, p.o. of EAF as manifested by an increase (p < 0.001) of latency time in hot plate from 30 to 90min and a decrease (p < 0.001) in count of writhing induced by acetic acid. By HPLC, we determined some steroid, terpenoid and flavonoids (four compounds): kaempferol, quercetin, Blumenol A and physalindicanols A, which were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction and identified using 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectra analysis. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated the anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcer, anti-Helicobacter pylori and analgesic properties of EAF of the crude extract from PAF thus justifying its traditional usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 TongJiaXiang, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, PR China; Department of Scientific Research, Guizhou Provincial Institute for Food and Drug Control, 142 Shibei Road, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, PR China.
| | - Sui Lou Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 TongJiaXiang, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
| | - Jiong Yi Zhang
- Department of Scientific Research, Guizhou Provincial Institute for Food and Drug Control, 142 Shibei Road, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, PR China
| | - Xiao Ning Song
- Department of Scientific Research, Guizhou Provincial Institute for Food and Drug Control, 142 Shibei Road, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, PR China
| | - Zhi Yong Zhang
- Department of Scientific Research, Guizhou Provincial Institute for Food and Drug Control, 142 Shibei Road, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, PR China
| | - Jing Feng Li
- Department of Scientific Research, Guizhou Provincial Institute for Food and Drug Control, 142 Shibei Road, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, PR China
| | - Song Li
- Department of Scientific Research, Guizhou Provincial Institute for Food and Drug Control, 142 Shibei Road, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, PR China
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Strate LL, Singh P, Boylan MR, Piawah S, Cao Y, Chan AT. A Prospective Study of Alcohol Consumption and Smoking and the Risk of Major Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Men. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165278. [PMID: 27824864 PMCID: PMC5100927 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Data regarding smoking and alcohol consumption and risk of gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) are sparse and conflicting. We assessed the risk of major GIB associated with smoking and alcohol consumption in a large, prospective cohort. Methods We prospectively studied 48,000 men in the Health Professional follow-up Study (HPFS) who were aged 40–75 years at baseline in 1986. We identified men with major GIB requiring hospitalization and/or blood transfusion via biennial questionnaires and chart review. Results We documented 305 episodes of major GIB during 26 years of follow-up. Men who consumed >30 g/day of alcohol had a multivariable relative risk (RR) of 1.43 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.88–2.35; P for trend 0.006) for major GIB when compared with nondrinkers. Alcohol consumption appeared to be primarily related to upper GIB (multivariable RR for >30 g/day vs. nondrinkers was 1.35; 95% CI, 0.66–2.77; P for trend 0.02). Men who consumed ≥ 5 drinks/week vs. < 1 drink/month of liquor had a multivariable RR of 1.72 (95% CI, 1.26–2.35, P for trend <0.001). Wine and beer were not significantly associated with major GIB. The risk of GIB associated with NSAIDs/aspirin use increased with greater alcohol consumption (multivariable RR 1.37; 95% CI, 0.85–2.19 for 1-14g/day of alcohol, RR 1.75; 95% CI, 1.07–2.88 for ≥ 15g/day compared to nondrinkers). Smoking was not significantly associated with GIB. Conclusions Alcohol consumption, but not smoking, was associated with an increased risk of major GIB. Associations were most notable for upper GIB associated with liquor intake. Alcohol appeared to potentiate the risk of NSAID-associated GIB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa L. Strate
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Prashant Singh
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Matthew R. Boylan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Sorbarikor Piawah
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Yin Cao
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Andrew T. Chan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Minozzo BR, Lemes BM, Justo ADS, Lara JE, Petry VEK, Fernandes D, Belló C, Vellosa JCR, Campagnoli EB, Nunes OC, Kitagawa RR, Avula B, Khan IA, Beltrame FL. Anti-ulcer mechanisms of polyphenols extract of Euphorbia umbellata (Pax) Bruyns (Euphorbiaceae). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 191:29-40. [PMID: 27301616 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Euphorbia umbellata (leitosinha) is used in southern Brazilian folk medicine to treat gastric problems, as well as for its analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. AIM OF STUDY To evaluate the anti-ulcer effects of methanolic bark fraction (MF) against in vivo and in vitro assays, as well as an antioxidant, antibacterial and chromatographic study of this fraction. MATERIALS AND METHODS In vivo anti-ulcer activity was performed using ethanol and indomethacin models with different MF concentrations (50, 100 or 200mg/Kg). The stomachs of the animals were applied to histological evaluation, and the serum to evaluate the ABTS(•+) radical capture. The 200mg/Kg dose was used to analyze the mechanisms involved in antiulcerogenic properties of methanolic fraction. The in vitro activity was performed using several different antioxidant assays, in addition to anti-Helicobacter pylori and anti-urease experiments. The chromatographic study was carried out by LC-MS analysis. RESULTS Pharmacological investigation of the MF showed an anti-ulcer potential in ethanol and indomethacin in vivo assays. The material presented a high antioxidant activity for several oxidant in vitro systems (DPPH(•), ABTS(•+), O2(•-), HOCl, TauCl and HRP), as well as an ABTS(•+) capture increasing (7.5%) by the treated animals serum (when compared to the negative control). Prostaglandins, nitric oxide/ cyclic guanosine monophosphate pathway and involvement of the protein components of the glutathione complex are some of the mechanisms related with this potential anti-ulcer action. The histological examination of the stomachs of the animals showed that the MF also prevents local action of offensive agents. Chemical analysis using LC-QTOF-MS revealed the presence of ellagic and gallic acid derivatives and flavonols. CONCLUSION The findings provide scientific basis to the ethnopharmacological purpose of the studied plant and the biological activities of MF of E. umbellata stem bark may be due to the presence of phenolic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Rodrigo Minozzo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa 84900-030, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Bruna Mikulis Lemes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa 84900-030, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Aline da Silva Justo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa 84900-030, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Jheniffer Ellen Lara
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa 84900-030, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Daniel Fernandes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa 84900-030, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Caroline Belló
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa 84900-030, Paraná, Brazil
| | - José Carlos Rebuglio Vellosa
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa 84900-030, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Bauml Campagnoli
- Department of Odontology, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa 84900-030, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Otalíbio Castiglione Nunes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória 29040-090, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Rezende Kitagawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória 29040-090, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Bharathi Avula
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, Oxford 38677, MS, USA
| | - Ikhlas Ahmad Khan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, Oxford 38677, MS, USA
| | - Flávio Luis Beltrame
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa 84900-030, Paraná, Brazil.
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Chung CY, Park YL, Kim N, Oh HH, Myung DS, Kim JS, Cho SB, Lee WS, Kim HS, Ahn BW, Joo YE. Rice prolamin extract ameliorates acute murine colitis by inhibiting nuclear factor-kappa B and modulating intestinal apoptosis and cell proliferation. Clin Exp Immunol 2015; 178:537-47. [PMID: 25098704 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the impact of rice prolamin extract (RPE) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nuclear factor (NF)-κB signalling in intestinal epithelial cells and macrophages, and determined the therapeutic efficacy of RPE in acute murine colitis. The effect of RPE on LPS-induced NF-κB signalling and proinflammatory gene expression was evaluated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Western blotting, immunofluorescence and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). The in-vivo efficacy of RPE was assessed in mice with 3% dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. Apoptotic and cellular proliferative activities were evaluated by immunostaining with cleaved caspase-3 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) antibodies. RPE inhibited LPS-induced expression of monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, interleukin (IL)-6 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and LPS-induced NF-κB signalling in intestinal epithelial cells and macrophages. RPE-fed, DSS-exposed mice showed less weight loss, longer colon length and lower histological score compared to control diet-fed, DSS-exposed mice. Immunostaining analysis revealed a significant decrease of cleaved caspase-3 positive cells in RPE-fed, DSS-exposed mice compared to DSS-exposed mice. Also, the number of PCNA-positive cells within intact colonic crypts decreased significantly in RPE-fed, DSS-exposed mice compared to control diet-fed, DSS-exposed mice. DSS-induced NF-κB signalling was inhibited by RPE. RPE ameliorates intestinal inflammation by inhibiting NF-κB activation and modulating intestinal apoptosis and cell proliferation in an acute murine colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-Y Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
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Song DU, Jang MS, Kim HW, Yoon HJ, Chay KO, Joo YE, Jung YD, Yang SY, Ahn BW. Gastroprotective Effects of Glutinous Rice Extract against Ethanol-, Indomethacin-, and Stress-induced Ulcers in Rats. Chonnam Med J 2014; 50:6-14. [PMID: 24855601 PMCID: PMC4022797 DOI: 10.4068/cmj.2014.50.1.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Revised: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of an orally administered aqueous extract of glutinous rice (GRE) to protect against acute gastric mucosal lesions induced by ethanol, indomethacin, and water immersion restraint stress in rats and to characterize the active substances responsible for the protection. GRE was shown to dose-dependently prevent the gastric lesions induced by the above ulcerogenic treatments at doses of 30 to 300 mg/kg. GRE treatment increased the gastric mucin content and partially blocked the ethanol-induced depletion of the gastric mucus layer. Also, it increased the nonprotein sulfhydryl concentration in the gastric mucosa. The gastroprotective action of GRE was markedly enhanced by co-treatment with 4-8 mg/kg tea extracts. The activity of GRE was completely lost by heat treatment at 80℃ for 3 min or treatment with 0.01% pepsin at 37℃ for 1 h. Protein extraction studies indicated that prolamins are involved in the gastroprotective activity of GRE. Our results suggest that glutinous rice proteins are useful for the prevention and treatment of gastritis and peptic ulcer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Up Song
- Chonnam University Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Mi Sun Jang
- Chonnam University Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hyun Woo Kim
- Chonnam University Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hyun Joong Yoon
- Department of Biochemistry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Kee Oh Chay
- Department of Biochemistry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Young Eun Joo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Young Do Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Sung Yeul Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Bong Whan Ahn
- Department of Biochemistry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
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Abdon APV, Vasconcelos RP, Castro CA, Guedes MM, Tomé ADR, Cardoso ALH, Santiago TDM, Rebêlo LM, Moreira RDA, Monteiro-Moreira ACDO, Campos AR. Ethanol-Induced Gastric Injury: Microscopic Analysis of the Protective Effect of Frutalin. Int J Pept Res Ther 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-014-9398-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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9
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Kwak HS, Park SY, Nguyen TT, Kim CH, Lee JM, Suh JS, Whang WK, Sohn UD. Protective effect of extract from Rumex aquaticus herba on ethanol-induced gastric damage in rats. Pharmacology 2012; 90:288-97. [PMID: 23037147 DOI: 10.1159/000342767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2012] [Accepted: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS In this study, we investigated the gastroprotective effect of extract including quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucuronopyranoside (EIQ) from Rumex aquaticus herba against the ethanol-induced gastric damage in rats. METHODS The rats were divided into eight groups composed of a non-ethanol group, only EIQ (10 mg/kg) group, groups with absolute ethanol after pretreatment with various doses of EIQ (1, 3 and 10 mg/kg), rebamipide (10 mg/kg), stillen (40 mg/kg) and a control receiving only absolute ethanol. Ethanol-induced gastric lesions, lipid peroxidation, neutrophil infiltration and glutathione level were measured. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activity were assessed by an assay kit. Protein expression of SOD, catalase or hemoxygenase-1 (HO-1) was assessed by western blotting analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION In the absolute ethanol treated group, gastric lesion and malondialdehyde levels were significantly increased with enhanced myeloperoxidase activity. Administration of EIQ 1 h prior to ethanol treatment significantly inhibited the formation of gastric lesions and the elevation of the malondialdehyde levels with myeloperoxidase activity. In addition, pretreatment with EIQ significantly increased the level of glutathione, and elevated the activity and protein expression of radical scavenging enzymes, such as SOD, catalase and HO-1. EIQ may exert anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects against ethanol-induced gastric injury through the reduction of lipid peroxidation, myeloperoxidase activity and free radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Soo Kwak
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
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10
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Abshenas J, Kheirandish R, Salary AR. Gastroprotective effect of mummy on induced gastric ulcer in rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00580-012-1610-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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11
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Rozza AL, de Mello Moraes T, Kushima H, Nunes DS, Hiruma-Lima CA, Pellizzon CH. Involvement of glutathione, sulfhydryl compounds, nitric oxide, vasoactive intestinal peptide, and heat-shock protein-70 in the gastroprotective mechanism of Croton cajucara Benth. (Euphorbiaceae) essential oil. J Med Food 2011; 14:1011-7. [PMID: 21488752 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2010.0173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the gastroprotective mechanism of action of the essential oil of Croton cajucara Benth. (Euphorbiaceae) stem bark in ethanol-induced gastric ulcers and its in vitro anti-Helicobacter pylori activity. The involvement of heat-shock protein-70, vasoactive intestinal peptide, glutathione, nitric oxide, and nonprotein sulfhydryl compounds in the gastroprotective effect was determined in male Wistar rats. The minimum inhibitory concentration against H. pylori was determined in vitro. The results were analyzed by analysis of variance followed by the Dunnett test, and a P value less than 0.05 was considered to represent a statistically significant difference. C. cajucara decreased ethanol-induced ulcer area in 100% of ulcers and decreased the histologic lesions. In the C. cajucara group, the area marked by heat-shock protein-70 was significantly higher than the area in the control group; this finding was not seen for vasoactive intestinal peptide. C. cajucara could not maintain glutathione levels close to those in the sham group. The gastric ulcer area of rats treated with the sulfhydryl compound blocker was decreased, but the ulcer area of rats treated with nitric oxide synthase inhibitor showed no alteration. The minimum inhibitory concentration obtained for C. cajucara was 125 μg/mL. These findings suggest that sulfhydryl compounds and heat-shock protein-70, but not nitric oxide, glutathione, or vasoactive intestinal peptide, are involved in the C. cajucara gastroprotective effect against ethanol-induced gastric ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane Leite Rozza
- Department of Morphology, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
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12
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Zhao W, Zhu F, Shen W, Fu A, Zheng L, Yan Z, Zhao L, Fu G. Protective effects of DIDS against ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury in rats. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2009; 41:301-8. [PMID: 19352545 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmp014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The compound 4,4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid (DIDS) is an efficient anion exchanger inhibitor that can block the activities of anion exchanger 2 (AE2), which plays an indispensable role in gastric acid secretion. DIDS also has potent anti-oxidative and antiapoptosis activities. This study aimed to investigate the effect of DIDS on ethanol-induced mucosal damage in rats and to evaluate the underlying mechanisms that mediate the action of the compound. The rats received 1 ml of absolute ethanol or saline orally. DIDS [50 mg/kg intravenous (i.v.)] was given 5 min before ethanol administration. Gastric lesions were evaluated macroscopically, microscopically, and electron microscopically at 60 min after ethanol challenge. Gastric myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, malonyldialdehyde (MDA) level, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) synthesis, and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression were assessed. For the evaluation of the effect of DIDS on gastric acid secretion, histamine-stimulatory gastric acid secretion was examined with or without pretreatment of DIDS (50 mg/kg; i.v.). Ethanol-induced gastric lesions were characterized by increasing gastric MDA level, MPO activity, and COX-2 expression, and decreasing PGE2 synthesis. It was found that DIDS significantly reduced the extent of gastric mucosal damage and reversed tissue MDA level and MPO activity. DIDS further enhanced the expression of COX-2 and reversed the decrease of PGE2. Our results suggested that DIDS is beneficial in rat model of gastric injury through mechanisms that involve inhibiting inflammatory cell infiltration and lipid peroxidation and up-regulating the COX-2/PGE2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Department of Pathology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
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Specific induction of a 72-kDa heat shock protein protects esophageal mucosa from reflux esophagitis. Life Sci 2009; 84:517-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2009.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2008] [Revised: 12/19/2008] [Accepted: 01/26/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Sibilia V, Pagani F, Rindi G, Lattuada N, Rapetti D, De Luca V, Campanini N, Bulgarelli I, Locatelli V, Guidobono F, Netti C. Central ghrelin gastroprotection involves nitric oxide/prostaglandin cross-talk. Br J Pharmacol 2008; 154:688-97. [PMID: 18414388 DOI: 10.1038/bjp.2008.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Ghrelin, a gut-brain peptide, is considered a gastroprotective factor in gastric mucosa. We investigated the role of prostaglandins (PG) and the possible interplay between PGs and nitric oxide (NO) in ghrelin gastroprotection against ethanol (EtOH)-induced gastric lesions. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We examined the effects of (1) central ghrelin (4 mug per rat) injection on PGE(2) accumulation in normal or EtOH-lesioned gastric mucosa, (2) pretreatment with indomethacin (10 mg kg(-1), p.o.), a non-selective cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor, and with a selective COX-1, SC560 (5 mg kg(-1), p.o.) or COX-2 inhibitor, celecoxib (3.5 mg kg(-1), p.o.) on ghrelin gastroprotection against 50% EtOH (1 mL per rat)-induced gastric lesions, (3) the NO synthase inhibitor, L-NAME (70 mg kg(-1), s.c), on gastric PGE(2) content in ghrelin-treated rats and (4) central ghrelin on the expression of constitutive and inducible NOS and COX mRNA and on the localization of the immunoreactivity for COX-2 in the gastric mucosa exposed to EtOH. KEY RESULTS Ghrelin increased PGE(2) in normal mucosa, whereas, it reversed the EtOH-induced PGE(2) surge. Ghrelin had no effect on mucosal COX-1 expression but reduced the EtOH-induced increase in COX-2 expression and immunoreactivity. Indomethacin and SC560, but not celecoxib, removed ghrelin gastroprotection. L-NAME prevented the PGE(2) surge induced by ghrelin and, like indomethacin, reduced EtOH-induced PGE(2) increase. Ghrelin enhanced eNOS expression and reduced iNOS mRNA. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS This study shows that COX-1-derived PGs are mainly involved in ghrelin gastroprotection and that the constitutive-derived NO together with PGE(2) are involved in ghrelin gastroprotective activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Sibilia
- Department of Pharmacology, Chemotherapy and Medical Toxicology, University of Milano, Milan, Italy.
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