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Wang Y, Wang X, Niu X, Han K, Ru N, Xiang J, Linghu E. Identification of COL3A1 as a candidate protein involved in the crosstalk between obesity and diarrhea using quantitative proteomics and machine learning. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 981:176881. [PMID: 39127300 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing epidemiologic studies have shown a positive correlation between obesity and chronic diarrhea. Nevertheless, the precise etiology remains uncertain. METHODS We performed a comprehensive proteomics analysis utilizing the data-independent acquisition (DIA) technique on jejunal tissues from patients with obesity and chronic diarrhea (OD, n = 33), obese patients (OB, n = 10), and healthy controls (n = 8). Differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in OD vs. control and OD vs. OB comparisons were subjected to pathway enrichment and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. Machine learning algorithms were adopted on overlapping DEPs in both comparisons. The candidate protein was further validated using Western blot, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and in vitro experiments. RESULTS We identified 189 and 228 DEPs in OD vs. control and OD vs. OB comparisons, respectively. DEPs in both comparisons were co-enriched in extracellular matrix (ECM) organization. Downregulated DEPs were associated with tight junction and ECM-receptor interaction in OD vs. control and OD vs. OB comparisons, respectively. Machine learning algorithms selected 3 proteins from 14 overlapping DEPs in both comparisons, among which collagen alpha-1(III) chain (COL3A1) was identified as a core protein in PPI networks. Western blot and IHC verified the expression of COL3A1. Moreover, the tight junction-related proteins decreased after the knockdown of COL3A1 in Caco2 intestinal cells upon PA challenge, consistent with the proteomics results. CONCLUSIONS We generated in-depth profiling of a proteomic dataset from samples of OD patients and provided unique insights into disease pathogenesis. COL3A1 was involved in the crosstalk between obesity and intestinal homeostasis via the ECM-receptor interaction pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China; Department of Gastroenterology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Xiangyao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Xiaotong Niu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China; Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Ke Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China; Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Nan Ru
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Jingyuan Xiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China; Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Enqiang Linghu
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China; Department of Gastroenterology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
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Vilardi A, Przyborski S, Mobbs C, Rufini A, Tufarelli C. Current understanding of the interplay between extracellular matrix remodelling and gut permeability in health and disease. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:258. [PMID: 38802341 PMCID: PMC11130177 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-02015-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The intestinal wall represents an interactive network regulated by the intestinal epithelium, extracellular matrix (ECM) and mesenchymal compartment. Under healthy physiological conditions, the epithelium undergoes constant renewal and forms an integral and selective barrier. Following damage, the healthy epithelium is restored via a series of signalling pathways that result in remodelling of the scaffolding tissue through finely-regulated proteolysis of the ECM by proteases such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). However, chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, as occurs in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), is associated with prolonged disruption of the epithelial barrier and persistent damage to the intestinal mucosa. Increased barrier permeability exhibits distinctive signatures of inflammatory, immunological and ECM components, accompanied by increased ECM proteolytic activity. This narrative review aims to bring together the current knowledge of the interplay between gut barrier, immune and ECM features in health and disease, discussing the role of barrier permeability as a discriminant between homoeostasis and IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurora Vilardi
- Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE2 7LX, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan Przyborski
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Claire Mobbs
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Alessandro Rufini
- Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE2 7LX, United Kingdom.
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, 20133, Italy.
| | - Cristina Tufarelli
- Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE2 7LX, United Kingdom.
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Wen C, Chen D, Zhong R, Peng X. Animal models of inflammatory bowel disease: category and evaluation indexes. Gastroenterol Rep (Oxf) 2024; 12:goae021. [PMID: 38634007 PMCID: PMC11021814 DOI: 10.1093/gastro/goae021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) research often relies on animal models to study the etiology, pathophysiology, and management of IBD. Among these models, rats and mice are frequently employed due to their practicality and genetic manipulability. However, for studies aiming to closely mimic human pathology, non-human primates such as monkeys and dogs offer valuable physiological parallels. Guinea pigs, while less commonly used, present unique advantages for investigating the intricate interplay between neurological and immunological factors in IBD. Additionally, New Zealand rabbits excel in endoscopic biopsy techniques, providing insights into mucosal inflammation and healing processes. Pigs, with their physiological similarities to humans, serve as ideal models for exploring the complex relationships between nutrition, metabolism, and immunity in IBD. Beyond mammals, non-mammalian organisms including zebrafish, Drosophila melanogaster, and nematodes offer specialized insights into specific aspects of IBD pathology, highlighting the diverse array of model systems available for advancing our understanding of this multifaceted disease. In this review, we conduct a thorough analysis of various animal models employed in IBD research, detailing their applications and essential experimental parameters. These include clinical observation, Disease Activity Index score, pathological assessment, intestinal barrier integrity, fibrosis, inflammatory markers, intestinal microbiome, and other critical parameters that are crucial for evaluating modeling success and drug efficacy in experimental mammalian studies. Overall, this review will serve as a valuable resource for researchers in the field of IBD, offering insights into the diverse array of animal models available and their respective applications in studying IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changlin Wen
- Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Dan Chen
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion School of Teaching, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Rao Zhong
- Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Xi Peng
- Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
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Alexdottir MS, Pehrsson M, Domislovic V, Godskesen LE, Krag A, Kjeldsen J, Brinar M, Barisic A, Bay-Jensen AC, Karsdal MA, Krznaric Z, Mortensen JH. Neutrophil-mediated type IV collagen degradation is elevated in patients with mild endoscopic ulcerative colitis reflecting early mucosal destruction. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1641. [PMID: 38238446 PMCID: PMC10796406 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52208-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils play a significant role in sustaining chronic inflammation in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. The intestinal basement membrane acts as a barrier for immunological homeostasis, where the α3 and α4 chains of type IV collagen are expressed on the mucosal surface. We wanted to develop a biomarker reflecting early tissue injury, providing an opportunity for intervention. Two competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) quantifying human neutrophil elastase (HNE) degraded neo-epitopes of COL4A3 and COL4A4 were developed and investigated in two observational cohorts (n = 161, n = 100). A biomarker of MMP-mediated degradation of COL4A1 (C4M) was used for comparison. In Cohort 1, patients with mild endoscopic ulcerative colitis showed elevated levels of C4A3-HNE compared to those with severe disease. C4M had a strong positive correlation with disease activity. C4A3-HNE/C4M provided superior discrimination between mild and severe endoscopic disease and negatively correlated to disease activity. In Cohort 2, C4A4-HNE and C4A4-HNE/C4M showed similar trends. C4A3-HNE and C4A4-HNE possibly reflect early intestinal tissue injury. Combining the markers with a biomarker of another α-chain of the same collagen provides information on two distinct stages of mucosal damage. These biomarkers may be used to monitor disease flare-up in patients in remission, reducing the need for frequent endoscopic procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta S Alexdottir
- Department of Biomarkers and Research, Nordic Bioscience, 2370, Herlev, Denmark.
| | - Martin Pehrsson
- Department of Biomarkers and Research, Nordic Bioscience, 2370, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Viktor Domislovic
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Line E Godskesen
- Research Unit of Medical Gastroenterology, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Medical Gastrointestinal Diseases, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Aleksander Krag
- Research Unit of Medical Gastroenterology, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Medical Gastrointestinal Diseases, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jens Kjeldsen
- Research Unit of Medical Gastroenterology, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Medical Gastrointestinal Diseases, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Marko Brinar
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ana Barisic
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Morten A Karsdal
- Department of Biomarkers and Research, Nordic Bioscience, 2370, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Zeljko Krznaric
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Joachim H Mortensen
- Department of Biomarkers and Research, Nordic Bioscience, 2370, Herlev, Denmark
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Wang M, Shi J, Yu C, Zhang X, Xu G, Xu Z, Ma Y. Emerging strategy towards mucosal healing in inflammatory bowel disease: what the future holds? Front Immunol 2023; 14:1298186. [PMID: 38155971 PMCID: PMC10752988 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1298186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
For decades, the therapeutic goal of conventional treatment among inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients is alleviating exacerbations in acute phase, maintaining remission, reducing recurrence, preventing complications, and increasing quality of life. However, the persistent mucosal/submucosal inflammation tends to cause irreversible changes in the intestinal structure, which can barely be redressed by conventional treatment. In the late 1990s, monoclonal biologics, mainly anti-TNF (tumor necrosis factor) drugs, were proven significantly helpful in inhibiting mucosal inflammation and improving prognosis in clinical trials. Meanwhile, mucosal healing (MH), as a key endoscopic and histological measurement closely associated with the severity of symptoms, has been proposed as primary outcome measures. With deeper comprehension of the mucosal microenvironment, stem cell niche, and underlying mucosal repair mechanisms, diverse potential strategies apart from monoclonal antibodies have been arising or undergoing clinical trials. Herein, we elucidate key steps or targets during the course of MH and review some promising treatment strategies capable of promoting MH in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingyan Shi
- Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Gaoxin Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ziyan Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Pehrsson M, de Rooij WE, Bay-Jensen AC, Karsdal MA, Mortensen JH, Bredenoord AJ. Extracellular matrix remodeling proteins as biomarkers for clinical assessment and treatment outcomes in eosinophilic esophagitis. BMC Gastroenterol 2023; 23:357. [PMID: 37845632 PMCID: PMC10577915 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-023-02977-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic progressive inflammatory disease of the esophagus, characterized by extracellular matrix remodeling and fibrotic stricture formation. Disease monitoring requires multiple re-endoscopies with esophageal biopsies. Hence non-invasive methods for determining tissue fibrosis and treatment efficacy are warranted. AIMS To investigate the ability of extracellular matrix proteins in serum as potential biomarkers of tissue remodeling and clinical, endoscopic, and histological disease outcomes in adult EoE patients. METHODS Protein-fingerprint assays were used to measure neo-epitope specific fragments of collagen remodeling, human-neutrophil elastase degraded calprotectin, and citrullinated or non-citrullinated vimentin in the serum of an adult EoE-cohort. Biomarker analysis, symptoms, endoscopic features and histological disease activity (eosinophils(eos) per high-power-field(hpf)) were evaluated at baseline and after six weeks of dietary intervention. RESULTS Patients with a baseline (Endoscopic Reference score) EREFS fibrosis subscore ≥ 2 presented with increased fibrolysis of cross-linked type III collagen (CTX-III) (p < 0.01), whereas low CTX-III levels were observed in patients achieving histological remission (< 15 eos/hpf) (vs. no histological remission (p < 0.05). Progression of endoscopic fibrosis after intervention was associated with increased levels of type-III (PRO-C3) and -VI collagen (PRO-C6) formation (all; p < 0.05). A baseline EREFS inflammatory subscore ≥ 2 correlated with higher neutrophilic activity (Cpa9-HNE) at week 6 (p < 0.05). Moreover, increased degradation of type-III (C3M) and -IV (C4M/PRO-C4) collagens were associated with remission of food impaction after intervention (all; p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Serum extracellular matrix remodeling proteins demonstrated potential as surrogate biomarkers for assessing histological disease remission, endoscopic fibrosis, and remission of symptoms of food impaction after diet intervention in adult EoE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Pehrsson
- Biomarkers and Research, Nordic Bioscience A/S, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Willemijn E de Rooij
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| | | | | | | | - Albert Jan Bredenoord
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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7
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Porras AM, Zhou H, Shi Q, Xiao X, Longman R, Brito IL. Inflammatory Bowel Disease-Associated Gut Commensals Degrade Components of the Extracellular Matrix. mBio 2022; 13:e0220122. [PMID: 36445085 PMCID: PMC9765649 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02201-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling has emerged as a key feature of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and ECM fragments have been proposed as markers of clinical disease severity. Recent studies report increased protease activity in the gut microbiota of IBD patients. Nonetheless, the relationship between gut microbiota and ECM remodeling has remained unexplored. We hypothesized that members of the human gut microbiome could degrade the host ECM and that bacteria-driven remodeling, in turn, could enhance colonic inflammation. Through a variety of in vitro assays, we first confirmed that multiple bacterial species found in the human gut are capable of degrading specific ECM components. Clinical stool samples obtained from ulcerative colitis patients also exhibited higher levels of proteolytic activity in vitro, compared to those of their healthy counterparts. Furthermore, culture supernatants from bacteria species that are capable of degrading human ECM accelerated inflammation in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis. Finally, we identified several of the bacterial proteases and carbohydrate degrading enzymes (CAZymes) that are potentially responsible for ECM degradation in vitro. Some of these protease families and CAZymes were also found in increased abundance in a metagenomic cohort of IBD. These results demonstrate that some commensal bacteria in the gut are indeed capable of degrading components of human ECM in vitro and suggest that this proteolytic activity may be involved in the progression of IBD. A better understanding of the relationship between nonpathogenic gut microbes, host ECM, and inflammation could be crucial to elucidating some of the mechanisms underlying host-bacteria interactions in IBD and beyond. IMPORTANCE Healthy gut epithelial cells form a barrier that keeps bacteria and other substances from entering the blood or tissues of the body. Those cells sit on scaffolding that maintains the structure of the gut and informs our immune system about the integrity of this barrier. In patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), breaks are formed in this cellular barrier, and bacteria gain access to the underlying tissue and scaffolding. In our study, we discovered that bacteria that normally reside in the gut can modify and disassemble the underlying scaffolding. Additionally, we discovered that changes to this scaffolding affect the onset of IBD in mouse models of colitis as well as the abilities of these mice to recover. We propose that this new information will reveal how breaks in the gut wall lead to IBD and will open up new avenues by which to treat patients with IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Maria Porras
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Hao Zhou
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Qiaojuan Shi
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Xieyue Xiao
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - JRI Live Cell Bank
- Jill Roberts Institute for IBD Research, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Randy Longman
- Jill Roberts Institute for IBD Research, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ilana Lauren Brito
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
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Domislovic V, Høg Mortensen J, Lindholm M, Kaarsdal MA, Brinar M, Barisic A, Manon-Jensen T, Krznaric Z. Inflammatory Biomarkers of Extracellular Matrix Remodeling and Disease Activity in Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11195907. [PMID: 36233775 PMCID: PMC9572110 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11195907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) homeostasis is highly affected in active inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aim of the study was to investigate serological biomarkers of type III, IV, and V collagen degradation and formation, and their association with disease activity in IBD. ECM remodeling serum biomarkers were measured in 162 IBD patients, 110 with Crohn’s disease (CD) and 52 with ulcerative colitis (UC), and in 29 healthy donors. Biomarkers of type III collagen degradation (C3M) and formation (PRO-C3), type IV collagen degradation (C4M) and formation (PRO-C4), and type V collagen formation (PRO-C5) were measured using ELISA. Inflammatory activity was assessed using endoscopic, clinical, and biochemical activity indices. The highest diagnostic value was identified in discriminating endoscopically moderate to severe disease in CD (PRO-C3, C3M/PRO-C3, and C4M with AUC of 0.70, 0.73, and 0.69, respectively) and UC (C3M, C3M/PRO-C3, and C4M with AUC of 0.86, 0.80, and 0.76, respectively). C4M and C3M/PRO-C3 in combination yielded AUC of 0.93 (0.66–0.90) in CD and 0.94 (0.65–0.99) in UC. This study confirmed that ECM remodeling reflected disease activity in CD and UC. A combination of C4M, C3M, and PRO-C3 biomarkers may potentially be considered as a biomarker differentiating moderate to severe endoscopic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Domislovic
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Center Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-992815000
| | | | - Majken Lindholm
- Biomarkers and Research, Nordic Bioscience A/S, 2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | | | - Marko Brinar
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Center Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ana Barisic
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Center Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tina Manon-Jensen
- Biomarkers and Research, Nordic Bioscience A/S, 2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | - Zeljko Krznaric
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Center Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Bacterial Involvement in Progression and Metastasis of Adenocarcinoma of the Stomach. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194886. [PMID: 36230809 PMCID: PMC9562638 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Infectious bacteria influence primary gastric carcinogenesis, organotropism, and metastatic progression by altering the microenvironment at the primary and secondary tumors. Key species include Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and Mycoplasma hyorhinis (M. hyorhinis). Inflammation caused by H. pylori virulence factors, such as CagA, VacA, and oipA, disrupt epithelial integrity, which allows the primary tumor to progress through the metastatic process. Evidence supports the activation of aquaporin-5 by CagA-positive H. pylori infection, promoting epithelial–mesenchymal transition via the extracellular signal-regulated kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK/ERK) pathway, thus laying the foundation for metastatic disease. M. hyorhinis has also been implicated in gastric neoplasia via β-catenin stabilization and subsequent activation of the WNT-signaling pathway, promoting gastric cancer cell motility and inciting cancer progression. Abstract Gastric cancer metastasis is a process in which the tumor microenvironment may carry significant influence. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is well-established as a contributor to gastric carcinoma. However, the role that these bacteria and others may play in gastric carcinoma metastasis is a current focus of study. A review of the literature was conducted to elucidate the process by which gastric adenocarcinoma metastasizes, including its ability to utilize both the lymphatic system and the venous system to disseminate. Studies that investigate the tumor microenvironment at both the primary and secondary sites were assessed in detail. H. pylori and Mycoplasma hyorhinis (M. hyorhinis) were found to be important drivers of the pathogenesis of gastric adenocarcinoma by modifying various steps in cell metastasis, including epithelial–mesenchymal transition, cell migration, and cell invasion. H. pylori is also a known driver of MALT lymphoma, which is often reversible simply with the eradication of infection. M. hyorhinis has been implicated in gastric neoplasia via β-catenin stabilization and subsequent activation of the WNT-signaling pathway, promoting gastric cancer cell motility and inciting cancer progression. Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) and its association with worse prognosis in diffuse-type gastric adenocarcinoma are also reviewed. Recognition of the roles that bacteria play within the metastatic cascade is vital in gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma treatment and potential reoccurrence. Further investigation is needed to establish potential treatment for metastatic gastric carcinoma by targeting the tumor microenvironment.
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10
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Lindholm M, Di Sabatino A, Manon-Jensen T, Mazza G, Madsen GI, Giuffrida P, Pinzani M, Krag A, Karsdal MA, Kjeldsen J, Mortensen JH. A Serological Biomarker of Laminin Gamma 1 Chain Degradation Reflects Altered Basement Membrane Remodeling in Crohn's Disease and DSS Colitis. Dig Dis Sci 2022; 67:3662-3671. [PMID: 34561759 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-021-07252-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The laminin gamma 1 chain (LMγ1) is abundant along the crypt-villus axis in the intestinal basement membrane. AIMS We investigated whether a serological biomarker of laminin degradation was associated with disease activity in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and in rats with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. METHODS Serum samples from CD patients (n = 43), healthy subjects (n = 19), and Sprague Dawley rats receiving 5-6% DSS water for five days and regular drinking water for 11 days were included in this study. The LG1M biomarker, a neo-epitope degradation fragment of the LMγ1 chain generated by matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9), was measured in serum to estimate the level of laminin degradation. RESULTS Serum LG1M was elevated in CD patients with active and inactive disease compared to healthy subjects (p < 0.0001). LG1M distinguished CD patients from healthy subjects, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.81 (p < 0.0001). Serum LG1M was decreased in DSS rats compared to controls 2 days after DSS withdrawal, and increased upon reversal of the disease. CONCLUSIONS Increased serum LG1M in active and inactive CD patients supports the evidence of altered LM expression in both inflamed and non-inflamed tissue. Moreover, lower LG1M levels in the early healing phase of DSS-induced colitis may reflect ongoing mucosal repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majken Lindholm
- Biomarkers and Research, Nordic Bioscience, Herlev hovedgade 205-207, 2730, Herlev, Denmark. .,Department of Medical Gastroenterology, University of Southern Denmark and Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Antonio Di Sabatino
- First Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Tina Manon-Jensen
- Biomarkers and Research, Nordic Bioscience, Herlev hovedgade 205-207, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Giuseppe Mazza
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College of London, London, UK
| | - Gunvor I Madsen
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Paolo Giuffrida
- First Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Massimo Pinzani
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College of London, London, UK
| | - Aleksander Krag
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, University of Southern Denmark and Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Morten A Karsdal
- Biomarkers and Research, Nordic Bioscience, Herlev hovedgade 205-207, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Jens Kjeldsen
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, University of Southern Denmark and Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Joachim H Mortensen
- Biomarkers and Research, Nordic Bioscience, Herlev hovedgade 205-207, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
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Bourgonje AR, Alexdottir MS, Otten AT, Loveikyte R, Bay‐Jensen A, Pehrsson M, van Dullemen HM, Visschedijk MC, Festen EAM, Weersma RK, Karsdal MA, Faber KN, Mortensen JH, Dijkstra G. Serological biomarkers of type I, III and IV collagen turnover are associated with the presence and future progression of stricturing and penetrating Crohn's disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2022; 56:675-693. [PMID: 35661188 PMCID: PMC9544881 DOI: 10.1111/apt.17063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased collagen remodelling is a key pathophysiological component underlying intestinal stricture and fistula development in Crohn's disease (CD). AIMS To investigate associations between serological biomarkers of collagen turnover and disease behaviour according to the Montreal classification in patients with CD. METHODS Serological biomarkers of type III/IV collagen formation (PRO-C3, PRO-C4) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) or granzyme-B (GrzB)-mediated type I, III, IV and VI collagen degradation (C1M, C3M, C4M, C4G, C6Ma3) were measured using neo-epitope protein fingerprint assays in 101 patients with CD (Montreal B1: n = 37; B2: n = 27; B3: n = 37) and 96 controls. Patients were followed up until their last outpatient visit to monitor stricturing/penetrating disease progression and recurrence and the occurrence of surgical interventions. RESULTS C1M, C3M and C4M were significantly reduced in patients with stricturing disease (Montreal B2) and accurately differentiated them from patients with either non-stricturing, non-penetrating (B1) or penetrating (B3) disease (all p < 0.001, multivariable analysis). Similarly, the type IV collagen formation/degradation (PRO-C4/C4M) ratio demonstrated high discriminative capacity (B1/B2: AUC = 0.90; B1/B3: AUC = 0.87, both p < 0.001, multivariable analysis). Prospectively, higher baseline levels of C1M and C4G were associated with an increased risk of penetrating disease progression (C4G: hazard ratio [HR] 1.71 [1.05-2.81], p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Elevated degradation of type I, III and IV collagen and excessive (relative) formation of type IV collagen strongly associates with stricturing CD. Type I and IV collagen fragments show predictive potential for the risk of penetrating disease progression. These biomarkers may become valuable tools for detection and prediction of stricturing and penetrating CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arno R. Bourgonje
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
| | | | - Antonius T. Otten
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
| | - Roberta Loveikyte
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
| | | | | | - Hendrik M. van Dullemen
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
| | - Marijn C. Visschedijk
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
| | - Eleonora A. M. Festen
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
| | - Rinse K. Weersma
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
| | | | - Klaas Nico Faber
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
| | | | - Gerard Dijkstra
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
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Alexdottir MS, Bourgonje AR, Karsdal MA, Pehrsson M, Loveikyte R, van Dullemen HM, Visschedijk MC, Festen EAM, Weersma RK, Faber KN, Dijkstra G, Mortensen JH. Serological Biomarkers of Extracellular Matrix Turnover and Neutrophil Activity Are Associated with Long-Term Use of Vedolizumab in Patients with Crohn's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158137. [PMID: 35897710 PMCID: PMC9329899 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Crohn’s disease (CD) is a relapsing-remitting inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract characterized by increased extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. The introduction of the α4β7-integrin inhibitor vedolizumab (VEDO) has improved disease management, although there is a high rate of primary non-response in patients with CD. We studied whether ECM biomarkers of neutrophil activity and mucosal damage could predict long-term response to VEDO in patients with CD. Serum levels of human neutrophil elastase (HNE)-derived fragments of calprotectin (CPa9-HNE), and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-derived fragments of type I (C1M), III (C3M), IV (C4M), and VI (C6Ma3) collagen, type III collagen formation (PRO-C3), basement membrane turnover (PRO-C4) and T-cell activity (C4G), were measured using protein fingerprint assays in patients with CD (n = 32) before VEDO therapy. Long-term response was defined as VEDO treatment of at least 12 months. CPa9-HNE was significantly increased at baseline in non-responders compared with responders (p < 0.05). C1M, C3M, C4M, C6Ma3, and PRO-C4 were also significantly increased at baseline in non-responders compared with responders (all p < 0.05). All biomarkers were associated with response to VEDO (all p < 0.05). To conclude, baseline levels of serum biomarkers for neutrophil activity and mucosal damage are linked to the pathology of CD, and are associated with long-term use of VEDO in patients with CD. Therefore, these biomarkers warrant further validation and could aid in therapeutic decision-making concerning vedolizumab therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta S. Alexdottir
- Biomarkers and Research, Nordic Bioscience, 2730 Herlev, Denmark; (M.A.K.); (M.P.); (J.H.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Arno R. Bourgonje
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.R.B.); (R.L.); (H.M.v.D.); (M.C.V.); (E.A.M.F.); (R.K.W.); (K.N.F.); (G.D.)
| | - Morten A. Karsdal
- Biomarkers and Research, Nordic Bioscience, 2730 Herlev, Denmark; (M.A.K.); (M.P.); (J.H.M.)
| | - Martin Pehrsson
- Biomarkers and Research, Nordic Bioscience, 2730 Herlev, Denmark; (M.A.K.); (M.P.); (J.H.M.)
| | - Roberta Loveikyte
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.R.B.); (R.L.); (H.M.v.D.); (M.C.V.); (E.A.M.F.); (R.K.W.); (K.N.F.); (G.D.)
| | - Hendrik M. van Dullemen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.R.B.); (R.L.); (H.M.v.D.); (M.C.V.); (E.A.M.F.); (R.K.W.); (K.N.F.); (G.D.)
| | - Marijn C. Visschedijk
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.R.B.); (R.L.); (H.M.v.D.); (M.C.V.); (E.A.M.F.); (R.K.W.); (K.N.F.); (G.D.)
| | - Eleonora A. M. Festen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.R.B.); (R.L.); (H.M.v.D.); (M.C.V.); (E.A.M.F.); (R.K.W.); (K.N.F.); (G.D.)
| | - Rinse K. Weersma
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.R.B.); (R.L.); (H.M.v.D.); (M.C.V.); (E.A.M.F.); (R.K.W.); (K.N.F.); (G.D.)
| | - Klaas Nico Faber
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.R.B.); (R.L.); (H.M.v.D.); (M.C.V.); (E.A.M.F.); (R.K.W.); (K.N.F.); (G.D.)
| | - Gerard Dijkstra
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.R.B.); (R.L.); (H.M.v.D.); (M.C.V.); (E.A.M.F.); (R.K.W.); (K.N.F.); (G.D.)
| | - Joachim H. Mortensen
- Biomarkers and Research, Nordic Bioscience, 2730 Herlev, Denmark; (M.A.K.); (M.P.); (J.H.M.)
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Alexdottir MS, Bourgonje AR, Karsdal MA, Pehrsson M, Loveikyte R, van Dullemen HM, Visschedijk MC, Festen EAM, Weersma RK, Faber KN, Dijkstra G, Mortensen JH. Serological Biomarkers of Intestinal Collagen Turnover Identify Early Response to Infliximab Therapy in Patients With Crohn's Disease. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:933872. [PMID: 35903311 PMCID: PMC9315105 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.933872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Crohn's disease (CD) is characterized by excessive protease activity and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. To date, 30-50% of patients experience non-response to anti-TNF-α treatment. This study aimed to assess whether serological biomarkers of ECM turnover could monitor or predict response to infliximab (IFX) induction therapy in patients with and without a surgical history. Methods Serum biomarkers of type I (C1M), III (C3M), IV (C4M), and VI (C6Ma3) collagen degradation, type III (PRO-C3) and VI (PRO-C6) collagen formation, basement membrane turnover (PRO-C4), and T-cell activity (C4G), were measured at baseline and week 14, in 63 patients with CD undergoing IFX induction therapy. Patients were stratified according to surgical history. Results C4M was elevated at baseline in responders with a surgical history (n = 10) and associated with response at baseline (P < 0.05). Additionally, C6Ma3, PRO-C3, and PRO-C6 were elevated at week 14 in responders compared with non-responders (n = 8) and could differentiate between the two groups (P < 0.05). Two biomarker ratios (C4M/C4G and PRO-C4/C4G) were elevated at week 14 in non-responders (n = 5) without a surgical history compared with responders (n = 40) and could differentiate between the response groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion Baseline levels of a serological biomarker for type IV collagen degradation associated with response to IFX induction therapy, and biomarkers of type III and VI collagen formation may be used to monitor response at the end of induction therapy in patients with a surgical history. Biomarker ratios of type IV collagen turnover demonstrated promising results in monitoring treatment response in patients without a surgical history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta S. Alexdottir
- Biomarkers and Research, Nordic Bioscience A/S, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Arno R. Bourgonje
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | | | - Martin Pehrsson
- Biomarkers and Research, Nordic Bioscience A/S, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Roberta Loveikyte
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Hendrik M. van Dullemen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Marijn C. Visschedijk
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Eleonora A. M. Festen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Rinse K. Weersma
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Klaas Nico Faber
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Gerard Dijkstra
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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Mortensen JH, Sinkeviciute D, Manon-Jensen T, Domislović V, McCall K, Thudium CS, Brinar M, Önnerfjord P, Goodyear CS, Krznarić Ž, Karsdal MA, Bay-Jensen AC. A Specific Calprotectin Neo-epitope [CPa9-HNE] in Serum from Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients Is Associated with Neutrophil Activity and Endoscopic Severity. J Crohns Colitis 2022; 16:1447-1460. [PMID: 35304895 PMCID: PMC9455793 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjac047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Endoscopy and the use of faecal calprotectin [faecal CP] are among the least-favoured methods for assessing disease activity by inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] patients; the handling/processing of faecal samples is also impractical. Therefore, we sought to develop a novel neo-epitope serum calprotectin enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA], CPa9-HNE, with the aim of quantifying neutrophil activity and neutrophil extracellular trap [NET]-osis and proposing a non-invasive method for monitoring disease activity in IBD patients. METHODS In vitro cleavage was performed by mixing calprotectin [S100A9/S100A8] with human neutrophil elastase [HNE], and a novel HNE-derived calprotectin neo-epitope [CPa9-HNE] was identified by mass spectrometry for ELISA development. The CPa9-HNE ELISA was quantified in supernatants from ex vivo activated neutrophils and serum samples from patients with ulcerative colitis [UC, n = 43], Crohn's disease [CD, n = 93], and healthy subjects [HS, n = 23]. For comparison, faecal CP and MRP8/14 biomarkers were also measured. RESULTS CPa9-HNE was specific for activated neutrophils ex vivo. Serum CPa9-HNE levels were 4-fold higher in CD [p <0.0001] and UC [p <0.0001] patients than in HS. CPa9-HNE correlated well with the Simple Endoscopic Score [SES]-CD score [r = 0.61, p <0.0001], MES [r = 0.46, p = 0.0141], and the full Mayo score [r = 0.52, p = 0.0013]. CPa9-HNE was able to differentiate between CD and UC patients in endoscopic remission and moderate/severe disease activity (CD: area under the curve [AUC] = 0.82 [p = 0.0003], UC: AUC = 0.87 [p = 0.0004]). The performance of CPa9-HNE was equipotent or slightly better than that of faecal CP. CONCLUSIONS Serum CPa9-HNE levels were highly associated with CD and UC patients. CPa9-HNE correlated with the SES-CD score and the full Mayo score, indicating a strong association with disease activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Høg Mortensen
- Corresponding author: Joachim Høg Mortensen, MSc, PhD, Nordic Bioscience A/S, Herlev, Denmark.
| | - Dovile Sinkeviciute
- Nordic Bioscience A/S, Herlev, Denmark,Lund University, Rheumatology and Molecular Skeletal Biology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Viktor Domislović
- Clinical Hospital Centre Zagreb, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Kathryn McCall
- University of Glasgow, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Marko Brinar
- Clinical Hospital Centre Zagreb, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Patrik Önnerfjord
- Lund University, Rheumatology and Molecular Skeletal Biology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Sweden
| | - Carl S Goodyear
- University of Glasgow, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Glasgow, UK
| | - Željko Krznarić
- Clinical Hospital Centre Zagreb, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zagreb, Croatia
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Ponomarenko OV, Sergeeva LN, Khristenko TA. METHODS FOR QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF COLLAGEN ACCUMULATION PROCESSES IN DAMAGED TRAUMATIC INTEGUMENTARY TISSUES. WIADOMOSCI LEKARSKIE (WARSAW, POLAND : 1960) 2022; 75:1331-1336. [PMID: 35758454 DOI: 10.36740/wlek202205219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim: To study the level of expression of type I, III collagen under conditions of traumatic damage to integumentary tissues and to develop quantitative criteria for collagen formation processes for choosing the volume of reconstruction of a wound defect. PATIENTS AND METHODS Materials and methods: Studies were performed for 62 victims. Clinical group 1 (n = 16) - patients with wound surface sizes of the body surface area, group 2 (n = 32) consisted of patients who received integumentary tissue defects due to or together with damage osteoarticular apparatus of the limb, group 3 (n = 14) - patients with combined trauma. RESULTS Results: In the skin samples of patients of groups 1 and 2 of the affected groups, a statistically significant difference was established between the indicators of the relative accumulation area of type I, type III collagen (W = 675, p = 0.01 and W = 697, p = 0.03, respectively). In patients of groups 2 and 3, when analyzing relationships, a direct moderate strength was observed between the areas of collagen deposition of type I, type III (rs = 0.52 and 0.54). Collagen deposition coefficient (Кd) was used as a quantitative criterion for assessing the prognosis of the results of restoration of integumentary tissues according to the proposed scale, which made it possible to obtain postoperative complications in only 3.2 % of cases. CONCLUSION Conclusions: A positive treatment result taking into account the quantitative criterion (Kd) was obtained in 96.8 % of the examined patients.
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Karsdal MA, Genovese F, Rasmussen DGK, Bay-Jensen AC, Mortensen JH, Holm Nielsen S, Willumsen N, Jensen C, Manon-Jensen T, Jennings L, Reese-Petersen AL, Henriksen K, Sand JM, Bager C, Leeming DJ. Considerations for understanding protein measurements: Identification of formation, degradation and more pathological relevant epitopes. Clin Biochem 2021; 97:11-24. [PMID: 34453894 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2021.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There is a need for precision medicine and an unspoken promise of an optimal approach for identification of the right patients for value-based medicine based on big data. However, there may be a misconception that measurement of proteins is more valuable than measurement of fewer selected biomarkers. In population-based research, variation may be somewhat eliminated by quantity. However, this fascination of numbers may limit the attention to and understanding of the single. This review highlights that protein measurements (with collagens as examples) may mean different things depending on the targeted epitope - formation or degradation of tissues, and even signaling potential of proteins. DESIGN AND METHODS PubMed was searched for collagen, neo-epitope, biomarkers. RESULTS Ample examples of assays with specific epitopes, either pathological such as HbA1c, or domain specific such as pro-peptides, which total protein arrays would not have identified were evident. CONCLUSIONS We suggest that big data may be considered as the funnel of data points, in which most important parameters will be selected. If the technical precision is low or the biological accuracy is limited, and we include suboptimal quality of biomarkers, disguised as big data, we may not be able to fulfill the promise of helping patients searching for the optimal treatment. Alternatively, if the technical precision of the total protein quantification is high, but we miss the functional domains with the most considerable biological meaning, we miss the most important and valuable information of a given protein. This review highlights that measurements of the same protein in different ways may provide completely different meanings. We need to understand the pathological importance of each epitope quantified to maximize protein measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Karsdal
- Nordic Bioscience, Biomarkers & Research A/S, Herlev, Denmark.
| | - F Genovese
- Nordic Bioscience, Biomarkers & Research A/S, Herlev, Denmark
| | - D G K Rasmussen
- Nordic Bioscience, Biomarkers & Research A/S, Herlev, Denmark
| | - A C Bay-Jensen
- Nordic Bioscience, Biomarkers & Research A/S, Herlev, Denmark
| | - J H Mortensen
- Nordic Bioscience, Biomarkers & Research A/S, Herlev, Denmark
| | - S Holm Nielsen
- Nordic Bioscience, Biomarkers & Research A/S, Herlev, Denmark
| | - N Willumsen
- Nordic Bioscience, Biomarkers & Research A/S, Herlev, Denmark
| | - C Jensen
- Nordic Bioscience, Biomarkers & Research A/S, Herlev, Denmark
| | - T Manon-Jensen
- Nordic Bioscience, Biomarkers & Research A/S, Herlev, Denmark
| | | | | | - K Henriksen
- Nordic Bioscience, Biomarkers & Research A/S, Herlev, Denmark
| | - J M Sand
- Nordic Bioscience, Biomarkers & Research A/S, Herlev, Denmark
| | - C Bager
- Nordic Bioscience, Biomarkers & Research A/S, Herlev, Denmark
| | - D J Leeming
- Nordic Bioscience, Biomarkers & Research A/S, Herlev, Denmark
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Stürzl M, Kunz M, Krug SM, Naschberger E. Angiocrine Regulation of Epithelial Barrier Integrity in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:643607. [PMID: 34409045 PMCID: PMC8365087 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.643607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease describes chronic inflammatory disorders. The incidence of the disease is rising. A major step in disease development is the breakdown of the epithelial cell barrier. Numerous blood vessels are directly located underneath this barrier. Diseased tissues are heavily vascularized and blood vessels significantly contribute to disease progression. The gut-vascular barrier (GVB) is an additional barrier controlling the entry of substances into the portal circulation and to the liver after passing the first epithelial barrier. The presence of the GVB rises the question, whether the vascular and endothelial barriers may communicate bi-directionally in the regulation of selective barrier permeability. Communication from epithelial to endothelial cells is well-accepted. In contrast, little is known on the respective backwards communication. Only recently, perfusion-independent angiocrine functions of endothelial cells were recognized in a way that endothelial cells release specific soluble factors that may directly act on the epithelial barrier. This review discusses the putative involvement of angiocrine inter-barrier communication in the pathogenesis of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Stürzl
- Division of Molecular and Experimental Surgery, Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Meik Kunz
- Chair of Medical Informatics, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU) of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, and Fraunhofer Institute of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Susanne M. Krug
- Clinical Physiology/Nutritional Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Naschberger
- Division of Molecular and Experimental Surgery, Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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18
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Lindholm M, Godskesen LE, Manon-Jensen T, Kjeldsen J, Krag A, Karsdal MA, Mortensen JH. Endotrophin and C6Ma3, serological biomarkers of type VI collagen remodelling, reflect endoscopic and clinical disease activity in IBD. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14713. [PMID: 34282237 PMCID: PMC8289827 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94321-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), the chronic inflammation deeply affects the intestinal extracellular matrix. The aim of this study was to investigate if remodeling of the intestinal basement membrane type VI collagen was associated with pathophysiological changes in Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Serum from IBD patients (CD: n = 65; UC: n = 107; irritable bowel syndrome: n = 18; healthy subjects: n = 20) was investigated in this study. The serological biomarkers C6Ma3 (a matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) generated fragment of the type VI collagen α3 chain) and PRO-C6, also called endotrophin (the C-terminus of the released C5 domain of the type VI collagen α3 chain) were measured by ELISAs. Serum C6Ma3 was increased in CD patients with moderate to severe and mild endoscopically active disease compared to endoscopic remission (p = 0.002, p = 0.0048), respectively, and could distinguish endoscopically active disease from remission with an AUC of 1.0 (sensitivity: 100%, specificity: 100%) (p < 0.0001), which was superior to CRP. C6Ma3 was increased in CD patients with moderate to severe clinical disease compared to mild and remission (p = 0.04; p = 0.009). Serum PRO-C6, endotrophin, was increased in CD patients in clinically remission compared to mild disease (p = 0.04) and moderate to severe disease (p = 0.065). In UC, fecal calprotectin was the only marker that alone could distinguish both clinical and endoscopic active and inactive disease. Type VI collagen degradation of the α3 chain mediated by MMPs was increased in CD patients with endoscopically active disease, measured by the serological biomarker C6Ma3, which was able to distinguish endoscopically active from inactive CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majken Lindholm
- Biomarkers and Research, Nordic Bioscience, Herlev Hovedgade 205-207, 2730, Herlev, Denmark. .,Department of Medical Gastroenterology, University of Southern Denmark and Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Line E Godskesen
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, University of Southern Denmark and Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Tina Manon-Jensen
- Biomarkers and Research, Nordic Bioscience, Herlev Hovedgade 205-207, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Jens Kjeldsen
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, University of Southern Denmark and Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Aleksander Krag
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, University of Southern Denmark and Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Morten A Karsdal
- Biomarkers and Research, Nordic Bioscience, Herlev Hovedgade 205-207, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Joachim H Mortensen
- Biomarkers and Research, Nordic Bioscience, Herlev Hovedgade 205-207, 2730, Herlev, Denmark.
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Manon‐Jensen T, Sun S, Lindholm M, Domislović V, Giuffrida P, Brinar M, Mazza G, Pinzani M, Krznarić Z, Di Sabatino A, Karsdal MA, Mortensen JH. Elevated ectodomain of type 23 collagen is a novel biomarker of the intestinal epithelium to monitor disease activity in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. United European Gastroenterol J 2021; 9:268-278. [PMID: 33351719 PMCID: PMC8259268 DOI: 10.1177/2050640620977371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impaired intestinal epithelial barrier is highly affected in inflammatory bowel disease. Transmembrane collagens connecting the epithelial cells to the extracellular matrix have an important role in epithelial cell homeostasis. Thus, we sought to determine whether the transmembrane type 23 collagen could serve as a surrogate marker for disease activity in patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. METHODS We developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect the ectodomain of type 23 collagen (PRO-C23) in serum, followed by evaluation of its levels in both acute and chronic dextran sulphate sodium colitis models in rats and human inflammatory bowel disease cohorts. Serum from 44 Crohn's disease and 29 ulcerative colitis patients with active and inactive disease was included. RESULTS In the acute and chronic dextran sulphate sodium-induced rat colitis model, the PRO-C23 serum levels were significantly increased after colitis and returned to normal levels after disease remission. Serum levels of PRO-C23 were elevated in Crohn's disease (p < 0.05) and ulcerative colitis (p < 0.001) patients with active disease compared to healthy donors. PRO-C23 differentiated healthy donors from ulcerative colitis (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.81, p = 0.0009) and Crohn's disease (AUC: 0.70, p = 0.0124). PRO-C23 differentiated ulcerative colitis patients with active disease from those in remission (AUC: 0.75, p = 0.0219) and Crohn's disease patients with active disease from those in remission (AUC: 0.68, p = 0.05). CONCLUSION PRO-C23 was elevated in rats with active colitis, and inflammatory bowel disease patients with active disease. Therefore, PRO-C23 may be used as a surrogate marker for monitoring disease activity in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Manon‐Jensen
- Institute for Liver and Digestive HealthUniversity College of LondonLondonUK
| | - S. Sun
- Institute for Liver and Digestive HealthUniversity College of LondonLondonUK
| | - M. Lindholm
- Institute for Liver and Digestive HealthUniversity College of LondonLondonUK
| | - V. Domislović
- Biomarkers and ResearchNordic BioscienceHerlevDenmark
| | - P. Giuffrida
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyClinical Hospital CentreZagrebCroatia
| | - M. Brinar
- Biomarkers and ResearchNordic BioscienceHerlevDenmark
| | - G. Mazza
- First Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly
| | - M. Pinzani
- First Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly
| | - Z. Krznarić
- Biomarkers and ResearchNordic BioscienceHerlevDenmark
| | - A. Di Sabatino
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyClinical Hospital CentreZagrebCroatia
- First Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly
| | - M. A. Karsdal
- Institute for Liver and Digestive HealthUniversity College of LondonLondonUK
| | - J. H. Mortensen
- Institute for Liver and Digestive HealthUniversity College of LondonLondonUK
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The Citrullinated and MMP-degraded Vimentin Biomarker (VICM) Predicts Early Response to Anti-TNFα Treatment in Crohn's Disease. J Clin Gastroenterol 2021; 55:59-66. [PMID: 32301833 DOI: 10.1097/mcg.0000000000001341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Crohn's disease (CD), 10% to 40% of patients do not respond to anti-tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) treatment. Currently, there are no biomarkers with adequate sensitivity to separate responders from nonresponders at an early stage. AIM The aim of this study was to investigated whether early changes in the VICM (citrullinated and matrix metalloproteinase-degraded vimentin) biomarker were associated with response to anti-TNFα treatment in patients with CD. METHODS Serum VICM levels were measured by ELISA in 2 independent cohorts of CD patients (n=42) treated with anti-TNFα (infliximab or adalimumab). Response was determined by achieving clinical remission (Harvey Bradshaw Index<5). RESULTS Compared with baseline, VICM serum levels were reduced by anti-TNFα in the infliximab cohort (week 6 and 14) and in the adalimumab cohort (week 8). VICM was lower in the responders compared with the nonresponders [infliximab: week 6, P<0.05; area under the curve (AUC)=0.90; adalimumab: week 1, P<0.01 (AUC=0.91), and week 8, P<0.05 (AUC=0.86)], and were able to predict response to treatment after 1 week of treatment with an odds ratio of 42.5. CONCLUSIONS The VICM biomarker was time dependently reduced in CD patients responding to anti-TNFα treatment. We suggest that VICM may be used as a marker for monitoring early response to anti-TNFα in patients with CD.
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Porter AC, Aubrecht J, Birch C, Braun J, Cuff C, Dasgupta S, Gale JD, Hinton R, Hoffmann SC, Honig G, Linggi B, Schito M, Casteele NV, Sauer JM. Biomarkers of Crohn's Disease to Support the Development of New Therapeutic Interventions. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2020; 26:1498-1508. [PMID: 32840322 PMCID: PMC7500523 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izaa215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, 2 coprimary end points are used by health authorities to determine the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions in patients with Crohn's disease (CD): symptomatic remission (patient-reported outcome assessment) and endoscopic remission (ileocolonoscopy). However, there is lack of accepted biomarkers to facilitate regulatory decision-making in the development of novel therapeutics for the treatment of CD. METHODS With support from the Helmsley Charitable Trust, Critical Path Institute formed the Crohn's Disease Biomarkers preconsortium (CDBpC) with members from the pharmaceutical industry, academia, and nonprofit organizations to evaluate the CD biomarker landscape. Biomarkers were evaluated based on biological relevance, availability of biomarker assays, and clinical validation data. RESULTS The CDBpC identified the most critical need as pharmacodynamic/response biomarkers to monitor disease activity in response to therapeutic intervention. Fecal calprotectin (FC) and serum C-reactive protein (CRP) were identified as biomarkers ready for the regulatory qualification process. A number of exploratory biomarkers and potential panels of these biomarkers was also identified for additional development. Given the different factors involved in CD and disease progression, a combination of biomarkers, including inflammatory, tissue injury, genetic, and microbiome-associated biomarkers, will likely have the most utility. CONCLUSIONS The primary focus of the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Regulatory Science Consortium will be development of exploratory biomarkers and the qualification of FC and CRP for IBD. The Inflammatory Bowel Disease Regulatory Science Consortium, focused on tools to support IBD drug development, will operate in the precompetitive space to share data, biological samples for biomarker testing, and assay information for novel biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jeremy D Gale
- Pfizer Worldwide, Research, Development and Medical, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Robert Hinton
- The David R Clare and Margaret C Clare Foundation, Morristown, NJ, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Niels Vande Casteele
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, CA, USA,Robarts Clinical Trials Inc., London, ON, Canada
| | - John-Michael Sauer
- Critical Path Institute, AZ, USA,Address correspondence to: John-Michael Sauer, Critical Path Institute, 1730 E. River Rd Suite 200, Tucson, Arizona 85718, USA. E-mail:
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Zhang D, Pan J, Zhou H, Cao Y. Evidence from ileum and liver transcriptomes of resistance to high-salt and water-deprivation conditions in camel. ZOOLOGICAL LETTERS 2020; 6:8. [PMID: 32518679 PMCID: PMC7275387 DOI: 10.1186/s40851-020-00159-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Camels have evolved various resistance characteristics adaptive to their desert habitats. In the present study, we used high-throughput sequencing to investigate stress-induced alternative splicing events as well as different genes involved in resistance to water deprivation and salt absorption in the ileum and liver in Camelus bactrianus. Through association analyses of mRNA, miRNA and lncRNA, we sought to explicate how camels respond to high salt and water scarcity conditions. There were two modes by which genes driven by alternative splicing were enriched to molecular functions, invoking of which was potentially fixed by organ and stress types. With qRT-PCR detection, the differentially expressed MUC6, AQP5, LOC105076960, PKP4, CDH11, TENM1, SDS, LOC105061856, PLIN2 and UPP2 were screened as functionally important genes, along with miR-29b, miR-484, miR-362-5p, miR-96, miR-195, miR-128 and miR-148a. These genes contributed to cellular stress resistance, for instance by reducing water loss, inhibiting excessive import of sodium, improving protective barriers and sodium ion homeostasis, and maintaining uridine content. The underlying competing endogenous RNAs referred to LNC001664, let-7e and LOC105076960 mRNA in ileum, and LNC001438, LNC003417, LNC001770, miR-199c and TENM1 mRNA in liver. Besides competent interpretation to resistance, there may be inspirations for curing human diseases triggered by high-salt intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 306 Zhaowuda Road, Hohhot, 010018 P.R. China
| | - Jing Pan
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 306 Zhaowuda Road, Hohhot, 010018 P.R. China
| | - Huanmin Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 306 Zhaowuda Road, Hohhot, 010018 P.R. China
| | - Yu Cao
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 306 Zhaowuda Road, Hohhot, 010018 P.R. China
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin, 301617 P.R. China
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Yang C, Merlin D. Nanoparticle-Mediated Drug Delivery Systems For The Treatment Of IBD: Current Perspectives. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:8875-8889. [PMID: 32009785 PMCID: PMC6859086 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s210315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which mainly consists of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, is a chronic and relapsing inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal tract. The traditional treatment strategies relied on frequent administration of high dosages of medications, including antibiotics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, biologics, and immunomodulators, with the goal of reducing inflammation. Some of these medications were effective in alleviating the early-stage inflammatory symptoms, but their long-term efficacies were compromised by the accumulation of toxicities. Recently, nanoparticle (NP)-based drugs have been widely studied for their potential to solve such problems. Various mechanisms/strategies, including size-, charge-, pH-, pressure-, degradation-, ligand-receptor-, and microbiome- dependent drug delivery systems, have been exploited in preclinical studies. A certain number of NP delivery systems have sought to target drugs to the inflamed intestine. Although several NP-based drugs have entered clinical trials for the treatment of IBD, most have failed due to premature drug release, weak targeting ability, and the high immune toxicity of some of the synthetic nanomaterials that have been used to fabricate the NPs. Therefore, there is still a need for rationally designed and stable NP drug delivery system that can specifically target drugs to the disease site, prolong the drug’s residence time, and minimize systemic side effects. This review will analyze the current state of the art in NP-mediated drug delivery for IBD treatment. We will focus on topics such as deliverable targets (at the tissue or cellular level) for treating inflammation; the target-homing NP materials that can interact with such targets; and the major administration routes for treating IBD. These discussions will integrate notable trends in the research and development of IBD medications, including multi-responsive NP-mediated delivery and naturally-derived targeting NPs. Finally, current challenges and future directions will be presented in the hopes of advancing the study of NP-mediated strategies for treating IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Yang
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Digestive Disease Research Group, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA
| | - Didier Merlin
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Digestive Disease Research Group, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA.,Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA 30033, USA
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Mortensen JH, Lindholm M, Langholm LL, Kjeldsen J, Bay-Jensen AC, Karsdal MA, Manon-Jensen T. The intestinal tissue homeostasis - the role of extracellular matrix remodeling in inflammatory bowel disease. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 13:977-993. [PMID: 31587588 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2019.1673729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling of the intestinal tissue is important in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) due to the extensive mucosal remodeling. There are still gaps in our knowledge as to how ECM remodeling is related to intestinal epithelium homeostasis and healing of the intestinal mucosa.Areas covered: The aim of this review is to highlight the importance of the ECM in relation to the pathogenesis of IBD, while addressing basement membrane and interstitial matrix remodeling, and the processes of wound healing of the intestinal tissue in IBD.Expert opinion: In IBD, basement membrane remodeling may reflect the integrity of the intestinal epithelial-cell homeostasis. The interstitial matrix remodeling is associated with deep inflammation such as the transmural inflammation as seen in fistulas and intestinal fibrosis leading to fibrostenotic strictures, in patients with CD. The interplay between wound healing processes and ECM remodeling also affects the tissue homeostasis in IBD. The interstitial matrix, produced by fibroblasts, holds a very different biology as compared to the epithelial basement membrane in IBD. In combination with integration of wound healing, quantifying the interplay between damage and repair to these sub compartments may provide essential information in IBD patient profiling, mucosal healing and disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Mortensen
- Nordic Bioscience A/S, Biomarkers & Research, Herlev, Denmark
| | - M Lindholm
- Nordic Bioscience A/S, Biomarkers & Research, Herlev, Denmark.,Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Odense University hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - L L Langholm
- Nordic Bioscience A/S, Biomarkers & Research, Herlev, Denmark
| | - J Kjeldsen
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Odense University hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - A C Bay-Jensen
- Nordic Bioscience A/S, Biomarkers & Research, Herlev, Denmark
| | - M A Karsdal
- Nordic Bioscience A/S, Biomarkers & Research, Herlev, Denmark
| | - T Manon-Jensen
- Nordic Bioscience A/S, Biomarkers & Research, Herlev, Denmark
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