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Tomaselli L, Sciullo M, Fulton S, Yates BJ, Fisher LE, Ventura V, Horn CC. Isoflurane anesthesia suppresses gastric myoelectric power in the ferret. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2024; 36:e14749. [PMID: 38316631 PMCID: PMC10922358 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.14749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric myoelectric signals have been the focus of extensive research; although it is unclear how general anesthesia affects these signals, and studies have often been conducted under general anesthesia. Here, we explore this issue directly by recording gastric myoelectric signals during awake and anesthetized states in the ferret and explore the contribution of behavioral movement to observed changes in signal power. METHODS Ferrets were surgically implanted with electrodes to record gastric myoelectric activity from the serosal surface of the stomach, and, following recovery, were tested in awake and isoflurane-anesthetized conditions. Video recordings were also analyzed during awake experiments to compare myoelectric activity during behavioral movement and rest. KEY RESULTS A significant decrease in gastric myoelectric signal power was detected under isoflurane anesthesia compared to the awake condition. Moreover, a detailed analysis of the awake recordings indicates that behavioral movement is associated with increased signal power compared to rest. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES These results suggest that both general anesthesia and behavioral movement can affect the signal power of gastric myoelectric recordings. In summary, caution should be taken in studying myoelectric data collected under anesthesia. Further, behavioral movement could have an important modulatory role on these signals, affecting their interpretation in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Tomaselli
- Department of Statistics & Data Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Michael Sciullo
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Stephanie Fulton
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Bill J. Yates
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Dept. of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lee E. Fisher
- Rehab Neural Engineering Labs, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Valérie Ventura
- Department of Statistics & Data Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Neuroscience Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Charles C. Horn
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Niang LY, Heckroth M, Mathur P, Abell TL. Gastroparesis syndromes: emerging drug targets and potential therapeutic opportunities. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2023; 32:245-262. [PMID: 36872904 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2023.2186222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gastroparesis (Gp) and related disorders such as chronic unexplained nausea and vomiting and functional dyspepsia, known as gastropareis syndromes (GpS), have large unmet needs. Mainstays of GpS treatments are diet and drugs. AREAS COVERED The purpose of this review is to explore potential new medications and other therapies for gastroparesis. Before discussing possible new drugs, the currently used drugs are discussed. These include dopamine receptor antagonists, 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor agonists and antagonists, neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists and other anti-emetics. The article also considers future drugs that may be used for Gp, based on currently known pathophysiology. EXPERT OPINION Gaps in knowledge about the pathophysiology of gastroparesis and related syndromes are critical to developing therapeutic agents that will be successful. Recent major developments in the gastroparesis arena are related to microscopic anatomy, cellular function, and pathophysiology. The major challenges moving forward will be to develop the genetic and biochemical correlates of these major developments in gastroparesis research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Yu Niang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Matthew Heckroth
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Prateek Mathur
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Thomas L Abell
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
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