1
|
Perez-Garcia JM, Cortes J. The safety of eribulin for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2019; 18:347-355. [PMID: 31107111 DOI: 10.1080/14740338.2019.1608946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Eribulin mesylate is a highly potent anticancer agent approved for use in pretreated metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Clinical trials of eribulin in MBC have demonstrated activity against this tumor type, and a phase 3 study in patients with MBC previously treated with an anthracycline and a taxane showed a significant increase in overall survival (OS) with eribulin versus control regimens. Areas covered: This review presents overviews of the development of eribulin, its pharmacology, and its efficacy in MBC. A detailed review of its safety profile is presented, and the safety of eribulin is compared with other agents commonly used to treat MBC. Expert opinion: As eribulin is the only drug shown to improve OS in patients with pretreated MBC, it is an important treatment option for many patients. Eribulin is currently considered a second-line (Europe) or third-line (United States) therapy, and studies have been examining use in the first-line setting. The use of eribulin in combination with other therapies is beginning to be explored because its manageable safety profile makes it an ideal combination-treatment partner. Emerging eribulin combination-treatment data suggest a manageable toxicity profile, and eribulin is set to be a key drug for the treatment of MBC in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jose Manuel Perez-Garcia
- a Medica Scientia Innovation Research (MedSIR) , Barcelona , Spain.,b IOB Institute of Oncology, Quirónsalud Group , Madrid and Barcelona , Spain
| | - Javier Cortes
- a Medica Scientia Innovation Research (MedSIR) , Barcelona , Spain.,b IOB Institute of Oncology, Quirónsalud Group , Madrid and Barcelona , Spain.,c Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology , Barcelona , Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
O'Shaughnessy J, Kaklamani V, Kalinsky K. Perspectives on the mechanism of action and clinical application of eribulin for metastatic breast cancer. Future Oncol 2019; 15:1641-1653. [DOI: 10.2217/fon-2018-0936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Eribulin is a novel microtubule inhibitor with mitotic and nonmitotic mechanisms of action. Both pooled and subgroup analyses from large-scale Phase III clinical trials demonstrated that eribulin has substantial activity in patients with pretreated (anthracycline and a taxane) advanced or metastatic breast cancer. We review recent pharmacological and clinical findings pertaining to eribulin use in metastatic breast cancer – particularly highlighting eribulin in difficult-to-treat and aggressive disease, and safety data in specific patient populations. Additionally, recent advancements in our understanding of the mechanism of action of eribulin and potential future directions for its clinical development are discussed. Ongoing studies of eribulin in combination with immunotherapies and established cytotoxic agents may help shape the future landscape of breast cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joyce O'Shaughnessy
- Baylor University Medical Center, Texas Oncology, US Oncology, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Virginia Kaklamani
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tono Y, Ishihara M, Miyahara Y, Tamaru S, Oda H, Yamashita Y, Tawara I, Ikeda H, Shiku H, Mizuno T, Katayama N. Pertuzumab, trastuzumab and eribulin mesylate therapy for previously treated advanced HER2-positive breast cancer: a feasibility study with analysis of biomarkers. Oncotarget 2018; 9:14909-14921. [PMID: 29599915 PMCID: PMC5871086 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The standard treatment for advanced human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer is the triple combination of pertuzumab, trastuzumab and docetaxel, but some patients cannot tolerate taxane. To explore a non-taxane triple therapy, we conducted a feasibility study of pertuzumab, trastuzumab and eribulin mesylate (PTE) therapy for previously treated advanced HER2-positive breast cancer with analyses of quality of life and biomarkers. Ten patients were enrolled, two of whom had a history of docetaxel allergy. The median number of prior regimens was 3. The most common Grade 3 toxicities were leukopenia (70%) and neutropenia (70%). Grade 4 or 5 adverse events were not observed. An improving trend for the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast (FACT-B) score at 3 months was observed. Eight cases were included in the biomarker analysis. The peripheral CD8+ T cell/ CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) ratio was significantly increased (p = 0.039). The frequency of peripheral Tregs was associated with the trastuzumab trough concentration (p = 0.019). In a non-clinical analysis, Eribulin mesylate significantly inhibited Ser473 Akt phosphorylation in PIK3CA wild-type cells and mutated cells. These results suggest that PTE therapy is a feasible and promising option for advanced HER2-positive breast cancer. Further investigation is warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasutaka Tono
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 514-8507 Mie, Japan.,Department of Medical Oncology, Mie University Hospital, 514-8507 Mie, Japan
| | - Mikiya Ishihara
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mie University Hospital, 514-8507 Mie, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Miyahara
- Department of Immuno-Gene Therapy, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 514-8507 Mie, Japan
| | - Satoshi Tamaru
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mie University Hospital, 514-8507 Mie, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Oda
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mie University Hospital, 514-8507 Mie, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Yamashita
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mie University Hospital, 514-8507 Mie, Japan
| | - Isao Tawara
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 514-8507 Mie, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ikeda
- Department of Immuno-Gene Therapy, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 514-8507 Mie, Japan.,Department of Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 852-8523 Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shiku
- Department of Immuno-Gene Therapy, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 514-8507 Mie, Japan
| | - Toshiro Mizuno
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mie University Hospital, 514-8507 Mie, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Katayama
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 514-8507 Mie, Japan.,Department of Medical Oncology, Mie University Hospital, 514-8507 Mie, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Seetharam M, Kolla KR, Chawla SP. Eribulin therapy for the treatment of patients with advanced soft tissue sarcoma. Future Oncol 2018; 14:1531-1545. [PMID: 29411654 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2017-0461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Eribulin is a structurally simplified, synthetic macrocyclic ketone analog of halichondrin B, which is a natural, polyether macrolide derived from marine sponges. Eribulin exerts its cytotoxicity by its unique microtubule dynamics inhibitory action. Eribulin was approved in 2010 by the US FDA as a third-line therapy for metastatic breast cancer patients previously treated with an anthracycline and a taxane. In 2016, it was approved for treatment of metastatic liposarcoma for patients who have progressed with anthracycline treatment. In this article, we review the pharmacokinetics, mechanism of action of eribulin with focus on preclinical and clinical data in sarcoma and also the role of miRNAs in soft tissue sarcomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Seetharam
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ 85054, USA
| | - Kantha R Kolla
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ 85054, USA
| | - Sant P Chawla
- Sarcoma Oncology Center, Santa Monica, CA 90403, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Araki K, Fukada I, Yanagi H, Kobayashi K, Shibayama T, Horii R, Takahashi S, Akiyama F, Ohno S, Ito Y. First report of eribulin in combination with pertuzumab and trastuzumab for advanced HER2-positive breast cancer. Breast 2017; 35:78-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2017.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
|
6
|
Garrone O, Miraglio E, Vandone AM, Vanella P, Lingua D, Merlano MC. Eribulin in advanced breast cancer: safety, efficacy and new perspectives. Future Oncol 2017; 13:2759-2769. [PMID: 29219017 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2017-0283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Eribulin is a synthetic analog of halichondrin B belonging to microtubule-targeted agents with a distinct mechanism of inhibition of microtubule dynamics. This molecule has multiple nonmitotic effects on tumor biology, exhibiting effects on epithelial-mesenchimal transition and tumor vasculature. We review here preclinical and clinical studies on eribulin. The mitotic and nonmitotic effects together with its favorable safety profile make eribulin a unique drug with high potential in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. The new emphasis of eribulin mechanism of action on vascular remodeling, microenvironment modifications and reversal of epithelial-mesenchimal transition paves the way to rethinking the use of the drug in an immunological perspective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ornella Garrone
- Medical Oncology A.O. S. Croce e Carle Ospedale di Insegnamento, Cuneo, Italy
| | - Emanuela Miraglio
- Medical Oncology A.O. S. Croce e Carle Ospedale di Insegnamento, Cuneo, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Vandone
- Medical Oncology A.O. S. Croce e Carle Ospedale di Insegnamento, Cuneo, Italy
| | - Paola Vanella
- Medical Oncology A.O. S. Croce e Carle Ospedale di Insegnamento, Cuneo, Italy
| | - Daniele Lingua
- Medical Oncology A.O. S. Croce e Carle Ospedale di Insegnamento, Cuneo, Italy
| | - Marco C Merlano
- Medical Oncology A.O. S. Croce e Carle Ospedale di Insegnamento, Cuneo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Swami U, Shah U, Goel S. Eribulin in non-small cell lung cancer: challenges and potential strategies. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2017; 26:495-508. [DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2017.1292250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Umang Swami
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Umang Shah
- Department of Medical Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Sanjay Goel
- Department of Medical Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Saeki T, Araki K, Shimada K, Shigekawa T, Nakayama H, Segawa Y, Mukai H. Long-term combination chemotherapy using eribulin and trastuzumab for three patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive metastatic breast cancer. Int Cancer Conf J 2016; 5:178-182. [PMID: 31149450 PMCID: PMC6498262 DOI: 10.1007/s13691-016-0253-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The combination chemotherapy regimen of eribulin (ERI) and trastuzumab (TRA)—the ERI-TRA regimen—has been shown to be highly tolerable for patients with recurrent or metastatic human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer. However, no sufficient clinical evidence is available for the long-term safety profile of the regimen. We report on three patients in the Phase I combination study of the regimen, for whom the regimen could be conducted over the long term. Patient #1 was a 68-year-old woman and underwent the regimen until cycle 23. Patient #2 was a 61-year-old woman and underwent the regimen until cycle 27. Patient #3 was a 59-year-old woman and underwent the regimen until cycle 22. All these patients had undergone TRA-based combination therapy before the onset of the regimen. Any new categories of adverse events did not occur in association with the long-term combination chemotherapy. Neutropenia experienced by these patients was reversible and easily manageable by dose adjustment (interruption/delay and reduction). Neither increase in the risk of cardiomyopathy nor the worsening of peripheral neuropathy greater than grade 1 was found. The present regimen was suggested to be a novel chemotherapeutic option for patients with HER2-positive recurrent or metastatic breast cancer. The fact that the long-term ERI-TRA regimen was successfully conducted for these patients can be supplementary clinical information that is beneficial for clinical oncologists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Saeki
- 1Department of Breast Oncology, International Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, 1397-1, Yamane, Hidaka, Saitama, 350-1298 Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Araki
- 2Breast Medical Oncology, Breast Oncology Center, The Cancer Institute Hospital of JFCR, 3-8-31, Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-0141 Japan
| | - Ken Shimada
- 3Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Showa University Koto Toyosu Hospital, 5-1-38, Toyosu, Koto-Ku, Tokyo, 135-8577 Japan
| | - Takashi Shigekawa
- 1Department of Breast Oncology, International Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, 1397-1, Yamane, Hidaka, Saitama, 350-1298 Japan
| | - Hirofumi Nakayama
- 4Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital, 1-30, Fujigaoka, Aoba-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 227-8501 Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Segawa
- 5Department of Medical Oncology, International Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, 1397-1, Yamane, Hidaka, Saitama, 350-1298 Japan
| | - Hirofumi Mukai
- 6Department of Breast and Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8577 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Aseyev O, Ribeiro JM, Cardoso F. Review on the clinical use of eribulin mesylate for the treatment of breast cancer. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2016; 17:589-600. [DOI: 10.1517/14656566.2016.1146683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
10
|
OSAKO TOMOFUMI, NISHIMURA REIKI, NISHIYAMA YASUYUKI, FUJISUE MAMIKO. Pertuzumab for the treatment of patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer in Japan. Mol Clin Oncol 2015; 3:1268-1274. [PMID: 26807231 PMCID: PMC4665969 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2015.640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pertuzumab, a novel anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) agent, is effective for metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer when used in combination with taxane and trastuzumab. The aim of the present study was to describe the use of pertuzumab in Japan. A phase I clinical trial of pertuzumab for HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer was first conducted in the United States in 2001 (study ID no. TOC2297g) and for HER2-positive solid cancers in Japan in 2004 (study ID no. JO17076). However, Japanese patients were not enrolled in a global phase II trial for metastatic breast cancer (study ID no. BO17929) and no phase II trial of pertuzumab for Japanese patients has yet been conducted. A phase III trial on pertuzumab for metastatic breast cancer (CLEOPATRA study), which included 53 Japanese patients, revealed that pertuzumab significantly prolonged progression-free and overall survival. However, the superiority of the pertuzumab group was not verified in the subgroup analysis of Japanese patients, which was not a preplanned analysis. Therefore, a postmarketing clinical trial for Japanese patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (COMACHI study) was initiated in November, 2013, to investigate the clinical effectiveness of pertuzumab in Japanese patients. As of December, 2014, global trials on pertuzumab in the metastatic and adjuvant settings are currently ongoing. These trials included Japanese patients with HER2-positive breast cancer. Pertuzumab was approved in Japan in August, 2013 due to the positive findings of the CLEOPATRA study. Unlike the United States and Europe, the Japanes Pharmaceutical and Medical Devices Agency approved the administration of pertuzumab as second- or later-line treatment for HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer, as well as first-line treatment. Furthermore, pertuzumab may be used in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents, with the exception of docetaxel. The approval of the expanded use of pertuzumab is likely to accelerate the market penetration of pertuzumab in Japan more quickly compared with other countries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- TOMOFUMI OSAKO
- Department of Breast Oncology, Kumamoto Shinto General Hospital, Kumamoto, Kumamoto 862-8655, Japan
| | - REIKI NISHIMURA
- Department of Breast Oncology, Kumamoto Shinto General Hospital, Kumamoto, Kumamoto 862-8655, Japan
| | - YASUYUKI NISHIYAMA
- Department of Breast Oncology, Kumamoto Shinto General Hospital, Kumamoto, Kumamoto 862-8655, Japan
| | - MAMIKO FUJISUE
- Department of Breast Oncology, Kumamoto Shinto General Hospital, Kumamoto, Kumamoto 862-8655, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Swami U, Shah U, Goel S. Eribulin in Cancer Treatment. Mar Drugs 2015; 13:5016-58. [PMID: 26262627 PMCID: PMC4557013 DOI: 10.3390/md13085016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Revised: 07/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Halichondrin B is a complex, natural, polyether macrolide derived from marine sponges. Eribulin is a structurally-simplified, synthetic, macrocyclic ketone analogue of Halichondrin B. Eribulin was approved by United States Food and Drug Administration in 2010 as a third-line therapy for metastatic breast cancer patients who have previously been treated with an anthracycline and a taxane. It has a unique microtubule dynamics inhibitory action. Phase III studies have either been completed or are currently ongoing in breast cancer, soft tissue sarcoma, and non-small cell lung cancer. Phase I and II studies in multiple cancers and various combinations are currently ongoing. This article reviews the available information on eribulin with respect to its clinical pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, mechanism of action, metabolism, preclinical studies, and with special focus on clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Umang Swami
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, 200 Hawkins Dr, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
| | - Umang Shah
- Department of Medical Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1695 Eastchester Road, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
| | - Sanjay Goel
- Department of Medical Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1695 Eastchester Road, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Doherty MK, Morris PG. Eribulin for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer: an update on its safety and efficacy. Int J Womens Health 2015; 7:47-58. [PMID: 25610001 PMCID: PMC4294649 DOI: 10.2147/ijwh.s74462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related death internationally. Treatment approaches for metastatic breast cancer have evolved in recent years; however chemotherapy remains a core component for the majority of patients. Agents such as anthracyclines and taxanes have been extensively studied and form standard treatment. Eribulin mesylate is a novel synthetic microtubule-directed chemotherapy, based on a naturally-occurring compound. Through phase I studies, eribulin was found to be tolerable and activity was seen in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Phase II studies in metastatic breast cancer further demonstrated its efficacy, with responses and survival which compare favorably with other studied chemotherapy agents. The phase III EMBRACE study showed superior survival for patients treated with eribulin compared with those who received a physician's choice control. This led to its approval for use in many countries in this setting. Its toxicity profile is well established and manageable for the most part, with the commonest reported toxicities being alopecia, fatigue, neutropenia and peripheral neuropathy. A second reported phase III study comparing eribulin to capecitabine failed to show an improvement in survival in pretreated patients. This article reviews the clinical pharmacology and mechanism of action of eribulin, and summarizes the results of the major preclinical and clinical studies of eribulin in metastatic breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark K Doherty
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Patrick G Morris
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kok VC. Eribulin in the Management of Advanced Breast Cancer: Implications of Current Research Findings. Breast Cancer (Auckl) 2015; 9:109-15. [PMID: 26691012 PMCID: PMC4681420 DOI: 10.4137/bcbcr.s32787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Revised: 11/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The search for cytotoxic agents from marine natural products ultimately led to the production of eribulin, which is a synthetic macrocyclic ketone analog of halichondrin B. Eribulin binds to tubulin to induce mitotic arrest and gained approval in Japan in May 2010; it was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in November 2010 and the European Medicines Agency in March 2011 and was reimbursed by the Taiwan National Health Insurance in December 2014 for patients with metastatic breast cancer who had received at least one anthracycline and one taxane. The recommended regimen for eribulin mesylate comprises intravenous administration of 1.4 mg/m(2) (equivalent to 1.23 mg/m(2) eribulin) over two to five minutes on days 1 and 8 of a three-week cycle. Since 2011, various clinical investigations of eribulin monotherapy with dose or schedule modifications, combined use with other antineoplastic therapeutics, or head-to-head comparisons with specific agents have been performed in the management of advanced breast cancer. Ethnic-specific data from Japan and Korea indicate higher rates (>85%) of grade 3 or 4 neutropenia. Some anecdotal evidence suggests that eribulin can shrink brain and retinal metastases, which warrants further detailed studies. In this review, current observations of the effects of eribulin monotherapy are summarized and eribulin-backbone combination (bio-) chemotherapy is investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victor C. Kok
- Division of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center of Kuang Tien General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- CORRESPONDENCE:
| |
Collapse
|