1
|
Majdi N, Traunspurger W, Fueser H, Gansfort B, Laffaille P, Maire A. Effects of a broad range of experimental temperatures on the population growth and body-size of five species of free-living nematodes. J Therm Biol 2019; 80:21-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2018.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|
2
|
Fueser H, Majdi N, Haegerbaeumer A, Pilger C, Hachmeister H, Greife P, Huser T, Traunspurger W. Analyzing life-history traits and lipid storage using CARS microscopy for assessing effects of copper on the fitness of Caenorhabditis elegans. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 156:255-262. [PMID: 29554610 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Lipid storage provides energy for cell survival, growth, and reproduction and is closely related to the organismal response to stress imposed by toxic chemicals. However, the effects of toxicants on energy storage as it impacts certain life-history traits have rarely been investigated. Here, we used the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as a test species for a chronic exposure to copper (Cu) at EC20 (0.50 mg Cu/l). Effects on the fatty acid distribution in C. elegans body were determined using coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS) to link population fitness responses with individual ecophysiological responses. Cu inhibited nematode reproductive capacity and offspring growth in addition to shortening the lifespan of exposed individuals. In adult nematodes, Cu exposure led to significant reduction of lipid storage compared to the Cu-free control: Under Cu, lipids filled only 0.5% of the nematode body volume vs. 7.5% in control nematodes, lipid droplets were on average 74% smaller and the number of tiny lipids (0-10 µm2) was increased. These results suggest that (1) Cu has an important effect on the life-history traits of nematodes; (2) the quantification of lipid storage can provide important information on the response of organisms to toxic stress; and (3) CARS microscopy is a promising tool for non-invasive quantitative and qualitative analyses of lipids as a measure of nematode fitness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Fueser
- Bielefeld University, Animal Ecology, Konsequenz 45, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Nabil Majdi
- Bielefeld University, Animal Ecology, Konsequenz 45, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Arne Haegerbaeumer
- Bielefeld University, Animal Ecology, Konsequenz 45, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Christian Pilger
- Bielefeld University, Biomolecular Photonics, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Henning Hachmeister
- Bielefeld University, Biomolecular Photonics, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Paul Greife
- Bielefeld University, Biomolecular Photonics, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Thomas Huser
- Bielefeld University, Biomolecular Photonics, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Walter Traunspurger
- Bielefeld University, Animal Ecology, Konsequenz 45, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
David M, Lebrun C, Duguet T, Talmont F, Beech R, Orlowski S, André F, Prichard RK, Lespine A. Structural model, functional modulation by ivermectin and tissue localization of Haemonchus contortus P-glycoprotein-13. Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist 2018; 8:145-157. [PMID: 29571165 PMCID: PMC6114108 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpddr.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Haemonchus contortus, one of the most economically important parasites of small ruminants, has become resistant to the anthelmintic ivermectin. Deciphering the role of P-glycoproteins in ivermectin resistance is desirable for understanding and overcoming this resistance. In the model nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, P-glycoprotein-13 is expressed in the amphids, important neuronal structures for ivermectin activity. We have focused on its ortholog in the parasite, Hco-Pgp-13. A 3D model of Hco-Pgp-13, presenting an open inward-facing conformation, has been constructed by homology with the Cel-Pgp-1 crystal structure. In silico docking calculations predicted high affinity binding of ivermectin and actinomycin D to the inner chamber of the protein. Following in vitro expression, we showed that ivermectin and actinomycin D modulated Hco-Pgp-13 ATPase activity with high affinity. Finally, we found in vivo Hco-Pgp-13 localization in epithelial, pharyngeal and neuronal tissues. Taken together, these data suggest a role for Hco-Pgp-13 in ivermectin transport, which could contribute to anthelmintic resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marion David
- INTHERES, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, Toulouse, France; Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-De-Bellevue, Canada
| | - Chantal Lebrun
- INTHERES, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, Toulouse, France
| | - Thomas Duguet
- Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-De-Bellevue, Canada
| | - Franck Talmont
- Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology, UMR 5089, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Robin Beech
- Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-De-Bellevue, Canada
| | - Stéphane Orlowski
- CEA, Institut de Biologie Frédéric Joliot, Centre de Saclay, SB2SM, UMR9198 CNRS, I2BC; 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - François André
- CEA, Institut de Biologie Frédéric Joliot, Centre de Saclay, SB2SM, UMR9198 CNRS, I2BC; 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Roger K Prichard
- Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-De-Bellevue, Canada.
| | - Anne Lespine
- INTHERES, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, Toulouse, France.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Han Y, Song S, Wu H, Zhang J, Ma E. Antioxidant enzymes and their role in phoxim and carbaryl stress in Caenorhabditis elegans. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 138:43-50. [PMID: 28456303 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2017.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Pesticide exposure can induce oxidative stress and cause changes to antioxidant enzymes in living organisms. In the present study, the effects of phoxim (an organophosphorus insecticide) and carbaryl (a carbamate insecticide) on antioxidant enzyme activity and gene expression were investigated in the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans. The results show that phoxim exposure can induce superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities and decrease glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity at lower concentrations. The expression levels of sod-3, sod-5, ctl-1, gpx-6, and gpx-8 were up-regulated after treatment with phoxim. The mRNA expression levels of sod-5, ctl-1 and gpx-6 were increased approximately 70-, 170- and 130-fold, respectively, in the 0.25mM treatment group compared to the control group. Carbaryl exposure decreased SOD activity and induced CAT and GPx activities. The addition of carbaryl up-regulated the expression of sod-5, ctl-1, ctl-3 and gpx-8. Specifically, ctl-1 expression increased approximately 10-fold, and gpx-8 expression increased <30-fold in the 0.5mM treatment group relative to the control group. The transcript level of sod-5 increased >20-fold, and ctl-3 increased approximately 10-fold in the 1mM treatment group. The functions of the antioxidant enzymes during oxidative stress caused by the two insecticides were investigated using deletion mutants. The LC50 values phoxim for the of sod-3 (tm760), sod-5 (tm1146), ctl-1 (ok1242), ctl-3 (ok2042) and gpx-8 (tm2108) mutant strains were lower than those observed for the N2 strain. The LC50 values of carbaryl for the ctl-1 (ok1242), ctl-3 (ok2042) and gpx-6 (tm2535) deletion mutant strains decreased in comparison to the N2 strain. The results suggest that these two insecticides caused oxidative stress and changed altered the antioxidant enzyme activities and their gene expressions in C. elegans. The sod-3, sod-5, ctl-1, ctl-3, gpx-6, and gpx-8 encoding enzymes may play roles in defending cells from oxidative stress caused by these two insecticides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Han
- Institute of Applied Biology, Shanxi University, 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China; School of Life Science, Shanxi University, 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Shaojuan Song
- Basic Medical College, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi 046000, China
| | - Haihua Wu
- Institute of Applied Biology, Shanxi University, 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Jianzhen Zhang
- Institute of Applied Biology, Shanxi University, 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Enbo Ma
- Institute of Applied Biology, Shanxi University, 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kreuzinger-Janik B, Brinke M, Traunspurger W, Majdi N. Life history traits of the free-living nematode, Plectus acuminatus Bastian, 1865, and responses to cadmium exposure. NEMATOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1163/15685411-00003077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Free-living nematodes are ubiquitous and play an essential role in ecosystems. However, little is known about their standard life history traits (LHTs), which limits their inclusion in estimations of energy flows and carrying capacities of ecosystems, as well as in modelling population-level responses to toxicants. Thus, we used the hanging-drop method to measure LHTs of Plectus acuminatus with and without exposure to cadmium (2 mg l−1). In controls, the mean lifespan was 68 days and the maximum 114 days. Individuals laid eggs on average 19 days after hatching, while production of offspring peaked at 37 days. Plectus acuminatus individuals were very fertile, producing on average 848 juveniles. Population growth rate of 0.19 was estimated for the control cohort leading to an average population doubling time of 3.65 days. Exposure to cadmium reduced mean lifespan by 62% and affected reproduction as only 22% of individuals produced offspring, leading to a total fertility rate 85% lower than in controls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marvin Brinke
- Federal Institute of Hydrology, Am Mainzer Tor 1, 56068 Koblenz, Germany
| | - Walter Traunspurger
- University of Bielefeld, Animal Ecology, Konsequenz 45, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Nabil Majdi
- University of Bielefeld, Animal Ecology, Konsequenz 45, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bicho RC, Ribeiro T, Rodrigues NP, Scott-Fordsmand JJ, Amorim MJB. Effects of Ag nanomaterials (NM300K) and Ag salt (AgNO3) can be discriminated in a full life cycle long term test with Enchytraeus crypticus. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2016; 318:608-614. [PMID: 27474850 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 07/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Information on effects of silver nanoparticles on soil invertebrates, especially using long-term exposures, is scarce. In this study we investigated the effects of the reference Ag (NM300K) (compared to AgNO3) using the full life cycle test (FLCt) of the soil invertebrate Enchytraeus crypticus. Results showed that effects were higher compared to the standard reproduction test, which is shorter and does not cover the FLC. Both Ag forms caused a reduction on hatching success, juvenile and adult survival and reproduction with similar ECx. Differences between AgNO3 and Ag NM300K could be discriminated using the FLCt: AgNO3 decreased hatching success was shown to be a delay in the process, whereas Ag NM300K caused irreversible effects during the same time frame. These effects may have occurred during the embryo development, hatching (inhibition) or survival of hatched juveniles. Ag NM300K caused non-monotonic concentration-response effect as observed by the high effect of the lowest concentration (20mgkg-1). It is known that dispersion is higher at lower concentrations - this could explain the increased effect at low concentration. Non monotonic responses are well described in the literature, where effects of high cannot predict for low concentrations, hence special attention should be given for NMs low concentration effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rita C Bicho
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Tânia Ribeiro
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Natália P Rodrigues
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Janeck J Scott-Fordsmand
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Vejlsovej 25, PO BOX 314, DK-8600 Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - Mónica J B Amorim
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Han Y, Song S, Guo Y, Zhang J, Ma E. ace-3 plays an important role in phoxim resistance in Caenorhabditis elegans. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2016; 25:835-844. [PMID: 26947509 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-016-1640-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Organophosphorus and carbamate are widely used in agricultural production. Caenorhabditis elegans is a model organism that is widely used in various toxicology studies. To understand the effects of two types of commonly used pesticides, phoxim (organophosphorus) and carbaryl (carbamate), we determined the activities of acetylcholinesterases (AChEs) and detected the expression of four ace genes by RT-qPCR in C. elegans following treatment with these pesticides. The results showed that phoxim and carbaryl could reduce acetylcholinesterase activities and up-regulate the ace-3 mRNA expression levels. We also detected the toxic effects of these pesticides on the ace-3 deletion mutant dc-2, and found that some characteristics, including LC50, development, movement, reproduction and lifespan, were reduced in the dc-2 mutant. However, the toxic effects of carbaryl were weaker than those of phoxim. Carbaryl treatment did not significantly affect the LC50, movement ability or lifespan. Interestingly, body and brood size increased with carbaryl treatment at low concentrations. These data showed that both phoxim and carbaryl could inhibit AChE but that the ace-3 was necessary for phoxim detoxification. The LC50 of phoxim and carbaryl in wild type N2 and the ace-3 deletion mutant dc-2. **Higher significant differences (P < 0.01).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Han
- Institute of Applied Biology, Shanxi University, 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Shaojuan Song
- Institute of Applied Biology, Shanxi University, 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China
- Basic Medical College, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, 046000, Shanxi, China
| | - Yaping Guo
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Jianzhen Zhang
- Institute of Applied Biology, Shanxi University, 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Enbo Ma
- Institute of Applied Biology, Shanxi University, 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bicho RC, Santos FCF, Gonçalves MFM, Soares AMVM, Amorim MJB. Enchytraeid Reproduction Test(PLUS): hatching, growth and full life cycle test--an optional multi-endpoint test with Enchytraeus crypticus. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2015; 24:1053-63. [PMID: 25773650 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-015-1445-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Soil ecotoxicity standard tests for invertebrates are usually limited to the assessment of endpoints like survival and reproduction. Adverse effects may occur at other developmental stages, e.g. embryo development, hatching or growth. The species Enchytraeus crypticus is a model organism in the standard soil ecotoxicology test, where survival and reproduction are assessed. In the present study we optimized the test method to include additional endpoints. The proposed test started with synchronized age organisms', and included additionally hatching success, growth, maturation status and full life cycle. This allowed for the calculation of cocoon production and population growth rate. Results indicated that Cd is embryotoxic, main effect occurs on the embryo developmental stage and maturity. Further, the full life cycle test can discriminate between pre- and post-embryo formation. The increased sensitivity and full life cycle detail level makes it potentially useful for novel materials e.g. nanomaterials where the mode of action and hence effect target is unknown.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rita C Bicho
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal,
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|