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Sun Y, Ding P, Zhang J, Sun K, Li X, Ge Q, Dang Y, Yu Y, Hu G. Combined neurotoxicity of aged microplastics and thiamethoxam in the early developmental stages of zebrafish (Daniorerio). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 348:123853. [PMID: 38552772 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) pollution, together with its consequential effect on aquatic biota, represent a burgeoning environmental concern that has garnered significant scholarly attention. Thiamethoxam (TMX), a prevalently utilized neonicotinoid insecticide, is renowned for its neurotoxic impact and selective action against targeted pests. The aquatic environment serves as a receptacle for numerous pollutants, such as MPs and neonicotinoid insecticides. However, there is currently a lack of comprehensive understanding regarding the toxic effects of co-exposure to aged MPs and neonicotinoid insecticides in aquatic organisms. Therefore, we endeavor to elucidate the deleterious impacts of aged polystyrene (PS) and TMX on zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae when present at environmentally relevant concentrations, and to reveal the underlying molecular mechanisms driving these effects. Our study showed that exposure to aged PS, TMX, or their combination notably inhibited the heart rate and locomotion of zebrafish larvae, with a pronounced effect observed under combined exposure. Aged PS and TMX were found to diminish the activity of antioxidative enzymes (SOD, CAT, and GST), elevate MDA levels, and disrupt neurotransmitter homeostasis (5-HT, GABA and ACh). Notably, the mixtures exhibited synergistic effects. Moreover, gene expression related to oxidative stress (e.g., gstr1, gpx1a, sod1, cat1, p38a, ho-1, and nrf2b) and neurotransmission (e.g., ache, ChAT, gat1, gabra1, 5ht1b, and 5ht1aa) was significantly altered upon co-exposure to aged PS and TMX in larval zebrafish. In summary, our findings support the harmful effects of aged MPs and the neonicotinoid insecticides they carry on aquatic organisms. Results from this study enhance our understanding of the biological risks of MPs and insecticides, as well as help fill existing knowledge gaps on neonicotinoid insecticides and MPs coexistence toxicity in aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Sun
- The Postgraduate Training Base of Jinzhou Medical University (South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment), Guangzhou, 510655, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Ping Ding
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Jiayi Zhang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China; School of Public Health, China Medical University, Liaoning, 110122, China
| | - Kexin Sun
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Xintong Li
- The Postgraduate Training Base of Jinzhou Medical University (South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment), Guangzhou, 510655, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Qing Ge
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China; School of Public Health, China Medical University, Liaoning, 110122, China
| | - Yao Dang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Yunjiang Yu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Guocheng Hu
- The Postgraduate Training Base of Jinzhou Medical University (South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment), Guangzhou, 510655, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
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Targhan H, Rezaei A, Aliabadi A, Ramazani A, Zhao Z, Shen X, Zheng H. Photocatalytic removal of imidacloprid pesticide from wastewater using CdS QDs passivated by CQDs containing thiol groups. Sci Rep 2024; 14:530. [PMID: 38177240 PMCID: PMC10766997 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49972-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, CdS QDs have become versatile semiconductors. Surface modification of CdS QDs has become an interesting case study, as it can eliminate surface defects and improve their photochemical properties. In this study, we report a new strategy of using carbon quantum dots containing a large number of thiol groups (CQDs-SH) as a passivating agent for the stabilization of CdS quantum dots (QDs). Various characterization techniques have clearly revealed that the CdS QDs have been successfully passivated by CQDs-SH. The photocatalytic performance of CQDs-SH/CdS QDs was investigated for the degradation of the insecticide imidacloprid from an aqueous solution. Parameters affecting the photodegradation process, including the light source, photocatalyst amount, initial concentration of the pollutant, radiation time, pH, oxidizing agent, and temperature, were investigated. Furthermore, the HPLC technique was applied to quantitatively analyze imidacloprid and its degradation products. The results of the HPLC analysis revealed that under simulated visible light at pH 9, imidacloprid scarcely existed after 90 min of irradiation (90.13% degradation). The LC-MS method was also used to detect the degradation products and investigate the mechanism of photodegradation of the pesticide. The results showed that the CQDs-SH/CdS QDs composite was a promising photocatalyst for the degradation of imidacloprid in wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Homa Targhan
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Aram Rezaei
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Alireza Aliabadi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, School of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Ali Ramazani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, 45371-38791, Iran.
| | - Zhefei Zhao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China
| | - Xinyi Shen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China
| | - Huajun Zheng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China.
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