1
|
Tan W, Yang X, Zhang C, Xie Q, Song W, Li W. Gene expression profiles to clarify the effect of low-dose benzo(a)pyrene on crystalline silica induced acute lung injury in mice. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024:124580. [PMID: 39032549 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Published evidences have suggested that air pollutant benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) may modify the toxicity and adverse effects produced by other toxicants. However, the precise role of short-term exposure to low-dose BaP on acute lung injury (ALI) induced by crystalline silica (CS) and the underlying mechanisms remain to be clarified. To investigate this issue, a mouse co-exposure model was established by intratracheal instillation of 2.5 mg CS and BaP alone or in combination. Our data found that CS exposure resulted in ALI as evidenced by lung histological changes, elevated lactate dehydrogenase activity, increased level of pro-inflammatory markers and enhanced oxidative damage. Although exposure to BaP alone had little effect on the pathological changes of mice lung tissues except for occasionally mild inflammation, it could aggravate the CS-induced ALI in a dose-dependent manner. Bioinformatic analysis of transcriptome sequencing suggested that the expression changes of significantly differentially expressed genes were closely related to the severity of ALI. The joined analysis of STC and WGCNA found that "NOD-like receptor signaling pathway", "toll-like receptor signaling pathway", "TNF signaling pathway", and "NF-kappa B signaling pathway" associated with immune and inflammatory response were the most prominent significant pathways. TLR2/9 and Nod2 might be the key inflammation-related genes that were differentially expressed in the combined lung toxicity induced by CS and BaP exposure. All these findings suggest that co-exposure of CS and low-dose BaP can cause more severe lung inflammation and oxidative damage in mice than exposure alone, which may be useful in the management and prevention of silicosis. The roles of TLR2/9 and Nod2 as candidate targets in the combined toxicity need further exploration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjian Tan
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Xinxin Yang
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Qi Xie
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Weiyi Song
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China.
| | - Wei Li
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Park J, Lee KH, Kim H, Woo J, Heo J, Jeon K, Lee CH, Yoo CG, Hopke PK, Koutrakis P, Yi SM. Analysis of PM 2.5 inorganic and organic constituents to resolve contributing sources in Seoul, South Korea and Beijing, China and their possible associations with cytokine IL-8. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 243:117860. [PMID: 38072108 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
China and South Korea are the most polluted countries in East Asia due to significant urbanization and extensive industrial activities. As neighboring countries, collaborative management plans to maximize public health in both countries can be helpful in reducing transboundary air pollution. To support such planning, PM2.5 inorganic and organic species were determined in simultaneously collected PM2.5 integrated filters. The resulting data were used as inputs to positive matrix factorization, which identified nine sources at the ambient air monitoring sites in both sites. Secondary nitrate, secondary sulfate/oil combustion, soil, mobile, incinerator, biomass burning, and secondary organic carbon (SOC) were found to be sources at both sampling sites. Industry I and II were only identified in Seoul, whereas combustion and road dust sources were only identified in Beijing. A subset of samples was selected for exposure assessment. The expression levels of IL-8 were significantly higher in Beijing (167.7 pg/mL) than in Seoul (72.7 pg/mL). The associations between the PM2.5 chemical constituents and its contributing sources with PM2.5-induced inflammatory cytokine (interleukin-8, IL-8) levels in human bronchial epithelial cells were investigated. For Seoul, the soil followed by the secondary nitrate and the biomass burning showed increase with IL-8 production. However, for the Beijing, the secondary nitrate exhibited the highest association with IL-8 production and SOC and biomass burning showed modest increase with IL-8. As one of the highest contributing sources in both cities, secondary nitrate showed an association with IL-8 production. The soil source having the strongest association with IL-8 production was found only for Seoul, whereas SOC showed a modest association only for Beijing. This study can provide the scientific basis for identifying the sources to be prioritized for control to provide effective mitigation of particulate air pollution in each city and thereby improve public health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jieun Park
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 401 Park Drive, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Kyoung-Hee Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehakno, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyewon Kim
- Incheon Regional Customs, Korea Customs Service, 70, Gonghangdong-ro 193 Beon-gil Jung-gu, Incheon, 22381, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisu Woo
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehakno, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongbae Heo
- Busan Development Institute, 955 Jungangdae-ro, Busanjin-gu, Busan, 47210, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwonho Jeon
- Climate and Air Quality Research, Department Global Environment Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hoon Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehakno, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Gyu Yoo
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehakno, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Philip K Hopke
- Institute for a Sustainable Environment, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, 13699, USA; Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Petros Koutrakis
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 401 Park Drive, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Seung-Muk Yi
- Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li HH, Yang ZB, Xu XX, Zhu XM, Xian JR, Yang YX, Cheng Z. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in street dust from different functional areas in Chengdu, China: seasonal variation and health risk assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2022; 44:1161-1173. [PMID: 34195906 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-01017-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This is the first investigation that identified seasonal variation, possible sources and health risk of 16 PAHs in street dust sampled park area (PA), educational area (EA), commercial area (CA), residential area (RA), and traffic area (TA) of Chengdu, one of the new first-tier cities in China. The total PAHs (∑16PAHs) concentrations of averaging over two seasons varied from 2.15 to 10.6 mg/kg with a median value of 4.61 mg/kg and in winter (5.48 ± 1.52 mg/kg) were significantly higher than that in summer (4.04 ± 0.91 mg/kg). The highest ∑16PAHs concentration was found in TA (median 6.74 mg/kg). Statistical analysis results indicated that mixture sources of petroleum combustion and combustion of biomass and coal seem to be the primary source of the PAHs in street dust. Carcinogenic risk by incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) model for PAHs in street dust indicates an acceptable potential cancer risk for residents. The same sequences of cancer risk to be observed for both children and adults among different functional areas: TA > CA > EA > RA > PA. The results provided advice for habitants in Chengdu to encourage outdoor activities in parks and residential areas and minimize traffic areas and commercial areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han-Han Li
- College of Environment Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhan-Biao Yang
- College of Environment Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Xun Xu
- College of Environment Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Mei Zhu
- College of Environment Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Ren Xian
- College of Environment Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Xiang Yang
- College of Environment Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhang Cheng
- College of Environment Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kanellopoulos PG, Verouti E, Chrysochou E, Koukoulakis K, Bakeas E. Primary and secondary organic aerosol in an urban/industrial site: Sources, health implications and the role of plastic enriched waste burning. J Environ Sci (China) 2021; 99:222-238. [PMID: 33183700 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2020.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
PM10 samples were collected from an urban/industrial site nearby Athens, where uncontrolled burning activities occur. PAHs, monocarboxylic, dicarboxylic, hydroxycarboxylic and aromatic acids, tracers from BVOC oxidation, biomass burning tracers and bisphenol A were determined. PAH, monocarboxylic acids, biomass burning tracers and bisphenol A were increased during autumn/winter, while BSOA tracers, dicarboxylic- and hydroxycarboxylic acids during summer. Regarding aromatic acids, different sources and formation mechanisms were indicated as benzoic, phthalic and trimellitic acids were peaked during summer whereas p-toluic, isophthalic and terephthalic were more abundant during autumn/winter. The Benzo[a]pyrene-equivalent carcinogenic power, carcinogenic and mutagenic activities were calculated showing significant (p < 0.05) increases during the colder months. Palmitic, succinic and malic acids were the most abundant monocarboxylic, dicarboxylic and hydrocarboxylic acids during the entire sampling period. Isoprene oxidation was the most significant contributor to BSOA as the isoprene-SOA compounds were two times more abundant than the pinene-SOA (13.4 ± 12.3 and 6.1 ± 2.9 ng/m3, respectively). Ozone has significant impact on the formation of many studied compounds showing significant correlations with: isoprene-SOA (r = 0.77), hydrocarboxylic acids (r = 0.69), pinene-SOA (r = 0.63),dicarboxylic acids (r = 0.58), and the sum of phthalic, benzoic and trimellitic acids (r = 0.44). PCA demonstrated five factors that could explain sources including plastic enriched waste burning (30.8%), oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids (23.0%), vehicle missions and cooking (9.2%), biomass burning (7.7%) and oxidation of VOCs (5.8%). The results highlight the significant contribution of plastic waste uncontrolled burning to the overall air quality degradation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Georgios Kanellopoulos
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zografou, GR-15784, Greece
| | - Eleni Verouti
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zografou, GR-15784, Greece
| | - Eirini Chrysochou
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zografou, GR-15784, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Koukoulakis
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zografou, GR-15784, Greece
| | - Evangelos Bakeas
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zografou, GR-15784, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kanellopoulos PG, Chrysochou E, Koukoulakis K, Vasileiadou E, Kizas C, Savvides C, Bakeas E. Secondary organic aerosol tracers and related polar organic compounds between urban and rural areas in the Eastern Mediterranean region: source apportionment and the influence of atmospheric oxidants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2020; 22:2212-2229. [PMID: 32996961 DOI: 10.1039/d0em00238k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fine particle samples were collected during summer at an urban (LIM) and a rural/background (AGM) site of Cyprus. They were analyzed for pinene and isoprene secondary organic aerosol (PSOA-ISOA) tracers, linear dicarboxylic acids (DCAs), hydroxyacids (HAs), aromatic acids (AAs), monocarboxylic acids (MCAs) and levoglucosan by GC/MS with prior 3-step derivatization. DCAs, AAs, MCAs and levoglucosan exhibited significantly higher concentrations (p < 0.05) in LIM, PSOAs and ISOAs in AGM (p < 0.05), whereas mixed trends were found for HAs. Among DCAs, succinic was the most abundant in both sites, accounting for 42.5% and 36.5% of the total DCAs in LIM and AGM respectively, followed by adipic in LIM (20.1%) and azelaic in AGM (22.4%). Malic, phthalic and palmitic acids were the dominant HA, AA and MCA, respectively. Regarding PSOAs, significant differences were observed between the two sites, with the first-generation products accounting for 59.8% of the total measured PSOAs in AGM, but were remarkably lowered (10.3%) in LIM indicating that they were highly oxidized. 2-Methylerythritol was the dominant ISOA tracer in both sites; nevertheless the elevated relative abundance of 2-methylglyceric acid in LIM implies the influences of higher NOx levels. The increased O3 levels observed in AGM appear to have a significant impact on SOA formation. Source apportionment tools employed revealed factors related to secondary formation processes including oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids, pinene, isoprene and anthropogenic VOCs and factors associated with primary sources such as biomass burning, plant emissions and/or cooking and motor exhaust, with noteworthy differences observed between the two areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Georgios Kanellopoulos
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, Athens, 15784, Greece.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yue H, Yun Y, Gao R, Li G, Sang N. Winter Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon-Bound Particulate Matter from Peri-urban North China Promotes Lung Cancer Cell Metastasis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:14484-14493. [PMID: 26008712 DOI: 10.1021/es506280c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
On the basis of the close relationship between human exposure to high concentrations of small particulate matter (PM) and increased lung cancer mortality, PM was recently designated as a Group I carcinogen. Considering that PM is highly heterogeneous, the potential health risks of PM promoting tumor metastasis in lung cancer, as well as its chemical characteristics, remain elusive. In the present study, we collected PM2.5 and PM10 in a peri-urban residential site of Taiyuan and determined the concentration and source of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The results indicated that 18 PAHs, ranging from 38.21 to 269.69 ng/m(3) (for PM2.5) and from 44.34 to 340.78 ng/m(3) (for PM10), exhibited seasonal variations, and the PAHs in winter PM mainly originated from coal combustion. We calculated the benzo(a)pyrene-equivalent (BaPeq) and found that the PAH-bound PM in winter exhibited higher carcinogenic risks for humans. Following this result, in vitro bioassays demonstrated that PM2.5 and PM10 induced A549 cell migration and invasion, and the mechanism involved reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) activation and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation. Our data indicate the potential risk for winter PAH-bound PM from peri-urban North China promoting lung cancer cell metastasis and reveal a mechanistic basis for treating, ameliorating, or preventing outcomes in polluted environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huifeng Yue
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University , Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, P. R. China
| | - Yang Yun
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University , Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, P. R. China
| | - Rui Gao
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University , Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, P. R. China
| | - Guangke Li
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University , Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, P. R. China
| | - Nan Sang
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University , Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|