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Lu Y, Xiao X, Liang Y, Li J, Guo C, Xu L, Liu Q, Xiao Y, Zhou S. Distribution and transformation of potentially toxic elements in cracks under coal mining disturbance in farmland. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:312. [PMID: 39001963 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-02107-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
The ground cracks resulting from coal mining activities induce alterations in the physical and chemical characteristics of soil. However, limited knowledge exists regarding the impact of subsidence caused by coal mining on the distribution of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) fractions in farmland soil. In this study, we collected 19 soil profiles at varying depths from the soil surface and at horizontal distances of 0, 1, 2, and 5 m from the vertical crack. Using BCR extraction fractionation, we determined the geochemical fractions and total concentrations of Chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) to investigate their ecological risk, spatial fraction distribution, and main influencing factors. Results showed that the E r i values of Cd appearing in 68.7% of the samples were higher than 40 and less than 80, presented a moderate ecological risk. Chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), and lead (Pb) were mainly bound to residual fractions (> 60%) with lower mobility and Cd was dominated by F1 (acid-soluble fractions, 50%) and F2 (reducible fractions, 29%) in surface soil (0-20 cm). The geochemical fractionation revealed that the mobile fractions (F1-acid-soluble and F2-reducible) of PTEs were primarily located near the crack, influenced by available potassium. In contrast, the less mobile fractions (F3-oxidizable and F4-residual) exhibited higher concentrations at distances of 2 and 5 m from the crack, except for arsenic, influenced by the presence of clay particles and available phosphorus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Lu
- School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, 1 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Xiao
- School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, 1 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Liang
- Beijing Invision Ruida Technology Co., Ltd, Huaxia Happiness Entrepreneurship Center, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Junchi Li
- School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, 1 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunying Guo
- School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, 1 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lili Xu
- School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, 1 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qingfeng Liu
- School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, 1 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Xiao
- School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, 1 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shiyuan Zhou
- College of Architecture and Design, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, China.
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Osiecki K, Hussaini S, Sambanis A, Quinsey L, Liew C. Validating self-reported Toxic Release Inventory data using Benford's Law: investigating toxic chemical release hazards in floodplains. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1342510. [PMID: 38952724 PMCID: PMC11215073 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1342510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Acute and long-term health impacts from flooding related toxic chemical releases are a significant local health concern and can disproportionately impact communities with vulnerable populations; reliable release data are needed to quantify this hazard. Methods In this paper, we analyze US Federal Emergency Management Agency designated floodplain data and US Environmental Protection Agency Toxic Release Inventory (TRI) data to determine if geographically manipulated databases adhere to Benford's Law. Results We investigated multiple variants and discovered pollution releases adhere to Benford's Law and tests which thereby validates the self-reported toxic release dataset. Discussion We find that Benford's Law applies to self-reported toxic chemical release and disposal data, indicating a lack of widespread data errors or manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Osiecki
- Center for Learning Innovation, University of Minnesota Rochester, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Syed Hussaini
- Emergency Management and Resilience Planning Graduate Certificate Program, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Apostolis Sambanis
- Emergency Management and Resilience Planning Graduate Certificate Program, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Logan Quinsey
- Emergency Management and Resilience Planning Graduate Certificate Program, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Chloe Liew
- Center for Learning Innovation, University of Minnesota Rochester, Rochester, MN, United States
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Chen Q, Wang X, Li H, Lou S, An M, Zhi C, Wang C. Possible enrichment process of Cd in the Se-rich soil area of Lanshan District, Shandong Province, China. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:249. [PMID: 38877343 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-02022-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
High cadmium (Cd) concentrations widely occured in selenium (Se)-rich soils, which has been an important obstacle in the usage of Se-rich soils. There is still no special information detailing the enrichment process and mechanism of Cd in Se-rich soils. 4474 soils and 21 rocks in Lanshan District were sampled to detect its enrichment process. The surface soils have Cd concentrations of 0.01-9.41 mg·kg-1 (an average of 0.16 mg·kg-1). The soil Cd concentrations were significantly correlated with soil Se concentrations. The relatively higher-Cd surface soils are distributed in Lower-middle Ordovician carbonate areas with Se-rich soils and Quaternary areas with typical anthropic activities. Surface soils in Ordovician carbonate area have the highest Cd concentrations. Soil Cd concentrations are significantly correlated with sulfophil elements (Zinc (Zn), Copper (Cu), Molybdenum (Mo), Lead (Pb) and Arsenic (As) etc.), Ca (Calcium) concentrations and soil organic carbon (SOC). The soil and rock samples from different geological units also confirmed soil Cd concentrations developing from Ordovician carbonates were higher than those from other rocks. The results indicate the soil Cd concentrations were the complex consequences of bedrock, soil-forming processes and anthropogenic activities. Higher Ca concentrations and more reduction environments result in high-Cd bedrock. CaCO3 leaching and alkaline pH, which are the special soil-forming process of carbonates, enrich Cd in soils. Agricultural and industrial activities also affect soil Cd concentrations. An enrichment model of Cd in Se-rich soils is forwarded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Chen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Depositional Mineralization and Sedimentary Minerals, College of Earth Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China
| | - Xuewenyu Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Depositional Mineralization and Sedimentary Minerals, College of Earth Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China
| | - Haibo Li
- The Fourth Prospecting of Shandong Coal Geology Bureau, No. 88, Fenghuang Street, Fangzi, Weifang, 261200, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Shuwen Lou
- The Fourth Prospecting of Shandong Coal Geology Bureau, No. 88, Fenghuang Street, Fangzi, Weifang, 261200, Shandong Province, China
| | - Maoguo An
- Shandong Provincial No.3 Exploration Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources, Yantai, 264004, China
| | - Chenglong Zhi
- Shandong Provincial Lunan Geology and Exploration Institute, Yanzhou, 272100, China
| | - Cai Wang
- Shandong Provincial Lunan Geology and Exploration Institute, Yanzhou, 272100, China
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Pinna MV, Diquattro S, Garau M, Grottola CM, Giudicianni P, Roggero PP, Castaldi P, Garau G. Combining biochar and grass-legume mixture to improve the phytoremediation of soils contaminated with potentially toxic elements (PTEs). Heliyon 2024; 10:e26478. [PMID: 38455572 PMCID: PMC10918015 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The combination of soil amendments with plants can be a viable option for restoring the functionality of PTEs-contaminated soils. Soil recovery could be further optimized through the mixed cropping of plant species (e.g. legumes and grasses) with different physiological characteristics. The aim of this study was to assess the phytoremediation ability of Vicia villosa Roth. And Lolium rigidum Gaud. Grown alone or in mixture in a soil contaminated with PTEs (C), i.e. Cd (23 mg kg-1), Pb (4473 mg kg-1) and Zn (3147 mg kg-1), and amended with 3% biochar (C + B). Biochar improved soil fertility and changed PTEs distribution, reducing soluble fractions and increasing the more stable ones. The addition of biochar increased the plant biomass of hairy vetch and annual ryegrass, both in monoculture and when in mixture. For example, shoot and root biomass of the C + B intercropped hairy vetch and annual ryegrass increased 9- and 7-fold, and ∼3-fold respectively, compared to the respective C plants. The biochar addition decreased PTE-uptake by both plants, while mixed cropping increased the uptake of PTEs by shoots of hairy vetch grown in C and C + B. The bioaccumulation, translocation factors, and mineralomass showed that hairy vetch and annual ryegrass behaved as phytostabilising plants. PTE mineralomasses proved that mixed cropping in C + B increased the overall capacity of PTE accumulation by plant tissues, particularly the root system. Therefore, the combination of biochar and legumes/grasses mixed cropping could be an effective solution for the recovery of PTEs-contaminated soils and the mitigation of their environmental hazard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vittoria Pinna
- Dipartimento di Agraria, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Stefania Diquattro
- Dipartimento di Agraria, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy
- Nucleo Ricerca Desertificazione, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Matteo Garau
- Dipartimento di Agraria, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Corinna Maria Grottola
- Institute of Sciences and Technologies for Sustainable Energy and Mobility (STEMS) of the National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Giudicianni
- Institute of Sciences and Technologies for Sustainable Energy and Mobility (STEMS) of the National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Pier Paolo Roggero
- Dipartimento di Agraria, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy
- Nucleo Ricerca Desertificazione, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Paola Castaldi
- Dipartimento di Agraria, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy
- Nucleo Ricerca Desertificazione, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Garau
- Dipartimento di Agraria, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy
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Garau M, Pinna MV, Nieddu M, Castaldi P, Garau G. Mixing Compost and Biochar Can Enhance the Chemical and Biological Recovery of Soils Contaminated by Potentially Toxic Elements. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:284. [PMID: 38256837 PMCID: PMC10818981 DOI: 10.3390/plants13020284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Biochar and compost are able to influence the mobility of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in soil. As such, they can be useful in restoring the functionality of contaminated soils, albeit their effectiveness can vary substantially depending on the chemical and/or the (micro)biological endpoint that is targeted. To better explore the potential of the two amendments in the restoration of PTE-contaminated soils, biochar, compost (separately added at 3% w/w), and their mixtures (1:1, 3:1, and 1:3 biochar-to-compost ratios) were added to contaminated soil (i.e., 2362 mg kg-1 of Sb and 2801 mg kg-1 of Zn). Compost and its mixtures promoted an increase in soil fertility (e.g., total N; extractable P; and exchangeable K, Ca, and Mg), which was not found in the soil treated with biochar alone. All the tested amendments substantially reduced labile Zn in soil, while biochar alone was the most effective in reducing labile Sb in the treated soils (-11% vs. control), followed by compost (-4%) and biochar-compost mixtures (-8%). Compost (especially alone) increased soil biochemical activities (e.g., dehydrogenase, urease, and β-glucosidase), as well as soil respiration and the potential catabolic activity of soil microbial communities, while biochar alone (probably due to its high adsorptive capacity towards nutrients) mostly exhibited an inhibitory effect, which was partially mitigated in soils treated with both amendments. Overall, the biochar-compost combinations had a synergistic effect on both amendments, i.e., reducing PTE mobility and restoring soil biological functionality at the same time. This finding was supported by plant growth trials which showed increased Sb and Zn mineralomass values for rigid ryegrass (Lolium rigidum Gaud.) grown on biochar-compost mixtures, suggesting a potential use of rigid ryegrass in the compost-biochar-assisted phytoremediation of PTE-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Garau
- Dipartimento di Agraria, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (M.G.); (M.V.P.); (M.N.); (P.C.)
| | - Maria Vittoria Pinna
- Dipartimento di Agraria, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (M.G.); (M.V.P.); (M.N.); (P.C.)
| | - Maria Nieddu
- Dipartimento di Agraria, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (M.G.); (M.V.P.); (M.N.); (P.C.)
| | - Paola Castaldi
- Dipartimento di Agraria, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (M.G.); (M.V.P.); (M.N.); (P.C.)
- Nucleo Ricerca Desertificazione, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Garau
- Dipartimento di Agraria, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (M.G.); (M.V.P.); (M.N.); (P.C.)
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Verma A, Yadav S, Kumar R. Geochemical fractionation, bioavailability, ecological and human health risk assessment of metals in topsoils of an emerging industrial cluster near New Delhi. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:9041-9066. [PMID: 36932290 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01536-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Urban spaces have become sink for metal-rich waste, particularly in unorganized industrial clusters and metro-cities. Geochemical distribution of metals in different forms and their mobility and bioavailability in topsoils of Bhiwadi Industrial Cluster (BIC) near New Delhi are studies following m-BCR-SEP. Contamination factor (Cf), risk assessment code (RAC), ecological risk assessment (Er), and carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risk (HRA) were calculated to assess health and environmental risks. Residual fraction (F4) contained considerable amounts of Cd (57.2%), Cr (81.5%), Fe (86.1%), Mn (62.5%), Ni (58.3%), and V (71.4%). Pb was present in reducible fraction (F2; 52.8%), whereas Cu was distributed in F2 (33.3%) and F4 (31.6%). Zn showed equal distribution in acid exchangeable (F1; 33.9%) and oxidizable fraction (F3; 32.5%). High Cf was observed for Zn (0.9-20.9), Cu (0.46-17) and Pb (0.2-9.9). RAC indicated high risk of Cd, Cu, Mn, Ni, and Zn due to their high mobility and toxicity. High potential bioavailability of Cu, Pb, and Zn (> 65%) was found in samples collected near to metal casting, electroplating, and automobile part manufacturing industries. Considerable to extremely high ecological risk was observed for Cd, low to high risk for Cu, low risk to moderate risk for Cr, Mn, Ni, Zn, and Pb. All topsoil samples were in low to very high-risk range for metals. Ingestion was major pathway of metals followed by dermal and inhalation. Children were more prone to non-carcinogenic risks (hazardous index: 3.6). Topsoils had high carcinogenic risk to exposed population for Cd, Cr, Ni, and Pb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anju Verma
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Sudesh Yadav
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Jammu, Jammu, 180006, India
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Li J, Li KM, Jiao L, Zang F, Li X, Yang YQ, Mao XX, Tai XS. Contamination, ecological-health risks, and sources of potentially toxic elements in road-dust sediments and soils of the largest urban riverfront scenic park in China. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:8169-8186. [PMID: 37548849 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01715-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Identifying the contamination and sources of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in road-dust sediment (RDS) and the surrounding greenspace soil of urban environments and understanding their ecological-health risks are important for pollution management and public health. The contamination characteristics, ecological and probabilistic health risks, and source apportionment of eight PTEs (Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu, Ni, As, Zn, and Hg) in the Yellow River Custom Tourist Line of Lanzhou, which is the largest open urban riverfront scenic park in China, were investigated. The results showed that all the RDS PTE mean concentrations exceeded their soil background values, whereas for the surrounding greenspace soils, the concentrations of the PTEs, except for Cr and Ni, were also higher than their local background levels. Moreover, the RDS-soil system was mainly contaminated by Cd, Zn, Pb, Cu, and Hg to varying degrees, and the integrated ecological risks of PTEs in the RDS and soil were high and considerable at most sites, respectively. The probabilistic health risk assessment results demonstrated that the non-carcinogenic hazard risk for humans was negligible, but the total carcinogenic risks should be considered. Source apportionment using a positive matrix factorization model combined with multivariate statistical analyses revealed that Cr, Ni, and As in the RDS-soil system were from natural and industrial sources, Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu came from vehicle emissions and pesticide and fertilizer applications, and Hg was from natural and industrial sources and utilization of pesticides with fertilizers. This work provides scientific evidence for urban planning and human health protection in urban environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- College of Urban Environment, Lanzhou City University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Kai-Ming Li
- College of Urban Environment, Lanzhou City University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Liang Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Environment and Sustainable Development of Oasis, Gansu Province, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Fei Zang
- College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China
| | - Xu Li
- College of Urban Environment, Lanzhou City University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Yun-Qin Yang
- College of Urban Environment, Lanzhou City University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Xiao-Xuan Mao
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xi-Sheng Tai
- College of Urban Environment, Lanzhou City University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
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Proshad R, Dey HC, Ritu SA, Baroi A, Khan MSU, Islam M, Idris AM. A review on toxic metal pollution and source-oriented risk apportionment in road dust of a highly polluted megacity in Bangladesh. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:2729-2762. [PMID: 36472681 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-022-01434-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal enrichment in road dust has resulted from intensive anthropogenic activity, particularly urbanization, industrial activities and traffic emission, posing a hazard to urban ecosystems and human health. To promote optimal road dust management in urban environments, it is necessary to assess the possible ecological and health impact of toxic elements in road dust. In a heavily populated megacity like Dhaka, Bangladesh, large-scale risk assessments of contamination in road dust with heavy metals are limited. The present study aims at presenting a concentration of twenty-five metals in road dust (Na, K, Cs, Rb, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Al, Zn, Cd, Pb, As, Sb, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zr and W) in Dhaka megacity. We used a critical source-based positive matrix factorization model, source-oriented potential ecological risks and health risks. Out of the studied metals, Na, Ca, Zn, Cd, Cu, Zr and W exceeded the shale value. About 73%, 48%, 29% and 32% of sampling sites showed a higher level of pollution based on PLI, NIPI, PER and NIRI, respectively. PMF model identified that Cd (85.3%), Cr (62.4%), Ni (58.2%), Zn (81.8%) and Mn (65.9%) in road dust were primarily attributed to traffic emission, fuel combustion, metal processing, transport sources and natural sources, respectively. Fuel combustion and metal processing posed considerable and high risks based on modified potential ecological risk and NIRI. Based on health hazards, traffic emission posed a high cancer risk in adult males (29%), whereas transport sources contributed to females (21%) and children (23%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Proshad
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Hridoy Chandra Dey
- Faculty of Agriculture, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, 8602, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Sadia Afroz Ritu
- Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Artho Baroi
- Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shihab Uddine Khan
- Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Maksudul Islam
- Department of Environmental Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, 8602, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Abubakr M Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
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Shi T, Xu B, He J, Liu X, Zuo Z. Arsenic release pathway and the interaction principle among major species in vacuum sulfide reduction roasting of copper smelting flue dust. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 330:121809. [PMID: 37172770 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The efficient release of arsenic in copper smelting flue dust (CSFD) with complicated production conditions and composition under the premise of environmental safety is difficult for the copper smelting industry. The vacuum environment is conducive to the volatilization of low-boiling arsenic compounds, which is beneficial to the physical process and chemical reaction of increasing the volume. In the present study, combined with thermodynamic calculations, the roasting process of pyrite and CSFD mixed in proportion in vacuum was simulated. Additionally, the release process of arsenic and the interaction mechanism of the main phases were performed in detail. The addition of pyrite facilitated the decomposition of stable arsenate in CSFD into volatile arsenic oxides. The results indicated that exceeding 98% of arsenic in CSFD volatilized into the condenser, while the arsenic content in the residue was reduced to 0.32% under optimal conditions. Pyrite could reduce the oxygen potential during the chemical reaction with CSFD, reacting with sulfates in CSFD to convert into sulfides and magnetic iron oxide (Fe3O4) simultaneously, and Bi2O3 would be transformed into metallic Bi. These findings are significant for developing arsenic-containing hazardous waste treatment routes and the application of innovative technical approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengteng Shi
- National Engineering Research Center for Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650093, PR China; Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, PR China
| | - Baoqiang Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Complex Non-Ferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650093, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650093, PR China; Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, PR China.
| | - Jilin He
- Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Xinyang Liu
- Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, PR China
| | - Zibin Zuo
- The State Key Laboratory of Complex Non-Ferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650093, PR China; Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, PR China
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Verma A, Yadav S. Chemical Speciation, Bioavailability and Human Health Risk Assessment of Metals in Surface Dust from an Industrial Cluster in India. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2023; 84:267-283. [PMID: 36764952 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-023-00984-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, distribution of metals in different geochemical forms, their mobility and bioavailability in bulk surface dust samples of Bhiwadi industrial cluster (BIC) in Rajasthan, India, was assessed by modified Community Bureau of Reference (m-BCR) sequential extraction procedure. Potential risk of metals in surface dust to environment and human health was evaluated using Contamination factor (Cf), Mobility Factor (MF) and Risk Assessment Code (RAC), and carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risk. Residual fraction contained significant amount of metals as Cd(55.86%), Cr(86.05%), Fe(90.06%), Mn(69.94%), Ni(66.08%), and V(71.80%). Pb(52.43%) was present in reducible fraction, while Cu was equally distributed in reducible (27.66%) and oxidizable (28.20%) fractions. Zn was equally distributed in acid exchangeable (33.15%) and reducible (35.01%) fractions. High Cf values were observed for Zn (1.32-16.98), followed by Pb (0.38-11.23) and Cu (0.26-8.22). RAC indicated high risk of Cd, Mn, Ni and Zn to environment due to their high mobility and toxic nature. Zn, Pb, Cu and Cd showed highest mobility (potential bioavailability) in samples collected around metal casting, electroplating, and automobile part industries. Data indicated that metals can bio-available with the changes in redox conditions in environment. Ingestion was major pathway for carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks followed by dermal and inhalation. Hazardous Index value (6.32) indicated higher susceptibility of children for non-carcinogenic risk as compared to adults. Carcinogenic risk of Cr, Cd, Ni and Pb was higher than acceptable levels in surface dust, suggesting a high risk of cancer to exposed population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anju Verma
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Sudesh Yadav
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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Bech J. Special Issue "Geochemistry, Soil Contamination and Human Health. Part 2.". ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2022; 44:1667-1671. [PMID: 35028757 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-01180-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaume Bech
- University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain.
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Yang L, Ren Q, Ge S, Jiao Z, Zhan W, Hou R, Ruan X, Pan Y, Wang Y. Metal(loid)s Spatial Distribution, Accumulation, and Potential Health Risk Assessment in Soil-Wheat Systems near a Pb/Zn Smelter in Henan Province, Central China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19052527. [PMID: 35270219 PMCID: PMC8909631 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
To understand the influence of Pb/Zn smelter on surrounding environment, 110 soil and 62 wheat grain samples (62 paired samples) were collected nearby a Pb/Zn smelter in Jiaozuo City, Henan Province, China. The content and spatial distribution of metal(loid)s in the soil-wheat system, and the potential health risk via consumption of wheat grains were determined. Results showed that the average content of Pb, Cd, As, Cu, Zn, and Ni in soil were 129.16, 4.28, 17.95, 20.43, 79.36, and 9.42 mg/kg, respectively. The content of Cd in almost all soil samples (99.1%) exceeded the national limitation of China (0.6 mg/kg). Spatial distribution analysis indicated that atmospheric deposition might be the main pollution source of Pb, Cd, As, and Zn in soil. In addition, the average content of Pb, Cd, As, Cu, Zn, and Ni in wheat grain were 0.62, 0.35, 0.10, 3.7, 35.77, and 0.15 mg/kg, respectively, with the average Pb and Cd content exceeding the national limitation of China. The average bioaccumulation factor of these metal(loid)s followed the following order: Zn (0.507) > Cu (0.239) > Cd (0.134) > Ni (0.024) > Pb (0.007) > As (0.006). Health risk assessment indicated that the average noncarcinogenic risk of children (6.78) was much higher than that of adults (2.83), and the carcinogenic risk of almost all wheat grain is higher than the acceptable range, with an average value of 2.43 × 10−2. These results indicated that humans who regularly consume these wheat grains might have a serious risk of noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Yang
- National Demonstration Center for Environmental and Planning, College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (L.Y.); (X.R.)
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Henan University, Ministry of Education, Kaifeng 475004, China; (Q.R.); (S.G.)
| | - Qiang Ren
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Henan University, Ministry of Education, Kaifeng 475004, China; (Q.R.); (S.G.)
| | - Shiji Ge
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Henan University, Ministry of Education, Kaifeng 475004, China; (Q.R.); (S.G.)
| | - Zhiqiang Jiao
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Control and Remediation of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (Z.J.); (R.H.)
| | - Wenhao Zhan
- National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, China;
| | - Runxiao Hou
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Control and Remediation of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (Z.J.); (R.H.)
| | - Xinling Ruan
- National Demonstration Center for Environmental and Planning, College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (L.Y.); (X.R.)
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Henan University, Ministry of Education, Kaifeng 475004, China; (Q.R.); (S.G.)
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Control and Remediation of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (Z.J.); (R.H.)
| | - Yanfang Pan
- National Demonstration Center for Environmental and Planning, College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (L.Y.); (X.R.)
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Henan University, Ministry of Education, Kaifeng 475004, China; (Q.R.); (S.G.)
- Correspondence: (Y.P.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yangyang Wang
- National Demonstration Center for Environmental and Planning, College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (L.Y.); (X.R.)
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Henan University, Ministry of Education, Kaifeng 475004, China; (Q.R.); (S.G.)
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Control and Remediation of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (Z.J.); (R.H.)
- Correspondence: (Y.P.); (Y.W.)
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