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Fu R, Abrahamson K, Campbell T. Occupational Mobility and Chronic Health Conditions in Middle and Later Life: A Systematic Review. Int J Behav Med 2023; 30:605-615. [PMID: 36241951 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-022-10135-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Occupational mobility at various stages in the life course may have a cumulative impact on health outcomes and trajectory. This study aims to (1) systematically review empirical evidence regarding the impact of intergenerational and intra-generational occupational mobility on chronic health conditions in middle and later life; and (2) assess the collective evidence on the health consequences of different types of occupational mobility. METHOD A systematic review of literature was carried out by searching three databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, and SocINDEX) and the reference lists. Eligible studies examined the impact of occupational mobility on at least one chronic health condition among adults aged 35 years or above. The quality of each included study was assessed by standardized tools. RESULTS Out of 170 identified publications, 16 studies based on 12 independent data sets met the inclusion criteria. There is moderately strong evidence that downward intergenerational occupational mobility and stable low occupational status across generations were associated with worse chronic health conditions. The relationships to chronic health conditions were more pronounced for intergenerational occupational mobility than for intra-generational occupational mobility. Gender differences were observed in the relationship between occupational mobility and health. CONCLUSION Career advancement interventions should target both the career starters and older employees. More generous unemployment insurance systems are suggested in less egalitarian countries, especially during economic recession periods. Future studies of occupational mobility should give more attention to women and people from developing and Eastern countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Fu
- Department of Sociology, Siena College, 515 Loudon Rd., Loudonville, NY, 12211, USA.
| | | | - Tara Campbell
- Integrated Program in Nutrition and Dietetics, Hunter College, New York, NY, USA
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2
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Bansal M, Gupta TK. Dietary Risk Factors in Upper Aero-Digestive Tract Cancers. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2022; 74:6356-6361. [PMID: 36742786 PMCID: PMC9895565 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-022-03093-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Upper AeroDigestive Tract (UADT) cancers are most common, invasive and have high morbidity. The two leading risk factors, smoking and alcohol, are well known but there is a long list of other risk factors which are not that well talked about. The aim of this study was to ascertain the dietary factors which could be important in their prevention.The PubMed and Google Scholar databases were searched for relevant studies from January 2001 to November 2021. Refined grains were found directly related to the risk of UADT cancer while the whole grain cereals were found protective. Significant inverse associations were observed for the highest compared to the lowest tertile of whole grains and yellow/orange vegetables. Stricter adherence to the Mediterranean diet was seen associated with a substantial and significant decrease in UADT cancer risk. A significant inverse association was also found between yoghurt intake and UADT cancer risk. Consumption of three or more cups of coffee per day was found to have a significant inverse association with UADT cancer. Carcinogenicity of cannabis consumption was observed for regular cannabis smokers (> 1 per day for years). The current study concludes that the protective dietary factors have substantial activity in the prevention of UADT cancer. Nevertheless, basic research is required in investigating the role of these dietary factors and valid biomarkers will be important for chemoprevention studies. The basic research on risk factors on the basis of current knowledge would ultimately lead to the better prevention of UADT cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan Bansal
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Parul Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Parul University, Limda, Waghodia, Vadodara, Gujarat India
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Hoven H, Siegrist J, Goldberg M, Ribet C, Zins M, Wahrendorf M. Intragenerational social mobility and depressive symptoms. Results from the French CONSTANCES cohort study. SSM Popul Health 2019; 7:100351. [PMID: 30705934 PMCID: PMC6349560 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2019.100351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To further explain the association between low socioeconomic position and increased risk of poor health, research started to consider life course conditions, including previous occupational positions and patterns of social mobility in the analysis. We describe patterns of intragenerational social mobility and investigate their associations with depressive symptoms. METHODS We use data from the French CONSTANCES study, a population-based cohort and restrict the sample to people aged 45 to 60. Based on detailed retrospective data with annual information on respondents' occupational position, we assess the modal social class for two time periods - early adulthood (age 25-34) and mid-adulthood (age 35-44). Depressive symptoms are measured by the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), using sex-specific cut-points. RESULTS Our study reveals that most respondents remained in stable working careers, but these careers were less frequent amongst participants with lower socioeconomic positions compared with higher ones. In contrast to several earlier findings we observe no independent associations of intragenerational social mobility processes and health once the social positions of origin and destination are considered. However, our findings confirm a social gradient in the prevalence of depressive symptoms for stable working careers. CONCLUSIONS Our findings underline the importance of integrating data into analysis on starting and ending points of social mobility processes within entire histories of labor market participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanno Hoven
- Centre for Health and Society, Institute of Medical Sociology, Medical Faculty, University of Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Johannes Siegrist
- Senior professorship on work stress research, Medical Faculty, University of Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marcel Goldberg
- INSERM, Population-based Epidemiological Cohorts Unit, UMS 011, Villejuif, France
- Paris Descartes University, France
| | - Céline Ribet
- INSERM, Population-based Epidemiological Cohorts Unit, UMS 011, Villejuif, France
- Paris Descartes University, France
| | - Marie Zins
- INSERM, Population-based Epidemiological Cohorts Unit, UMS 011, Villejuif, France
- Paris Descartes University, France
| | - Morten Wahrendorf
- Centre for Health and Society, Institute of Medical Sociology, Medical Faculty, University of Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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Menvielle G, Dugas J, Franck JE, Carton M, Trétarre B, Stücker I, Luce D. Occupational prestige trajectory and the risk of lung and head and neck cancer among men and women in France. Int J Public Health 2017; 63:833-845. [PMID: 29222577 DOI: 10.1007/s00038-017-1063-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/25/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed at investigating the associations between occupational prestige trajectories and lung and head and neck (HN) cancer risk and to assess to what extent smoking, alcohol drinking, and occupational exposures contribute to these associations. METHODS Using data from the ICARE case-control study (controls (2676 men/715 women), lung cancers (2019 men/558 women), HN cancers (1793 men/305 women), we defined occupational prestige trajectories using group-based modeling of longitudinal data. We conducted logistic regression models. RESULTS Among men, a gradient was observed from the downward "low to very low" trajectory to the stable very high trajectory. The associations were reduced when adjusting for tobacco and alcohol consumption and occupational exposures. Among women, when compared to the stable high trajectory, there was an increased cancer risk in all trajectories. The associations remained globally unchanged or even increased after adjustment for tobacco and alcohol consumption and did not change when adjusting for occupational exposures. The ORs were smaller for lung than for HN cancers in men. CONCLUSIONS Occupational prestige trajectory is strongly associated with lung and HN cancer risk in men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwenn Menvielle
- INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'épidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP UMRS 1136), Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Paris, France.
| | - Julien Dugas
- INSERM, U 1085_IRSET, Pointe-À-Pitre, France.,University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Jeanna-Eve Franck
- INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'épidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP UMRS 1136), Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Paris, France
| | - Matthieu Carton
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, DRCI, Biométriesaint-Cloud, France
| | | | - Isabelle Stücker
- UVSQ, CESP, INSERM, Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer Team, University Paris Sud, Paris Saclay University, Villejuif, France
| | - Danièle Luce
- INSERM, U 1085_IRSET, Pointe-À-Pitre, France.,University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France
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5
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Gupta B, Johnson NW. Emerging and established global life-style risk factors for cancer of the upper aero-digestive tract. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 15:5983-91. [PMID: 25124561 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.15.5983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Upper aero-digestive tract cancer is a multidimensional problem, international trends showing complex rises and falls in incidence and mortality across the globe, with variation across different cultural and socio-economic groups. This paper seeks some explanations and identifies some research and policy needs. METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH The literature illustrates the multifactorial nature of carcinogenesis. At the cellular level, it is viewed as a multistep process involving multiple mutations and selection for cells with progressively increasing capacity for proliferation, survival, invasion, and metastasis. Established and emerging risk factors, in addition to changes in incidence and prevalence of cancers of the upper aero-digestive tract, were identified. RISK FACTORS Exposure to tobacco and alcohol, as well as diets inadequate in fresh fruits and vegetables, remain the major risk factors, with persistent infection by particular so-called "high risk" genotypes of human papillomavirus increasingly recognised as also playing an important role in a subset of cases, particularly for the oropharynx. Chronic trauma to oral mucosa from poor restorations and prostheses, in addition to poor oral hygiene with a consequent heavy microbial load in the mouth, are also emerging as significant risk factors. CONCLUSIONS Understanding and quantifying the impact of individual risk factors for these cancers is vital for health decision-making, planning and prevention. National policies and programmes should be designed and implemented to control exposure to environmental risks, by legislation if necessary, and to raise awareness so that people are provided with the information and support they need to adopt healthy lifestyles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhawna Gupta
- School of Dentistry and Population and Social Health Research Programme, 2Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia E-mail :
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6
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Akinyemiju T, Ogunsina K, Sakhuja S, Ogbhodo V, Braithwaite D. Life-course socioeconomic status and breast and cervical cancer screening: analysis of the WHO's Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE). BMJ Open 2016; 6:e012753. [PMID: 27881528 PMCID: PMC5129035 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-012753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Socioeconomic differences in screening have been well documented in upper-income countries; however, few studies have examined socioeconomic status (SES) over the life-course in relation to cancer screening in lower-income and middle-income countries. Here, we examine individual, parental and life-course SES differences in breast and cervical cancer screening among women in India, China, Mexico, Russia and South Africa. SETTING Data from the WHO's Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE) 2007-2008 data were used for survey-weighted multivariable regression analysis. We examined the association between individual, parental and life-course SES in relation to breast and cervical cancer screening using education-based and employment-based measures of SES. PARTICIPANTS 22 283 women aged 18-65 years, recruited from China, India, Mexico, Russia and South Africa. RESULTS Having a college degree (OR 4.18; 95% CI 2.36 to 7.40) increased the odds of breast cancer screening compared with no formal education. Women with higher parental SES were almost 10 times more likely to receive breast cancer screening (OR 9.84; 95% CI 1.75 to 55.5) compared with women with low parental SES. Stable higher life-course (OR 3.07; 95% CI 1.96 to 4.79) increased breast cancer screening by threefold and increased cervical cancer screening by more than fourfold (OR 4.35; 95% CI 2.94 to 6.45); however, declining life-course SES was associated with reduced breast cancer screening (OR 0.26; 95% CI 0.08 to 0.79) compared to low life-course SES. CONCLUSIONS Higher individual, parental and life-course SES was positively associated with breast and cervical cancer screening, although education-based SES measures were stronger predictors of screening compared with employment-based measures. Improving knowledge of the benefits of cancer screening and integrating cancer screening into routine healthcare practice for low SES women are actionable strategies that may significantly improve screening rates in low-income and middle-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomi Akinyemiju
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Kemi Ogunsina
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Swati Sakhuja
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Valentine Ogbhodo
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Dejana Braithwaite
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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7
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Behrens T, Groß I, Siemiatycki J, Conway DI, Olsson A, Stücker I, Guida F, Jöckel KH, Pohlabeln H, Ahrens W, Brüske I, Wichmann HE, Gustavsson P, Consonni D, Merletti F, Richiardi L, Simonato L, Fortes C, Parent ME, McLaughlin J, Demers P, Landi MT, Caporaso N, Zaridze D, Szeszenia-Dabrowska N, Rudnai P, Lissowska J, Fabianova E, Tardón A, Field JK, Dumitru RS, Bencko V, Foretova L, Janout V, Kromhout H, Vermeulen R, Boffetta P, Straif K, Schüz J, Hovanec J, Kendzia B, Pesch B, Brüning T. Occupational prestige, social mobility and the association with lung cancer in men. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:395. [PMID: 27388894 PMCID: PMC4936282 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2432-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The nature of the association between occupational social prestige, social mobility, and risk of lung cancer remains uncertain. Using data from the international pooled SYNERGY case-control study, we studied the association between lung cancer and the level of time-weighted average occupational social prestige as well as its lifetime trajectory. METHODS We included 11,433 male cases and 14,147 male control subjects. Each job was translated into an occupational social prestige score by applying Treiman's Standard International Occupational Prestige Scale (SIOPS). SIOPS scores were categorized as low, medium, and high prestige (reference). We calculated odds ratios (OR) with 95 % confidence intervals (CI), adjusting for study center, age, smoking, ever employment in a job with known lung carcinogen exposure, and education. Trajectories in SIOPS categories from first to last and first to longest job were defined as consistent, downward, or upward. We conducted several subgroup and sensitivity analyses to assess the robustness of our results. RESULTS We observed increased lung cancer risk estimates for men with medium (OR = 1.23; 95 % CI 1.13-1.33) and low occupational prestige (OR = 1.44; 95 % CI 1.32-1.57). Although adjustment for smoking and education reduced the associations between occupational prestige and lung cancer, they did not explain the association entirely. Traditional occupational exposures reduced the associations only slightly. We observed small associations with downward prestige trajectories, with ORs of 1.13, 95 % CI 0.88-1.46 for high to low, and 1.24; 95 % CI 1.08-1.41 for medium to low trajectories. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that occupational prestige is independently associated with lung cancer among men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Behrens
- />Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance (IPA), Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789 Bochum, Germany
| | - Isabelle Groß
- />Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance (IPA), Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789 Bochum, Germany
| | - Jack Siemiatycki
- />Hospital Research Center (CRCHUM) and School of Public Health, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - David I. Conway
- />Dental School, College of Medicine Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G2 3JZ UK
| | - Ann Olsson
- />International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
- />Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Isabelle Stücker
- />Inserm, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), U1018, Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer Team, F-94807 Villejuif, France
- />University Paris-Sud, UMRS 1018, F-94807 Villejuif, France
| | - Florence Guida
- />Inserm, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), U1018, Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer Team, F-94807 Villejuif, France
- />University Paris-Sud, UMRS 1018, F-94807 Villejuif, France
| | - Karl-Heinz Jöckel
- />Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Hermann Pohlabeln
- />Leibniz-Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology -BIPS GmbH, Bremen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Ahrens
- />Leibniz-Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology -BIPS GmbH, Bremen, Germany
- />Institute for Statistics, University Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Irene Brüske
- />Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Heinz-Erich Wichmann
- />Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- />Institute of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Per Gustavsson
- />Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dario Consonni
- />Unit of Epidemiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Franco Merletti
- />Department of Medical Sciences, Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Richiardi
- />Department of Medical Sciences, Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Simonato
- />Department of Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Public Health and Population Studies, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Cristina Fortes
- />Epidemiology Unit, Istituto Dermopatico dell’Immacolata, Rome, Italy
| | - Marie-Elise Parent
- />INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, Université du Québec, Laval, Québec Canada
| | - John McLaughlin
- />Cancer Care Ontario, Occupational Cancer Research Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - Paul Demers
- />Cancer Care Ontario, Occupational Cancer Research Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - Maria Teresa Landi
- />National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Bethesda, USA
| | - Neil Caporaso
- />National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Bethesda, USA
| | - David Zaridze
- />Institute of Carcinogenesis, Russian Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Peter Rudnai
- />National Centre for Public Health, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Jolanta Lissowska
- />The M Sklodowska-Curie Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Eleonora Fabianova
- />Regional Authority of Public Health, Preventive Occupational Medicine, Banska Bystrica, Slovakia
| | - Adonina Tardón
- />Molecular Epidemiology of Cancer Unit, University of Oviedo-Ciber de Epidemiologia, CIBERESP, Oviedo, Spain
| | - John K. Field
- />Roy Castle Lung Cancer Research Programme, The University of Liverpool Cancer Research Centre, Liverpool, UK
- />Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Vladimir Bencko
- />Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Foretova
- />Department of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute and Medical Faculty of Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Janout
- />Faculty of Medicine, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- />Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Hans Kromhout
- />Environmental Epidemiology Division, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- />Environmental Epidemiology Division, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- />The Tisch Cancer Institute and Institute for Translational Epidemiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Kurt Straif
- />International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Joachim Schüz
- />International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Jan Hovanec
- />Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance (IPA), Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789 Bochum, Germany
| | - Benjamin Kendzia
- />Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance (IPA), Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789 Bochum, Germany
| | - Beate Pesch
- />Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance (IPA), Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789 Bochum, Germany
| | - Thomas Brüning
- />Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance (IPA), Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789 Bochum, Germany
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Gupta B, Lalloo R, Johnson NW. Life course models for upper aero-digestive tract cancer. Int Dent J 2015; 65:111-9. [PMID: 25939378 DOI: 10.1111/idj.12167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Upper aero-digestive tract (UADT) cancers are collectively cancers of various human body sites, such as the oral cavity, pharynx, oesophagus and larynx. Worldwide, they are the fourth most frequent cancer type and the fourth most common cause of mortality from cancer. Many studies have shown that several chronic diseases, such as cancer, which occur more commonly in later adulthood, are influenced by social and psychological circumstances during birth, childhood, adolescence and early adult life. It is suggested that the build up of problematic circumstances throughout life is the cause of disease, rather than circumstances that happen at one point in time. UADT cancer is a chronic disease of complex multifactorial origin and most of the underlying exposures/risks cannot be considered as individual factors or in isolation, as they act at different levels, which differ from time to time. Thus, life-course epidemiology, rather than drawing false dichotomies between different risk factors of the underlying disease, attempts to integrate biological and social risk processes that cause the chronic disease. It studies how socially patterned exposures during all stages of life--childhood, adolescence and early adult--influence disease risk in adulthood and socio-economic position and hence may account for social inequalities in adult health and mortality. Furthermore, varying health effects, according to the timing or duration of exposure to socio-economic circumstances, may indicate important traces to the causes of cancer. In this paper, we have attempted to draw a conceptual framework on the relationships between socio-economic inequalities, oral health risk factors along the life-course of an individual and incidence of UADT cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhawna Gupta
- Population and Social Health Research Programme, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.,School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Ratilal Lalloo
- School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.,Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health (ARCPOH), School of Dentistry, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Newell W Johnson
- Population and Social Health Research Programme, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
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9
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Ahrens W, Pohlabeln H, Foraita R, Nelis M, Lagiou P, Lagiou A, Bouchardy C, Slamova A, Schejbalova M, Merletti F, Richiardi L, Kjaerheim K, Agudo A, Castellsague X, Macfarlane TV, Macfarlane GJ, Lee YCA, Talamini R, Barzan L, Canova C, Simonato L, Thomson P, McKinney PA, McMahon AD, Znaor A, Healy CM, McCartan BE, Metspalu A, Marron M, Hashibe M, Conway DI, Brennan P. Oral health, dental care and mouthwash associated with upper aerodigestive tract cancer risk in Europe: the ARCAGE study. Oral Oncol 2014; 50:616-25. [PMID: 24680035 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2014.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Revised: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to assess the association of oral health (OH), dental care (DC) and mouthwash with upper-aerodigestive tract (UADT) cancer risk, and to examine the extent that enzymes involved in the metabolism of alcohol modify the effect of mouthwash. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included 1963 patients with incident cancer of the oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx, larynx or esophagus and 1993 controls. Subjects were interviewed about their oral health and dental care behaviors (which were converted to scores of OH and DC respectively), as well as smoking, alcohol drinking, diet, occupations, medical conditions and socio-economic status. Blood samples were taken for genetic analyses. Mouthwash use was analyzed in relation to the presence of polymorphisms of alcohol-metabolizing genes known to be associated with UADT. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95%-confidence intervals [CI] were estimated with multiple logistic regression models adjusting for multiple confounders. RESULTS Fully adjusted ORs of low versus high scores of DC and OH were 2.36[CI=1.51-3.67] and 2.22[CI=1.45-3.41], respectively, for all UADT sites combined. The OR for frequent use of mouthwash use (3 or more times/day) was 3.23[CI=1.68-6.19]. The OR for the rare variant ADH7 (coding for fast ethanol metabolism) was lower in mouthwash-users (OR=0.53[CI=0.35-0.81]) as compared to never-users (OR=0.97[CI=0.73-1.29]) indicating effect modification (pheterogeneity=0.065) while no relevant differences were observed between users and non-users for the variant alleles of ADH1B, ADH1C or ALDH2. CONCLUSIONS Poor OH and DC seem to be independent risk factors for UADT because corresponding risk estimates remain substantially elevated after detailed adjustment for multiple confounders. Whether mouthwash use may entail some risk through the alcohol content in most formulations on the market remains to be fully clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Ahrens
- Department of Epidemiological Methods and Etiologic Research, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany; Institute for Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.
| | - Hermann Pohlabeln
- Department of Biometry and Data Management, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Ronja Foraita
- Department of Biometry and Data Management, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Mari Nelis
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Pagona Lagiou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Areti Lagiou
- Faculty of Health Professions, Athens Technological Educational Institute, Athens, Greece
| | - Christine Bouchardy
- Geneva Cancer Registry, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Geneva Cancer Registry, IMSP, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Alena Slamova
- Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University of Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Miriam Schejbalova
- Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University of Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Franco Merletti
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, CeRMS and CPO Piemonte University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Richiardi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, CeRMS and CPO Piemonte University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Agudo
- Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), CIBERESP, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Castellsague
- Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), CIBERESP, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tatiana V Macfarlane
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Gary J Macfarlane
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Yuan-Chin Amy Lee
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Division of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Utah, USA
| | | | | | - Cristina Canova
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Laboratory of Public Health and Population Studies, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Simonato
- Laboratory of Public Health and Population Studies, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Peter Thomson
- School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Patricia A McKinney
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Alex D McMahon
- Glasgow Dental School, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Ariana Znaor
- Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Claire M Healy
- Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Bernad E McCartan
- Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland; School of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Andres Metspalu
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia; Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia; Center of Translational Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Manuela Marron
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France; Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Mia Hashibe
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Division of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Utah, USA; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - David I Conway
- Glasgow Dental School, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Brennan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France.
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10
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Marron M, Boffetta P, Møller H, Ahrens W, Pohlabeln H, Benhamou S, Bouchardy C, Lagiou P, Lagiou A, Slámová A, Schejbalová M, Merletti F, Richiardi L, Kjaerheim K, Agudo A, Castellsague X, Macfarlane TV, Macfarlane GJ, Talamini R, Barzan L, Canova C, Simonato L, Biggs AM, Thomson P, Conway DI, McKinney PA, Znaor A, Healy CM, McCartan BE, Brennan P, Hashibe M. Risk of upper aerodigestive tract cancer and type of alcoholic beverage: a European multicenter case–control study. Eur J Epidemiol 2012; 27:499-517. [DOI: 10.1007/s10654-012-9699-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Accepted: 05/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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11
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Hofman A, van Duijn CM, Franco OH, Ikram MA, Janssen HLA, Klaver CCW, Kuipers EJ, Nijsten TEC, Stricker BHC, Tiemeier H, Uitterlinden AG, Vernooij MW, Witteman JCM. The Rotterdam Study: 2012 objectives and design update. Eur J Epidemiol 2011; 26:657-86. [PMID: 21877163 PMCID: PMC3168750 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-011-9610-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 263] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2011] [Accepted: 08/08/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The Rotterdam Study is a prospective cohort study ongoing since 1990 in the city of Rotterdam in The Netherlands. The study targets cardiovascular, endocrine, hepatic, neurological, ophthalmic, psychiatric, dermatological, oncological, and respiratory diseases. As of 2008, 14,926 subjects aged 45 years or over comprise the Rotterdam Study cohort. The findings of the Rotterdam Study have been presented in over a 1,000 research articles and reports (see www.erasmus-epidemiology.nl/rotterdamstudy ). This article gives the rationale of the study and its design. It also presents a summary of the major findings and an update of the objectives and methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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