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Imam N, El-Shamy AS, Abdelaziz GS, Belal DM. Influence of the industrial pollutant on water quality, radioactivity levels, and biological communities in Ismailia Canal, Nile River, Egypt. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:26855-26879. [PMID: 38456982 PMCID: PMC11052782 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32672-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
In the twenty-first century, numerous forms of pollution have adversely impacted freshwater and the entire aquatic ecosystem. The higher population density in urban areas also contributes to increased releases of substances and thermal contaminants, significantly stressing the ecosystem of industrial companies. This study aimed to assess the potential pressure of industrial and municipal activities on water quality, radioactivity levels, and biological diversity, focusing on the consequences of radionuclides on periphytic diatom communities. Furthermore, the environmental impact of pollutants will be evaluated to monitor the ecological condition of the Ismailia Canal. Chemical analyses employed various instruments and methods to identify and quantify matter, with radionuclide elements measured by gamma spectrometry and diatoms counted and identified by inverted microscopy. Our results revealed that the canal was classified as excellent for irrigation, aquatic life, and drinking water based on FAO, CCME, and EWQS water quality indices, with high nutrient levels at Abu Za'baal fertilizer company. The activity concentration of 226Ra-series, 232Th-series, and 40K in the water and sediment samples for two seasons was within the guideline values, except for a few stations in the zone [B] (the industrial zone). Fertilizer samples (raw material) showed a high value of the 226Ra-series activity. Diatom community structure significantly varied across the different canal locations regarding the presence or absence of industrial activities, with no discernible variations between the study seasons. A specific variety of algal species was found to be predominant at the highest radioactive sites. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed a significant correlation between parameters (pH, Na, TDS, PO4, SO4, SiO2, K, and CO3), radionuclides, environmental conditions, and the composition of the diatom community, especially in the area affected by industrial discharges. Moreover, the radiological hazard index in water and sediment remained below the maximum for two seasons. This research provides valuable data and information for communities and decision-makers, suggesting the strategic use of phycoremediation as a water biotreatment process to protect the valuable economic resources of the Ismailia Canal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha Imam
- Physics and Geology Lab., Freshwater and Lakes Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, 101 Kaser El Aini Street, Cairo, 11516, Egypt.
| | - Amr S El-Shamy
- Chemistry Lab., Freshwater and Lakes Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ghada S Abdelaziz
- Chemistry Lab., Freshwater and Lakes Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dalia M Belal
- Hydrobiology Lab., Freshwater and Lakes Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Cairo, Egypt
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Ali S, Baloch SB, Bernas J, Konvalina P, Onyebuchi EF, Naveed M, Ali H, Jamali ZH, Nezhad MTK, Mustafa A. Phytotoxicity of radionuclides: A review of sources, impacts and remediation strategies. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 240:117479. [PMID: 37884073 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Various anthropogenic activities and natural sources contribute to the presence of radioactive materials in the environment, posing a serious threat to phytotoxicity. Contamination of soil and water by radioactive isotopes degrades the environmental quality and biodiversity. They persist in soils for a considerable amount of time and disturb the fauna and flora of any affected area. Hence, their removal from the contaminated medium is inevitable to prevent their entry into the food chain and the organisms at higher levels of the food chain. Physicochemical methods for radioactive element remediation are effective; however, they are not eco-friendly, can be expensive and impractical for large-scale remediation. Contrastingly, different bioremediation approaches, such as phytoremediation using appropriate plant species for removing the radionuclides from the polluted sites, and microbe-based remediation, represent promising alternatives for cleanup. In this review, sources of radionuclides in soil as well as their hazardous impacts on plants are discussed. Moreover, various conventional physicochemical approaches used for remediation discussed in detail. Similarly, the effectiveness and superiority of various bioremediation approaches, such as phytoremediation and microbe-based remediation, over traditional approaches have been explained in detail. In the end, future perspectives related to enhancing the efficiency of the phytoremediation process have been elaborated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahzaib Ali
- Department of Agroecosystems, Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Branišovská 1645/31A, 37005, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Sadia Babar Baloch
- Department of Agroecosystems, Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Branišovská 1645/31A, 37005, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Bernas
- Department of Agroecosystems, Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Branišovská 1645/31A, 37005, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.
| | - Petr Konvalina
- Department of Agroecosystems, Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Branišovská 1645/31A, 37005, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Eze Festus Onyebuchi
- Department of Agroecosystems, Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Branišovská 1645/31A, 37005, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Muhammad Naveed
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Hassan Ali
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Zameer Hussain Jamali
- College of Environmental Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mohammad Tahsin Karimi Nezhad
- Department of Forest Ecology, The Silva Tarouca Research Institute for Landscape and Ornamental 13 Gardening, Lidicka, 25/27, Brno, 60200, Czech Republic
| | - Adnan Mustafa
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou, 510650, China.
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Shesha S, Rangegowda RD, Erathimmaiah S, Dongre S, Jadiyappa SJ. Assessment of natural radioactivity levels and potential radiological risks of commonly used building materials in Uttara Kannada District, Karnataka, India. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2023; 199:2531-2536. [PMID: 38126850 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncad212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The main goal of this study is to evaluate the natural radioactivity and potential radiological risks of frequently used building materials in Uttara Kannada district. Using an High purity Germanium Detector (HPGe) detector-based gamma-ray spectrometer, the activity concentration of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K was determined. The activity concentration of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in the construction materials vary from 13.78 ± 0.90 to 151.9 ± 1.85, 14.21 ± 0.80 to 207.72 ± 2.9 and 55.26 ± 1.20 to 1298.24 ± 25 Bq kg-1 with an average value of 40.57 ± 1.37,60.13 ± 1.70 and 425.38 ± 4.75 Bq kg-1 having a geometric mean of 33.07, 46.49 and 290.20 Bq kg-1, respectively. The mean annual effective dose equivalent was found to be 0.68 mSv y-1 and is less than the International Commission on Radiological Protection proposed acceptable limit of 1 mSv y-1. The estimated radiological hazard parameters show that these building materials are safe to use in the construction of homes and do not offer a substantial source of radiation hazard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Shesha
- Department of Physics, M.P.E Society's S.D.M Degree College, Honavar, Uttara Kannada, Karnataka 581334, India
| | | | - Srinivasa Erathimmaiah
- Department of Physics, PES University, Hosur Road, Electronic city, Bangalore, Karnataka 560100, India
| | - Sandeep Dongre
- Department of Physics, Kuvempu University, Shankaraghatta, Shivamogga, Karnataka 577451, India
| | - Sannappa J Jadiyappa
- Department of Physics, Kuvempu University, Shankaraghatta, Shivamogga, Karnataka 577451, India
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Oladele BB, Ugbede FO, Arogunjo AM. Study of activity concentrations of 40K, 238U and 232Th for assessment of radiation dose in agricultural soils of southwestern Nigeria. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2023; 33:1640-1651. [PMID: 36041221 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2022.2114593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Gamma spectrometric measurement of natural radionuclides activity concentrations by HPGe detectors was conducted in 150 agricultural soil samples collected from six states of southwestern Nigeria. The overall activity concentrations of radionuclides ranged from 15.27 to 972.00 Bqkg-1 for 40K, 0.66 to 336.19 Bqkg-1 for 232Th and 1.32 to 123.01 Bqkg-1 for 238U, with mean values of 143.95, 17.02 and 22.92 Bqkg-1, respectively. The overall averages results from this study were generally lower than worldwide average value of 420, 33 and 45 Bqkg-1 for 40K, 238U and 232Th, respectively, thus minimal transfer to plant may be expected. The estimated radiation dose levels of the soil indicated acceptable limits for general public exposure. The radioactivity levels of 40K, 232Th and 238U in the investigated agricultural soil of southwestern Nigeria are within acceptable limits. Therefore, stochastic radiological health effects of radiation exposure by farmers may not be feasible at the current moment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fredrick Oghenebrorie Ugbede
- Department of Physics with Electronics, Evangel University, Akaeze, Nigeria
- Department of Physics, Dennis Sadebay University, Asaba, Nigeria
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Sezgin N, Cumali BO, Aysal N, Kajjumba GW, Nemlioglu S. Radiological hazard assessment of natural radioactivity in Avcilar region, Turkey: a case of Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa Avcilar Campus. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2023; 33:1443-1455. [PMID: 35794682 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2022.2098259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Radionuclides 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K can be found in various concentrations in the surface soil. High concentrations of radionuclides in the surface soil may cause radiological risks. This study investigated natural radioactivity levels and artificial radionuclide (137Cs) levels in the Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Avcilar region, Istanbul, Turkey. Radioactivity concentrations were analyzed using the gamma-ray spectrometer. The mean activity concentration of 226Ra, 232Th, 40K, and 137Cs is 28.55, 29.57, 385.72, and 3.09 Bq kg-1, respectively. Radiological parameters radium equivalent activity, absorbed dose rate, annual effective dose equivalent, external hazard index, and excess lifetime cancer risk were calculated using activity concentrations. The radiological parameters values were lower than UNSCEAR values, except for the annual gonadal dose equivalent (approximately 10% higher). There is a strong correlation between radiological parameters and radionuclides. Generally, the activities of radionuclides in the region fall within the recommended limits, thus Istanbul-Avcilar region can be considered safe for settlement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naim Sezgin
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Environmental Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bilge Ozdogan Cumali
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Environmental Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Namik Aysal
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Geology Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - George William Kajjumba
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Construction, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Semih Nemlioglu
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Environmental Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
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Tagiverdiev SS, Kozyrev DA, Gorbov SN, Buraeva EA, Bezuglova OS. Activity concentration and distribution of 40K in the soil profile of the Rostov agglomeration. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:1147. [PMID: 37668825 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11769-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
The activity concentration of 40K in soils of Rostov agglomeration was studied. Natural and anthropogenically modified soils of Rostov agglomeration were studied: Haplic Chernozems, Haplic Chernozems (Technic), Urbic Technosols. Activity concentration 40K in soils was measured by gamma-spectrometric method of radionuclide analysis. The total mass fraction of K2O was determined by X-ray fluorescence method on a Spectroscan MAKS-GV instrument. Knowing the total mass fraction of K2O, we calculated its potential radioactivity based on the fact that one gram of natural potassium has an activity concentration of 28.5 Bq. Comparison of the two methods allows estimating the involvement of 40K in biogenic cycles. No significant differences between the actual and calculated activity concentration of 40K in the soil-forming rock were revealed, while in horizons A and B the calculated activity is significantly higher. At the same time, there are no reliable differences between native and their buried analogs. The direct influence of the granulometric composition on the activity concentration of 40K was not established, but in the urban horizons with lightened granulometric composition the average activity of 40K is the lowest by reliably significant values when comparing this index with native, buried horizons and the group of heavy urban horizons. This implies that 40K is more actively involved in biogenic cycles than its stable isotopes. The burial under urban deposits is accompanied by a weak change in the activity concentration of 40K in the profile, while the difference between genetic horizons is leveled out.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Tagiverdiev
- Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation.
| | - D A Kozyrev
- Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
| | - S N Gorbov
- Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
| | - E A Buraeva
- Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
| | - O S Bezuglova
- Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
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Oladele BB, Ugbede FO, Arogunjo AM, Ajayi OS, Pereira A. Gamma spectroscopy study of soil-plant transfer factor characteristics of 40K, 232Th and 226Ra in some crops cultivated in southwestern region of Nigeria. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19377. [PMID: 37662744 PMCID: PMC10474469 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil-plant transfer factor (TF) is one of the vital variables employed in assessing plants uptake of radionuclides and their transfer to food chain for predictive ingestion dose and risk evaluation. To further this goal, the TF characteristics of natural 40K, 232Th and 226Ra were thus investigated in some crops (yam, cassava, rice, maize, groundnut, cowpea, okra, pumpkin leaf, banana and pawpaw) cultivated in southwestern part of Nigeria using HPGe gamma spectroscopy. The obtained results of activity concentration (AC) of the radionuclides across all the cultivated soil samples indicated average values that are less than the global average, whereas in the crops, average values of 226Ra and 232Th, were higher than reference values for different crops group. The overall range of the calculated TF of 40K, 232Th and 226Ra across all the crops was 0.05 (in maize and cowpea) to 15.01 (in banana), 0.01 (in pumpkin leaf and groundnut) to 19.80 (in pawpaw), and 0.04 (in cassava) to 21.30 (in cowpea), respectively. Overall arithmetic mean and geometric mean were estimated as 2.66 and 1.60, 1.11 and 0.43, and 1.10 and 0.54 for 40K, 232Th and 226Ra, respectively. TFs mostly correlated negatively with soil radionuclides, while positive correlation was mostly noticeable in the case of crop. Log normal transform of the TFs data indicated a near normal distribution as against the calculated data. The derived results of this study is here presented as a baseline data suggested for possible radiological risk assessment of food chain of the local population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Oladele Samuel Ajayi
- Department of Physics, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Alcides Pereira
- Environmental Radioactivity Department, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Akinyemi OD, Kazeem S, Alatise O, Bada B, Alayaki F. Assessment of the multilevel correlations of the pollution indicators and lithological vulnerabilities in a passive limestone mining and cement producing environment. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:375. [PMID: 36757458 PMCID: PMC9909128 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-10914-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study presents the assessment of the air, soil, and water quality within the residential communities around two passive limestone mining/cement factories. The associations between the pollutants were tested across the media, within each medium, between the layers, and between two groups of the communities. The mean values for the PM1.0, PM2.5, and PM10 were 65.8 µgm-3, 50.1, and 73.7, respectively, in the air; for the Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Cr, K-40, U-238, and Th-232 were 0.433 g/kg, 8.950, 0.005, 0.054, 0.104, 161.57 Bq. kg-1, 61.10, and 15.85, respectively, in the topsoil; 0.365 g/kg, 8.259, 0.004, 0.029, 0.057, 71.84 Bq. kg-1, 16.37, 4.66, respectively, in the subsoil; and for the Mn, Fe, and Zn were 0.190, 1.499, and 0.256 mg/l, respectively, in the water. The PM10, Fe, and K-40 were the most abundant pollutants. The Co and Mn, Zn and Cu, Fe and Cu, the absorbed dose rate (ADR) and K-40, and ADR and U-238 correlated significantly. Though the Ibese group was more polluted than the Ewekoro group, the generally low levels of the pollutions were confirmatory of the earlier suspicions of the mining/production activities. The 2nd lithological layer at 0.5 to 1.9 m depths or the 3rd lithological layer at 1.1 to 7.69 m depths for the Ibese group and the 1st layer at the surface or the 2nd layer at 0.5 m depth for the Ewekoro group are protective layers for the groundwater that must not be exploited, given the three classes of groundwater vulnerability indices observed in the area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olukayode D Akinyemi
- Environmental Systems and Climate Change Programme, Africa Centre of Excellence in Agricultural Development and Sustainable Environment, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria.
- Department of Physics, College of Physical Sciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria.
| | - Sulaiman Kazeem
- Environmental Systems and Climate Change Programme, Africa Centre of Excellence in Agricultural Development and Sustainable Environment, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - Olufunmilayo Alatise
- Department of Physics, College of Physical Sciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - Babatunde Bada
- Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology, College of Environmental Resources Management, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - Funmilayo Alayaki
- Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
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Lemlem M, Chaubey A. Determination of dose derived from building materials and radiological health related effects from the indoor environment of Dessie city, Wollo, Ethiopia. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09066. [PMID: 35284680 PMCID: PMC8914123 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The eight most common construction materials in Dessie City were collected in order to determine the amount of natural radiation released and its effects on humans. This is the first time that such research has been conducted. A B13010 Gamma-ray spectrometry was used to determine the concentration of the daughter element photo peak (High Purity Germanium detector). These studies can be used to track changes in radioactivity caused by industrial and other human activities. The mean radioactivity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K were calculated to be 26.59 ± 3.26, 26.59 ± 2.76, and 115.65 ± 2.73 Bq kg−1, respectively. The calculated Radium equivalent activity (Raeq) and absorbed dose were lower than the global average. The estimated annual effective dose equivalent was 0.08 ± 0.01 mSv y−1. External and internal radiation hazard indices (Hex and Hin), activity utilization indices, alpha indices, and gamma representative indices are all lower than the world's recommended standards. The mean of the ELCR is lower than the global mean. The annual effective dose equivalent is slightly above the global average.
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Alzahrani JS, Almuqrin A, Alghamdi H, Albarzan B, Khandaker MU, Sayyed MI. Radiological monitoring in some coastal regions of the Saudi Arabian Gulf close to the Iranian Bushehr nuclear plant. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 175:113146. [PMID: 34823865 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.113146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We studied the concentrations of terrestrial and anthropogenic radionuclides in seawater and shore sediment/sand of three selected regions; Khafji, Safaniyah and Menifah along the Saudi Arabian Gulf coast. The mean activity concentrations of the 228Ra, 226Ra, and 40K in the analyzed sand samples are 5.9, 3.5 and 113.5 Bq/kg, and the respective values in seawater samples are 1.6, 0.8 and 10.4 Bq/L. All data show lower than the corresponding UNSCEAR (2000) reported world average values of 35, 30 and 400 Bq/kg for soil matrix. A few relevant radiological hazards were quantified by the estimation of the absorbed dose rate, and the results are compared with the prescribed limits set by international regulatory bodies. Measured data indicates that the studied coastal regions pose a negligible radiological hazards to the public, and show an insignificant radioactive loading to this coastal region by the Busher nuclear power plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamila S Alzahrani
- Physics Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aljawhara Almuqrin
- Physics Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hanan Alghamdi
- Physics Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Badriah Albarzan
- Physics Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mayeen Uddin Khandaker
- Centre for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - M I Sayyed
- Department of physics, Faculty of Science, Isra University, Amman, Jordan; Department of Nuclear Medicine Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University (IAU), P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.
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Suresh S, Rangaswamy DR, Sannappa J, Dongre S, Srinivasa E, Rajesh S. Estimation of natural radioactivity and assessment of radiation hazard indices in soil samples of Uttara Kannada district, Karnataka, India. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-021-08145-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Distributions and Risk Assessment of the Natural Radionuclides in the Soil of Shoubra El Kheima, South Nile Delta, Egypt. ATMOSPHERE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos13010098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Due to heightening concern about radiation hazards protection, activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, 40K in forty soil samples collected from Shoubra El Kheima in the South Nile Delta were measured using gamma-ray spectrometry. The mean activity concentrations of 226Ra and 40K were higher in 20% of the considered samples than the world average values. A comprehensive comparison with up-to-date data was carried out. Spatial distribution maps of the measured radionuclides and radiological parameters were generated. The distributions of natural radionuclides were influenced by the soil organic matter, clay content, and scavenger metals oxides, as well as differences in the physical and chemical attributes and solubility of these radionuclides. The results revealed that industrial activity and agricultural practices in the study area caused an incremental increase in 226Ra and 40K activity concentrations. It can be deduced that although there are intensive industrial activities in this area, the natural radiation that comes from the soil is normal and does not pose a significant radiological hazard to the public. The natural radioactivity of soil in this area needs to be monitored periodically to prevent unnecessary radiation exposure to inhabitants.
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Abate T. The activity concentrations of radionuclides 226Ra, 232Th and 40K of soil samples in the case of Metekel Zone, Ethiopia. EPJ NUCLEAR SCIENCES & TECHNOLOGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.1051/epjn/2022011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we have studied the concentration levels and corresponding radiological hazard indices of natural radioactive elements such as radium-226, thorium-232, and potassium-40 in soil samples collected from Metekel Zone, Ethiopia. We have determined the concentration levels with the help of gamma ray spectrometry. Accordingly, we obtained the average values for radioactive concentrations of radium, thorium, and potassium to be 64 Bq/kg, 70 Bq/kg, and 330 Bq/kg, respectively. The radiological hazard has been also determined from the pertinent concentration levels of radium, thorium and potassium isotopes. Therefore, we obtained that the radioisotopes have heterogeneous distribution which must be caused by the nature and types of the soil in the area where this investigation was conducted for.
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Sotiropoulou M, Mavrokefalou G, Florou H, Kritidis P. Determination and mapping of the spatial distribution of cesium-137 in the terrestrial environment of Greece, over a period of 28 years (1998 to 2015). ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2021; 193:591. [PMID: 34420128 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-09325-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we are applying the GIS techniques in order to record the data that have been collected for cesium-137, over the for the period 1998 to 2015, for the terrestrial environment in Greece. Following the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant (CNPP) accident in 1986, extended fieldwork was conducted for the determination of cesium-137 concentrations in the terrestrial environment. In 2011, in the light of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident, new campaigns were organized in order to assess the variation in cesium-137 activity concentrations. The measured data, combined with data taken from the databases of the Environmental Radioactivity Laboratory (NCSR'Demokritos', in Athens, Greece), as well as, from the European Atlas of Cesium Deposition on Europe, are being used for the spatial distribution analysis of cesium-137 in the country. Furthermore, are used for the temporal analysis of this radionuclide in a long-term basis. Moreover, we are using the ERICA Assessment Tool for the calculation of the dose rate that the studied organisms (plants of Poaceae spp. and mammals of Bovidae spp.) receive due to the exposure to cesium-137. All gathered information provides us with thematic maps, designed through the GIS techniques, that allow for an appropriate representation of cesium-137 presence in the country nowadays. This study provides an insightful view of the behavior of this anthropogenic radionuclide that is useful for future research in order to elucidate its behavior in long-term periods. The knowledge of the environmental fate of radionuclides is important because it contributes to the projection of long-term risks resulting from radionuclide releases, as well as, for the selection of cost-effective remediation strategies. Furthermore, it provides the opportunity to conduct a comprehensive risk assessment in the region, as the studied organisms were exposed to low-level ionizing radiation. But, as it was shown, on the level of ecosystem, no significant impact was estimated. However, regarding the future objectives, further consideration of the exposure levels should be considered while taking also into account the exposure to natural and background radiation and the exposure to spontaneous emission of anthropogenic radionuclides, especially if we want to consider the eventual effects of protracted low-level ionising radiation on the various levels of life's organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Sotiropoulou
- Environmental Radioactivity Laboratory, I.N.RA.S.T.E.S, National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos', Agia Paraskevi, 15310, Attiki, Greece.
| | - Georgia Mavrokefalou
- Environmental Radioactivity Laboratory, I.N.RA.S.T.E.S, National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos', Agia Paraskevi, 15310, Attiki, Greece
| | - Heleny Florou
- Environmental Radioactivity Laboratory, I.N.RA.S.T.E.S, National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos', Agia Paraskevi, 15310, Attiki, Greece
| | - Panayotis Kritidis
- Environmental Radioactivity Laboratory, I.N.RA.S.T.E.S, National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos', Agia Paraskevi, 15310, Attiki, Greece
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Ugbede FO, Osahon OD. Soil-to-plant transfer factors of 238U and 232Th in rice from Ezillo paddy fields, Ebonyi State, Nigeria. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2021; 233:106606. [PMID: 33812178 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2021.106606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The uptake of radionuclides by plants and their subsequent relocation to the human body through ingestion is one major pathway of human internal exposure. Thus, the present study was conducted to examine the levels of natural radionuclides, 238U and 232Th, in soil of Ezillo paddy fields (field 1 and field 2) at depths 0-4 cm and 4-8 cm, their transfer and accumulation in rice grains. The mean concentrations of both radionuclides in the soil were clearly greater than the UNSCEAR estimated worldwide average while that of the rice with values of 11.7 ± 4.3 and 3.0 ± 1.3 Bq/kg in field 1 and 8.5 ± 4.2 and 4.3 ± 1.6 Bq/kg in field 2 for 238U and 232Th respectively, were well below the worldwide average. The radionuclide transfer factors (TFs) across both depths ranged from 0.03 to 0.67 and 0.01 to 1.20 for 238U and 232Th respectively. The overall geometric means and geometric standard deviations of the TF estimated in field 1 were respectively 0.22 and 1.52 for 238U and 0.18 and 4.21 for 232Th (soil,0-4cm); 0.43 and 1.80 for 238U and 0.18 and 3.79 for 232Th (soil,4-8cm) whereas in field 2 the values were respectively 0.12 and 2.62 for 238U and 0.06 and 4.15 for 232Th (soil,0-4cm); 0.11 and 1.85 for 238U and 0.12 and 4.15 for 232Th (soil,4-8cm). The nuclide concentrations in the rice and the present TFs are within the ranges of values in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredrick Oghenebrorie Ugbede
- Department of Physics with Electronics, College of Science, Evangel University, Akaeze, Ebonyi State, Nigeria; Department of Physics, Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Benin, Benin-City, Edo State, Nigeria.
| | - Okhuomaruyi David Osahon
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Benin, Benin-City, Edo State, Nigeria
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16
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Wang Z, Ye Y. Assessment of soil radioactivity levels and radiation hazards in Guangyao Village, South China. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-021-07818-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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17
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Ugbede FO, Osahon OD, Agbalagba EO. Radiological Risk Assessment of 238U, 232Th and 40K in Soil and Their Uptake by Rice Cultivated in CAS Paddy Environment of Abakaliki, Nigeria. CHEMISTRY AFRICA 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s42250-021-00244-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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18
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Gamma spectrometric measurement of natural radionuclides and associated radiation hazards in soil of small-scale paddy farms along Enugu-Abakaliki express way, Southeastern Nigeria. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-021-07671-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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19
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Živković M, Zlatić N, Krstić D, Stanković M. Health risk assessment of natural and artificial radionuclides in medicinal plants. KRAGUJEVAC JOURNAL OF SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.5937/kgjsci2143015q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present work, we determined activity concentrations of ten Medicinal herbs using gamma spectrometry. The radioactivity concentration of 226 Ra, 232 Th, 40 K and 137 Cs were 2.82, 0.63, 984.32, 0.28 Bq/kg, respectively. These doses are not hazardous to the general public's health. The mean values of radium equivalent activity (Raeq), absorbed dose rates (D), annual effective dose (De) and external hazard index (Hex) are 79.51 Bq/kg, 42.73 nGy-1 , 52.40 µSv and 0.21, respectively. Medicinal plants used to make tea do not contain a concentration of tested radionuclides that would cause negative consequences to one's health.
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Romero-Hermida MI, Flores-Alés V, Hurtado-Bermúdez SJ, Santos A, Esquivias L. Environmental Impact of Phosphogypsum-Derived Building Materials. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E4248. [PMID: 32545903 PMCID: PMC7345951 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17124248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present work was to characterize the products obtained from the treatment of phosphogypsum residue by means of two recovery routes, and also to evaluate the concentrations of heavy metals and radionuclides in the materials obtained and their leachates. In this way, it is possible to determine how the most hazardous components of phosphogypsum behave during procedures until their stabilization through CO2 fixation. This study provides an initial estimate of the possibilities of reusing the resulting products from a health and safety risk standpoint and their potential polluting capacity. The phases resulting from the transformations were controlled, and the behaviour of standard mortars manufactured from the resulting paste lime was studied. In all cases, an additional control of the leachate products was performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. I. Romero-Hermida
- Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain; (M.I.R.-H.); (L.E.)
| | - V. Flores-Alés
- Construcciones Arquitectónicas II, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | | | - A. Santos
- De Ciencias de la Tierra, Universidad de Cádiz, 11519 Cádiz, Spain;
| | - L. Esquivias
- Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain; (M.I.R.-H.); (L.E.)
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla, CSIC—Universidad de Sevilla, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
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Kang TW, Park WP, Han YU, Bong KM, Kim K. Natural and artificial radioactivity in volcanic ash soils of Jeju Island, Republic of Korea, and assessment of the radiation hazards: importance of soil properties. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-020-07024-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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22
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Bramha S, Sahoo SK, Subramanian V, Venkatraman B, Rath P. Application of multivariate technique to evaluate spatial distribution of natural radionuclides along Tamil Nadu coastline, east coast of India. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-019-0716-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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23
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Nyamsari DG, Yalcin F, Mboh MT, Alfred FG, Yalcin MG. Natural radioactive risk assessment in top soil and possible health effect in Minim and Martap villages, Cameroon: using radioactive risk index and statistical analysis. KERNTECHNIK 2019. [DOI: 10.3139/124.110927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe Minim and Martap villages are famous for their richness in bauxite mineralization. Acute respiratory infection, known to stem from 238U and 232Th activities, is one of the main reasons to the mortality and morbidity of the over 40,000 local inhabitants. Radioactive elements in top of the soils of the area are potential causes to this infection. Therefore, the natural activity concentration of radioactive elements in the area was investigated. Top soil samples collected from the village settlement area and some plateaus were analyzed using methods LF700 (for 40K) and LF100 (for 238U and 232Th). The measured concentration of the elements was higher than the world mean value. Samples of felsic volcanic soils and rocks were identified to have the highest concentration of the elements. 232Th and 238U revealed relatively higher activity concentration while that of 40K was lower. Absorbed dose rate are higher in all the samples by a factor range of 1.2–2.1 times greater when compared to world average. Annual effective indoor and outdoor doses, radi-um equivalence (Raeq), internal (Hin) and external (Hex) hazard indexes, and the Excess lifetime cancer risks of samples, are all within the world averages by UNSCEAR.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. G. Nyamsari
- 1Akdeniz University, Engineering Geology, 07058, Antalya, Turkey
| | - F. Yalcin
- 2Akdeniz University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics, 07058, Antalya, Turkey
| | - M. T. Mboh
- 3State CAPAM, Inspector of classified State Institutions MINMIDT/Cameroon
| | - F. G. Alfred
- 3State CAPAM, Inspector of classified State Institutions MINMIDT/Cameroon
| | - M. G. Yalcin
- 1Akdeniz University, Engineering Geology, 07058, Antalya, Turkey
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24
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Distribution of naturally occurring radionuclides in soil around a coal-based power plant and their potential radiological risk assessment. RADIOCHIM ACTA 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/ract-2018-3044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Coal-fly-ash is one of the major byproducts of coal-based power plant in which naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORMs) are drastically enriched compared to those of feed coals. Thus, improper management of fly-ash may introduce additional radioactivity to the surrounding environment and cause radiological risk. So, in order to study the distribution of radionuclides in soil around a coal-based power plant and to evaluate their radiological risk, soil, coal and fly-ash samples were analyzed by using a HPGe detector for U-238, Ra-226, Th-232 and K-40 radioactivity concentrations. Furthermore, soil minerals were also studied by X-ray diffractometer to assess the mineralogical provenance of the radionuclides. Mean radioactivity concentrations (in Bq·kg−1) of U-238, Ra-226, Th-232 and K-40 in soil samples are 102.9±41.4, 63.6±7.4, 103.4±13.9 and 494.2±107.5, respectively which are comparatively higher than the typical world mean value. Elevated levels of radioactivity are likely due to the presence of illite, kaolinite, monazite, rutile and zircon minerals in the soil samples rather than technogenic contributions from the power plant. Furthermore, mean soil contamination factor (CF) are close to unity and mean pollution load index (PLI) is below unity while the average radium equivalent activity (Raeq in Bq·kg−1), external hazard index (Hex), absorbed γ dose rate (D in nGyh−1), annual effective dose rate (E in mSv·y−1) and excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR in Sv−1) are 249.5±21.7, 0.67±0.06, 114.2±9.4, 0.20±0.02, 4.9×10−4±0.4×10−4, respectively, which are within the permissible limit. Thus, in terms of radioactivity concentrations and associated environmental and radiological indices, the effect of the power plant is insignificant.
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26
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Reddy KU, Ningappa C, Sannappa J. Natural radioactivity level in soils around Kolar Gold Fields, Kolar district, Karnataka, India. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-017-5545-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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27
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Baseline evaluation for natural radioactivity level and radiological hazardous parameters associated with processing of high grade monazite. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2017; 89:215-223. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2017.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Revised: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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28
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Oto B, Yıldız N, Şeremet M. Natural radioactivity-based radiological hazards in soils of the islands: a case study from Eastern Turkey. RADIOCHIM ACTA 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/ract-2016-2734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A comprehensive work was carried out to investigate natural radionuclides of 238U, 232Th and 40K in 73 soil samples collected from islands of Adır, Çarpanak and Akdamar on the Van Lake (Turkey) located at Eastern Turkey. Radioactivity concentrations of these radionuclides were measured by using a gamma spectrometer with NaI(Tl) detector to be from 4.11 to 77.1 Bq/kg, from 6.0 to 70.0 Bq/kg and from 133.05 to 749.77 Bq/kg with the mean values of 33.33 Bq/kg, 36.68 Bq/kg and 478.19 Bq/kg, respectively. In addition, the absorbed gamma dose rate in air (D) and annual effective dose equivalent (AED) were found to be 57.5 nGy/h and 70.5 μSv/year, respectively. We have shown that our results might be related to the geological formation type. The results were compared with some published ones in Turkey and the World, which were found within acceptable limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berna Oto
- Department of Marine Engineering, Faculty of Maritime , Yuzuncu Yil University , 65080 Van , Turkey
| | - Nergiz Yıldız
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science , Yuzuncu Yil University , 65080 Van , Turkey
| | - Mehmet Şeremet
- Department of Maritime Transportation and Management Engineering , Yuzuncu Yil University , 65080 Van , Turkey
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29
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Assessment of radioactivity levels and radiation hazards using gamma spectrometry in soil samples of Edirne, Turkey. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-016-4908-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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30
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Kumar A, Rout S, Mishra MK, Karpe R, Ravi PM, Tripathi RM. Impact of particle size, temperature and humic acid on sorption of uranium in agricultural soils of Punjab. SPRINGERPLUS 2015; 4:262. [PMID: 26090309 PMCID: PMC4469604 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-015-1051-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Batch experiments were conducted to study the sorption of uranium (U) onto soil in deionised water as a function of its dosage, temperature and humic acid (HA). Furthermore, soils were characterized for particle sizes in the form of sand (>63 µm), silt (>2-<63 µm) and clay (<2 µm). The textural analysis revealed that soils were admixture of mainly sand and silt along with a small abundance of clay. X-ray diffraction analysis indicates that clay factions ranging from 2.8 to 5% dominated by quartz and montmorillonite. Experimental results indicated that soil with high abundance of clays and low sand content has relatively high U sorption which could be due to availability of high exchange surfaces for metal ions. However, at low concentration of HA, sorption of U was maximum and thereby decreased as the HA concentration increased. The maximum sorption may be due to increase in the negative active surface sites on HA and further decrease could be attributed to saturation of sorption site and surface precipitation. Conversely, the thermodynamic data suggested that the sorption is spontaneous and enhanced at higher temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Kumar
- Health Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Sabyasachi Rout
- Health Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Manish Kumar Mishra
- Health Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Rupali Karpe
- Health Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Pazhayath Mana Ravi
- Health Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Raj Mangal Tripathi
- Health Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, India
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31
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Assessment of 210Po and 210Pb in lichen, moss and soil around Çan coal-fired power plant, Turkey. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-015-4169-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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32
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Attia TE, Shendi EH, Shehata MA. Assessment of natural and artificial radioactivity levels and radiation hazards and their relation to heavy metals in the industrial area of Port Said city, Egypt. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:3082-3097. [PMID: 25233912 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3453-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A detailed gamma ray spectrometry survey was carried out to make an action in environmental impact assessment of urbanization and industrialization on Port Said city, Egypt. The concentrations of the measured radioelements U-238, Th-232 in ppm, and K-40 %, in addition to the total counts of three selected randomly dumping sites (A, B, and C) were mapped. The concentration maps represent a base line for the radioactivity in the study area in order to detect any future radioactive contamination. These concentrations are ranging between 0.2 and 21 ppm for U-238 and 0.01 to 13.4 ppm for Th-232 as well as 0.15 to 3.8 % for K-40, whereas the total count values range from 8.7 to 123.6 uR. Moreover, the dose rate was mapped using the same spectrometer and survey parameters in order to assess the radiological effect of these radioelements. The dose rate values range from 0.12 to 1.61 mSv/year. Eighteen soil samples were collected from the sites with high radioelement concentrations and dose rates to determine the activity concentrations of Ra-226, Th-232, and K-40 using HPGe spectrometer. The activity concentrations of Ra-226, Th-232, and K-40 in the measured samples range from 18.03 to 398.66 Bq kg(-1), 5.28 to 75.7 Bq kg(-1), and 3,237.88 to 583.12 Bq kg(-1), respectively. In addition to analyze heavy metal for two high reading samples (a 1 and a 10) which give concentrations of Cd and Zn elements (a 1 40 ppm and a 10 42 ppm) and (a 1 0.90 ppm and a 10 0.97 ppm), respectively, that are in the range of phosphate fertilizer products that suggested a dumped man-made waste in site A. All indicate that the measured values for the soil samples in the two sites of three falls within the world ranges of soil in areas with normal levels of radioactivity, while site A shows a potential radiological risk for human beings, and it is important to carry out dose assessment program with a specifically detailed monitoring program periodically.
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Affiliation(s)
- T E Attia
- Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt,
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Santawamaitre T, Malain D, Al-Sulaiti HA, Bradley DA, Matthews MC, Regan PH. Determination of (238)U, (232)Th and (40)K activity concentrations in riverbank soil along the Chao Phraya river basin in Thailand. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2014; 138:80-86. [PMID: 25195170 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2014.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Revised: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The activity concentrations of (238)U, (232)Th and (40)K in riverbank soil along the Chao Phraya river basin was determined through gamma-ray spectrometry measurements made using a hyper-pure germanium detector in a low background configuration. The ranges of activity concentrations of (238)U, (232)Th and (40)K were found to be 13.9 ↔ 76.8, 12.9 ↔ 142.9 and 178.4 ↔ 810.7 Bq kg(-1), respectively. The anthropogenic radionuclide, (137)Cs, was not observed in statistically significant amounts above the background level in the current study. The absorbed gamma dose rate in air at 1 m above the ground surface, the outdoor annual effective dose equivalent, the values of the radium equivalent activity and the external hazard index associated with all the soil samples in the present work were evaluated. The results indicate that the radiation hazard from primordial radionuclides in all soil samples from the area studied in this current work is not significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Santawamaitre
- Centre for Nuclear and Radiation Physics, Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - D Malain
- Centre for Nuclear and Radiation Physics, Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - H A Al-Sulaiti
- Centre for Nuclear and Radiation Physics, Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - D A Bradley
- Centre for Nuclear and Radiation Physics, Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - M C Matthews
- Centre for Environmental Health Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - P H Regan
- Centre for Nuclear and Radiation Physics, Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK; National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex, TW11 0LW, UK.
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Measurement of natural radioactivity and radiation hazard assessment in the soil samples of Ramanagara and Tumkur districts, Karnataka, India. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-014-3584-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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35
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Blanco Rodríguez P, Vera Tomé F, Lozano JC. Assessment of the vertical distribution of natural radionuclides in a mineralized uranium area in south-west Spain. CHEMOSPHERE 2014; 95:527-534. [PMID: 24182407 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.09.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Revised: 09/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Low-level alpha spectrometry techniques using semiconductor detectors (PIPS) and liquid scintillation (LKB Quantulus 1220™) were used to determine the activity concentration of (238)U, (234)U, (230)Th, (226)Ra, (232)Th, and (210)Pb in soil samples. The soils were collected from an old disused uranium mine located in southwest Spain. The soils were sampled from areas with different levels of influence from the installation and hence had different levels of contamination. The vertical profiles of the soils (down to 40 cm depth) were studied in order to evaluate the vertical distribution of the natural radionuclides. To determine the origin of these natural radionuclides the Enrichment Factor was used. Also, study of the activity ratios between radionuclides belonging to the same radioactive series allowed us to assess the different types of behaviors of the radionuclides involved. The vertical profiles for the radionuclide members of the (238)U series were different at each sampling point, depending on the level of influence of the installation. However, the profiles of each point were similar for the long-lived radionuclides of the (238)U series ((238)U, (234)U, (230)Th, and (226)Ra). Moreover, a major imbalance was observed between (210)Pb and (226)Ra in the surface layer, due to (222)Rn exhalation and the subsequent surface deposition of (210)Pb.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Blanco Rodríguez
- Natural Radioactivity Group, Extremadura University, Avd. Elvas s/n, 06071 Badajoz, Spain
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El-Gamal H, Farid MEA, Abdel Mageed AI, Hasabelnaby M, Hassanien HM. Assessment of natural radioactivity levels in soil samples from some areas in Assiut, Egypt. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 20:8700-8708. [PMID: 23716081 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-1844-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Accepted: 05/17/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The natural radioactivity of soil samples from Assiut city, Egypt, was studied. The activity concentrations of 28 samples were measured with a NaI(Tl) detector. The radioactivity concentrations of (226)Ra, (232)Th, and (40)K showed large variations, so the results were classified into two groups (A and B) to facilitate the interpretation of the results. Group A represents samples collected from different locations in Assiut and characterized by low activity concentrations with average values of 46.15 ± 9.69, 30.57 ± 4.90, and 553.14 ± 23.19 for (226)Ra, (232)Th, and (40)K, respectively. Group B represents samples mainly collected from the area around Assiut Thermal Power Plant and characterized by very high activity concentrations with average values of 3,803 ± 145, 1,782 ± 98, and 1,377 ± 78 for (226)Ra, (232)Th, and (40)K, respectively. In order to evaluate the radiological hazard of the natural radioactivity, the radium equivalent activity (Raeq), the absorbed dose rate (D), the annual effective dose rate (E), the external hazard index (H ex), and the annual gonadal dose equivalent (AGDE) have been calculated and compared with the internationally approved values. For group A, the calculated averages of these parameters are in good agreement with the international recommended values except for the absorbed dose rate and the AGDE values which are slightly higher than the international recommended values. However, for group B, all obtained averages of these parameters are much higher by several orders of magnitude than the international recommended values. The present work provides a background of radioactivity concentrations in the soil of Assiut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hany El-Gamal
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt,
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Tari M, Moussavi Zarandi SA, Mohammadi K, Zare MR. The measurement of gamma-emitting radionuclides in beach sand cores of coastal regions of Ramsar, Iran using HPGe detectors. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2013; 74:425-434. [PMID: 23850123 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Revised: 06/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Radionuclides which present in different beach sands are sources of external exposure that contribute to the total radiation exposure of human. (226)Ra, (235)U, (232)Th, (40)K and (137)Cs analysis has been carried out in sand samples collected at six depth levels, from eight locations of the northern coast of Iran, Ramsar, using high-resolution gamma-ray spectroscopy. The average Specific activities of natural radionuclides viz., (226)Ra, (235)U, (232)Th, (40)K and (137)Cs, in the 0-36 cm depth sand were found as: 19.2±0.04, 2.67±0.17, 17.9±0.06, 337.5±0.61 and 3.35±0.12 Bq kg(-1), respectively. The effects of organic matter content and pH value of sand samples on the natural radionuclide levels were also investigated. Finally, the measured radionuclide concentrations in the Ramsar beach were compared with the world average values, as reported by UNSCEAR (2000). None of the studied beaches were considered as a radiological risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marziyeh Tari
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Central Tehran Azad University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
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Patra AC, Sahoo SK, Tripathi RM, Puranik VD. Distribution of radionuclides in surface soils, Singhbhum Shear Zone, India and associated dose. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2013; 185:7833-7843. [PMID: 23456273 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-013-3138-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2012] [Accepted: 02/08/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Gamma emitters were estimated in surface soils from a mineralized zone in Eastern India using high purity Germanium detector-based high resolution gamma spectrometry system. Activities of (238)U, (226)Ra, (232)Th, (235)U, (227)Th, (234 m)Pa, (210)Pb, (40)K, and (137)Cs were 79 ± 50, 81 ± 53, 65 ± 23, 4 ± 2, 5 ± 4, 92 ± 50, 97 ± 45, 517 ± 201, and 4 ± 2 Bq/kg, respectively. Most radionuclides were observed to follow log-normal distribution. The correlation between physicochemical properties of the samples, like pH, organic matter content, particle size, and moisture content were also studied. Activity ratios of (226)Ra/(238)U, (210)Pb/(226)Ra, and (227)Th/(235)U indicated deviation from secular equilibrium in some samples. The associated annual effective dose ranged from 0.07 to 0.24 mSv and the mean was calculated to be 0.12 ± 0.04 mSv for this region, indicating it to be one of normal natural background radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Patra
- Environmental Assessment Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400 085 Trombay, India.
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Belivermiş M. Vertical distributions of 137Cs, 40K, 232Th and 226Ra in soil samples from Istanbul and its environs, Turkey. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2012; 151:511-521. [PMID: 22408185 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncs023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Determining the distribution of natural and artificial radionuclides in soil profiles as well as the surface layer of the soil is necessary due to the fact that radionuclides can enter the food chain from deeper soil layers and also contaminate ground water. In the current study, the activity-depth profiles of (137)Cs were determined in soil samples from 20 sites in and around the city of Istanbul. Naturally occurring radionuclides were determined at 12 of the locations. Uncultivated soil samples were taken in six horizontal layers at each location. Activity concentrations were measured with a gamma spectrometer. The impacts of texture, organic matter and pH of the soil on the vertical distribution of the radionuclides were also studied. The average and standard deviations of (137)Cs and (40)K activity concentrations in soil at a depth of 5 cm were found to be 16.46±14.71 and 450.2±239.1 Bq kg(-1), respectively. The activity concentrations of (40)K, (232)Th and (226)Ra were distributed uniformly with regard to soil depth. The depth distribution of (137)Cs generally fitted a linear function. The study revealed that >20 y after the Chernobyl disaster of 1986, 55 % of (137)Cs still remains in the upper 10 cm of soil in the Istanbul environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Belivermiş
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Vezneciler, 34134 Istanbul, Turkey.
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Dołhańczuk-Śródka A. Estimation of external gamma radiation dose in the area of Bory Stobrawskie forests (PL). ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2012; 184:5773-5779. [PMID: 21972034 PMCID: PMC3412953 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-011-2380-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2011] [Accepted: 09/16/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The study assessed the radiological risks associated with the presence of natural and artificial radionuclides in the Bory Stobrawskie forests (PL). Using the conversion factors given by UNSCEAR and the measurements results of (232)Th series, (238)U series, (40)K, and (137)Cs specific activities in the 10-cm soil layer the values of absorbed dose (D) and the annual effective dose equivalent derived from terrestrial gamma radiation (E) were calculated. The calculated dose was compared with doses directly measured on the area studied.
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Dragović S, Gajić B, Dragović R, Janković-Mandić L, Slavković-Beškoski L, Mihailović N, Momčilović M, Ćujić M. Edaphic factors affecting the vertical distribution of radionuclides in the different soil types of Belgrade, Serbia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 14:127-37. [DOI: 10.1039/c1em10457h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Panchal RH, Rao DD, Mehta BH, Baburajan A, Gaikwad RH. Comparison of transfer factors of 137Cs from soil to leafy vegetables in pot experiment and ambient environment. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-011-1578-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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The effects of physico-chemical properties on natural radioactivity levels, associated dose rate and evaluation of radiation hazard in the soil of Taiwan using statistical analysis. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-011-1032-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Belivermiş M, Cotuk Y. Radioactivity measurements in moss (Hypnum cupressiforme) and lichen (Cladonia rangiformis) samples collected from Marmara region of Turkey. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2010; 101:945-951. [PMID: 20659779 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2010.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2010] [Revised: 06/17/2010] [Accepted: 06/18/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to compare the (137)Cs, (40)K, (232)Th, and (238)U activity concentrations in epigeic moss (Hypnum cupressiforme) and lichen (Cladonia rangiformis). The activity levels in 37 moss and 38 lichen samples collected from the Marmara region of Turkey were measured using a gamma spectrometer equipped with a high purity germanium (HPGe) detector. The activity concentrations of (137)Cs, (40)K, (232)Th, and (238)U in the moss samples were found to be in the range of 0.36-8.13, 17.1-181.1, 1.51-6.17, and 0.87-6.70 Bq kg(-1) respectively, while these values were below detection limit (BDL)-4.32, 16.6-240.0, 1.32-6.47, and BDL-3.57 Bq kg(-1) respectively in lichen. The average moss/lichen activity ratios of (137)Cs, (40)K, (232)Th, and (238)U were found to be 1.32 +/- 0.57, 2.79 +/- 1.67, 2.11 +/- 0.82, and 2.19 +/- 1.02, respectively. Very low (137)Cs concentrations were observed in moss and lichen samples compared to soil samples collected from the same locations in a previous study. Seasonal variations of the measured radionuclide activities were also examined in the three sampling stations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Belivermiş
- Istanbul University, Department of Biology, Vezneciler, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Wan Mahmood ZU, Ahmad Z, Adziz MIA, Mohamed CAR, Ishak AK. Radioactivity distribution of thorium in sediment core of the Sabah-Sarawak coast. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-010-0554-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Gbadebo A, Amos A. Assessment of Radionuclide Pollutants in Bedrocks and Soils from Ewekoro Cement Factory, Southwest Nigeria. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.3923/ajaps.2010.135.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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