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Sadighara P, Mahmudiono T, Marufi N, Yazdanfar N, Fakhri Y, Rikabadi AK, Khaneghah AM. Residues of carcinogenic pesticides in food: a systematic review. REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2023:reveh-2022-0253. [PMID: 37272608 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2022-0253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Most agricultural products are exposed to pesticides. Organochlorine (OCPs) insecticides have been banned for years due to their persistence in the environment and lipophilic properties. On the other hand, some carcinogenic organophosphates are used in high amounts. Therefore, this systematic review was performed with the keywords; pesticide, carcinogenic, carcinogen, residue, contamination, pollution, and food to determine the type of food and pesticide. 663 manuscripts were found by searching in databases. After initial screening and quality assessment of full text, 26 manuscripts were selected. In this study, by reviewing selected manuscripts, about 13 pesticides were associated with carcinogenic effects. These pesticides were Chlorothalonil, Glyphosate, Tetrachlorvinphos, Parathion, Malathion, Diazinon, heptachlor, Hexachlorobenzene, aldrin, dieldrin, DDT, chlordane, Lindane. Most of these pesticides were organochlorine. The organochlorine pesticides are primarily detected in foods of animal origin. In some studies, the amount of carcinogenic organochlorine was higher than the permissible levels. From the carcinogenic herbicide, Glyphosate. An important finding of this systematic review is that carcinogenic organochlorines are still a threat to cancer incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Sadighara
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Food Safety Division, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Trias Mahmudiono
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Nilufar Marufi
- Student Research Committee, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Najmeh Yazdanfar
- Iranian Institute of R&D in Chemical Industries (IRDCI) (ACECR), Tehran, Iran
| | - Yadolah Fakhri
- Food Health Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Ali Khalili Rikabadi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Mousavi Khaneghah
- Department of Fruit and Vegetable Product Technology, Prof. Wacław Dąbrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology, Warsaw, Poland
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Rashid H, Alqahtani SS, Alshahrani S. Diet: A Source of Endocrine Disruptors. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2021; 20:633-645. [PMID: 31642798 DOI: 10.2174/1871530319666191022100141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food is indispensable for human life and determines the health and wellbeing of the consumer. As food is the source of energy for humans, it also emerges as one of the most important sources of exposure to deleterious chemicals both natural and synthetic. The food exposed chemicals cause a number of detrimental health effects in humans, with endocrine disruption being of serious concern amongst these effects. Such chemicals disrupting the health of endocrine system are known as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). The food exposed EDCs need to be identified and classified to effectuate a cautious consumption of food by all and especially by vulnerable groups. AIM The aim of the present review was to discuss food as a source of exposure to common endocrine disruptors in humans. This review presents the occurrence and levels of some of the critical endocrine disruptors exposed through frequently consumed diets. METHODS The major source of data was PubMed, besides other relevant publications. The focus was laid on data from the last five years, however significant earlier data was also considered. CONCLUSION The food as a source of endocrine disruptors to humans cannot be neglected. It is highly imperative for the consumer to recognize food as a source of EDCs and make informed choices in the consumption of food items.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hina Rashid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad S Alqahtani
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Alshahrani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jizan, Saudi Arabia
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Distribution of organochlorine pesticide pollution in water, sediment, mollusk, and fish at Saguling Dam, West Java, Indonesia. Toxicol Res 2021; 38:149-157. [PMID: 35419272 PMCID: PMC8960551 DOI: 10.1007/s43188-021-00094-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to determine the distribution of organochlorine pesticide pollution in water, sediments, mollusks, and fish at Saguling Dam as baseline data of organochlorine pollution. Samples were obtained from 12 locations, with 9 and 3 sampling points inside and outside the dam, respectively. Measurement of organochlorine residues was carried out using methods of extraction, purification, evaporation, and gas chromatography. Results showed the presence of several types of organochlorine compounds, namely, lindane, aldrin, dieldrin, heptachlor, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), and endosulfan. Aldrin was dominant in water (2-37 μg/L) and sediments (2-1438 μg/L), while DDT and heptachlor were dominant organochlorine compounds in mollusks (13-2758 µg/L) and fish (11-104 μg/L), respectively. Sediments demonstrated higher organochlorine concentrations than water, mollusk, and fish. The distribution of organochlorine was affected by land use around the Citarum watershed and pollutant input from tributaries.
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Khammanee N, Qiu Y, Kungskulniti N, Bignert A, Meng Y, Zhu Z, Lekew Teffera Z. Presence and Health Risks of Obsolete and Emerging Pesticides in Paddy Rice and Soil from Thailand and China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17113786. [PMID: 32471043 PMCID: PMC7312988 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17113786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Organochlorine (OCPs) and organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) have been intensively applied in rice paddy field farming to control pest infestation and increase the yield. In this study, we investigated the presence of organochlorine and organophosphorus pesticides in paddy rice and soil from rice plantations in Thailand and China. According to concentration and distribution of OCPs, the most abundant OCPs residues in rice and soil from Thailand and China were dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and hexachlorocyclohexanes. The OPPs of methidathion, carbophenothion, chlorpyrifos, and diazinon were common to Thailand and China in both types of samples. The detection frequency of multiple types of these pesticides was greater than 50% of total samples. The relative concentration of some OPPs residues in rice and soil from Thailand and China were significantly different from each other (p < 0.0083), whereas, no significant difference was observed for the relative concentration of OCPs residues in rice and soil from both countries, except for HCHs (p < 0.05). Bioaccumulation factors of OCPs between rice and soil samples indicated that OCPs and OPPs in soil could accumulate in rice. The carcinogenic and non- carcinogenic risks of OCPs and OPPs seem to be in the safe range as recommended by the European Union.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naranun Khammanee
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; (N.K.); (Y.M.); (Z.Z.)
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, UNEP-Tongji Institute of Environment for Sustainable Development, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China;
| | - Yanling Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; (N.K.); (Y.M.); (Z.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-133-0196-7857
| | - Nipapun Kungskulniti
- Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
- Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Anders Bignert
- Swedish Museum of Natural History, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Yuan Meng
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; (N.K.); (Y.M.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zhiliang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; (N.K.); (Y.M.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zebene Lekew Teffera
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, UNEP-Tongji Institute of Environment for Sustainable Development, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China;
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Han Y, Mo R, Yuan X, Zhong D, Tang F, Ye C, Liu Y. Pesticide residues in nut-planted soils of China and their relationship between nut/soil. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 180:42-47. [PMID: 28391151 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.03.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Twenty-nine pesticide residues in nut-planted soils from China were investigated. One organophosphate (chlorpyrifos) was detected in 5.3% soils, and the residue levels of 7.2 μg/kg to 77.2 μg/kg. The concentrations of six organochlorines (DDT, HCH, endosulfan, quintozene, aldrin and dieldrin) detected in 78.9% soils were 0.6 μg/kg to 90.1 μg/kg. The residue levels of six pyrethroids (bifenthrin, fenpropathrin, cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, fenvalerate and deltamethrin) detected in 65.8% soils were 1.5 μg/kg to 884.3 μg/kg. Triadimefon and buprofezin were found in 71.1% and 52.6% samples, respectively, with the corresponding concentrations of 9.8 μg/kg to 193.7 μg/kg and 87.9 μg/kg to 807.4 μg/kg. The multiple residues were found in 76.3% soils. A significant correlation between pesticide residues in nuts and soils was observed, with the correlation coefficient (r) 0.83 (P < 0.001). In addition, the bioconcentration factor (BCF) values for the explanation of pesticides from soils into nuts were ranged from 0.8 to 16.5. The results showed that some pesticides could accumulate in nut by the uptake effect from soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxiang Han
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang 311400, China
| | - Runhong Mo
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang 311400, China
| | - Xinyue Yuan
- Testing Center for Food Safety of Fuyang District of Hangzhou, Fuyang 311400, China
| | - Donglian Zhong
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang 311400, China
| | - Fubin Tang
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang 311400, China
| | - Caifen Ye
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang 311400, China
| | - Yihua Liu
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang 311400, China.
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Ketyam B, Imsilp K, Poapolathep A, Poapolathep S, Jermnak U, Phaochoosak N, Tanhan P. Health risk associated with the consumption of duck egg containing endosulfan residues. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2016; 188:270. [PMID: 27052347 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-016-5268-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Eight duck farms and a local market in Suphanburi province, Thailand adjacent to paddy fields were selected for this study. The concentrations of endosulfan isomers (α- and β-endosulfan) and endosulfan sulfate in environmental matrices (water, soil, feed) and duck eggs were determined. Human health risk via the contaminated egg consumption was also evaluated. Analysis of environmental matrices found both endosulfan isomers (α- and β-endosulfan) and endosulfan sulfate in most samples. Endosulfan sulfate was predominantly found in all matrices followed by β- and α-endosulfan, respectively. The total endosulfan concentrations were in the following order: feed > soil > water. However, the levels of endosulfan detected were lower than the regulatory maximum residue limit of endosulfan, except in water (>0.200 ng mL(-1)). Endosulfan sulfate in duck egg samples was also predominantly detected in both yolk and albumin. The average total endosulfan residues (∑endosulfan) in yolk (6.73 ng g(-1)) were higher than in albumin (4.78 ng g(-1)). According to principle component analysis, we found that paddy soil surrounding the duck farms is the suspected source of endosulfan contamination in husbandry water which subsequently contaminates duck eggs. The estimated daily intakes (EDIs) of these endosulfan-contaminated eggs were well below the acceptable daily intake (ADI) for endosulfan (6 μg kg(-1) day(-1)). However, the consumption of this contaminated duck eggs should be of concerns in regard to chronic exposure. Therefore, the better environmental managements to reduce endosulfan residues can play a crucial role for decreasing human health risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Butsayanan Ketyam
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan Road, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Kanjana Imsilp
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan Road, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Amnart Poapolathep
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan Road, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Saranya Poapolathep
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan Road, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Usuma Jermnak
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan Road, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Napasorn Phaochoosak
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan Road, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Phanwimol Tanhan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan Road, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand.
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Liu Y, Li S, Ni Z, Qu M, Zhong D, Ye C, Tang F. Pesticides in persimmons, jujubes and soil from China: Residue levels, risk assessment and relationship between fruits and soils. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 542:620-628. [PMID: 26544891 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.10.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Extreme and uncontrolled usage of pesticides produces a number of problems for vegetation and human health. In this study, the existence of organophosphates (OPs), organochlorines (OCs), pyrethroids (PYs) and fungicides (FUs) were investigated in persimmons/jujubes and their planted soils, which were collected from China. One OP (dimethoate), three OCs (DDT, quintozene and aldrin), six PYs (bifenthrin, fenpropathrin, cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, fenvalerate and deltamethrin) and two FUs (triadimefon and buprofezin) were found in 36.4% of persimmons and 70.8% of jujubes, with concentrations from 1.0 μg/kg to 2945.0 μg/kg. The most frequently detected pesticides in the two fruits were fenpropathrin in persimmons and cypermethrin in jujubes, with the detection frequencies of 30.0% and 22.7%, respectively. The residues of 4.5% (persimmon) and 25.0% (jujube) of samples were higher than the maximum residue limits (MRLs) of China. Compared with the fruits, more types of pesticides and higher residues were observed in their planted soils. The most frequently detected pesticides were HCH in persimmon soil and DDT in jujube soil, with the detection frequencies of 10.9% and 12.7%, respectively. For the tested samples, 39.1% of fruit samples and 63.0% of soil samples with multiple residues (containing more than two pesticides) were noted, even up to 8 residues in fruits and 14 residues in soils. Except for cyhalothrin, the other short-term risks for the tested pesticides in the fruits were below 10%, and the highest long-term risk was 14.13% for aldrin and dieldrin. There was no significant health risk for consumers via consumption of the two fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihua Liu
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang 311400, China
| | - Shiliang Li
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang 311400, China
| | - Zhanglin Ni
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang 311400, China
| | - Minghua Qu
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang 311400, China
| | - Donglian Zhong
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang 311400, China
| | - Caifen Ye
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang 311400, China
| | - Fubin Tang
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang 311400, China.
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